Active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse

Abstract

The utility model provides an active arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse, which comprises an insulating shell internally provided with a stroke cavity and an arc-extinguishing cavity; the conductor is arranged at the communication part of the stroke cavity and the arc extinguishing cavity and extends towards the two ends of the insulating shell; when the current exceeds a preset threshold value, the conductor is heated until the conductor is fused; the input end of the voltage detection device is electrically connected with the two ends of the conductor, and the output end is electrically connected with the control system; and the impact device is electrically connected with the control system, the impact device is movably arranged in the stroke cavity, and the impact device moves towards the arc extinguishing cavity until the conductor is cut off. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the circuit breaker integrates the function of a passive fuse which can be rapidly heated to fuse a circuit when the circuit is abnormal, and also has the function of actively cutting off the circuit, and the impact device moves towards the arc extinguishing cavity to cut off the conductor, thereby rapidly extinguishing the electric arc generated when the passive fuse function acts, and the circuit breaker is simple in structure, extremely high in arc extinguishing efficiency and low in cost. And the safety and the reliability of the fuse are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuses, in particular to an active arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse. Background Art

[0002] Driven by the "dual carbon" goal and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the new energy vehicle industry has ushered in an unprecedented period of rapid development. As the core component of new energy vehicles, the performance and safety of power batteries are directly related to the performance and driving safety of the entire vehicle. Liquid lithium batteries, with their high technical maturity and power density, have become the most widely used battery technology in the new energy vehicle market.

[0003] There are still some potential safety hazards in the use of liquid lithium batteries that cannot be ignored. In particular, once the liquid electrolyte inside leaks under abnormal conditions such as overcharging or over-discharging, it will not only damage the battery itself, but may also cause serious safety accidents such as fire. In addition, the operating voltage of power batteries for new energy vehicles is generally in the range of 60 to 1500V DC. Such a high voltage places extremely high demands on power protection. Once an abnormality occurs in the circuit, the power supply needs to be cut off quickly and effectively to prevent damage to the vehicle and the user.

[0004] Fuses play an important role in circuit protection. When an abnormal situation such as a short circuit or overload occurs in the circuit, the fuse can quickly melt the fuse to cut off the circuit, thereby protecting the circuit safety.

[0005] However, most of the fuses currently on the market are designed for traditional low-voltage scenarios and are unable to meet the high-voltage and high-sensitivity protection requirements of new energy vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an active arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse, which not only has high sensitivity and can quickly cut off the power supply when the circuit is abnormal, but also has the characteristics of integration and intelligence to adapt to the complex and changeable working environment of new energy vehicles; at the same time, considering the limitations of the internal space of new energy vehicles, the fuse also has the characteristics of small size and easy installation.

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] An active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse, comprising:

[0009] An insulating shell, wherein a stroke chamber and an arc extinguishing chamber are provided in the insulating shell, and the stroke chamber and the arc extinguishing chamber are communicated with each other;

[0010] A conductor is arranged at the connection point between the stroke chamber and the arc extinguishing chamber and extends to both ends of the insulating housing; wherein when the current exceeds a preset threshold, the conductor heats up until it melts;

[0011] A voltage detection device, wherein an input end of the voltage detection device is electrically connected to two ends of the conductor respectively, and an output end of the voltage detection device is electrically connected to a control system;

[0012] An impact device is electrically connected to the control system and is movably disposed in the stroke chamber. The impact device moves toward the arc extinguishing chamber to cut off the conductor.

[0013] Preferably, the insulating housing comprises: a base and an upper cover, the base is provided with the arc extinguishing chamber, and the upper cover is provided with the stroke chamber;

[0014] The base and the upper cover cooperate with each other and are fastened together by fasteners.

[0015] Preferably, the impact device comprises:

[0016] a gas generator, the gas generator being electrically connected to the control system;

[0017] A punch, wherein the tip of the punch is arranged toward the conductor, and a closed space is formed between an end of the punch facing away from the tip and the gas generator.

[0018] Preferably, an arc extinguishing medium is provided in the arc extinguishing chamber;

[0019] The portion of the conductor cut off by the impact device is tightly wrapped between the arc extinguishing medium and the punch of the impact device.

[0020] Preferably, the shape of the arc extinguishing medium is complementary to the shape of the punch.

[0021] Preferably, the voltage detection device is disposed outside the insulating housing.

[0022] Preferably, the voltage detection device is integrated with the insulating shell.

[0023] Preferably, the upper end of the insulating shell is provided with an annular table surface;

[0024] The voltage detection device is arranged on the annular table and is electrically connected to two ends of the conductor through a wire.

[0025] Preferably, the voltage detection device is arranged at the bottom of the insulating shell and is electrically connected to both ends of the conductor through wires.

[0026] Preferably, the voltage detection device is arranged at the bottom of the insulating housing;

[0027] The two ends of the conductor are bent toward the voltage detection device and extended to the voltage detection device, and then extended to the two ends of the insulating shell.

[0028] The advantages or beneficial effects of the technical solution of the utility model are:

[0029] The fuse of the utility model integrates a passive fuse function which can quickly heat and melt the circuit when an abnormality occurs in the circuit. At the same time, it also has an active circuit cutting function. The impact device moves toward the arc extinguishing cavity to cut off the conductor, thereby quickly extinguishing the arc generated when the passive fuse function is activated. The structure is simple and the arc extinguishing efficiency is extremely high, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the fuse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application circuit of an active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an intelligent fuse of an external voltage detection device in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of an intelligent fuse containing an arc extinguishing medium in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the triggering process of the intelligent fuse in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent fuse integrating a voltage detection device in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent fuse integrating a voltage detection device in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 10. Active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse; 20. Control system; 30. Battery; 40. First load; 50. Second load; 601. First fuse resistor; 602. Second fuse resistor; 603. Third fuse resistor; 604. Fourth fuse resistor; 101. Insulating shell; 1011. Upper cover; 1012. Base; 102. Stroke cavity; 103. Arc extinguishing cavity; 104. Conductor; 105. Impact device; 1051. Gas generator; 1052. Punch; 106. First fastener; 107. Second fastener; 108. Arc extinguishing medium; 110. Voltage detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 6 In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, based on the above problems existing in the prior art, an active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse 10 is provided, comprising:

[0042] An insulating housing 101, wherein a stroke chamber 102 and an arc extinguishing chamber 103 are provided in the insulating housing 101, and the stroke chamber 102 and the arc extinguishing chamber 103 are communicated with each other;

[0043] The conductor 104 is disposed at the connection point between the stroke chamber 102 and the arc extinguishing chamber 103 and extends to both ends of the insulating housing 101; wherein, when the current exceeds a preset threshold, the conductor 104 heats up until it melts;

[0044] A voltage detection device 110, wherein an input end of the voltage detection device 110 is electrically connected to two ends of the conductor 104, and an output end of the voltage detection device 110 is electrically connected to the control system 20;

[0045] The impact device 105 is electrically connected to the control system 20 and is movably disposed in the stroke chamber 102 . The impact device 105 moves toward the arc extinguishing chamber 103 to cut off the conductor.

[0046] Specifically, the active arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the utility model includes an insulating shell 101, an impact device 105, a conductor 104 passing through the insulating shell 101, and a voltage detection device 110 electrically connected to the control system 20. A stroke chamber 102 and an arc-extinguishing chamber 103 connected up and down are provided in the insulating shell 101.

[0047] The active arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse integrates the function of actively cutting off the circuit after receiving external signals, and also has the passive fuse function that can be heated to melt the circuit when an abnormality occurs in the circuit. Specifically:

[0048] After receiving the external signal output by the control system 20, the impact device 105 actively moves toward the arc extinguishing chamber 103 until the conductor 104 is cut off, thereby realizing the active circuit cutting function of the fuse;

[0049] When an abnormality occurs in the circuit, such as when the current exceeds a preset threshold, the conductor 104 heats up until the circuit is blown, thereby realizing the passive fuse function of the fuse; at the same time, when the passive fuse function is activated, the voltage detection device 110 can quickly detect the change in the voltage signal at both ends of the conductor 104, and instantly trigger the active circuit cutting function, thereby quickly extinguishing the arc generated when the passive fuse function is activated. The structure is simple and the arc extinguishing efficiency is extremely high, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the fuse.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, wherein Figure 2 As shown, the insulating housing 101 includes: a base 1011 and an upper cover 1012, the base 1011 is provided with an arc extinguishing chamber 103, and the upper cover 1012 is provided with a stroke chamber 102;

[0051] The base 1011 and the upper cover 1012 cooperate with each other and are fastened together by fasteners.

[0052] Specifically, the insulating housing 101 is composed of a base 1011 and an upper cover 1012. The base 1011 and the upper cover 1012 are seamlessly connected through precise matching, and are fastened by a first fastener 106 and a second fastener 107 such as screws and bolts. The conductor 104 passes between the base 1011 and the upper cover 1012. An arc extinguishing chamber 103 is formed between the conductor 104 and the inner cavity of the base 1011, and a stroke chamber 102 is formed between the conductor 104 and the inner cavity of the upper cover 1012.

[0053] Furthermore, the insulating shell 101 can be made of high-strength, high-tensile modulus materials such as polyamide and polyaromatic amide to ensure structural stability during the impact process, while having excellent injection molding ability and low mold shrinkage, which facilitates the injection molding process of the shell.

[0054] Furthermore, the conductor 104 can be made of metal material or alloy material, such as pure silver strip, pure copper strip or copper-silver composite strip. The conductor 104 can also be made of a conductor material made of a combination of metal material and non-metal material to ensure the conductive performance of the conductor while taking into account the cost and processing performance. The material of the conductor 104 is selected according to specific needs.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, wherein Figure 2 As shown, the impact device 105 includes:

[0056] A gas generator 1051, the gas generator 1051 is electrically connected to the control system 20;

[0057] The punch 1052 has a tip facing the conductor 104 , and a sealed space is formed between the end of the punch 1052 facing away from the tip and the gas generator 1051 .

[0058] Specifically, the impact device 105 is composed of a gas generator 1051 and a punch 1052 .

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, wherein Figure 3 As shown, an arc extinguishing medium 108 is provided in the arc extinguishing chamber 103;

[0060] The portion of the conductor 104 cut off by the impact device 105 is tightly wrapped between the arc extinguishing medium 108 and the punch 1052 of the impact device 105 .

[0061] Specifically, the smart fuse of this embodiment contains an arc extinguishing medium 108, and the arc extinguishing medium 108 is arranged in the arc extinguishing cavity 103. During the operation of the smart fuse, when the punch 1052 of the impact device 105 cuts off the conductor 104, the cut conductor part will be tightly wrapped between the arc extinguishing medium 108 and the punch 1052, so that the arc at the break can be quickly absorbed and eliminated by the arc extinguishing medium 108, thereby preventing the arc from spreading and continuing to burn.

[0062] Furthermore, the arc extinguishing medium 108 can be made of a material with high temperature resistance, high breakdown voltage and high breakdown strength, such as insulating plastic or mica, so as to remain stable in a high temperature and high pressure environment and quickly absorb the energy of an arc when it is generated, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the arc.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, the shape of the arc extinguishing medium 108 is complementary to the shape of the punch 1052 .

[0064] Specifically, the shape of the arc extinguishing medium 108 is designed to complement the shape of the punch 1052. For example, when the punch 1052 is conical, the corresponding part of the arc extinguishing medium 108 will also present a shape that complements and matches the conical punch, so that after the punch 1052 cuts off the conductor 104, the fracture is tightly wrapped between the punch 1052 and the arc extinguishing medium 108, achieving the functions of heat absorption and arc extinguishing.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, the voltage detection device 110 is externally disposed on the insulating housing 101 .

[0066] Furthermore, the voltage detection device 110 may adopt a low-power voltage detector IC to monitor the voltage change at both ends of the conductor 104 at any time and feed back to the control system 20 in a timely manner.

[0067] When an abnormal situation such as a short circuit or overcurrent occurs in the circuit, the passive fuse function will start to work, and the conductor 104 will heat up until it melts. After melting, the voltage across the conductor 104 will increase sharply. The voltage detection device 110 detects the change in the voltage signal across the conductor 104 and instantly triggers the active circuit cutting function to cut off the arc generated when the fuse function is activated, so that the arc is quickly extinguished.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, wherein Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the voltage detection device 110 is integrated with the insulating housing 101 .

[0069] Specifically, the smart fuse of this embodiment adopts a design in which the voltage detection device 110 is integrated with the insulating shell 101. The voltage detection device 110 can be built into the insulating shell 101, or fastened to the bottom of the insulating shell 101 by fasteners such as screws. This not only simplifies the layout of the wiring harness, but also realizes the integration and functional integration of the product, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the product.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, wherein Figure 5 As shown, the upper end of the insulating housing 101 is provided with an annular table;

[0071] The voltage detection device 110 is disposed on the annular table and is electrically connected to two ends of the conductor 104 through wires.

[0072] Specifically, an annular table is provided at the upper end of the insulating shell 101, and the voltage detection device 110 is placed on the annular table and electrically connected to both ends of the conductor 104 through a wire, which facilitates the installation and wiring of the voltage detection device 110 and also improves the aesthetics of the product.

[0073] Furthermore, in general, the annular table of the circuit breaker is symmetrical. In this embodiment, the distance between the side of the annular table where the voltage detection device 110 is placed and the edge of the insulating shell 101 is greater than the other side, thereby providing a stable installation platform for the voltage detection device 110 and effectively increasing the overall structural strength of the insulating shell 101.

[0074] As a preferred embodiment, the voltage detection device 110 is disposed at the bottom of the insulating housing 101 and is electrically connected to both ends of the conductor 104 through wires.

[0075] Specifically, the voltage detection device 110 is directly arranged at the bottom of the insulating housing 101. At the same time, the voltage detection device 110 can be electrically connected to both ends of the conductor 104 through wires. This layout makes the structure of the entire smart fuse more compact and also facilitates the production and assembly process.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, wherein Figure 6 As shown, the voltage detection device 110 is disposed at the bottom of the insulating housing 101;

[0077] Two ends of the conductor 104 are bent toward the voltage detection device 110 and extend to the voltage detection device 110 , and then extend to two ends of the insulation housing 101 .

[0078] Specifically, in order to better realize the voltage detection function, the conductor 104 can also be appropriately bent so as to be connected to the voltage detection device 110, so as to realize electrical connection between the two ends of the conductor 104 and the voltage detection device 110, thereby ensuring that the voltage detection device 110 can accurately detect the voltage signal on the conductor 104.

[0079] In the above preferred embodiment, if Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the circuit of the active arc extinguishing intelligent circuit breaker 10 of the utility model applied between the battery 30 and the load is shown. By setting multiple fuse resistors, comprehensive protection of the entire circuit system is achieved. Whether it is the control system, the load or the voltage detection device, it can be protected in a timely and effective manner when an abnormal situation occurs, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the circuit system.

[0080] A first fuse resistor 601 is also connected between the active arc extinguishing intelligent circuit breaker 10 and the control system 20. When the control system 20 fails or is abnormal, the connection with the active arc extinguishing intelligent circuit breaker 10 is quickly cut off by the fuse resistor, thereby protecting the entire circuit system from damage.

[0081] Furthermore, the active arc extinguishing intelligent circuit breaker 10 is also connected to the first load 40 via the second fusible resistor 602. When the first load 40 is in an abnormal situation such as a short circuit or overload, the second fusible resistor 602 can be quickly blown to cut off the connection with the active arc extinguishing intelligent circuit breaker 10, thereby avoiding damage to the battery 30 and the entire circuit system.

[0082] Similarly, a third fuse resistor 603 is also provided between the active arc extinguishing intelligent circuit breaker 10 and the second load 50. When an abnormal situation occurs in the second load 50, the protection effect of the fuse resistor can also be used to avoid affecting the entire circuit system.

[0083] The active arc extinguishing intelligent circuit breaker 10 is connected to the voltage detection device 110 via the fourth fuse resistor 604, which not only ensures the accurate operation of the voltage detection device 110, but also provides fuse protection when a fault occurs therein, thereby preventing possible circuit faults.

[0084] The advantages or beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the fuse of the utility model integrates the function of actively cutting off the circuit according to the external signal, and also has the function of a passive fuse that can quickly heat and melt the circuit when an abnormality occurs in the circuit; at the same time, when the conductor is cut off and an arc is generated, the voltage detection device can quickly detect the change of the voltage signal, and instantly trigger the active circuit cutting function, thereby quickly extinguishing the arc generated when the passive fuse function is activated. The structure is simple and the arc extinguishing efficiency is extremely high, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the fuse.

[0085] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the contents of this specification and illustrations should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse, characterized in that: include: An insulating shell, wherein a stroke chamber and an arc extinguishing chamber are provided in the insulating shell, and the stroke chamber and the arc extinguishing chamber are communicated with each other; A conductor is arranged at the connection point between the stroke chamber and the arc extinguishing chamber and extends to both ends of the insulating housing; wherein when the current exceeds a preset threshold, the conductor heats up until it melts; A voltage detection device, wherein an input end of the voltage detection device is electrically connected to two ends of the conductor respectively, and an output end of the voltage detection device is electrically connected to a control system; An impact device is electrically connected to the control system and is movably disposed in the stroke chamber. The impact device moves toward the arc extinguishing chamber to cut off the conductor.

2. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating housing comprises: a base and an upper cover, the base is provided with the arc extinguishing chamber, and the upper cover is provided with the stroke chamber; The base and the upper cover cooperate with each other and are fastened together by fasteners.

3. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact device comprises: a gas generator, the gas generator being electrically connected to the control system; A punch, wherein the tip of the punch is arranged toward the conductor, and a closed space is formed between an end of the punch facing away from the tip and the gas generator.

4. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing chamber is provided with an arc extinguishing medium; The portion of the conductor cut off by the impact device is tightly wrapped between the arc extinguishing medium and the punch of the impact device.

5. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shape of the arc extinguishing medium is complementary to the shape of the punch.

6. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage detection device is disposed outside the insulating housing.

7. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage detection device is integrated with the insulating housing.

8. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the insulating shell is provided with an annular table surface; The voltage detection device is arranged on the annular table and is electrically connected to two ends of the conductor through a wire.

9. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The voltage detection device is arranged at the bottom of the insulating shell and is electrically connected to both ends of the conductor through wires.

10. The active arc extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The voltage detection device is arranged at the bottom of the insulating housing; The two ends of the conductor are bent toward the voltage detection device and extended to the voltage detection device, and then extended to the two ends of the insulating shell.

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