Cart and car pusher
By using joint bearing on the cart of the cart, the wheels are installed on the car shaft, which solves the problem of inclined and unevenly worn the trolley at the curve. ability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421863065.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-02
AI Technical Summary
The small carts loaded with existing trolley machines are prone to deflection at the curve, resulting in uneven wear of the copper sleeve and prone to failure. The traditional cylindrical sliding bearings have a short service life in low-speed applications.
The joint bearing is used to install the wheels on the shaft, and the self -defined mind characteristics of the joint bearing are used to maintain the stable working state of the wheels at the curve and extend the service life.
Through the self -deeper characteristics of the arthritic bearing, the bias and local wear of the cart at the curve were avoided, and the service life of the vehicle aircraft was extended, which was suitable for use in harsh environments such as mines.
Smart Images
Figure CN222407855U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a cart equipped with a cart pusher and also relates to a cart pusher equipped with the cart. Background Art
[0002] The full name of the pusher is a mining pusher, which is mainly used to dispatch mining cars, flatbed cars, material cars and other transportation vehicles and their auxiliary materials at the entrance or bottom of the coal mine. The carrier equipped with a mining pusher is usually called a small cart, or simply a pusher.
[0003] A cart machine often connects multiple carts in series, each with two or three pairs of wheels. A cart usually includes a frame and an axle mounted on the frame, with a wheel mounted on each end of the axle. The wheels are mostly rubber wheels, but steel wheels may also be used in some implementations.
[0004] The wheels and axles of the carts are mostly assembled with cylindrical sliding bearings. There are two main types of sliding bearings currently used. The first type is a unique installation type for the aforementioned rubber wheels. The rubber wheels include a steel sleeve with a toothed structure on the outer circumference. The rubber wheel body is formed on the steel sleeve by casting. A copper sleeve is embedded in the steel sleeve to form a sliding bearing between the copper sleeve and the axle. The second type can be used on rubber wheels or steel wheels, but it also requires a copper sleeve.
[0005] The copper sleeve is generally a cylindrical structure, and the outer profile of the wheel generally has a certain taper. The cart pusher usually needs to turn, and the heights of the inner and outer track components of the cart pusher track at the bend are inconsistent. Generally, the track component located on the outside is higher than the track component located on the inside. Under this condition, although the height change of the track is continuous and smooth, the cart will appear skewed at the bend, resulting in inconsistent wear of the copper sleeve at various locations, which can easily lead to failure of the copper sleeve due to excessive local wear. Utility Model Content
[0006] The utility model aims to provide a cart with relatively good reliability. The utility model also provides a cart machine equipped with the cart.
[0007] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the utility model, there is provided a cart, comprising:
[0008] Frame;
[0009] Axles, at least two axles are provided, each axle having a journal at both ends;
[0010] The wheel is mounted on the journal through a spherical bearing.
[0011] Optionally, the spherical plain bearing is a radial spherical plain bearing.
[0012] Optionally, the wheel comprises:
[0013] The wheel core is a tube-sleeve structure, a bearing seat hole is formed in the sleeve, and a retaining ring groove is formed at one end of the bearing seat hole;
[0014] A colloid, which is mounted on the wheel core;
[0015] An elastic retaining ring is arranged in the retaining ring groove to form an axial limit for the spherical bearing.
[0016] Optionally, a retaining ring groove is also provided at the other end of the bearing seat hole.
[0017] Optionally, the outer surface of the wheel core has grooves in an axial array.
[0018] Optionally, an axial screw hole is formed on the end surface of the axle;
[0019] The wheel is mounted on the axle via screws that cooperate with the screw holes.
[0020] Optionally, the screw is a flange face screw.
[0021] Optionally, the inner side of the journal has a positioning shoulder;
[0022] A flat washer is arranged between the positioning shaft shoulder and the spherical bearing.
[0023] Optionally, guide wheel sets are provided on both sides of the front end of the frame;
[0024] The axis of the guide wheel of the guide wheel group is perpendicular to the frame reference plane.
[0025] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the utility model, a cart is provided, comprising the cart described in the first aspect of an embodiment of the utility model.
[0026] In the embodiment of the utility model, the wheels of the provided cart configuration are installed on the predetermined axle through the spherical bearing. With the help of the self-centering property of the spherical bearing, when the cart machine runs to the bend, the self-centering of the spherical bearing makes its working state relatively stable, does not cause local eccentric wear, and has a longer service life than the cylindrical sliding bearing used in the traditional cart machine. In addition, the spherical bearing is suitable for low-speed applications, which coincides with the working mode of the cart machine (the normal operating speed is 0.5~1.0m / s, and rarely can reach 1.5m / s). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the cart in one embodiment.
[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a cart viewed from above in one embodiment.
[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the left section structure of a cart in one embodiment.
[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the left-side cross-section structure of a wheel assembly in one embodiment.
[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side cross-section structure of a wheel core in one embodiment.
[0032] In the figure: 1. connecting pin, 2. hexagon head screw, 3. pressure block, 4. spring washer, 5. frame, 6. axle, 7. wheel, 8. connecting rod, 9. pin hole, 10. guide wheel set, 11. hexagon flange screw, 12. shaft end washer, 13. flat washer, 14. colloid, 15. elastic washer, 16. radial spherical bearing, 17. wheel core, 18. seat hole, 19. retaining ring groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The trolley machine is generally composed of several trolleys connected in sequence. Figure 1 In the illustrated structure, a connecting pin 1 is provided at the front of the pusher, and a pin hole 9 is provided at the rear. Generally, the connecting pin 1 of the current pusher cooperates with the pin hole 9 of the next pusher to achieve sequential connection. In some implementations, the pin hole 9 may also be provided at the front of the pusher, and the connecting pin 1 is provided at the rear of the pusher.
[0034] It can also be seen that for the cart pusher, it has a conventional reference system of the vehicle, that is, front and back, left and right, up and down, where the front and back are also called head and tail, and correspond to the longitudinal direction of the cart frame 5, for example, the longitudinal beam of the vehicle is named in this way, and this direction is also the length direction of the cart. Left and right are also called transverse, and the cross beam is named in this way, and the transverse direction is also the width direction of the vehicle.
[0035] The front, back, left and right sides determine the reference plane of the cart, and the direction perpendicular to the reference plane is the height direction of the cart.
[0036] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the illustrated structure, the basis of the cart is the frame 5. The cart has a relatively large aspect ratio compared to conventional vehicles. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the frame 5 is not an improvement of the present invention, and the improvement of the present invention is mainly on the wheel 7.
[0037] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated structure, two axles 6 are mounted on the frame 5 . In some embodiments, each frame 5 may have more axles 6 . However, it should be noted that the number of axles 6 does not affect the selection of wheels 7 .
[0038] The two ends of the axle 6 have journals for mounting wheels 7. The inner holes of the wheels 7 of the conventional carts are inlaid with copper sleeves to form sliding bearings with the journals. In the embodiment of the utility model, the wheels 7 are mounted on the journals through spherical bearings.
[0039] Spherical bearings are essentially sliding bearings, but traditional sliding bearings are cylindrical sliding bearings, while spherical bearings are spherical sliding bearings, and their sliding contact surfaces are an inner sphere and an outer sphere, which can rotate and swing at any angle during movement. In other words, they are equivalent to sliding bearings with three degrees of freedom, while traditional sliding bearings have only one degree of freedom. Therefore, spherical bearings have self-aligning characteristics. In the embodiment of the utility model, with the help of the self-aligning characteristics of the spherical bearings, when the cart pusher runs to a curve, the spherical bearings with self-aligning capabilities keep the wheel 7 in a good working condition, and the load-bearing mode of the spherical bearings changes very slightly, which is not easy to cause eccentric wear of the spherical bearings, and has a longer service life.
[0040] Furthermore, the spherical joint bearing adopts the radial spherical joint bearing 16, because the angle adjustment range of the radial spherical joint bearing 16 is relatively large, and the maximum angle that can be adjusted can reach 30°, so as to adapt to various road conditions on curves.
[0041] In addition, the radial spherical plain bearing 16 can work in a harsh environment due to its good dustproof, waterproof and corrosion-resistant properties, which is exactly suitable for the harsh environment of a mine.
[0042] exist Figure 4 In the illustrated structure, the wheel 7 includes a rigid sleeve-shaped wheel core 17, a colloid (also called a rubber ring) generally made of rubber or polyurethane material mounted on the wheel core 17, and a radial spherical bearing 16, for example, which can be pre-installed in the wheel core 17. In some implementations, the radial spherical bearing 16 may not be pre-installed in the wheel core 17.
[0043] Correspondingly, the wheel core 17 has a bearing seat hole for accommodating the radial spherical plain bearing 16, such as Figure 5 As shown in the seat hole 18, a retaining ring groove 19 is formed at one end of the bearing seat hole, that is, there can be only one retaining ring groove 19, for example, the limit of the other end of the radial spherical plain bearing 16 can be directly provided by, for example, a shaft shoulder formed on the wheel shaft 6. However, in a preferred embodiment, two retaining ring grooves 19 are provided, and one is provided at each end of the seat hole 18, so that, for example, the radial spherical plain bearing 16 can be installed in the wheel core 17 in a pre-installed manner, which is conducive to the rapid installation of the wheel 7 on the wheel shaft.
[0044] Obviously, the function of the elastic retaining ring 19 is to axially limit the spherical bearing.
[0045] In order to improve the bonding strength between the wheel core 17 and the colloid 14 , the outer surface of the wheel core 17 has grooves in an axial array. When the colloid 14 is cast, the portion inserted into the groove can play an anchoring role after solidification, so that the colloid 14 can be more reliably bonded to the wheel core 17 .
[0046] For the assembly of the wheels 7 on the cart, see Figure 3 In the structure shown in the figure, an axial screw hole is opened on the end face of the axle 6, and the screw hole is generally a central blind hole.
[0047] Furthermore, the wheel 7 is mounted on the axle 6 via screws that cooperate with the screw holes.
[0048] In order to improve the reliability of assembly, the screws are flange screws, such as Figure 3 The hexagonal flange screw 11 shown in FIG.
[0049] from Figure 3 It can be seen that the axle 5 is a stepped shaft, and the inner side of the journal has a positioning shoulder to assist in positioning the wheel 7. In order to avoid stress concentration and excessive deviation of the shear section coefficient caused by excessive changes in the diameters of the stepped shaft segments, a flat washer 13 is provided for auxiliary positioning when the inner shoulder of the journal is relatively small. The auxiliary positioning here refers to the auxiliary positioning of the spherical bearing.
[0050] In addition Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the structure shown, guide wheel sets 10 are provided on both sides of the front end of the frame 7;
[0051] The axes of the guide wheels of the guide wheel set 10 are perpendicular to the reference plane of the vehicle frame 7 .
Claims
1. A cart, characterized in that: include: Frame; Axles, at least two axles are provided, each axle having a journal at both ends; The wheel is mounted on the journal through a spherical bearing.
2. The cart according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical plain bearing is a radial spherical plain bearing.
3. The cart according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wheel comprises: The wheel core is a tube-sleeve structure, a bearing seat hole is formed in the sleeve, and a retaining ring groove is formed at one end of the bearing seat hole; A colloid, which is sleeved on the wheel core; An elastic retaining ring is arranged in the retaining ring groove to form an axial limit for the spherical bearing.
4. The cart according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other end of the bearing seat hole is also provided with a retaining ring groove.
5. The cart according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the wheel core has grooves arranged in an axial array.
6. The cart according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the axle is provided with an axial screw hole; The wheel is mounted on the axle via screws that cooperate with the screw holes.
7. The cart according to claim 6, characterized in that: The screws are flange screws.
8. The cart according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the journal is provided with a positioning shoulder; A flat washer is arranged between the positioning shaft shoulder and the spherical bearing.
9. The cart according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide wheel groups are provided on both sides of the front end of the frame; The axis of the guide wheel of the guide wheel group is perpendicular to the frame reference plane.
10. A cart pusher, characterized in that: A cart comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.