Sine function ridge ellipse island type fuel cell flow field structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sine function ridge elliptical island type fuel cell flow field structure which comprises a polar plate, a fluid channel ridge and a fluid island, a plurality of fluid channel ridges are arranged, the fluid channel ridges are distributed on the polar plate, and a fluid channel is formed between every two adjacent fluid channel ridges; the fluid channel is used for circulation of reaction gas of the fuel cell; the fluid island is arranged in the fluid channel, and the fluid channel is used for changing the flow velocity change of the reaction gas of the fuel cell. The flow velocity and pressure of fluid at each position point in the fluid channel are changed, a rough surface can be formed in the fluid channel to generate turbulent flow to promote mixing of consumption layer gas and accumulation layer gas, reaction media can be transferred more effectively, generated water can be discharged more effectively, and the fuel cell stack has the advantages of improving the performance of the fuel cell stack, improving the reaction efficiency and reducing the production cost. And the service life of the electric pile is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a sine function ridge elliptical island type fuel cell flow field structure. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a chemical device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel directly into electrical energy. It is also called an electrochemical generator. It is the fourth power generation technology after hydroelectric power generation, thermal power generation, and atomic power generation. Since fuel cells convert part of the Gibbs free energy in the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, they are not limited by the Carnot cycle effect and therefore have high efficiency. In addition, fuel cells use fuel and oxygen as raw materials and have no mechanical transmission parts, so they emit very little harmful gas and have a long service life.

[0003] Theoretically, fuel cells can operate at a thermal efficiency close to 100%, which is very economical. Due to the limitations of various technical factors, the total conversion efficiency of various fuel cells currently in operation is mostly in the range of 45% to 60%, and can reach more than 80% if the heat exhaust utilization is considered. In addition, fuel cell devices contain no or very few moving parts, are reliable, require less maintenance, and are quieter than traditional generator sets. In addition, the isothermal electrochemical method directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy without going through the thermal engine process, and is not restricted by the Carnot cycle. Therefore, the energy conversion efficiency is high, the reaction is clean and complete, and few harmful substances are produced. It is becoming an ideal way of energy utilization. At the same time, with the continuous maturity of fuel cell technology and the provision of sufficient natural gas sources by the West-East Gas Transmission Project, all of this makes fuel cells regarded as a very promising energy power device, and the commercial application of fuel cells has broad development prospects.

[0004] At present, the flow channel structure of fuel cells is mostly a linear structure, the gas flow rate is relatively stable, and there is no obvious gas flow rate change rate. The water generated by the fuel cell cannot be discharged effectively and quickly, which also affects the efficiency of the fuel cell and has certain defects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a sine function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure to change the fuel cell gas flow rate change rate and improve the fuel cell conversion efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a sine function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure, including a plate, a fluid channel ridge and a fluid island;

[0007] There are a plurality of fluid channel ridges, and the fluid channel ridges are distributed on the electrode plate, and fluid channels are formed between adjacent fluid channel ridges;

[0008] The fluid channel is used for the circulation of fuel cell reaction gas;

[0009] The fluid island is disposed in the fluid channel, and the fluid channel is used to change the flow rate of the fuel cell reaction gas.

[0010] Furthermore, the fluid channel ridge is arranged in a wave shape, and a plurality of the fluid channel ridges are evenly distributed on the electrode plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the wave shape is a sinusoidal function waveform.

[0012] Furthermore, the phase difference between the sinusoidal function waveforms of two adjacent fluid channel ridges is 180°.

[0013] Furthermore, the fluid channel has a wide channel area and a narrow channel area that are arranged at intervals, and the number of the fluid islands distributed in the wide channel area is greater than the number of the fluid islands distributed in the narrow channel area.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the fluid islands distributed in the wide flow channel area and the narrow flow channel area is 1 and 2 respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the two fluid islands are symmetrically distributed in the wide flow channel area, and the two fluid islands are distributed in an inclined manner.

[0016] Furthermore, a single fluid island is centrally disposed in the narrow channel region.

[0017] Furthermore, a gas inlet is provided on the electrode plate.

[0018] Furthermore, an electrode is provided at the end of the electrode plate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The utility model changes the fluid flow rate and pressure at each position point in the fluid channel, and can form a rough surface inside the flow channel to generate turbulence to promote the mixing of the depleted layer gas and the enriched layer gas, more effectively transfer the reaction medium and more effectively discharge the generated water, which has the advantages of improving the performance of the battery stack, improving the reaction efficiency, and extending the life of the battery stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is a more detailed description of the sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure of the utility model in conjunction with a schematic diagram, which shows a preferred embodiment of the utility model. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the utility model described herein and still achieve the beneficial effects of the utility model. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being widely known to those skilled in the art and not as a limitation to the utility model.

[0023] The present invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in very simplified form and in non-precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model proposes a sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure, including a pole plate 1, a fluid channel ridge 2 and a fluid island 3.

[0025] Specifically, a plurality of fluid channel ridges 2 are provided, and the fluid channel ridges 2 are distributed on the electrode plate 1 , and fluid channels are formed between adjacent fluid channel ridges 2 .

[0026] The fluid channel is used for the circulation of fuel cell reaction gas.

[0027] The fluid island 3 is disposed in the fluid channel, and the fluid channel is used to change the flow rate of the fuel cell reaction gas.

[0028] Fuel cells convert fuels such as hydrogen into electricity through a chemical reaction with an oxidant such as oxygen, while producing water and heat. The design of the fuel cell allows it to convert energy directly without the need for combustion, which improves energy conversion efficiency and reduces polluting emissions.

[0029] The flow field structure of a fuel cell is a key part of its design. It directly affects the distribution of the reaction gas, water management, and thermal management, which in turn affects the performance and life of the battery. Common flow field designs include straight channels, serpentine channels, and interdigital channels. These designs have their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, a serpentine flow field helps improve the uniformity of gas distribution, but may result in a higher pressure drop.

[0030] In this embodiment, after the fluid island 3 is set in the fluid channel, the cross-sectional flow area of ​​the fluid channel changes. During the flow of fuel cell gas, when the fuel cell gas passes through a narrow area of ​​the fluid channel, the flow rate of the fuel cell gas increases and the pressure increases; and when the fuel gas passes through a wider area of ​​the fluid channel, the flow rate of the fuel cell gas slows down and the pressure decreases. During the operation of the fuel cell, the flow rate and pressure of the fuel cell gas change continuously, and a rough surface can be formed inside the flow channel to generate turbulence to promote the mixing of the consumption layer gas and the accumulation layer gas, more effectively transfer the reaction medium and more effectively discharge the generated water, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the electrode plate 1 is provided with a gas inlet 4. There are two gas inlets 4, one for fuel and one for oxygen. In a hydrogen fuel cell, the fuel is hydrogen and the oxygen is air, and electricity is generated by the reaction of oxygen in the air with hydrogen.

[0032] In addition, the electrode 5 is provided at the end of the electrode plate 1. The electrodes 5 of the fuel cell include an anode (positive electrode) and a cathode (negative electrode), which are where the gas enters and contacts the electrolyte to react. The electrode 5 is usually designed as a porous structure to increase the reaction surface area.

[0033] Furthermore, the fluid channel ridge 2 is configured to be wavy, and a plurality of the fluid channel ridges 2 are evenly distributed on the electrode plate 1 .

[0034] Specifically, the wave shape is a sinusoidal function waveform, and the phase difference between the sinusoidal function waveforms of two adjacent fluid channel ridges 2 is 180°.

[0035] Under the sine function waveform with a phase difference of 180°, when the valleys of two adjacent fluid channel ridges 2 are opposite to each other, the flow cross section is the smallest, which is the narrow channel area 7. When the peaks of two adjacent fluid channel ridges 2 are opposite to each other, the flow cross section is the largest, which is the wide channel area 6. In order to increase the flow velocity variation of the fuel cell gas in the wide channel area 6 and the narrow channel area 7, fluid islands 3 are provided in both the wide channel area 6 and the narrow channel area 7, and the number of the fluid islands 3 distributed in the wide channel area 6 is greater than that in the narrow channel area 7.

[0036] Furthermore, the number of the fluid islands 3 distributed in the wide flow channel area 6 and the narrow flow channel area 7 is 1 and 2 respectively.

[0037] Specifically, the two fluid islands 3 are symmetrically distributed in the wide channel area 6 , and the two fluid islands are distributed in an inclined manner, and the single fluid island 3 is centrally arranged in the narrow channel area 7 .

[0038] In this embodiment, the fluid islands 3 are evenly distributed in the wide channel area 6 and the narrow channel area 7. Under the premise of ensuring uniform mixing of the gases, the flow velocity of the fuel cell in the wide channel area 6 and the narrow channel area 7 can be changed. A rough surface can be formed inside the channel to generate turbulence to promote the mixing of the consumed layer gas and the enriched layer gas, so that the reaction medium can be transferred more effectively and the generated water can be discharged more effectively, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The utility model changes the fluid flow rate and pressure at each position point in the fluid channel, and can form a rough surface inside the flow channel to generate turbulence to promote the mixing of the depleted layer gas and the enriched layer gas, more effectively transfer the reaction medium and more effectively discharge the generated water, which has the advantages of improving the performance of the battery stack, improving the reaction efficiency, and extending the life of the battery stack.

[0041] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure, characterized in that: including plates, fluid channel ridges, and fluid islands; There are a plurality of fluid channel ridges, and the fluid channel ridges are distributed on the electrode plate, and fluid channels are formed between adjacent fluid channel ridges; The fluid channel is used for the circulation of fuel cell reaction gas; The fluid island is disposed in the fluid channel, and the fluid channel is used to change the flow rate of the fuel cell reaction gas.

2. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid channel ridges are arranged in a wave shape, and a plurality of the fluid channel ridges are evenly distributed on the electrode plate.

3. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wave shape is a sinusoidal function waveform.

4. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phase difference between the sinusoidal function waveforms of two adjacent fluid channel ridges is 180°.

5. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid channel has a wide channel area and a narrow channel area which are arranged at intervals, and the number of the fluid islands distributed in the wide channel area is greater than the number of the fluid islands distributed in the narrow channel area.

6. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the fluid islands distributed in the wide flow channel area and the narrow flow channel area is 1 and 2 respectively.

7. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two fluid islands are symmetrically distributed in the wide flow channel area, and the two fluid islands are distributed in an inclined shape.

8. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single fluid island is centrally disposed in the narrow channel region.

9. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas inlet is arranged on the electrode plate.

10. The sinusoidal function ridge elliptical island fuel cell flow field structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Electrodes are arranged at the ends of the pole plates.

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