Fixture for improving turning precision through point-face combined multi-dimensional positioning mode

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of turning clamps, in particular to a clamp capable of improving turning precision in a point-face combined multi-dimensional positioning mode. Comprising a base; the plurality of chucks are uniformly arranged on the base at equal intervals; the positioning pieces are arranged between the adjacent chucks, the end face of a to-be-machined part is in contact positioning through the positioning pieces, and the to-be-machined part is wrapped and fixed through the chucks in the circumferential direction; the positioning piece comprises a supporting seat, the head end of the supporting seat is fixed on the base, and the tail end of the supporting seat extends outwards; the positioning block is arranged at the tail end of the supporting seat; the chuck is of a coating structure, and a coating block is arranged on the periphery of the chuck. The utility model provides the clamp for improving the turning precision through a point-surface combined multi-dimensional positioning mode, which has the advantages of wide application range, high machining precision, high working efficiency, simple structure, convenience in operation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of turning fixtures, and in particular to a fixture which improves turning accuracy by combining point and surface with multi-dimensional positioning. Background Art

[0002] A machine tool fixture is a device used to clamp workpieces and guide cutting tools on machine tools. It refers to a fixture specially designed for a certain process of a certain workpiece. It is characterized by compact structure, quick, convenient and labor-saving operation, and can ensure high processing accuracy and production efficiency. However, the design and manufacturing cycle is long and the manufacturing cost is also high. When the product is changed, the fixture will be scrapped because it can no longer be used. It is only suitable for production with fixed products and large batches.

[0003] Chinese patent CN216632623U discloses a high-precision external cylindrical turning fixture, comprising a fixture table, a turntable is rotatably connected to the middle of the top of the fixture table, three sliding grooves are opened at the top of the fixture table, sliding blocks are slidably connected to the inside of the three sliding grooves, a vertical plate is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the three sliding blocks, an anti-skid mechanism is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the three vertical plates, the three anti-skid mechanisms include a fixed column, a reset spring, an extension rod and an anti-skid pad, and a reset spring is fixedly installed inside the fixed column. The utility model is a high-precision external cylindrical turning fixture. By arranging three vertical plates, three sliding blocks and three anti-skid mechanisms, three points form a triangle, three-point support is performed from the outside of the wheel hub, replacing the traditional two-point support, improving the stability of the fixture clamping the wheel hub, and by arranging the anti-skid mechanism, the wheel hub is prevented from falling off during processing, the waste of raw materials and costs is reduced, and the qualified rate of the wheel hub is improved.

[0004] However, this technical solution uses springs to limit the anti-slip nature of parts. After a period of use, the performance of the springs will decrease, resulting in instability of the fixture, so it needs to be replaced regularly, which increases the cost of use. The size of the fixture table is fixed and cannot be adjusted accordingly according to the size of the parts. It can only process parts of a limited size, which has great limitations. When parts of different sizes need to be processed, the fixture table can only be replaced, which is cumbersome to operate, inconvenient to use, and has low work efficiency. In addition, the fixture has a complex structure and is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to address the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a fixture that improves turning accuracy through a point-surface combination multi-dimensional positioning method, and achieves the function of ensuring that the stability of the fixture does not change with use time by coordinating positioning parts with multiple chucks, thereby solving the problem of instability of the fixture after long-term use in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point-surface positioning with multi-dimensional positioning, comprising:

[0008] Base;

[0009] A plurality of chucks are evenly and equally arranged on the base; and

[0010] The positioning piece is arranged between adjacent chucks. The end face of the workpiece to be processed is contacted and positioned by the positioning piece, and its circumference is fixed by being covered by the chuck.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning member comprises:

[0012] A support base, a first end of which is fixed to the base and a rear end of which extends outward; and

[0013] A positioning block is arranged at the end of the support seat.

[0014] Preferably, the chuck is a coating structure, and a coating block is arranged on its periphery.

[0015] Preferably, the top surface of the positioning block is higher than the inner end surface of the chuck.

[0016] Preferably, a slide groove is provided at the end of the support seat, and the positioning block is provided in the slide groove.

[0017] Preferably, nuts are provided at both ends of the positioning block.

[0018] Preferably, the support seat and the base are fixedly connected via a plurality of fasteners.

[0019] Preferably, the support seat is arranged in the gap between adjacent chucks.

[0020] Preferably, the length of the support seat is matched with the radius of the chuck.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] (1) The utility model fixes and clamps the part to be processed by the chuck and the positioning member, avoids the end face of the part directly contacting the chuck, eliminates the influence of the chuck accuracy on the part accuracy, and also avoids the influence of the part deflection caused by the three jaws not being synchronized when the chuck is clamped on the part processing accuracy. This structure can effectively reduce the influence of the machine tool clamping mechanism and other factors on the part accuracy, thereby improving the part processing accuracy. The three positioning members form a three-point positioning for the part, and cooperate with the covering structure of the chuck to form a point-surface combination positioning method, which makes the part more stable and will not deviate, further ensuring the processing accuracy. The fixture has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble and assemble, and has a low cost of use.

[0023] (2) The utility model has a chuck that is movably arranged on the base, so that the fixture can clamp parts of different sizes, has a wider range of applications, does not need to replace the machine, is easy to use, and has high work efficiency.

[0024] (3) The utility model adjusts the height of the positioning block by means of a nut, and the positioning block can move in a slide groove on the support seat, thereby realizing the position and height adjustment of the positioning block, so that the parts to be processed are in the optimal processing position, and the operation is simple and easy to use.

[0025] In summary, the utility model has the advantages of wide application range, high processing precision, high working efficiency, simple structure and convenient operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified image of point A;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a side view of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of point B;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a top view of the utility model.

[0031] Figure numerals: 1-base; 2-chuck; 21-coating block; 22-gap; 3-positioning piece; 31-support seat; 311-slide groove; 312-fastener; 32-positioning block; 33-nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the equipment or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0034] Example

[0035] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a fixture that improves turning accuracy by combining point-surface and multi-dimensional positioning, and is particularly suitable for large, high-precision, thin-walled annular mechanical parts with an outer diameter greater than 300 mm (such as bearing part processing), comprising: a base 1, a plurality of chucks 2 evenly and equally arranged on the base 1, and a positioning member 3 arranged between adjacent chucks 2. The end face of the part to be processed is contact-positioned by the positioning member 3, and the circumference is fixed by the chuck 2. The covering arrangement increases the contact area between the chuck 2 and the part to be processed, so that the clamping force of the chuck 2 is evenly distributed on the outer diameter surface of the part, thereby greatly reducing the triangular deformation caused by the clamping force of the chuck 2, ensuring the stability of the part, and further ensuring its processing accuracy.

[0036] Among them, the chuck 2 is preferably three, which is equivalent to forming a three-jaw chuck 2, and three positioning parts 3 are also formed accordingly. The chuck 2 and the positioning parts 3 fix and clamp the part to be processed to avoid direct contact between the end face of the part and the chuck 2, thereby eliminating the influence of the accuracy of the chuck 2 on the accuracy of the part. At the same time, it also avoids the influence of the part deflection caused by the three jaws of the chuck 2 being not synchronized when clamping on the part. The influence on the part processing accuracy is avoided. This structure can effectively reduce the influence of the machine tool clamping mechanism and other factors on the part accuracy, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the part. The three positioning parts 3 form a three-point positioning for the part, and cooperate with the covering structure of the chuck 2, adopting a point-surface combination positioning method, making the part more stable and suitable for large-size parts.

[0037] At the same time, the positioning member 3 includes: a support seat 31 and a positioning block 32 arranged at the end of the support seat 31. The head end of the support seat 31 is fixed on the base 1, and the end thereof extends outward. The parts are positioned by the positioning block 32, which is simple to operate and easy to use.

[0038] In this embodiment, the top surface of the positioning block 32 is slightly higher than the inner end surface of the chuck 2, and the heights of the three positioning blocks 32 should be consistent to ensure uniform force on the parts, make them more stable during processing, and reduce errors.

[0039] In this embodiment, a slide groove 311 is provided at the end of the support seat 31, and the positioning block 32 is provided in the slide groove 311, that is, the positioning block 32 can move in the slide groove 311 to adjust the position of the positioning block 32 to ensure that the force on the parts is more uniform and stable, thereby making the parts in the best processing position.

[0040] In this embodiment, nuts 33 are provided at both ends of the positioning block 32, and the positioning block 32 has threads. The height of the positioning block 32 is adjusted by the nuts 33 so that the parts to be processed are in the optimal processing position. The operation is simple and easy to use. The height of the positioning block 32 is adjusted by the nuts 33, and the top surface of the positioning block 32 is always slightly higher than the inner end surface of the chuck 2 to ensure that the force on the parts is more uniform and stable, thereby making the parts in the optimal processing position.

[0041] In this embodiment, the chuck 2 is a covering structure, and a covering block 21 is arranged on its outer periphery, and the top surface of the covering block 21 is higher than the top surface of the positioning block 32, so as to ensure that the positioning block 32 and the covering block 21 can both act on the part to be processed, and the two cooperate with each other to firmly fix the part to be processed on the chuck 2. One covering block 21 is one-third of a circle, and three pieces are formed as a whole circle by turning. It has a simple structure and is easy to use. It is only necessary to check whether the size of the covering block 21 is consistent with the outer diameter of the part and whether the positioning block 32 supports the end face of the part at three points. If so, retract the chuck 2, fix the part, and start turning. If not, repeat the above operation until processing can be carried out.

[0042] In this embodiment, the support seat 31 and the base 1 are fixedly connected by a plurality of fasteners 312. The fasteners 312 are preferably bolts, which have a simple structure, good fixing effect, and are convenient to install and disassemble.

[0043] In this embodiment, the support seat 31 is arranged in the gap 22 between adjacent chucks 2, and the size of the gap 22 is slightly larger than the width of the support seat 31, so that the support seat 31 can be smoothly installed in the gap 22, and the thickness of the support seat 31 shall not exceed the height range of the covering block 21, leaving clamping space for the positioning block 32 on the support seat 31, so that the positioning block 32 can cooperate with the covering block 21 to clamp the parts.

[0044] Of course, the length of the support seat 31 is adapted to the radius of the chuck 2, that is, the range of the slide groove 311 cannot exceed the radius range of the chuck 2, so as to avoid the positioning block 32 being located outside the chuck 2, resulting in its positioning failure and the problem of insufficient stability of the parts.

[0045] In addition, according to actual production tests, for an annular part with an outer diameter of 540mm and a wall thickness of 8mm, the out-of-roundness of the outer diameter of the part can be improved from 0.1mm to 0.05mm, and the end face parallelism error can be improved from 0.2mm to 0.045mm by processing through the above mechanism.

[0046] The working process of this embodiment is: first, properly adjust the chuck 2, then measure the outer diameter of the part before processing, and directly turn the covering block 21 of the chuck 2 by the machine tool until the outer diameter of the covering block 21 is basically consistent with the measured outer diameter of the part, then adjust the position and height of the positioning block 32, and the heights of the three positioning blocks 32 should be kept consistent. After the adjustment is completed, fix them with the nut 33, and finally start turning.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point and surface positioning in multiple dimensions, characterized in that: include: Base; A plurality of chucks are evenly and equally arranged on the base; as well as The positioning piece is arranged between adjacent chucks. The end face of the workpiece to be processed is contacted and positioned by the positioning piece, and its circumference is fixed by being covered by the chuck.

2. A fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point and surface positioning in multiple dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning member comprises: A support base, a first end of which is fixed to the base and a rear end of which extends outward; and A positioning block is arranged at the end of the support seat.

3. The fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point and surface positioning in multiple dimensions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck is a covering structure, and a covering block is arranged on its periphery.

4. The fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point and surface positioning in a multi-dimensional manner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the positioning block is higher than the inner end surface of the chuck.

5. The fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point and surface positioning in multiple dimensions according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slide groove is arranged at the end of the support seat, and the positioning block is arranged in the slide groove.

6. The fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point and surface positioning in multiple dimensions according to claim 2, characterized in that: Nuts are arranged at both ends of the positioning block.

7. The fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point and surface positioning in multiple dimensions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support seat and the base are fixedly connected via a plurality of fasteners.

8. The fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point-surface positioning with multi-dimensional positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting seat is arranged in the gap between adjacent chucks.

9. The fixture for improving turning accuracy by combining point and surface positioning in multiple dimensions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the support seat is matched with the radius of the chuck.

Images