Device for adjusting air pressure at labyrinth sealing position

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for adjusting air pressure at a labyrinth sealing position, which relates to the field of pressure adjusting devices, and is arranged between a turbine disc and a rotor, a combined rotor cavity is arranged between the turbine disc and the rotor, one side of the combined rotor cavity is connected with a small ventilation hole, the small ventilation hole is communicated with a labyrinth, and the labyrinth is communicated with the combined rotor cavity. A fixed disc is arranged on the side, away from the small ventilation hole, of the combined rotor cavity, a sliding block is arranged at the joint of the combined rotor cavity and the small ventilation hole, an automatic adjusting device is arranged between the fixed disc and the sliding block, and through holes are formed in the fixed disc and the sliding block in the length direction of the combined rotor cavity; according to the device for adjusting the air pressure at the labyrinth sealing position, the air pressure at the labyrinth sealing position can be automatically adjusted according to the change of the working state of an engine, so that the pressure difference between the pressurized air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure is always kept within a certain pressure difference range, and therefore the lubricating oil is prevented from leaking, and air is prevented from being blown into a bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of pressure regulating devices, in particular to a device for regulating the air pressure at a comb tooth sealing position. Background Art

[0002] When the aircraft engine rotor is rotating, lubricating oil is generally used to support the lubrication and cooling of the rotor. In order to reuse the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil needs to be sealed to prevent leakage.

[0003] In the prior art, a sealing method of grate teeth sealing is often used, that is, when the rotor rotates, the pressure difference between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure is used to form a seal to prevent the leakage of lubricating oil. The boost air required for the grate teeth sealing must pass through the joint rotor cavity to reach the grate teeth sealing. Since the rotor rotates when the engine is working, when the engine working state changes, the oil pressure of the lubricating oil will also change; and the existing grate teeth sealing method does not have the function of adjusting the air pressure, resulting in the pressure difference between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure changing, which is easy to cause the leakage of lubricating oil or air blowing into the bearing, affecting the lubrication effect of the bearing; specifically, when the engine speed increases, the oil pressure of the lubricating oil will also increase. When the oil pressure of the lubricating oil is greater than the boost air pressure, it will cause the leakage of lubricating oil. When the pressure difference between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure is too large, gas will blow into the bearing, thereby affecting the lubrication effect of the bearing. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a device for adjusting the air pressure at the grate teeth seal, which can automatically adjust the air pressure at the grate teeth seal according to the change of the working state of the engine, so that the pressure difference between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure is always maintained within a certain pressure difference range, thereby preventing the leakage of lubricating oil and the occurrence of air blowing into the bearing.

[0005] The above-mentioned optimized structure of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme: a device for adjusting the air pressure at the grate tooth seal is arranged between the turbine disk and the rotor, a combined rotor cavity is arranged between the turbine disk and the rotor, one side of the combined rotor cavity is connected with a ventilation hole, the ventilation hole is connected with the grate teeth, a fixed disk is arranged on the side of the combined rotor cavity away from the ventilation hole, a slider is arranged at the connection between the combined rotor cavity and the ventilation hole, an automatic adjustment device is arranged between the fixed disk and the slider, through holes are arranged on the fixed disk and the slider, and the through holes are arranged along the length direction of the combined rotor cavity.

[0006] In some embodiments, the automatic adjustment device includes a telescopic rod, one end of the telescopic rod is coaxially connected to the fixed plate, and the other end of the telescopic rod is coaxially connected to the slider, at least two pull ropes are provided between the fixed plate and the slider, the two pull ropes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the telescopic rod, and a counterweight metal ball is provided on the pull rope.

[0007] In some embodiments, the telescopic rod includes a fixing portion, one end of which is coaxially connected to the fixing plate, and the other end of the fixing portion is coaxially inserted with a sliding portion, and the sliding portion is coaxially connected to the sliding block.

[0008] In some embodiments, a fixing groove is provided on a side of the fixing portion close to the sliding portion, a sliding groove is provided on a side of the sliding portion close to the fixing portion, and a telescopic spring is provided between the fixing groove and the sliding groove.

[0009] In some embodiments, outer walls on both sides of the telescopic rod are provided with threads, and the telescopic rod is threadedly engaged with the fixed plate and the sliding block.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thread direction of the telescopic rod is the same as the rotation direction of the rotor during operation.

[0011] In some embodiments, the slider is arranged in alignment with the ventilation hole, and the thickness of the slider is greater than the aperture of the ventilation hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the combined rotor cavity includes a fixing hole, which is provided on the turbine disk, in which the fixing disk is arranged, and a sliding hole is coaxially provided on the fixing hole, which is provided on the rotor, in which the slider is arranged.

[0013] In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The device for adjusting the air pressure at the grate teeth seal can change the rotation speed of the counterweight metal ball according to the change of the engine working state, thereby changing the centripetal force of the counterweight metal ball when it rotates, and under the elastic action of the telescopic spring, the position of the slider is changed, thereby realizing different openings of the ventilation holes, and then automatically adjusting the air pressure at the grate teeth seal, so that the pressure difference between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure is always maintained within a certain pressure difference range, thereby preventing the leakage of lubricating oil and the blowing of air into the bearing, and improving the operating stability and safety of the aircraft engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the telescopic rod of the utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1. fixed plate; 2. pull rope; 3. telescopic rod; 31. fixed part; 32. sliding part; 33. telescopic spring; 4. counterweight metal ball; 5. slider; 6. turbine disk; 7. ventilation holes; 8. comb teeth; 9. bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] refer to Figure 1-2 , a device for adjusting the air pressure at the grate teeth sealing part is arranged between the turbine disk and the rotor, the turbine disk is provided with a fixing hole, a fixing disk 1 is arranged in the fixing hole, a sliding hole is coaxially arranged in the fixing hole, a slider 5 is arranged in the sliding hole, the fixing hole and the sliding hole form a combined rotor cavity, a ventilation hole 7 is connected to one side of the combined rotor cavity, the ventilation hole 7 is connected to the grate teeth 8, a bearing is arranged on one side of the grate teeth 8, a fixing disk 1 is arranged on the side of the combined rotor cavity away from the ventilation hole 7, a slider 5 is arranged at the connection between the combined rotor cavity and the ventilation hole 7, the slider 5 can be arranged in the center of the ventilation hole 7, and the thickness of the slider 5 is greater than the aperture of the ventilation hole 7, so that when the rotor is not working, the slider 5 can completely block the ventilation hole 7, and can partially cover the ventilation hole 7 when the slider 5 moves; an automatic adjustment device is arranged between the fixing disk 1 and the slider 5, and through holes are arranged on the fixing disk 1 and the slider 5, and the through holes are arranged along the length direction of the combined rotor cavity to facilitate the flow of air in the combined rotor cavity.

[0020] The automatic adjustment device includes a telescopic rod 3, and the telescopic rod 3 includes a fixed part 31. One end of the fixed part 31 is coaxially connected to the fixed disk 1, and the other end of the fixed part 31 is coaxially inserted with a sliding part 32. The sliding part 32 can slide in the fixed part 31, and the sliding part 32 is coaxially connected to the slider 5. At least two pull ropes 2 are provided between the fixed disk 1 and the slider 5. The two pull ropes 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the telescopic rod 3. A counterweight metal ball 4 is provided on the pull rope 2. When the rotor rotates, the counterweight metal ball 4 will rotate with the rotor. The counterweight metal ball 4 is acted upon by centrifugal force, so that the pull rope 2 generates tension, so that an axial force is formed between the fixed part 31 and the sliding part 32, thereby driving the slider 5 to slide to a balanced position, thereby realizing the opening of the ventilation hole 7, realizing the air pressure at the sealing position of the comb teeth 8, so that the pressure difference between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure is always maintained within a certain pressure difference range, thereby preventing the leakage of lubricating oil and the blowing of air into the bearing 9.

[0021] In some embodiments, a fixing groove is provided on the side of the fixing portion 31 close to the sliding portion 32, and a sliding groove is provided on the side of the sliding portion 32 close to the fixing portion 31. A telescopic spring 33 is provided between the fixing groove and the sliding groove, which can jointly limit the radial movement between the fixing portion 31 and the sliding portion 32 with the counterweight metal ball 4, thereby limiting the moving range of the slider 5.

[0022] In some embodiments, threads are provided on the outer walls on both sides of the telescopic rod 3, and the telescopic rod 3 is threadedly matched with the fixed plate 1 and the slider 5 for easy disassembly and assembly. The thread direction of the telescopic rod 3 is the same as the rotation direction of the rotor when working. When the rotor rotates, the connection position between the telescopic rod 3 and the fixed plate 1 and the slider 5 can remain in the same state, thereby enhancing the connection stability.

[0023] The specific working principle is as follows:

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the direction of the arrow represents the direction of air. When the rotor rotates, air flow will pass through; the air flow will first pass through the vent hole of the fixed disk 1 to reach the combined rotor cavity where the fixed disk 1 and the slider 5 are located; the rotor rotates, the turbine disk drives the fixed disk 1 to rotate, the telescopic rod 3 and the slider 5 rotate accordingly, and the counterweight metal ball 4 rotates accordingly; the counterweight metal ball 4 generates centrifugal force as it rotates, and the slider 5 is pulled toward the fixed disk 1 by the action of the pull rope 2. The movement of the slider 5 affects the opening of the ventilation hole 7, and the air flow is determined according to the opening of the ventilation hole 7; the engine working state is different, the speed will be different, and the centrifugal force generated by the counterweight metal ball 4 following the rotation will also be different. The combined action of the centrifugal force and the spring force of the telescopic spring 33 makes the slider 5 in the combined rotor cavity at different positions, so that the opening of the ventilation hole 7 is different, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the boost air pressure at the sealing part of the grate teeth 8, and then the pressure difference between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure is always kept within a certain pressure difference range, thereby preventing the leakage of lubricating oil and the occurrence of air blowing into the bearing, and improving the operating stability and safety of the aircraft engine.

[0025] Specifically, when the rotor rotation speed increases, the oil pressure of the lubricating oil at the bearing increases accordingly. At this time, the rotation speed of the counterweight metal ball 4 also accelerates, the centrifugal force on the pull rope 2 increases, the force of the pull rope 2 is greater than the rebound force of the telescopic spring 33, and the slider 5 is pulled toward the fixed disk 1. The opening of the ventilation hole 7 increases, and the boost air pressure at the sealing point of the grate teeth 8 increases, thereby achieving a dynamic balance between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure; conversely, when the rotor rotation speed decreases, the oil pressure of the lubricating oil at the bearing decreases accordingly. At this time, the rotation speed of the counterweight metal ball 4 also slows down, the centrifugal force on the pull rope 2 decreases, and the rebound force of the telescopic spring 33 is greater than the centrifugal force, pushing the slider 5 away from the fixed disk 1, and the opening of the ventilation hole 7 decreases, so that the boost air pressure at the sealing point of the grate teeth 8 decreases, thereby achieving a dynamic balance between the boost air pressure and the lubricating oil pressure.

[0026] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for adjusting the air pressure at the grate teeth seal, arranged between a turbine disk and a rotor, wherein a combined rotor cavity is arranged between the turbine disk and the rotor, wherein one side of the combined rotor cavity is connected to a vent hole (7), and the vent hole (7) is connected to a grate teeth (8), characterized in that: A fixing plate (1) is provided on the side of the combined rotor cavity away from the ventilation hole (7), a sliding block (5) is provided at the connection between the combined rotor cavity and the ventilation hole (7), an automatic adjustment device is provided between the fixing plate (1) and the sliding block (5), and through holes are provided on the fixing plate (1) and the sliding block (5), and the through holes are arranged along the length direction of the combined rotor cavity.

2. A device for adjusting the air pressure at the sealing part of the comb teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic adjustment device comprises a telescopic rod (3), one end of the telescopic rod (3) is coaxially connected to the fixed plate (1), and the other end of the telescopic rod (3) is coaxially connected to the slider (5), at least two pull ropes (2) are provided between the fixed plate (1) and the slider (5), the two pull ropes (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the telescopic rod (3), and a counterweight metal ball (4) is provided on the pull rope (2).

3. A device for adjusting the air pressure at the sealing part of the comb teeth according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (3) comprises a fixing portion (31), one end of the fixing portion (31) being coaxially connected to the fixing plate (1), and the other end of the fixing portion (31) being coaxially inserted with a sliding portion (32), and the sliding portion (32) being coaxially connected to the sliding block (5).

4. A device for adjusting the air pressure at the comb teeth seal according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixing groove is provided on one side of the fixing portion (31) close to the sliding portion (32), a sliding groove is provided on one side of the sliding portion (32) close to the fixing portion (31), and a telescopic spring (33) is provided between the fixing groove and the sliding groove.

5. The device for adjusting the air pressure at the sealing part of the comb teeth according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer walls on both sides of the telescopic rod (3) are provided with threads, and the telescopic rod (3) is threadedly engaged with the fixed plate (1) and the sliding block (5).

6. The device for adjusting the air pressure at the comb teeth seal according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thread direction of the telescopic rod (3) is the same as the rotation direction of the rotor when it is working.

7. The device for adjusting the air pressure at the sealing part of the comb teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider (5) is arranged in alignment with the ventilation hole (7), and the thickness of the slider (5) is greater than the diameter of the ventilation hole (7).

8. The device for adjusting the air pressure at the sealing part of the comb teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined rotor cavity comprises a fixing hole, the fixing hole is arranged on the turbine disk, the fixing disk (1) is arranged in the fixing hole, the fixing hole is coaxially provided with a sliding hole, the sliding hole is arranged on the rotor, and the sliding block (5) is arranged in the sliding hole.

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