Lubricating device of sliding bearing

Abstract

The lubricating device comprises a shaft, an upper bearing is arranged on the outer side of the shaft, an oil tank is arranged below the right side of the shaft, a low-pressure oil line is installed in the upper bearing, the lower end of the right side of the low-pressure oil line is connected with a low-pressure pump, and the bottom end of the low-pressure oil line is located in the oil tank. An overflow valve is connected to one side of the low-pressure oil line, the bottom end of the overflow valve extends into the oil tank, the overflow valve is located on the right side of the low-pressure pump, a thermometer is arranged at the position, at the left end of the upper bearing, of the lower end of the shaft, and the middle position of the bottom end of the upper bearing is connected into the oil tank through the oil line. A pressure gauge is arranged on a connecting oil line of the upper bearing and the oil tank, and a cooler is installed in the center of the bottom end in the oil tank. According to the utility model, the bearing of the large-scale equipment is ensured to be well lubricated in the operation process, so that the bearing and a shaft are prevented from being damaged, large equipment accidents are further caused, equipment damage and production interruption are caused, and heavy loss is caused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to a lubricating device for a sliding bearing. Background Art

[0002] Bearings are a common and important part in mechanical equipment. Bearings are generally divided into two categories: sliding bearings and rolling bearings. Their main function is to support the radial load or axial load of the mechanical rotating body and ensure its rotation accuracy. In order to reduce friction and wear during bearing movement and extend its service life, bearings must be well lubricated during operation. There are three lubrication states for bearings: dry lubrication, boundary lubrication and fluid lubrication.

[0003] In metallurgical equipment, such as the lubricating mill used in the sintering ball making process, the ball mill used in the mineral processing process, etc., it is a rotating equipment with a considerable size and weight, weighing tens of tons or even hundreds of tons. During its operation, especially at the starting and stopping stages, due to excessive load, large speed changes, unstable load, large vibration and impact, etc., simply using static pressure sliding bearings or dynamic pressure sliding bearings cannot form a sufficiently thick oil film, and even the formed oil film may be crushed, causing the bearing to partially form a dry lubrication or boundary lubrication state, resulting in bearing damage and the equipment cannot operate normally. Under such special working conditions, a special lubrication method must be adopted to ensure normal lubrication of the equipment. Therefore, the present invention provides a lubrication device for sliding bearings to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a lubricating device for a sliding bearing to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: a lubricating device for a sliding bearing, comprising:

[0006] A shaft, an upper bearing is arranged on the outer side of the shaft, an oil tank is arranged at the lower right side of the shaft, a low-pressure oil circuit is installed in the upper bearing, a low-pressure pump is connected to the lower right side of the low-pressure oil circuit, and the bottom end of the low-pressure oil circuit is in the oil tank, an overflow valve is connected to one side of the low-pressure oil circuit, and the bottom end of the overflow valve extends into the oil tank, and the overflow valve is located to the right of the low-pressure pump;

[0007] A temperature gauge is provided at the lower end of the shaft at the left end of the upper bearing, the middle position of the bottom end of the upper bearing is connected to the oil tank through an oil line, and a pressure gauge is provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing and the oil tank;

[0008] A cooler is installed at the center of the bottom end of the oil tank, and a filter with a protruding structure is provided on the left side of the oil tank.

[0009] Preferably, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first one-way valve is provided on the right side of the low-pressure oil circuit above the low-pressure pump.

[0010] Preferably, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the pressure regulating valve provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing and the oil tank is located above the oil tank.

[0011] Preferably, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the second one-way valve provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing and the oil tank is located on the right side of the pressure gauge.

[0012] Preferably, as a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a high-pressure pump is provided at the left side of the pressure regulating valve, and the upper end of the high-pressure pump is connected to the oil circuit at the upper end of the pressure regulating valve through an oil circuit, and the bottom end of the high-pressure pump is connected to the oil tank through the oil circuit.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: ensuring that the bearings of large equipment are well lubricated during operation, avoiding damage to the bearings and shafts, and thus major equipment accidents, leading to equipment damage and production interruptions, causing significant losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lubrication of the sliding bearing of the utility model.

[0015] In the figure: 1. low-pressure oil circuit; 2. upper bearing; 3. shaft; 4. first one-way valve; 5. high-pressure pump; 6. pressure regulating valve; 7. low-pressure pump; 8. overflow valve; 9. filter; 10. oil tank; 11. cooler; 12. second one-way valve; 13. pressure gauge; 14. temperature gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] In the description of the present utility model, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium. It can be a connection between the two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The meaning of "multiple" in the present utility model is two or more, and unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited, they all fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0019] Example: Figure 1 , the utility model provides a technical solution: including:

[0020] A shaft 3, an upper bearing 2 is arranged on the outer side of the shaft 3, an oil tank 10 is arranged at the lower right side of the shaft 3, a low-pressure oil circuit 1 is installed in the upper bearing 2, a low-pressure pump 7 is connected to the lower right side of the low-pressure oil circuit 1, and the bottom end of the low-pressure oil circuit 1 is in the oil tank 10, a relief valve 8 is connected to one side of the low-pressure oil circuit 1, and the bottom end of the relief valve 8 extends into the oil tank 10, and the relief valve 8 is located to the right of the low-pressure pump 7;

[0021] A temperature gauge 14 is provided at the lower end of the shaft 3 at the left end of the upper bearing 2. The middle of the bottom end of the upper bearing 2 is connected to the oil tank 10 through an oil line. A pressure gauge 13 is provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing 2 and the oil tank 10.

[0022] A cooler 11 is installed at the center of the bottom end of the oil tank 10 , and a filter 9 with a protruding structure is provided on the left side of the oil tank 10 .

[0023] A first one-way valve 4 is provided on the right side of the low-pressure oil circuit 1 above the low-pressure pump 7 .

[0024] The pressure regulating valve 6 provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing 2 and the oil tank 10 is located above the oil tank 10 .

[0025] The second one-way valve 12 provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing 2 and the oil tank 10 is located at the right side of the pressure gauge 13 .

[0026] A high-pressure pump 5 is provided at the left side of the pressure regulating valve 6 , and the upper end of the high-pressure pump 5 is connected to the oil circuit at the upper end of the pressure regulating valve 6 through an oil circuit, and the lower end of the high-pressure pump 5 is connected to the oil tank 10 through an oil circuit.

[0027] Working principle: Add a jacking system to the normal lubrication oil supply system, and its principle is as follows: before the equipment starts, the low-pressure pump 7 runs first, and the lubricating oil is sent from the bearing cover to the upper oil chamber of the bearing. At this time, due to the heavy weight of the equipment, the lower part of the bearing is not pressed with lubricating oil, and the static pressure lubrication bearing state cannot be formed. The shaft and the bearing are in direct contact, forming a dry lubrication state. If the car is turned at this time, the bearing will be scratched. After the low-pressure pump is started, the high-pressure jacking pump is started again, and the shaft is lifted by high oil pressure. The lifting height is about 0.1-0.5mm. The high-pressure lubricating oil enters the gap between the bearing and the shaft to form a sufficiently thick oil film thickness. To ensure that the shaft can be lifted, the following formula must be satisfied:

[0028] ΔP=P1-P2≥mg / nлr2

[0029] Where ΔP is the pressure difference, P1 is the high-pressure oil pump pressure, P2 is the low-pressure oil pump pressure, mg is the total weight of the equipment, n is the number of oil controls, and лr2 is the oil cavity area of ​​the high-pressure oil delivery hole.

[0030] To test the lifting effect, a dial indicator can be installed on the upper part of the shaft after the lifting oil pump is started to measure the specific lifting value. Only when the lifting value is greater than 0.1mm can a sufficiently thick oil film be formed between the shaft and the bearing to protect the bearing. If the lifting value does not meet the standard, measures such as adjusting the pressure regulating valve, increasing the number of lifting oil controls, or reducing the area of ​​the oil outlet cavity, that is, reducing the radius r of the oil outlet hole, can be taken.

[0031] After the low-pressure oil pump is running, the jacking pump is operated. The shaft is lifted by relying on the jacking system, and the lubricating oil is forced into the gap between the bearing and the shaft to form a fluid oil film of sufficient thickness. Then the equipment is started, that is, during the starting stage, static pressure lubrication is forced to be formed under the intervention of the jacking pump. After the equipment reaches the rated speed and the speed is high enough, the jacking pump is stopped, and the shaft neck is formed with the help of the equipment's own speed to achieve the dynamic pressure lubrication condition and form dynamic pressure lubrication to ensure that the bearing is well lubricated. The parking stage is the same as the starting stage. Before parking, the jacking pump is started first, and then the rotating equipment is powered off. At this time, the speed of the equipment gradually decreases under the action of inertia until it stops. At this time, the dynamic pressure lubrication condition is no longer available, and static pressure lubrication is formed by the intervention of the jacking pump. After the equipment stops running completely, the low-pressure pump and the jacking pump are stopped, that is, static pressure lubrication is formed by the intervention of the jacking pump during the starting and parking stages of the equipment, and dynamic pressure lubrication is formed after the equipment is operating normally. It is a lubrication method that combines dynamic pressure and static pressure.

[0032] To ensure the implementation of this lubrication technology, the following points should be noted.

[0033] 1. The high-pressure pump and low-pressure pump in the lubrication system must be equipped with a pressure regulating valve to adjust the oil pressure and ensure the stability of the oil pressure to ensure the formation of a stable and continuous lubricating oil liquid.

[0034] 2. Selection of hydraulic pumps. According to the structural form and movement mode, hydraulic pumps can be divided into gear pumps, vane pumps, plunger pumps and screw pumps. Low-pressure pumps can be gear pumps, and high-pressure pumps can be plunger pumps. They must be unidirectional quantitative pumps to ensure continuous and stable lubricating oil.

[0035] 3. The lubricating oil must be a lubricating oil with high viscosity and added with extreme pressure additives. Under harsh working conditions such as high temperature, heavy load, vibration and impact, that is, under extreme pressure conditions, the oil film is easy to rupture. If substances containing active elements such as sulfur, phosphorus, and chlorine are added to the lubricating oil, these substances called extreme pressure additives can react chemically on the metal surface to form a layer of firmly attached chemical reaction film. This film has a lower friction coefficient and higher compressive resistance, and can effectively prevent direct contact between metal friction pairs under extreme pressure conditions.

[0036] 4. A cooler must be installed in the lubrication system. Under the action of high speed and heavy load, the temperature of the bearing and lubricating oil will easily rise. As the temperature rises, the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases, the adhesion of the oil molecules in the lubricating oil to the metal surface decreases, and the oil film is easily broken, that is, the "desorption" phenomenon occurs. Therefore, a cooler must be installed in the lower bearing and the lubricating oil tank to reduce the temperature of the oil and the bearing. During the operation of the equipment, the low-pressure pump must run synchronously to ensure the circulation and cooling of the lubricating oil.

[0037] 5. The lubrication system is equipped with high bearing temperature and low oil pressure alarm and parking protection devices to protect the equipment from running in a safe state and avoid equipment damage.

[0038] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A lubricating device for a sliding bearing, characterized in that: include: A shaft (3), an upper bearing (2) is provided on the outer side of the shaft (3), an oil tank (10) is provided at a lower right side of the shaft (3), a low-pressure oil circuit (1) is installed in the upper bearing (2), a low-pressure pump (7) is connected to the lower right side of the low-pressure oil circuit (1), and the bottom end of the low-pressure oil circuit (1) is in the oil tank (10), a relief valve (8) is connected to one side of the low-pressure oil circuit (1), and the bottom end of the relief valve (8) extends into the oil tank (10), and the relief valve (8) is located to the right of the low-pressure pump (7); A temperature gauge (14) is provided at the lower end of the shaft (3) and at the left end of the upper bearing (2); the middle of the bottom end of the upper bearing (2) is connected to the oil tank (10) via an oil line; a pressure gauge (13) is provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing (2) and the oil tank (10); A cooler (11) is installed at the center of the bottom end of the oil tank (10), and a filter (9) with a protruding structure is provided on the left side of the oil tank (10).

2. A lubricating device for a sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first one-way valve (4) is provided on the right side of the low-pressure oil circuit (1) above the low-pressure pump (7).

3. A lubricating device for a sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure regulating valve (6) provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing (2) and the oil tank (10) is located above the oil tank (10).

4. A lubricating device for a sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second one-way valve (12) provided on the oil line connecting the upper bearing (2) and the oil tank (10) is located on the right side of the pressure gauge (13).

5. A lubricating device for a sliding bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A high-pressure pump (5) is provided on the left side of the pressure regulating valve (6), and the upper end of the high-pressure pump (5) is connected to the oil circuit at the upper end of the pressure regulating valve (6) through an oil circuit, and the lower end of the high-pressure pump (5) is connected to the oil tank (10) through the oil circuit.

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