Distraction fixing device for minimally invasive spinal surgery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a distraction fixing device for minimally invasive spinal surgery, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. In order to solve the problems that a thoracolumbar vertebral fracture percutaneous pedicle screw extraction surgical incision is difficult to expose and the operation is difficult, the utility model designs the distraction fixing device for the minimally invasive spinal surgery, and the distraction fixing device is mainly structurally characterized in that a duckbilled distraction sheet can be convenient to probe downwards in a closed state; the distraction sheet can be cylindrical through the handle, so that the subsequent operation of the surgery is facilitated; when necessary, the distraction rod fixer can be locked to prevent the muscle soft tissue from rebounding; the distraction fixing device for the minimally invasive spinal surgery can be operated by a doctor with one hand, the surgery time can be obviously shortened, the structure is simple, manufacturing is convenient, and the actual using effect can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and specifically relates to a distraction and fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery. Background Art

[0002] With the development of minimally invasive spinal surgery, percutaneous pedicle screw reduction and fixation surgery is increasingly used in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures; it has the advantages of small incisions, less bleeding, and less trauma. During the internal fixation surgery for thoracolumbar fractures, the doctor determines the surface projection of the pedicle where the screw is to be placed based on fluoroscopic positioning, makes an incision at the corresponding position, and the length is about 1.5 cm. In most cases, 4-8 incisions are required, and the pedicle screws are inserted into the body using specific instruments.

[0003] The internal fixation device of thoracolumbar fracture surgery routinely needs to be removed. However, due to the small incision and deep position of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation, and the tight muscle fascia of the waist and back, it is difficult to expose the surgical field, which is particularly obvious for obese or muscular patients. At present, the internal fixation removal surgery for patients with percutaneous screw placement often requires 1-2 assistants to use ordinary retractors to assist in opening the surgical field, and sometimes even the incision needs to be appropriately extended. This operation method significantly increases the operation time, low work efficiency, and wastes human resources.

[0004] The patent with publication number CN205251589U discloses a minimally invasive channel for the spine, including a slide rail, a fixed strut fixed to the slide rail, and a movable strut slidably arranged on the slide rail. A sliding drive mechanism for driving the movable strut to slide and a fixing mechanism for fixing the sliding position of the movable strut are arranged between the movable strut and the slide rail. A first semi-cylindrical blade is connected to the fixed strut, and a second semi-cylindrical blade for docking with the first semi-cylindrical blade to form a cylindrical structure is connected to the movable strut. Each semi-cylindrical blade is rotatably connected to the corresponding strut through a rotating mechanism, and each rotating mechanism is provided with a ratchet mechanism that enables the semi-cylindrical blade to swing and open only in one direction around the rotation axis.

[0005] However, the design of the utility model is relatively complex, the cost is relatively high, and the overall size of the device is large, which easily blocks the line of sight. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above problems, the technical ideas adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problems are:

[0007] Two upwardly curved support rods are provided, and a spreading sheet is provided at the bottom end of the support rod, and a spreading rod fixer is provided at the upper part of the support rod to prevent muscle soft tissue from rebounding.

[0008] The specific plan is as follows:

[0009] A distraction and fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery comprises a muscle tissue distractor, a handle and a distraction rod fixer; the muscle tissue distractor comprises a first distractor rod, a second distractor rod and a distraction plate; the lower parts of the first distractor rod and the second distractor rod are both parabolic with an opening upward, the middle parts are hinged by a hinge shaft, and the upper parts are both parabolic with an opening downward, which are used to retract muscle tissue in the horizontal direction; the lower front ends of the first distractor rod and the second distractor rod are connected to the distraction plate; the distraction rod fixer is connected between the upper parts of the first distractor rod and the second distractor rod; the handle is connected to the upper top of the first distractor rod and the second distractor rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper and lower parts of the first spreading rod and the second spreading rod are projected on a horizontal plane to form an angle of 15°-30°.

[0011] According to the above scheme, a further preferred scheme is that the expansion piece is in a duckbill shape with an arc-shaped cross section, and the first expansion rod and the second expansion rod are pulled apart to drive the expansion piece to expand to form a cylindrical structure.

[0012] In order to implement the above solution, another preferred solution is that the expansion rod fixer includes a fixing rod and a fixing block; the fixing block is connected to the upper part of the second expansion rod; the fixing rod is placed horizontally, one end of which is connected to one end of the first expansion rod, and the other end passes through the fixing block.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the utility model has the following technical effects:

[0014] The duckbill-shaped expansion piece can be conveniently lowered when in a closed state; the expansion piece can be made cylindrical by the handle, which is convenient for subsequent operation; when necessary, the expansion rod fixer can be locked to prevent muscle and soft tissue from rebounding; the utility model discloses a expansion and fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery, which can be completed by a doctor with one hand and can significantly shorten the operation time, and has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and can effectively solve the problem that the surgical incision for percutaneous pedicle screw removal of thoracic and lumbar fractures is difficult to reveal and difficult to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0016] Figure 1 It is an overall diagram of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the second spreading rod;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a spreader bar holder;

[0019] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the spreader bar holder;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the spherical axis;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a folded schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Icons: 1. First spread rod; 2. Second spread rod; 3. Articulated shaft; 4. Spread plate; 5. Handle; 6. Spread rod fixer; 61. Fixing rod; 62. Fixing block; 621. Spherical shaft; 622. Nut; 63. Fixing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will be combined with the appended Figure 1-6 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0024] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the application are usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. Example

[0027] The inventors have found that the existing operating methods significantly increase the operation time for thoracolumbar fractures. Therefore, it is necessary to make innovations to improve work efficiency, save manpower, shorten operation time, and reduce surgical risks.

[0028] The present application provides a distraction fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery, referring to Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes a muscle tissue spreader and a handle 5; the muscle tissue spreader includes a first spreader rod 1, a second spreader rod 2 and a spreader sheet 4;

[0029] The first expansion rod 1 and the second expansion rod 2 are hinged in the middle, and two expansion plates 4 are provided. The two expansion plates 4 are respectively vertically arranged at the lower ends of the first expansion rod 1 and the second expansion rod 2, and the upper ends of the first expansion rod 1 and the second expansion rod 2 are respectively provided with handles 5, which can be circular or semi-circular.

[0030] Furthermore, the shapes of the first stretching rod 1 and the second stretching rod 2 are both parabolic, and the first stretching rod 1 and the second stretching rod 2 are hinged at the apex of the parabola by a hinge shaft 3; the cross-section of the stretching piece 4 is an arc-shaped structure, and when the first stretching rod 1 and the second stretching rod 2 are closed, the two stretching pieces 4 are clamped into a duckbill structure to facilitate the stretching piece to enter the incision, and when the first stretching rod 1 and the second stretching rod 2 are stretched, the two stretching pieces 4 can be driven to form a cylindrical structure. Therefore, when in use, the first stretching rod 1 and the second stretching rod 2 are driven to move by hand force, and when the first stretching rod 1 and the second stretching rod 2 are opened and closed, the two stretching pieces at the ends of the first stretching rod 1 and the second stretching rod 2 can also be driven to move, and the cylindrical structure formed when the distance between the two stretching pieces 4 increases can stretch the incision.

[0031] In order to match the size and depth of the incision during surgery, the length of the expansion piece 4 is set to 5-5.5 cm. At the same time, the arc length of the expansion piece 4 gradually decreases in the direction away from the first expansion rod 1, the arc length of the expansion piece 4 tail is 1-1.1 cm, and the arc length of the expansion piece 4 head is 0.8-0.9 cm.

[0032] Operation process: Insert the expansion piece into the incision when it is in the closed state, and then open the handle to expand the skin after reaching the appropriate position. Example

[0033] It should be noted that, based on the first embodiment, a spreading rod fixer 6 is further provided between the first spreading rod 1 and the second spreading rod 2, and the spreading rod fixer is located at one end away from the spreading sheet 4, and the spreading rod fixer 6 includes a group of fixing sheets 63 welded on the first spreading rod 1, a fixing rod 61 horizontally arranged between the first spreading rod 1 and the second spreading rod 2 and one end of which is hinged to the fixing sheet by an axis, and a fixing block 62 welded on the second spreading rod 2; a circular groove matching the diameter of the fixing rod is provided in the horizontal direction of the lower part of the fixing block, and the other end of the fixing rod passes through the circular groove and extends to the outside of the fixing block;

[0034] In the above technical solution, the upper part of the fixed block 62 is horizontally penetrated by a spherical shaft 621, the spherical shaft is perpendicular to the circular groove, one end of the spherical shaft is provided with a thread, and the middle part is provided with an arcuate surface groove matching the outer side surface of the fixed rod, the arcuate surface groove is fitted with the fixed rod 61, and the outer side of the fixed block 62 and one end of the thread of the spherical shaft are threadedly connected with a nut 622, and the opening and closing locking of the fixed rod can be controlled by adjusting the nut.

[0035] Take the fixation of a single vertebral fracture with 6 pedicle screws as an example:

[0036] The incision length is 1.5 cm; the distance between the pedicle connecting rod and the skin is usually in the range of 3-6 cm. Commonly used thyroid retractors are often not deep enough and slightly too wide, requiring two hands to maintain retraction, and are difficult to expose well.

[0037] The utility model discloses a distraction fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery. When the doctor first cuts the skin and subcutaneous fascia along the original incision scar, he or she pinches the tail ends of the two distraction pieces in a closed state with one hand, inserts the head end into the incision, and then continues to push the distraction piece downward to touch the deep part. The doctor can feel the built-in object by hand, and after the built-in object is found, he or she grasps the handle at the position to drive the first distraction rod and the second distraction rod to open the distraction piece to distract the skin. Then, he or she holds the electric knife with the other hand to cut the deep fascia so that the tail cap of the pedicle screw is exposed, and the size of the distraction piece opening and closing is appropriately adjusted. and position, and then push downward again along both sides of the tail end of the pedicle screw, so that the tail of the pedicle screw in the incision is completely exposed; when necessary, the expander rod fixer can be locked to prevent muscle and soft tissue from rebounding; therefore, the present application solves the problem that 1-2 assistants are needed to assist in expanding the incision when removing the pedicle screw in the existing method through the above method. This process can be completed by a doctor with one hand, and the operation time can be significantly shortened. The structure is simple and easy to manufacture, and the problem that the surgical incision for percutaneous pedicle screw removal of thoracic and lumbar fractures is difficult to expose and difficult to operate can be effectively solved.

[0038] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A distraction and fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery, characterized in that: It includes a muscle tissue spreader and a spreader rod fixator (6); The muscle tissue spreader comprises a first spreader rod (1), a second spreader rod (2) and a spreader sheet (4); The first spreading rod (1) and the second spreading rod (2) are both parabolic in shape, and are hinged in the middle via a hinge shaft (3) for retracting muscle tissue in the horizontal direction; The lower front ends of the first spreading rod (1) and the second spreading rod (2) are both connected to the spreading piece (4); The spreading rod fixer (6) is connected between the upper parts of the first spreading rod (1) and the second spreading rod (2).

2. A distraction and fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower parts of the first spreading rod (1) and the second spreading rod (2) are projected on a horizontal plane to form an angle of 15° to 30°.

3. The distraction and fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion piece (4) is in a duckbill shape and has an arc-shaped cross section. The first expansion rod (1) and the second expansion rod (2) are pulled apart to drive the expansion piece (4) to expand and form a cylindrical structure.

4. The distraction and fixation device for minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spreading rod fixer (6) comprises a fixing rod (61) and a fixing block (62); The fixing block (62) is connected to the upper part of the second spreading rod (2); The fixing rod (61) is placed horizontally, one end of which is connected to one end of the first spreading rod (1), and the other end of which passes through the fixing block (62).

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