Crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline heating system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline heating system, which is characterized in that a photovoltaic solar power generation device and a control device are arranged in the system, a heat exchange coil pipe I is arranged in a heating device I, and a superconducting liquid circulation pipeline is arranged in an evaporator; an outlet of the first heat exchange coil pipe is sequentially connected with an inlet of the evaporator, a superconducting liquid circulation pipeline provided with heat absorption pieces, an outlet of the evaporator, the compressor and an inlet of the first heat exchange coil pipe to form a superconducting liquid circulation channel. The compressor and the temperature sensor are connected with an automatic control module in the control device through cables. According to the crude oil conveying system, multiple devices coping with environmental conditions and temperatures are provided, the application range is wide, stable conveying of crude oil can be achieved, normal operation of crude oil conveying equipment is guaranteed, crude oil conveying efficiency is improved, crude oil conveying cost is reduced, economic benefits are improved, and the crude oil conveying system has good using effect and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a gathering and transportation pipeline heating facility in the petrochemical industry, in particular to a crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline heating system. Background Art

[0002] In the process of oil extraction, crude oil gathering and transportation is an important link, and the two factors that determine the quality of crude oil gathering and transportation are the collection and transportation of oil and gas.

[0003] In the process of oil transportation, the technology currently adopted is to connect through the pipeline network to improve the transportation efficiency of oil and reduce the loss of oil during transportation. Since crude oil often contains a large amount of colloid, asphalt, wax and other substances, during the transportation process, crude oil adheres to the pipe wall, which reduces the pipeline transportation area and is prone to condensation. In addition, due to external environmental reasons, if the gathering pressure of the well site pipeline is too high, the efficiency of crude oil gathering will be reduced. Therefore, in order to change the environment of the oil pipeline and improve production efficiency, pipeline heating has been applied to oil production in high-altitude cold areas. By heating the crude oil in the pipeline, increasing the transportation temperature, and reducing the viscosity of crude oil, the pipeline transportation pressure can be reduced to achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency of crude oil transportation.

[0004] At present, the most commonly used crude oil heating device is the water jacket furnace. The water jacket furnace is used to heat the incoming crude oil at the gathering and transportation station to increase the temperature of the incoming oil. Its working principle is as follows:

[0005] The oil-gas separator is installed at the oil inlet of the conveying pipeline. The separated associated gas is burned by the burner of the water jacket furnace to increase the water temperature of the water jacket furnace; the crude oil is heated by the heat exchange coil in the water jacket furnace and the hot water in the furnace is heated.

[0006] After searching, in addition to the conventional water jacket furnace, there are also the following heating devices for crude oil pipelines:

[0007] Publication (announcement) number: CN201497192U discloses a vertical atmospheric pressure water jacket heating furnace, which consists of a furnace, a water jacket, a smoke pipe, a heating coil and a chimney. The furnace is equipped with a grate and a manual slag remover, and is provided with a gas reserved port. The collecting and distributing smoke pipe passes through the upper and lower ends of the water jacket. The heating coil composed of an oil-through coil outer pipe and an oil-through coil center pipe is installed in the water jacket. The heating coil inlet and the coil outlet are respectively connected to the wellhead and the oil pipeline. It can realize dual-fuel heating of coal and associated gas, has a large heat transfer area, and has high thermal efficiency. The combustion temperature is controlled by adjusting the chimney and the air inlet valve, and can adapt to the needs of oil wells and metering stations with different oil outputs.

[0008] The above patented technology is affected by the attenuation of associated gas and has the following defects: during winter production, the amount of associated gas separated from the oil and gas separator is unstable, the water jacket furnace cannot work continuously and stably, and the furnace is often stopped during production, requiring operators to conduct frequent inspections and repeatedly start heating, wasting manpower and material resources. Due to the above reasons, if the staff fails to find it in time, it will be difficult to transport crude oil at the least, and even cause the heating pipelines and other facilities in the station to freeze and crack, causing failures.

[0009] Publication (Announcement) No.: CN205037073U discloses an oilfield production and gathering pipeline heating device, including an oil pipe, a heat exchange pipe, a circulation pipe, a safety control valve, a solar collector, a heating furnace, a heat storage tank, a temperature control valve, and a circulation pump. A heat exchange pipe is arranged on the outside of the oil pipe, and the heat exchange pipe is connected to the solar collector through a circulation pipe. The solar collector is connected to the heat storage tank, and the solar collector is connected to the heating furnace. A safety control valve is arranged on the circulation pipe, a circulation pump is arranged on the circulation pipeline, and a temperature control valve is arranged on the outlet of the heating furnace. The solar collector and the heating furnace are combined for heating to reduce the cost of crude oil production and operation and achieve the purpose of safe gathering and transportation.

[0010] The above patented technology uses solar energy to heat the crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline, which is energy-saving, environmentally friendly and has significant effects. However, since the heating effect of solar energy is greatly affected by the environment, when the lighting effect is poor, the crude oil cannot obtain sufficient heating energy, which affects the crude oil gathering and transportation effect.

[0011] With the rise of new energy and the country's emphasis on environmental protection and carbon reduction production, in the field of crude oil gathering and transportation, it is necessary to reduce energy consumption and use clean energy, while ensuring the heating effect of crude oil transportation. It is necessary to improve the crude oil transportation heating facilities. Summary of the invention

[0012] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a crude oil gathering pipeline heating system to achieve stable transportation of crude oil, ensure the normal operation of crude oil transportation equipment, improve crude oil transportation efficiency, reduce crude oil transportation costs, and improve economic benefits.

[0013] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a crude oil gathering pipeline heating system is provided with a heating device 1, in which a heat exchange coil 1 is installed, wherein: a photovoltaic solar power generation device is connected with an inverter and a solar circuit breaker in sequence, and is respectively connected in parallel with a control device in the grid power line behind a transformer and a grid power circuit breaker; a superconducting liquid circulation pipeline is provided in an evaporator; an outlet of the heat exchange coil 1 is connected with an evaporator inlet, a superconducting liquid circulation pipeline equipped with a heat absorber, an evaporator outlet, a compressor and an inlet of the heat exchange coil 1 in sequence to form a superconducting liquid circulation channel; the heating device 1 is connected in series in the crude oil gathering pipeline, and a temperature sensor is installed outside the crude oil outlet of the heating device 1; the compressor and the temperature sensor are connected with an automatic control module in the control device through cables.

[0014] Preferably, the heating device is provided with more than one group of electric heaters, and the electric heaters are connected to the automatic control module in the control device through cables; the pipelines of the superconducting liquid circulation channel on both sides of the evaporator are respectively equipped with an evaporator inlet gate and an evaporator outlet gate; the evaporator inlet gate and the evaporator outlet gate are electric gates or manual gates.

[0015] Preferably, the superconducting liquid circulation pipeline in the evaporator is a U-shaped continuous pipeline, and a heat absorbing sheet is arranged outside the long pipe section in the U-shaped continuous pipeline, one end of the U-shaped continuous pipeline is the evaporator inlet, and the other end is the evaporator outlet; the heat absorbing sheet is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity.

[0016] Preferably, a fan is provided outside the superconducting liquid circulation pipeline in the evaporator, and the fan is connected to the automatic control module in the control device through a cable.

[0017] Preferably, a second heating device is connected in parallel outside the pipeline of the superconducting liquid circulation channel of the evaporator, and a second heating device inlet gate and a second heating device outlet gate are respectively installed in the pipeline of the superconducting liquid circulation channel on both sides of the second heating device.

[0018] Preferably: the second heating device is mainly composed of a heating shell and a second heat exchange coil, wherein: the second heat exchange coil is fixed in the heating shell; the second heat exchange coil is provided with a second heat exchange coil inlet and a second heat exchange coil outlet and are respectively connected to the pipeline in the superconducting liquid circulation channel; the heating shell is provided with a circulating liquid inlet and a circulating liquid outlet, the circulating liquid inlet can be connected to the crude oil outlet, and the circulating liquid outlet can be connected to the crude oil gathering pipeline.

[0019] Preferably, the circulating liquid inlet and circulating liquid outlet in the heating shell can also be connected to the outlet and inlet of the underground hot water circulation pipeline of the geothermal well respectively, and a circulating pump is installed in the underground hot water circulation pipeline of the geothermal well; the circulating pump is connected to the automatic control module in the control device through a cable.

[0020] Preferably, the circulation pump is installed in an underground hot water circulation pipeline close to the circulating liquid inlet.

[0021] Preferably, the underground hot water circulation pipeline is a U-shaped staggered parallel pipeline.

[0022] Preferably, more than one geothermal well is provided; when multiple geothermal wells are provided, the geothermal wells are connected in parallel with the underground hot water circulation pipeline through geothermal well connecting pipelines.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The utility model uses an evaporator and a geothermal well, and adopts two clean energies, air thermal energy and geothermal energy, as the main heating energy.

[0025] 2. The utility model also applies photovoltaic power generation to assist heating, realizing multi-energy complementary heating, which reduces the consumption of associated gas or natural gas and ensures the heating effect of crude oil.

[0026] 3. The automatic control module in the control device can monitor the heating effect in real time, realize the organic coordination between multiple energy sources, and ensure the continuous heating effect of crude oil.

[0027] 4. The utility model has many devices for dealing with environmental conditions and temperatures, and is applicable to a wide area. It can achieve stable transportation of crude oil, ensure the normal operation of crude oil transportation equipment, improve crude oil transportation efficiency, reduce crude oil transportation costs, and improve economic benefits. It has good use effect and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a working principle diagram of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front view of the evaporator.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of the evaporator.

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heating device 2.

[0033] In the figure: crude oil inlet 1, heating device 1 2, electric heater 3, heat exchange coil 1 4, crude oil outlet 5, compressor 6; evaporator 7, evaporator inlet 7.1, superconducting liquid circulation pipeline 7.2, heat absorbing sheet 7.3, evaporator outlet 7.4, fan 7.5; evaporator inlet gate 8, evaporator outlet gate 9; heating device 2 10, circulating liquid inlet 10.1, heating shell 10.2, heat exchange coil 2 inlet 10.3, heat exchange coil 2 outlet 10.4, heat exchange coil 2 10.5, circulating liquid outlet 10.6; heating device 2 inlet gate 11, heating device 2 outlet gate 12, circulating pump 13, geothermal well 14, photovoltaic solar power generation device 15, inverter 16, solar circuit breaker 17, grid power circuit breaker 18, transformer 19, grid power 20, temperature sensor 21, control device 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The accompanying drawings are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] See also Figure 1 - Figure 4A crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline heating system is provided with a heating device 2, in which a heat exchange coil 4 is installed, wherein: a photovoltaic solar power generation device 15 is connected with an inverter 16 and a solar circuit breaker 17 in sequence, and is connected in parallel with a control device 22 in the line of a transformer 19 and a grid power 20 behind a grid power circuit breaker 18; a superconducting liquid circulation pipeline 7.2 is provided in an evaporator 7; an outlet of the heat exchange coil 4 is connected with an evaporator inlet 7.1, a superconducting liquid circulation pipeline 7.2 equipped with a heat absorbing sheet 7.3, an evaporator outlet 7.4, a compressor 6 and an inlet of the heat exchange coil 4 in sequence to form a superconducting liquid circulation channel; the heating device 2 is connected in series in the crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline, and a temperature sensor 21 is installed outside the crude oil outlet 5 of the heating device 2; the compressor 6 and the temperature sensor 21 are connected to an automatic control module in the control device 22 through cables.

[0038] In order to overcome the defect of unstable crude oil transportation in the prior art, the utility model uses superconducting liquid for circulation in the heat exchange coil 4 in the heating device 2 and the superconducting liquid circulation pipeline 7.2 of the evaporator 7, and uses the compressor 6 to provide power for the circulation of the superconducting liquid to form a superconducting liquid circulation channel. The compressor 6 can adjust the displacement through the automatic control module in the control device 22. The automatic control module includes a PLC or a microcontroller, which can be selected and customized.

[0039] The heating device 2 in the utility model is connected in series in the crude oil gathering pipeline. The crude oil in the crude oil gathering pipeline enters from the crude oil inlet 1 of the heating device 2, passes through the heat exchange coil 4 and the superconducting liquid in the superconducting liquid circulation pipeline 7.2 of the evaporator 7, and then flows out from the crude oil outlet 5. A temperature sensor 21 is installed outside the crude oil outlet 5, and the temperature of the crude oil outlet 5 is transmitted to the automatic control module of the control device 22 through a cable at any time. The automatic control module of the control device 22 adjusts the displacement of the compressor 6 according to the set delivery temperature.

[0040] In order to realize the stable transportation of crude oil, the utility model utilizes the power of photovoltaic solar power generation device 15 and grid power 20, uses evaporator 7 at the same time, and uses superconducting liquid to circulate in heat exchange coil 4 in heating device 2. The energy of superconducting liquid absorbs the heat of the external environment through heat absorption sheet 7.3 in evaporator 7, fully utilizes the heat energy of air and solar energy, and can ensure the normal operation of crude oil transportation equipment. The transportation efficiency of crude oil is improved, the cost of crude oil transportation is reduced, and the economic benefits are improved.

[0041] Based on the above embodiment 1, the utility model also has the following embodiments:

[0042] A preferred embodiment: the heating device 2 is provided with more than one set of electric heaters 3, and the electric heaters 3 are connected to the automatic control module in the control device 22 through cables; the pipelines of the superconducting liquid circulation channel on both sides of the evaporator 7 are respectively equipped with an evaporator inlet gate 8 and an evaporator outlet gate 9; the evaporator inlet gate 8 and the evaporator outlet gate 9 are electric gates or manual gates, which can determine whether to use the evaporator 7 or not according to the temperature and the use of the device in the utility model, so as to realize the opening and closing of the evaporator 7. When the electric gate is used, it is connected to the automatic control module in the control device 22 through cables. When the ambient temperature is low and the superconducting liquid cannot obtain enough heat from the external environment, the electric heater 3 can be used to directly heat the crude oil, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the gathering and transportation work.

[0043] A preferred embodiment: the superconducting liquid circulation pipeline 7.2 in the evaporator 7 is a U-shaped continuous pipeline, a heat absorbing sheet 7.3 is arranged outside the long pipe section in the U-shaped continuous pipeline, one end of the U-shaped continuous pipeline is the evaporator inlet 7.1, and the other end is the evaporator outlet 7.4; the heat absorbing sheet 7.3 is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity. The metal materials that can be used to make the heat absorbing sheet 7.3 include stainless steel, copper, aluminum, silver, etc.

[0044] A preferred embodiment: a fan 7.5 is provided outside the superconducting liquid circulation pipeline 7.2 in the evaporator 7, and the fan 7.5 is connected to the automatic control module in the control device 22 via a cable. The hot air in the air is used to heat the superconducting liquid, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the evaporator 7.

[0045] A preferred embodiment: a second heating device 10 is also connected in parallel to the outside of the pipeline of the superconducting liquid circulation channel of the evaporator 7, and a second heating device inlet gate 11 and a second heating device outlet gate 12 are respectively installed in the pipeline of the superconducting liquid circulation channel on both sides of the second heating device 10. In order to cope with the change and sudden decrease of the ambient temperature and further improve the transportation efficiency and effect of crude oil, this embodiment further connects a group of second heating devices 10 in parallel in the superconducting liquid circulation channel. When the external environment heat cannot meet the heating requirements, the second heating device 10 is started to jointly heat the crude oil.

[0046] A preferred embodiment: the heating device 10 is mainly composed of a heating shell 10.2 and a heat exchange coil 10.5, wherein: the heat exchange coil 10.5 is fixed in the heating shell 10.2; the heat exchange coil 10.5 is provided with a heat exchange coil 10.3 and a heat exchange coil 10.4 and are respectively connected to the pipeline in the superconducting liquid circulation channel; the heating shell 10.2 is provided with a circulating liquid inlet 10.1 and a circulating liquid outlet 10.6, the circulating liquid inlet 10.1 can be connected to the crude oil outlet 5, and the circulating liquid outlet 10.6 can be connected to the crude oil gathering pipeline.

[0047] A preferred embodiment: the circulating liquid inlet 10.1 and the circulating liquid outlet 10.6 in the heating shell 10.2 can also be connected to the outlet and inlet of the underground hot water circulation pipeline of the geothermal well 14 respectively, and a circulating pump 13 is installed in the underground hot water circulation pipeline of the geothermal well 14; the circulating pump 13 is connected to the automatic control module in the control device 22 through a cable. In order to better improve the stability of crude oil transportation and ensure the normal operation of the crude oil transportation equipment. The circulating liquid inlet 10.1 and the circulating liquid outlet 10.6 in this embodiment are not connected to the crude oil outlet 5 and the crude oil gathering pipeline, but are connected to the outlet and inlet of the underground hot water circulation pipeline of the geothermal well 14 respectively, and can cope with the severe external environment and severe cold through the underground hot water of the geothermal well 14, and further improve the transportation efficiency of crude oil.

[0048] A preferred embodiment: the circulation pump 13 is installed in the underground hot water circulation pipeline close to the circulating liquid inlet 10.1.

[0049] A preferred embodiment: the underground hot water circulation pipeline is a U-shaped staggered parallel pipeline.

[0050] A preferred embodiment: the geothermal well 14 is arranged at least one; when multiple geothermal wells 14 are arranged, the geothermal wells 14 are connected in parallel with the underground hot water circulation pipeline through geothermal well connecting pipelines.

[0051] In order to ensure the stable transportation of crude oil and the normal operation of the transportation equipment, the utility model provides a variety of guarantee methods for heating crude oil:

[0052] In the summer in the southern region and the north, the use of the utility model can ensure the normal transportation of crude oil by only using the heating device 2 using the superconducting liquid circulation and the evaporator 7.

[0053] In the spring and autumn in the north, adding another set of heating devices 10 can cope with the ambient temperature of the corresponding season and ensure the normal transportation of crude oil.

[0054] In the cold winter in the north, the underground hot water resources provided by the geothermal well 14 can be used to further increase the temperature of the crude oil in the crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline.

[0055] When the ambient temperature is low and the superconducting liquid cannot obtain enough heat from the external environment, or when the geothermal well 14 needs to be repaired or fails, the electric heater 3 can be used to directly heat the crude oil to ensure the normal operation of the gathering and transportation work.

[0056] In order to realize energy conservation and environmental protection in the whole process of crude oil heating, the utility model uses a photovoltaic solar power generation device 15 to generate electricity for use by the electric heater 3. When the electric heater 3 is not in use, the generated electricity is used for other electrical equipment, such as a compressor 6 and a circulating pump 13.

[0057] The method of using this heating system is as follows:

[0058] When the outside temperature is high, the evaporator inlet gate 8 and the evaporator outlet gate 9 are opened, and the heating device second inlet gate 11 and the heating device second outlet gate 12 are closed.

[0059] The crude oil enters the heating device 2 from the crude oil inlet 1, the compressor 6 is started, the evaporator 7 works, the superconducting liquid absorbs heat through the heat absorbing sheet 7.3, the compressor 6 allows the superconducting liquid to enter the heating device 2 to exchange heat with the crude oil, release heat, and thus heat the crude oil. The heated crude oil enters the gathering pipeline through the crude oil outlet 5.

[0060] When the outside temperature is low, close the evaporator inlet gate 8 and the evaporator outlet gate 9, open the heating device 2 inlet gate 11 and the heating device 2 outlet gate 12, and the crude oil enters the heating device 2 from the crude oil inlet 1. Start the circulation pump 13 to circulate the underground hot water in the geothermal well 14, and the high-temperature circulating liquid enters the heating device 2 10. Start the compressor 6, the heating device 2 10 works, and the superconducting liquid enters the heating device 2 10 from the heat exchange coil 2 inlet 10.3, enters the heat exchange coil 2 10.5 through the superconducting liquid, exchanges heat with the underground hot water circulation in the geothermal well 14, absorbs heat, flows out from the heat exchange coil 2 outlet 10.4, passes through the compressor 6, enters the heating device 2 to exchange heat with the crude oil, releases heat, and heats the crude oil.

[0061] When the control system 22 detects that the value of the temperature sensor 21 is lower than the set value, the control system 22 automatically starts the electric heater 3 to heat the crude oil together with the superconducting liquid.

[0062] The control system 22 can adjust the displacement of the compressor 6 and the circulation pump 13 by detecting the value of the temperature sensor 21 .

[0063] The photovoltaic solar power generation device 15 generates electricity through light, and the electric energy is connected to the grid power 20 after passing through the inverter 16, and together supplies power to the electric heater 3, the compressor 6, the circulating pump 13, etc.

[0064] The embodiments described above are only typical embodiments, but the utility model is not limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make modifications without departing from the spirit and enlightenment of the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or to replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the creative spirit and creative concept of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope is not limited to the above description.

Claims

1. A crude oil gathering and transportation pipeline heating system, comprising a heating device 1, wherein a heat exchange coil 1 is installed in the heating device 1, and wherein the heating device 1 is characterized by: The photovoltaic solar power generation device is connected to the inverter and the solar circuit breaker in sequence, and then connected in parallel with the control device in the grid power line behind the transformer and the grid power circuit breaker; a superconducting liquid circulation pipeline is provided in the evaporator; the outlet of the heat exchange coil 1 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator, the superconducting liquid circulation pipeline equipped with a heat absorber, the outlet of the evaporator, the compressor and the inlet of the heat exchange coil 1 in sequence to form a superconducting liquid circulation channel; the heating device 1 is connected in series in the crude oil gathering pipeline, and a temperature sensor is installed outside the crude oil outlet of the heating device 1; the compressor and the temperature sensor are connected to the automatic control module in the control device through cables.

2. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device is provided with more than one set of electric heaters, and the electric heaters are connected to the automatic control module in the control device through cables; the pipelines of the superconducting liquid circulation channel on both sides of the evaporator are respectively equipped with an evaporator inlet gate and an evaporator outlet gate; the evaporator inlet gate and the evaporator outlet gate are electric gates or manual gates.

3. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The superconducting liquid circulation pipeline in the evaporator is a U-shaped continuous pipeline, and a heat absorbing sheet is arranged outside the long pipe section in the U-shaped continuous pipeline. One end of the U-shaped continuous pipeline is the evaporator inlet and the other end is the evaporator outlet; the heat absorbing sheet is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity.

4. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A fan is arranged outside the superconducting liquid circulation pipeline in the evaporator, and the fan is connected to the automatic control module in the control device through a cable.

5. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that A second heating device is also connected in parallel to the outside of the pipeline of the superconducting liquid circulation channel of the evaporator, and a second heating device inlet gate and a second heating device outlet gate are respectively installed in the pipeline of the superconducting liquid circulation channel on both sides of the second heating device.

6. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The second heating device is mainly composed of a heating shell and a second heat exchange coil, wherein: the second heat exchange coil is fixed in the heating shell; the second heat exchange coil is provided with a second heat exchange coil inlet and a second heat exchange coil outlet and are respectively connected to the pipeline in the superconducting liquid circulation channel; the heating shell is provided with a circulating liquid inlet and a circulating liquid outlet, the circulating liquid inlet can be connected to the crude oil outlet, and the circulating liquid outlet can be connected to the crude oil gathering pipeline.

7. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The circulating liquid inlet and circulating liquid outlet in the heating shell can also be connected to the outlet and inlet of the underground hot water circulation pipeline of the geothermal well respectively. A circulating pump is installed in the underground hot water circulation pipeline of the geothermal well; the circulating pump is connected to the automatic control module in the control device through a cable.

8. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The circulation pump is installed in an underground hot water circulation pipeline close to the circulation liquid inlet.

9. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The underground hot water circulation pipeline is a U-shaped staggered parallel pipeline.

10. A crude oil gathering pipeline heating system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The geothermal wells are arranged at least one; when multiple geothermal wells are arranged, the geothermal wells are connected in parallel through geothermal well connecting pipelines and then connected to the underground hot water circulation pipeline.

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