Tidal river beach protection structure
By designing a meniscus and layered structure protection system on river bank beaches and combining aquatic vegetation, the problems of volatile instability of river bank beach protection measures and frequent artificial sand replenishment are solved, and dynamic sand transport balance and shore beach stability are achieved , adapt to changes in trends, and improve the stability and ecological environment of the shore.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421029195.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-13
AI Technical Summary
The existing river bank and beach protection measures are prone to instability, deformation, collapse, etc., especially in tidal-induced rivers, which are more significantly affected by the double erosion of runoff and tide. In addition, artificial sand replenishment methods require regular maintenance and high capital investment.
Design a protective structure including the root, dam body and dam head. The dam body is meniscus. The layered structure consists of stone throwing, mortar masonry and natural sand. The planted soil layer covers aquatic vegetation and bends according to the direction of the tide to achieve Dynamic sand transfer balance.
The structure provides encircling protection through meniscus and layered design, promotes silt, stabilizes river bank beaches, avoids the hydraulic influence of hard structures, and meets the needs of shore beach stability and landscape diversity.
Smart Images
Figure CN222332588U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a tidal river bank protection structure, belonging to the technical field of river regulation. Background Art
[0002] The river bank is a basic component of the river, and plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the river, the stability and smoothness of the navigation channel, the river bank ecology, the river landscape, the hydrophilic space and the safety of the embankments on both sides. The protection of the river bank generally adopts measures such as riprap, groynes, drainage bodies, and bagged concrete. Since these measures are mostly rigid, they have a great impact on the flow of the river. After the construction of the protection project, it is easy to become unstable, deformed, suspended, and collapsed under the continuous scouring of the water flow, which seriously affects the protection effect of the bank and beach, and also has an adverse impact on the ecology, environment, and landscape of the river. Tidal rivers are affected by both runoff and tides, and the bidirectional scouring of water flow has a greater impact on the protection effect. In addition, for some river banks located in cities, artificial sand replenishment will be adopted for protection due to the needs of ecology, landscape, and park construction. This method is simple, effective, and environmentally friendly, but for banks with obvious scouring effects, the replenished sand is easy to be lost, requiring regular maintenance and a large amount of capital investment. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to overcome the above problems, the utility model provides a tidal river bank protection structure, which can play a role in protecting the beach and promoting siltation. When the tide is high, the silt deposited on the protection structure and part of the silt on its own structure can be returned to the upstream with the rising tide to supplement the beach, thereby achieving a dynamic balance of sand transport from the beach and ensuring the stability of the river bank.
[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
[0005] A tidal river bank protection structure comprises a dam root, a dam body and a dam head in sequence, wherein the dam root is connected to the river bank, the dam body extends and bends from the dam root toward the river bank, the dam head points to the river bank connected to the dam root, and the lateral width of the cross section of the protection structure gradually narrows from the dam root to the dam head. The protection structure is arranged in the middle and downstream of the river bank.
[0006] Furthermore, after the dam root extends to the edge of the bank on the side of the river channel close to the protective structure, it bends toward the upstream or downstream of the river channel.
[0007] Furthermore, when the river channel is dominated by ebb tide, the dam root bends toward the upstream of the river channel; when the river channel is dominated by flood tide, the dam root bends toward the downstream of the river channel.
[0008] Furthermore, the dam body is crescent-shaped when viewed from above.
[0009] Furthermore, the lateral width of the dam root top is 3-5m, and the lateral width of the dam head top is 1-2m.
[0010] Furthermore, the dam root, dam body and dam head are layered structures, which include a riprap layer, a mortar-made stone layer and a natural sand layer from bottom to top.
[0011] Furthermore, the riprap layer is arranged from the riverbed surface of the beach where the protective structure is located to the average low tide level.
[0012] Furthermore, the mortar-made stone layer is arranged from the average low tide level to the average tide level.
[0013] Furthermore, the natural sand layer is arranged from the average tide level to the average high tide level.
[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a planting soil layer, which covers the natural sand layer and is provided with aquatic vegetation.
[0015] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. The crescent-shaped plane shape can provide "embracing" protection for the river bank. At low tide, the beach protection structure plays a role in protecting the beach and promoting siltation. At high tide, the silt deposited on the protection structure and part of the silt on its own structure can flow upstream with the rising tide to replenish the beach, thereby achieving a dynamic balance of sand transport from the beach and ensuring the stability of the river bank.
[0017] 2. The material of the upper structure of the protective structure is similar to that of the natural beach, which effectively avoids the local hydraulic phenomenon caused by the rigid structure; the arrangement of the dam head slightly curved towards the river bank avoids direct interaction with the water flow in a defensive manner on the one hand, and on the other hand, is conducive to increasing the circulation within the protective structure, thereby promoting siltation.
[0018] 3. The daily water level fluctuation of tidal rivers is large. The beach protection structure adopts a layered design based on the characteristics of different tide levels. The lower structure adopts riprap and mortar masonry to make the lower structure stable, while the upper structure is treated in its original ecological state. It not only meets the requirements of beach stability protection, but also has landscape diversity, creating a diverse ecological environment for the river bank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of an embodiment of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of section 1-1.
[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of section 2-2.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of another embodiment of the utility model.
[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross section of section 1-1.
[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross section of section 2-2.
[0025] The reference numerals in the figure represent:
[0026] 1. Dam root; 2. Dam body; 3. Dam head; 4. River bank; 5. Riprap layer; 6. Mortared stone layer; 7. Natural sand layer; 8. Planting soil layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0028] refer to Figure 1-6 A tidal river bank protection structure comprises a dam root 1, a dam body 2 and a dam head 3 in sequence, wherein the dam root 1 is connected to a river bank 4, the dam body 2 extends and bends from the dam root 1 to the river bank, the dam head 3 points to the river bank 4 connected to the dam root 1, and the lateral width of the cross section of the protection structure gradually narrows from the dam root 1 to the dam head 3, and the protection structure is arranged in the middle and downstream positions of the river bank.
[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the dam root 1 extends to the edge of the bank on the side of the river channel close to the protective structure, and then bends toward the upstream or downstream of the river channel.
[0030] In one implementation of the utility model, when the river channel is dominated by ebb tide, the dam root 1 bends toward the upstream of the river channel; when the river channel is dominated by flood tide, the dam root 1 bends toward the downstream of the river channel.
[0031] The tide can be determined by analyzing the dynamic control factors of the river flow in the beach area that needs to be protected, that is, whether the control of the river flow in the beach area that needs to be protected is mainly based on the rising tide or the falling tide, which can be obtained through on-site measurement of the rising and falling tide speeds or model tests or beach evolution analysis. For example: when the ebb tide speed is greater than the rising tide speed, the control of the river flow in the beach area that needs to be protected is mainly based on the ebb tide power, and when the rising tide speed is greater than the ebb tide speed, the control of the river flow in the beach area that needs to be protected is mainly based on the rising tide power; when the slope of the scour pit on the river bank is gentle on the upstream side and steep on the downstream side, the ebb tide is dominant, and when the slope of the scour pit on the river bank is steep on the upstream side and gentle on the downstream side, the rising tide is dominant.
[0032] Figure 1 and Figure 4The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the tidal current direction, and 1-1 and 2-2 are the dam root 1 and the dam head 3 respectively.
[0033] In one embodiment of the utility model, when the dam root 1 bends toward the upstream of the river channel, the angle between the direction of the dam head 3 and the direction of the water flow is greater than 90°, and when the dam root 1 bends toward the downstream of the river channel, the angle between the direction of the dam head 3 and the direction of the water flow is less than 90°.
[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the dam body 2 is in a crescent shape when viewed from above.
[0035] In one embodiment of the present utility model, the lateral width of the top of the dam root 1 is 3-5 m, and the lateral width of the top of the dam head 3 is 1-2 m.
[0036] In one embodiment of the utility model, the dam root 1, the dam body 2 and the dam head 3 are layered structures, which include a riprap layer 5, a mortar masonry layer 6 and a natural sand layer 7 from bottom to top.
[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the riprap layer 5 is arranged from the riverbed surface of the beach where the protective structure is located to the average low tide level.
[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mortar masonry layer 6 is arranged at a range from the average low tide level to the average tide level.
[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the natural sand layer 7 is arranged from the average tide level to the average high tide level.
[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, a planting soil layer 8 is further included. The planting soil layer 8 covers the natural sand layer 7, and aquatic vegetation is arranged on the planting soil layer.
[0041] The size of riprap is calculated according to the erosion-resistant particle size calculation formula recommended in the Code for Design of Embankment Engineering (GB50286-2013); the size of mortared stone can be determined with reference to the size of riprap; the size of natural sand is determined according to the particle size of bed sand in the beach area, and its median particle size should not be less than the median particle size of riverbed sediment in the beach area; aquatic vegetation should be selected from plants with well-developed root systems, a certain ability to resist water erosion, and the ability to adapt to a certain salinity environment.
[0042] The lower structure of the protective structure adopts riprap and mortar masonry to make the lower structure stable, while the upper structure is treated in its original ecological state. It not only meets the requirements of bank stability protection, but also has landscape diversity, creating a diverse ecological environment for the river bank.
[0043] The following are some embodiments of the present invention.
[0044] refer to Figure 1-3In one embodiment of the utility model, the river bank and beach elevation to be protected is between +1.0 and +10.8m. The edge of the bank and beach has scouring problems and needs to be protected. Based on the peak flow of each frequency calculated based on the measured data of previous years, the flow of a flood with a return period of 200 years is 38400m 3 / s, 100-year flood flow rate 35700m 3 / s, 50-year flood flow rate 32900m 3 / s, 20-year flood flow rate 29000m 3 / s, 10-year flood flow rate 25800m 3 / s, 5-year flood flow rate 22300m 3 / s; average flow rate over many years: 1694m 3 / s, average low tide level 3.49m, average tide level 4.20m, average high tide level 4.90m. The surface of the riverbed in the project area is covered with medium sand and fine sand (sand mixed with gravel under the local medium sand layer), with a layer thickness of 4 to 10m, and the bottom layer is silt. The lowest elevation of the riverbed bottom of this river section is about -9.6m, the beach elevation is about 1.0 to 10.8m, the flood level of this river section once in 100 years is 11 to 12m, the beach water depth is about 1 to 10m, and the median particle size of the riverbed sediment is d 50 =0.58mm. This area is mainly low tide, so the shore protection structure is arranged upstream of the tide. The plane layout is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the width of the dam root 1 is Figure 2 As shown, the lateral width of the top of the dam root 1 is 4.0m, the lateral width of the bottom of the dam root 1 is 9.6m, and the width of the dam head 3 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the lateral width of the top of the dam head 3 is 2.4m, the lateral width of the bottom of the dam head 3 is 6.4m, the riprap particle size is 0.05m, the size of the mortar masonry stone refers to the riprap size, and the natural sand particle size is 0.58mm.
[0045] refer to Figure 4-6 In another embodiment of the utility model, when the engineering area is mainly high tide, the shore protection structure is arranged downstream of the tide, and the plane layout is as follows Figure 4 The width of the dam root 1 is as shown in Figure 5 As shown, the lateral width of the top of the dam root 1 is 4.0m, the lateral width of the bottom of the dam root 1 is 9.6m, and the width of the dam head 3 is as follows Figure 6 As shown, the lateral width of the top of the dam head 3 is 2.4m, the lateral width of the bottom of the dam head 3 is 6.4m, the riprap particle size is 0.05m, the size of the mortar masonry stone refers to the riprap size, and the natural sand particle size is 0.58mm.
[0046] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A tidal river bank protection structure, characterized in that: The protective structure comprises a dam root (1), a dam body (2) and a dam head (3) in sequence, wherein the dam root (1) is connected to the river bank, the dam body (2) extends and bends from the dam root (1) toward the river bank, and the dam head (3) points to the river bank (4) connected to the dam root (1). The lateral width of the cross section of the protective structure gradually narrows from the dam root (1) toward the dam head (3), and the protective structure is arranged in the middle and downstream of the river bank.
2. The tidal river bank protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The dam root (1) extends to the edge of the bank on the side of the river channel close to the protective structure, and then bends toward the upstream or downstream of the river channel.
3. The tidal river bank protection structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the river channel is dominated by ebb tide, the dam root (1) bends toward the upstream of the river channel; when the river channel is dominated by flood tide, the dam root (1) bends toward the downstream of the river channel.
4. The tidal river bank protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The dam body (2) is in a crescent shape when viewed from above.
5. The tidal river bank protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lateral width of the top of the dam root (1) is 3-5 m, and the lateral width of the top of the dam head (3) is 1-2 m.
6. The tidal river bank protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dam root (1), dam body (2) and dam head (3) are layered structures, and include, from bottom to top, a riprap layer (5), a mortar-laid stone layer (6) and a natural sand layer (7).
7. The tidal river bank protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The riprap layer (5) is arranged from the riverbed surface of the beach where the protective structure is located to the average low tide level.
8. The tidal river bank protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mortar-made stone layer (6) is arranged from the average low tide level to the average tide level.
9. The tidal river bank protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The natural sand layer (7) is arranged at a level from the average tide level to the average high tide level.
10. The tidal river bank protection structure according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: It also comprises a planting soil layer (8), wherein the planting soil layer (8) covers the natural sand layer (7), and aquatic vegetation is arranged on the planting soil layer.