Nozzle distance self-adaptive adjusting device for wheat pneumatic jet seeding

Abstract

The utility model provides a nozzle distance self-adaptive adjusting device for wheat pneumatic injection seeding, which comprises a spray pipe, high-pressure gas is accelerated through the spray pipe to form high-speed airflow, wheat seeds are driven to move in an accelerated manner, and the initial speed of seed injection seeding is improved. The cavity comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the cavity is coaxially connected with the spray pipe through a shaft sleeve, and a tension spring, an O-shaped sealing ring and a pneumatic sealing ring are mounted at the joint of the cavity and the spray pipe to guarantee airtightness. The spraying pipe extends into the cavity, high-speed airflow enters the cavity in an accelerated mode through the spraying pipe, negative-pressure airflow is formed in the cavity due to the ejection effect of the airflow, and wheat seeds are sucked into the cavity through the negative-pressure airflow to achieve seed-airflow mixing. The device is suitable for wheat pneumatic acceleration jet seeding operation, the nozzle distance is adjusted in a self-adaptive mode according to changes of high-pressure gas pressure and cavity air pressure, it is guaranteed that negative pressure in the cavity is stable, wheat seeds are stably sucked into the cavity, and the stability of operation performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to wheat sowing technology, and in particular relates to a nozzle distance self-adapting regulating device for wheat pneumatic sowing. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is China's second largest grain crop, and its sowing method is mainly mechanized row sowing. Traditional wheat seeders need to complete the operations of furrowing-sowing-covering-pressing in sequence. The wheat-growing area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is one of China's major wheat production bases. The region is rich in water and heat resources, wheat production is not easily affected by drought, and the potential for increasing wheat production is huge. The wheat-growing area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River mainly uses rice-wheat rotation. After the previous crop is harvested, the field soil moisture content is high. The field moisture damage is serious during the wheat sowing stage, causing soil adhesion and clogging the seeder, reducing the efficiency of mechanized wheat row sowing operations.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of wheat sowing technology, pneumatic shot sowing technology has been applied to wheat sowing. CN2018114711577 discloses a wheat pneumatic accelerated shot sowing device, which accelerates wheat seeds into the soil through high-pressure gas, eliminating the furrowing-covering-pressing operation link, realizing non-contact wheat sowing, and solving the problem of seeder clogging caused by contact between the seeder's furrow opener, coverer, and pressing wheel and wet sticky soil. However, the patent solution still has the following problems: changes in air pressure can easily lead to pressure fluctuations in the internal flow field of the shot sowing device and poor airflow injection effect, and the seed inlet cannot form a stable negative pressure to suck wheat seeds into the shot sowing device. The shot sowing device lacks the function of adaptively adjusting the nozzle distance to maintain the stability of the internal flow field, resulting in a decrease in the stability of the operating performance. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a nozzle distance adaptive adjustment device for wheat pneumatic seeding, which adaptively adjusts the nozzle distance according to the change of air pressure to improve the stability of operation performance.

[0005] A nozzle distance adaptive adjustment device for wheat pneumatic seeding, comprising a nozzle, a cavity, a linear slide rail, a gear rack mechanism, a steering gear, and a lifting plate;

[0006] The high-pressure gas is accelerated through the nozzle to form a high-speed airflow, which drives the wheat seeds to move faster and increases the initial velocity of the seeds.

[0007] The cavity includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The cavity and the nozzle are coaxially connected through a shaft sleeve. A tension spring is installed at the connection. An O-ring and a pneumatic sealing ring ensure air tightness. The nozzle extends into the cavity, and a high-speed airflow is accelerated into the cavity through the nozzle. Due to the ejection effect of the airflow, a negative pressure airflow is formed inside the cavity, and the wheat seeds are sucked into the cavity by the negative pressure airflow to achieve seed-airflow mixing.

[0008] A linear slide rail is connected to the upper cavity.

[0009] The rack and pinion mechanism, wherein the rack is connected to the linear slide rail, and the rotation of the gear drives the rack to move linearly.

[0010] A steering gear is fixed to the cavity, and an output shaft of the steering gear is coaxially connected to the gear and drives the gear to rotate.

[0011] The lifting plate comprises an upper lifting plate and a lower lifting plate, which are connected to the upper port of the nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, the forward rotation of the steering gear is transmitted through the gear rack, and the rack rises to lift the lifting plate, thereby lifting the nozzle.

[0013] Furthermore, the steering gear rotates in the opposite direction to drive the rack to reset, and the tension spring pulls down the nozzle to achieve reset.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower port of the nozzle is spaced apart from the upper end surface of the lower cavity by a nozzle distance.

[0015] Furthermore, the nozzle lifting and resetting realize the nozzle distance adjustment.

[0016] Furthermore, the nozzle distance is automatically adjusted according to the change of air pressure to achieve stable negative pressure airflow inside the cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the air pressure varies in the range of 0.2 to 1 MPa, and the nozzle distance can be adjusted in the range of 10 to 25 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the linear slide rail is connected to the upper cavity by bolts.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0020] (1) The device adjusts the nozzle distance according to the change of air pressure, realizing adaptive adjustment of the nozzle, which helps to ensure the stability of the negative pressure airflow inside the cavity, helps to suck the wheat seeds into the seeding device, and thus improves the stability of the grain distance.

[0021] (2) The device has a simple structure and is stable and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The utility model has the following drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle distance adaptive adjustment device;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle distance adjustment control process;

[0025] Figure numerals: 1, upper lifting plate; 2, lower lifting plate; 3, tension spring; 4, bushing; 5, first pneumatic sealing ring; 6, upper cavity; 7, O-ring; 8, lower cavity; 9, nozzle; 10, linear guide rail; 11, servo; 12, gear; 13, rack; 14, second pneumatic sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, advantages and features of the present invention more obvious, the following is a Figure 1-2 The detailed description will be made with reference to the specific implementation modes.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a nozzle distance adaptive adjustment device for pneumatic seeding of wheat includes an upper lifting plate 1, a lower lifting plate 2, a tension spring 3, a sleeve 4, a first pneumatic sealing ring 5, an upper cavity 6, an O-ring 7, a lower cavity 8, a nozzle 9, a linear slide rail 10, a steering gear 11, a gear 12, a rack 13, and a second pneumatic sealing ring 14.

[0029] The cavity comprises an upper cavity 6 and a lower cavity 8 . The upper and lower cavities are connected by bolts, and the connection is sealed by an O-ring 7 .

[0030] The nozzle 9 extends into the upper cavity 6, is coaxially connected to the upper cavity 6 through the shaft sleeve 4, a tension spring 3 is installed at the connection, and the air tightness of the connection is ensured by the first pneumatic sealing ring 5 and the second pneumatic sealing ring 14. The high-pressure gas is accelerated through the nozzle 9 to form a high-speed airflow and enter the cavity. Due to the induced effect of the high-speed airflow, a negative pressure airflow is formed inside the cavity. The wheat seeds are sucked into the cavity by the negative pressure airflow to achieve seed-airflow mixing. The high-speed airflow drives the wheat seeds to accelerate and increase the initial velocity of seed sowing.

[0031] The linear slide rail 10 is connected to the upper cavity 6 and the rack 13 respectively. The servo 11 is fixed to the upper cavity 6, and the output shaft of the servo 11 is coaxially connected to the gear 12. The lifting plate includes an upper lifting plate 1 and a lower lifting plate 2, which are connected to the upper end of the nozzle 9. The servo 11 rotates forward through the gear rack transmission, and the rack 13 rises to lift the lifting plate and lift the nozzle 9, thereby increasing the nozzle distance; the servo 11 rotates reversely to drive the rack 13 to descend, and the tension spring 3 pulls down the nozzle 9 to reset, thereby reducing the nozzle distance. The device automatically adjusts the nozzle distance according to the change in air pressure to achieve stable negative pressure airflow inside the cavity.

[0032] Preferably, when the high-pressure gas pressure is 0.2MPa, the nozzle distance is adjusted to 10mm; when the high-pressure gas pressure is 0.4MPa, the nozzle distance is adjusted to 15mm; when the high-pressure gas pressure is 0.6MPa, the nozzle distance is adjusted to 20mm; when the high-pressure gas pressure is 0.8MPa, the nozzle distance is adjusted to 20mm; when the high-pressure gas pressure is 1MPa, the nozzle distance is adjusted to 25mm.

[0033] During operation, the air pressure sensor-1 detects the high-pressure gas pressure, the air pressure sensor-2 detects the negative pressure in the cavity, and the controller obtains the air pressure signal through the air pressure sensor to sense the air pressure change. The controller obtains the air pressure signal in real time and performs calculation processing. When the high-pressure gas pressure and the cavity air pressure increase, the controller outputs a control signal to control the forward rotation angle of the servo, and the driver drives the servo to rotate, and the nozzle 9 is lifted through the gear rack mechanism to increase the nozzle distance; on the contrary, when the high-pressure gas pressure and the cavity air pressure decrease, the controller controls the servo to rotate in the opposite direction, the rack 13 moves downward, and the tension spring 3 pulls down the nozzle 9 to reset, so as to reduce the nozzle distance.

[0034] The utility model is suitable for pneumatic accelerated seeding of wheat. The device adaptively adjusts the nozzle distance according to the changes in the high-pressure gas pressure and the cavity air pressure, thereby ensuring the negative pressure in the cavity is stable and the wheat seeds are stably sucked into the cavity, which helps to improve the stability of the operation performance.

Claims

1. A nozzle distance adaptive adjustment device for wheat pneumatic seeding, characterized in that: include: Nozzle, cavity, linear slide, rack and pinion mechanism, servo, lifting plate, controller; The high-pressure gas is accelerated through the nozzle to form a high-speed airflow, which drives the wheat seeds to move faster; The cavity comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The cavity is coaxially connected to the nozzle through a sleeve, and a tension spring, an O-ring and a pneumatic sealing ring are installed at the connection. The nozzle extends into the cavity, and the high-speed airflow is accelerated into the cavity through the nozzle. Due to the ejection effect of the airflow, a negative pressure airflow is formed inside the cavity, and the wheat seeds are sucked into the cavity by the negative pressure airflow to achieve seed-airflow mixing; The linear slide rail is connected to the upper cavity; The rack and pinion mechanism, the rack is connected to the linear slide rail, and the rotation of the gear drives the rack to move linearly; The steering gear is fixed to the cavity, and the output shaft of the steering gear is coaxially connected to the gear and drives the gear to rotate; The lifting plate includes an upper lifting plate and a lower lifting plate, which are connected to the upper port of the nozzle; The steering gear rotates forwardly through the gear rack, and the rack rises to lift the lifting plate, thereby lifting the nozzle; The steering gear rotates in the opposite direction to drive the rack to reset, and the tension spring pulls down the nozzle to reset it; The lower end of the nozzle is spaced from the upper end surface of the lower cavity by a nozzle distance; The nozzle lifting and resetting realizes the nozzle distance adjustment; The controller is used to control the rotation of the steering gear.

2. The nozzle distance adaptive adjustment device for wheat pneumatic seeding as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle distance is automatically adjusted according to the change of air pressure to achieve stable negative pressure airflow inside the cavity.

3. The nozzle distance adaptive adjustment device for wheat pneumatic seeding as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The air pressure varies in the range of 0.2-1 MPa, and the nozzle distance is adjusted in the range of 10-25 mm.

4. The nozzle distance adaptive adjustment device for wheat pneumatic seeding as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The linear slide rail is connected to the upper cavity through bolts.

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