Photovoltaic heat pump water heater

Abstract

The utility model provides a photovoltaic heat pump water heater which comprises a refrigerant circulation pipeline and a water circulation pipeline, a compressor and a condenser are arranged on a main pipeline of the refrigerant circulation pipeline, the output end of the condenser is connected with a plurality of branches which are connected in parallel, and the other ends of all the branches are connected with the input end of the compressor; each branch is provided with a throttling device and an evaporator, and the evaporator of at least one branch exchanges heat with the photovoltaic panel; a water tank and a water pump are arranged on the water circulation pipeline, and water in the water tank exchanges heat with the condenser under the action of the water pump. According to the photovoltaic heat pump water heater, energy lost by the photovoltaic panel can be repeatedly utilized, and the heating requirement of a water circulation pipeline can be met through heat exchange between other branches and outdoor air when illumination is insufficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of water heaters, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic heat pump water heater. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation requires solar radiation, but only about 20% of all the solar energy absorbed by photovoltaic panels is converted into electrical energy, and the rest of the energy is dissipated in the form of heat. This part of the heat dissipation energy will increase the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panels. As the operating temperature increases, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panels decreases, and their service life is also shortened.

[0003] On the other hand, when the existing heat pump water heater is working, the outdoor fan needs to force air convection on the evaporator to enable the refrigerant to absorb heat from the air.

[0004] Therefore, how to integrate the photovoltaic panel with the heat pump water heater so that the evaporator of the heat pump water heater can work normally while lowering the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0005] In view of this, the present utility model is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a photovoltaic heat pump water heater, which not only utilizes an evaporator to cool the photovoltaic panel, but also allows the remaining branches to exchange heat with outdoor air when there is insufficient light, thereby meeting the heating needs of the water circulation pipeline.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A photovoltaic heat pump water heater comprises a refrigerant circulation pipeline and a water circulation pipeline, wherein a compressor and a condenser are arranged on the main circuit of the refrigerant circulation pipeline, wherein the output end of the condenser is connected to a plurality of branches connected in parallel, and the other ends of all the branches are connected to the input end of the compressor;

[0009] A throttling device and an evaporator are provided on each branch, and the evaporator of at least one branch exchanges heat with the photovoltaic panel;

[0010] The water circulation pipeline is provided with a water tank and a water pump, and the water in the water tank exchanges heat with the condenser under the action of the water pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the branches of the refrigerant circulation pipeline include a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is provided with a first throttling device and a first evaporator in sequence, the first evaporator and the photovoltaic panel are arranged side by side for heat exchange, and the second branch is provided with a second throttling device, a second evaporator and a first one-way valve in sequence, and the first one-way valve is arranged between the input end of the compressor and the second evaporator.

[0012] Furthermore, a bypass pipeline is arranged between the main line of the refrigerant circulation pipeline and the second branch, one end of the bypass pipeline is arranged between the compressor and the condenser, and the other end is arranged between the second evaporator and the first one-way valve, and a first switch valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, when the water circulation pipeline is working, the first branch and the second branch are turned on simultaneously or separately, and the bypass pipeline is in a closed state.

[0014] Furthermore, a second switch valve is provided on the second branch to control on-off, and the second switch valve is provided between the connection between the bypass pipeline and the second branch and the input end of the compressor.

[0015] Furthermore, when the water circulation pipeline stops working, the bypass pipeline and the first branch are connected at the same time, and the second switch valve is disconnected.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor;

[0017] The first temperature sensor is disposed between the photovoltaic panel and the first evaporator on the first branch to detect the temperature therebetween;

[0018] The second temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature.

[0019] Furthermore, the first throttling device is configured as a first electronic expansion valve, and / or the second throttling device is configured as a second electronic expansion valve.

[0020] Furthermore, a first fan is provided at the first evaporator on the first branch;

[0021] And / or, a second fan is provided at the second evaporator on the second branch.

[0022] After adopting the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0023] 1. The photovoltaic heat pump water heater of the utility model can not only reuse the energy dissipated by the photovoltaic panels, but also meet the heating needs of the water circulation pipeline by exchanging heat with the outdoor air through the remaining branches when the sunlight is insufficient.

[0024] 2. The utility model is also provided with a bypass pipeline. When there is no heating demand, the refrigerant can circulate through the bypass pipeline to bypass the condenser that exchanges heat with the water circulation pipeline, thereby cooling the photovoltaic panel.

[0025] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are part of the present invention and are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model photovoltaic heat pump water heater;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the refrigerant in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the refrigerant in the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the refrigerant in the third embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the circulation of the refrigerant in the fourth embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] Description of the main components in the figure: 1. Compressor; 2. Condenser; 3. Second evaporator; 4. Second electronic expansion valve; 5. First electronic expansion valve; 6. First evaporator; 7. First non-return valve; 8. First switch valve; 9. Water tank; 10. Water pump; 11. First temperature sensor; 12. Second temperature sensor; 13. Photovoltaic panel; 14. Main line; 15. First branch; 16. Second branch; 17. Bypass pipeline; 18. Water circulation pipeline.

[0033] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] During the photovoltaic power generation process, the solar energy absorbed by the photovoltaic panel 13 cannot be fully converted into electrical energy. Part of the energy will be dissipated in the form of heat. This part of energy will increase the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 13. As the temperature increases, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 13 decreases. Therefore, how to integrate the photovoltaic panel 13 with the heat pump water heater to improve the energy utilization efficiency has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved.

[0038] In view of this, if Figure 1-5 As shown, the utility model provides a photovoltaic heat pump water heater, including a refrigerant circulation pipeline and a water circulation pipeline 18, wherein a compressor 1 and a condenser 2 are arranged on the main line 14 of the refrigerant circulation pipeline, and the output end of the condenser 2 is connected to multiple branches connected in parallel, and the other ends of all the branches are connected to the input end of the compressor 1 to form a circulation loop of the refrigerant.

[0039] A throttling device and an evaporator are provided on each branch, and in order to utilize the energy at the photovoltaic panel 13 , the evaporator of at least one branch in the utility model exchanges heat with the photovoltaic panel 13 .

[0040] A water tank 9 and a water pump 10 are provided on the water circulation pipeline 18 . The water in the water tank 9 circulates in the water circulation pipeline 18 under the action of the water pump 10 , thereby exchanging heat with the condenser 2 .

[0041] The working process of the photovoltaic heat pump water heater in the utility model is that the compressor 1 compresses the low-pressure refrigerant gas into a high-pressure refrigerant gas, and this part of the refrigerant gas condenses and releases heat at the condenser 2 to become a high-pressure refrigerant liquid. The released heat is used to heat the water in the water circulation pipeline 18, and then the high-pressure refrigerant liquid becomes a low-pressure refrigerant liquid under the action of the throttling device. This part of the refrigerant liquid absorbs the energy dissipated by the photovoltaic panel 13 or the heat in the air at the evaporator and evaporates into a low-pressure gas, and re-enters the compressor 1 for the next cycle. As the heat is absorbed, the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel 13 also decreases.

[0042] Specifically, the branches of the refrigerant circulation pipeline in the utility model include a first branch 15 and a second branch 16. The first branch 15 exchanges heat with the photovoltaic panel 13, and a first throttling device and a first evaporator 6 are sequentially arranged thereon. The first evaporator 6 is arranged side by side with the photovoltaic panel 13 for exchanging heat with the photovoltaic panel 13. The first throttling device is arranged between the first evaporator 6 and the condenser 2.

[0043] Preferably, the first throttling device can be configured as a first electronic expansion valve 5 .

[0044] The second branch 16 is provided with a second throttling device, a second evaporator 3 and a first one-way valve 7 in sequence. The first one-way valve 7 is provided between the input end of the compressor 1 and the second evaporator 3 , wherein the second throttling device is preferably a second electronic expansion valve 4 .

[0045] Furthermore, in order to achieve cooling and heat dissipation of the photovoltaic panel 13 when the water heater is not working, the photovoltaic heat pump water heater of the present invention is also provided with a bypass pipeline 17 between the main pipeline 14 and the second branch pipeline 16 of the refrigerant circulation pipeline. One end of the bypass pipeline 17 is arranged between the compressor 1 and the condenser 2, and the other end is arranged between the second evaporator 3 and the first one-way valve 7, and a first switch valve 8 is arranged on the bypass pipeline 17 to control the on-off.

[0046] When the bypass line 17 is turned on and the main line 14 leading to the condenser 2 is turned off, the high-pressure refrigerant gas flowing out of the compressor 1 can circulate around the condenser 2 through the bypass line 17. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant condenses and releases heat to become a high-pressure liquid at the second evaporator 3 on the second branch 16.

[0047] Furthermore, the photovoltaic heat pump water heater in the utility model also includes a first temperature sensor 11 and a second temperature sensor 12, wherein the first temperature sensor 11 is arranged between the photovoltaic panel 13 and the first evaporator 6 on the first branch 15 to detect the temperature therebetween, and the second temperature sensor 12 is used to detect the ambient temperature. At this time, the temperature information fed back by the first temperature sensor 11 and the second temperature sensor 12 can be used to determine whether the photovoltaic panel 13 needs to be cooled.

[0048] In one embodiment of the utility model, when it is determined based on the temperature information fed back by the first temperature sensor 11 and the second temperature sensor 12 that the photovoltaic panel 13 needs to be cooled and the water in the water tank 9 needs to be heated at the same time, the first branch 15 is turned on, and the second branch 16 and the bypass line 17 are turned off. At this time, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation pipeline exchanges heat with the photovoltaic panel 13 at the first evaporator 6 to reduce its operating temperature.

[0049] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 is first condensed and releases heat to become a high-pressure liquid at the condenser 2, and then enters the first evaporator 6 through the first electronic expansion valve 5, and exchanges heat with the photovoltaic panel 13 at the first evaporator 6, absorbs heat and evaporates into a low-pressure refrigerant gas. The temperature at the photovoltaic panel 13 is therefore reduced, and finally this part of the refrigerant enters the compressor 1 again for the next cycle. In this process, since the first one-way valve 7 is provided, the refrigerant returning to the compressor 1 through the first evaporator 6 in this embodiment will not enter the second branch 16.

[0050] While the first branch 15 is working, under the action of the water pump 10, the water in the water tank 9 is pumped to the condenser 2, and after absorbing the heat released when the refrigerant is condensed, it is pumped back into the water tank 9, thereby meeting the heating demand of the water in the water tank 9.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a first fan is also provided at the first evaporator 6 to increase the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant at the first evaporator 6 .

[0052] In another embodiment of the utility model, when it is determined based on the temperature information fed back by the first temperature sensor 11 and the second temperature sensor 12 that although the photovoltaic panel 13 needs to be cooled, its heat is insufficient to meet the heating requirement of the water circulation pipeline 18, the first branch 15 and the second branch 16 are opened at the same time, and the bypass pipeline 17 is closed. At this time, a part of the refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 2 passes through the first evaporator 6, exchanges heat with the photovoltaic panel 13, and then re-enters the compressor 1, and the other part of the refrigerant passes through the second evaporator 3, absorbs the heat of the outdoor air, evaporates into a low-pressure refrigerant gas, and then re-enters the compressor 1.

[0053] The refrigerant flow rates of the first branch 15 and the second branch 16 can be adjusted by controlling the first electronic expansion valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 4 .

[0054] Specifically, Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 condenses and releases heat at the condenser 2 to become a refrigerant liquid, and then a part of it enters the first evaporator 6 through the first electronic expansion valve 5 to exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel 13, and the other part enters the second evaporator 3 through the second electronic expansion valve 4, absorbs heat from the outdoor air and evaporates into a refrigerant gas, and then the refrigerants in the first branch 15 and the second branch 16 re-enter the compressor 1 for the next cycle.

[0055] While the first branch 15 and the second branch 16 are working, under the action of the water pump 10, the water in the water tank 9 is pumped to the condenser 2, absorbs the heat released when the refrigerant is condensed, and is pumped back into the water tank 9, thereby meeting the heating demand for the water in the water tank 9.

[0056] Furthermore, in this embodiment, in addition to the first fan, a second fan is also provided at the second evaporator 3 to increase the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant at the second evaporator 3 .

[0057] In another embodiment of the utility model, when it is determined that the photovoltaic panel 13 does not need to be cooled based on the temperature information fed back by the first temperature sensor 11 and the second temperature sensor 12, such as at night or on cloudy days, the first branch 15 and the bypass pipe 17 are both closed, and the second branch 16 is turned on.

[0058] Furthermore, in this embodiment, in order to save the circulation path of the refrigerant, the second branch 16 can be arranged between the main path 14 of the refrigerant circulation pipeline and the first branch 15, that is, one end of the second branch 16 is arranged between the condenser 2 and the first electronic expansion valve 5, and the other end is arranged between the compressor 1 and the first evaporator 6.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 condenses and releases heat to become refrigerant liquid at the condenser 2, and then enters the second evaporator 3 through the second electronic expansion valve 4, exchanges heat with the outdoor air at the second evaporator 3, absorbs the heat of the outdoor air, evaporates into refrigerant gas, and finally re-enters the compressor 1.

[0060] Preferably, in order to prevent the refrigerant gas flowing out of the second evaporator 3 from flowing back into the first branch 15, a second one-way valve is also provided on the first branch 15, and the second one-way valve is arranged between the connection between the second branch 16 and the main path 14 and the first evaporator 6.

[0061] While the second branch 16 is working, under the action of the water pump 10, the water in the water tank 9 is pumped to the condenser 2, and after absorbing the heat released when the refrigerant is condensed, it is pumped back into the water tank 9, thereby meeting the heating demand of the water in the water tank 9.

[0062] In another embodiment of the utility model, when there is no need to heat the water in the water tank 9, but the photovoltaic panel 13 needs to be cooled, the water pump 10 on the water circulation pipeline 18 stops working. At this time, the first branch 15 and the bypass pipeline 17 on the refrigerant circulation pipeline are opened, but the second branch 16 and the main pipeline 14 leading to the condenser 2 are in a closed state.

[0063] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 enters the second evaporator 3 on the second branch 16 through the bypass pipe 17, and condenses and releases heat to become refrigerant liquid at the second evaporator 3. At this time, the second fan arranged at the second evaporator 3 can fully ensure the heat dissipation effect of the second evaporator 3, and then the refrigerant liquid enters the first evaporator 6 through the second electronic expansion valve 4 and the first electronic expansion valve 5 in turn to exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel 13.

[0064] During this process, in order to prevent the refrigerant flowing out of the bypass line 17 from flowing directly back to the compressor 1 through the first one-way valve 7, a second switch valve is also provided on the second branch 16 in this embodiment, and the second switch valve is arranged at the connection between the bypass line 17 and the second branch 16 and the input end of the compressor 1, and the second switch valve is in the off state.

[0065] Furthermore, in order to reduce the accumulation of refrigerant in the second branch 16 between the connection between the bypass pipe 17 and the second branch 16 and the input end of the compressor 1, the second switch valve in this embodiment is preferably arranged at the connection between the bypass pipe 17 and the second branch 16 and between the first one-way valve 7.

[0066] In this embodiment, the second electronic expansion valve 4 is in a fully open state, and the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve 5 can be adjusted according to actual needs. Under the action of the first one-way valve 7, the refrigerant flowing out of the first evaporator 6 will not flow into the second branch 16, but directly enter the compressor 1 for the next cycle, and exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel 13 again without meeting the heating requirements of the water circulation pipeline 18.

[0067] After adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic heat pump water heater of the utility model can not only reuse the energy lost by the photovoltaic panel 13, but also meet the heating demand of the water circulation pipeline 18 by exchanging heat with the outdoor air through the remaining branches when the light is insufficient;

[0068] On the other hand, when there is no heating demand, the refrigerant can circulate through the bypass line 17 to bypass the condenser 2 that exchanges heat with the water circulation line 18 to achieve cooling of the photovoltaic panel 13.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical content suggested above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can also be further combined or replaced. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic heat pump water heater, characterized in that: It includes a refrigerant circulation pipeline and a water circulation pipeline. The main circuit of the refrigerant circulation pipeline is provided with a compressor and a condenser. The output end of the condenser is connected to a plurality of branches connected in parallel. The other ends of all the branches are connected to the input end of the compressor. A throttling device and an evaporator are provided on each branch, and the evaporator of at least one branch exchanges heat with the photovoltaic panel; The water circulation pipeline is provided with a water tank and a water pump, and the water in the water tank exchanges heat with the condenser under the action of the water pump.

2. A photovoltaic heat pump water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branches of the refrigerant circulation pipeline include a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is provided with a first throttling device and a first evaporator in sequence. The first evaporator and the photovoltaic panel are arranged side by side for heat exchange. The second branch is provided with a second throttling device, a second evaporator and a first one-way valve in sequence. The first one-way valve is arranged between the input end of the compressor and the second evaporator.

3. A photovoltaic heat pump water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bypass pipeline is arranged between the main line of the refrigerant circulation pipeline and the second branch, one end of the bypass pipeline is arranged between the compressor and the condenser, and the other end is arranged between the second evaporator and the first one-way valve, and a first switch valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline.

4. A photovoltaic heat pump water heater according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the water circulation pipeline is working, the first branch and the second branch are turned on simultaneously or separately, and the bypass pipeline is in a closed state.

5. The photovoltaic heat pump water heater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second branch is provided with a second switch valve to control on-off, and the second switch valve is arranged between the connection between the bypass pipeline and the second branch and the input end of the compressor.

6. A photovoltaic heat pump water heater according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the water circulation pipeline stops working, the bypass pipeline and the first branch are connected at the same time, and the second switch valve is disconnected.

7. A photovoltaic heat pump water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also including a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor; The first temperature sensor is disposed between the photovoltaic panel and the first evaporator on the first branch to detect the temperature therebetween; The second temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature.

8. The photovoltaic heat pump water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first throttling device is configured as a first electronic expansion valve, and / or the second throttling device is configured as a second electronic expansion valve.

9. The photovoltaic heat pump water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first fan is provided at the first evaporator on the first branch; And / or, a second fan is provided at the second evaporator on the second branch.

Images