Photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for desert environment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for a desert environment. The photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system comprises a symmetrical multi-surface supporting frame body, a gravity body, a photovoltaic cell panel, a motor system and a pulley block system, the symmetrical multi-surface supporting frame body comprises supporting columns arranged according to vertex angles and central point positions of a regular polygon, the gravity body is arranged in the symmetrical multi-surface supporting frame body, and sand is used as a heavy object in the gravity body; when the coaxial symmetric generator / motor is in a gravity energy storage mode, electric power is obtained from a photovoltaic panel in the daytime to provide power for a pulley block system, and a gravity body is lifted to a high position through a steel wire rope; in a gravity power generation mode at night, the gravity body descends to provide power for the pulley block system, and the steel wire rope drives the coaxial symmetric generator / motor to generate power. A plurality of mechanical gravity energy storage devices are combined into a system, night time is averagely distributed, the rotating speed of a steel wire rope winding and unwinding wheel can be increased, the reduction ratio is reduced, and therefore the energy storage and power generation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy storage technology, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for a desert environment. Background Art

[0002] As the utilization rate of renewable energy continues to increase around the world, solving the intermittent and volatile issues of clean energy such as solar energy has become an important research topic in the field of energy storage. Existing energy storage technologies, including lithium batteries and pumped storage, have limitations in energy density, environmental adaptability, safety and cost. These technologies are difficult to meet the needs of large-scale energy storage, especially under special environmental conditions, such as desert areas.

[0003] In harsh geographical environments such as deserts, traditional energy storage technologies face severe challenges due to natural conditions such as high temperature and sandstorms. Lithium batteries are prone to safety issues due to poor thermal stability, and pumped storage is difficult to build in desert areas due to geographical restrictions. Therefore, the demand for energy storage solutions for extreme environments is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0004] Mechanical gravity energy storage technology has gradually become the focus of research because of its advantages such as not relying on scarce resources, having high energy conversion efficiency and strong environmental adaptability. Mechanical gravity energy storage stores energy in a physical way, does not involve chemical reactions, and has the characteristics of simple operation, strong environmental adaptability and high safety. However, the existing mechanical gravity energy storage technology still has room for development in terms of efficient energy conversion, system integration and cost control. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model discloses a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for desert environments, which relies on the height difference of a large mass object to perform lifting and lowering to complete the energy storage and power generation process.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the utility model is specifically a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for desert environments, comprising:

[0007] Symmetrical multi-sided support steel frame, gravity body, photovoltaic panels, motor system, pulley system;

[0008] The symmetrical multi-faceted support steel frame includes a support column, a trunnion beam, a first crossbeam, a second crossbeam, an elastic buffer platform, and a base;

[0009] The support columns are arranged in the following manner: arranged according to the vertex angles and center points of regular polygons, the support columns are perpendicular to the elastic buffer platform and vertically arranged, and the trunnion connects the upper ends of two adjacent support columns in sequence; the two ends of the second crossbeam are connected to the upper ends of the oppositely arranged support columns, and the two ends of the first crossbeam are connected to the midpoints of the oppositely arranged trunnion beams and extend out of the trunnion beams;

[0010] The gravity body is horizontally arranged in the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame, and the shape of the gravity body is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame. The top corner of the gravity body slides horizontally along the height of the support column through the tension wheel on the inner side of the support column;

[0011] The motor system comprises: a reducer and a coaxial symmetrical motor / generator connected to each other, wherein a retractable wire rope wheel is arranged in the center of the reducer;

[0012] The photovoltaic panels are arranged around the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame, the photovoltaic panels are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, the photovoltaic panels are connected to a coaxial symmetrical generator / motor, and the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor provides power for the pulley system;

[0013] The pulley system is composed of multiple pairs of upper and lower pulleys and corresponding steel wire ropes and positioning wheels. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the retractable steel wire rope wheel, and passes through the positioning wheel, the lower pulley and the upper pulley in each group in turn. The lower pulley is connected to the gravity body, and the upper pulley is connected to the second crossbeam.

[0014] The elastic buffer platform is located on the base and is an integrated structure with the base.

[0015] Preferably, limiters are installed on the outer wall of the support column, near the top and bottom of the support column.

[0016] Preferably, the base is a cement base, the upper surface of which is 1 to 10 meters higher than the level of the surrounding desert, and a sand retaining wall is arranged at the outer edge of the base.

[0017] Preferably, the gravity body is of 10,000-ton grade; the gravity body adopts a polygonal storage box structure, and the interior of the storage box is divided into multiple areas by reinforcing ribs, and the number of areas is twice the number of sides of the polygonal storage box structure.

[0018] Preferably, the regular polygon is one of a regular hexagon, a regular octagon, a regular decagon, a regular dodecagon, a regular hexadecagon, and a regular icosagon.

[0019] Preferably, the top angle of the gravity body is connected to the tension wheel via a hinge structure, and a tension spring is also provided between the connections.

[0020] Preferably, the motor systems are placed on elastic buffer platforms respectively, and the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor system is flexibly connected to the elastic buffer platforms.

[0021] Preferably, the system further comprises an automatic sensing device for monitoring whether the pulley system fails, and sending the monitored abnormal signal to the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor to control the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor to switch to a power generation state.

[0022] A braking device is provided below the pulley block system.

[0023] It also includes multiple photovoltaic gravity energy storage devices and power control systems. Multiple photovoltaic gravity energy storage devices cooperate with wind turbines to perform power compensation on multiple sets of photovoltaic gravity energy storage devices.

[0024] The power control system is used to regulate the energy exchange and power between the photovoltaic gravity energy storage device and the power grid. Its parameters are the output power of the energy storage device and the load demand of the power grid.

[0025] The utility model provides a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for desert environments. The system obtains electricity from photovoltaic panels during the day to provide power for the pulley system, and lifts the gravity body to a high place through the wire rope; in the gravity power generation mode at night, the gravity body descends to provide power for the pulley system, and the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor is driven to generate electricity through the wire rope. By combining multiple mechanical gravity energy storage devices into one system and evenly distributing the night time, the speed of the wire rope retracting and releasing wheel can be increased, the reduction ratio can be reduced, and the energy storage and power generation efficiency can be improved.

[0026] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present utility model, and together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for a desert environment provided by the disclosed embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for a desert environment provided by the disclosed embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3A partial structural schematic diagram of a main shaft in a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for a desert environment provided in an embodiment disclosed by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the utility model. Instead, they are only examples of systems consistent with some aspects of the utility model as detailed in the attached claims.

[0033] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for desert environments, including a symmetrical multi-faceted support frame, a gravity body 1, a photovoltaic panel, a plurality of coaxial symmetrical generator / motor systems, and a pulley system;

[0034] The symmetrical multi-faceted support frame includes a support column 5, a trunnion beam 6, a crossbeam 1 7, a crossbeam 2 8, an elastic buffer platform 9, and a base;

[0035] As the preferred technical solution, the base needs to be able to provide sufficient support and stability to ensure the stability and safety of the mechanical structure and power equipment. Therefore, the materials and structures of the base need to be carefully designed and calculated. If the base uses high-strength cement as the base material, seawater cement can be used in coastal desert areas. The total mass of the base must have excellent anti-sand, anti-sedimentation and stability in the desert environment. The base area is larger than the overall area of ​​the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame structure, and can also be larger than the total area of ​​the entire photovoltaic panel array, and the photovoltaic panel array is placed on the base. The upper surface of the cement base should be 1 to 10 meters higher than the surrounding desert level to prevent the desert from flowing and covering the base, and a sand retaining wall can be set on the outer edge of the base.

[0036] The symmetrical multi-faceted structure ultra-large capacity photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system designed for the desert environment may be affected by shock and vibration when the huge mass of the gravity body box is descending, so an elastic buffer platform is needed to alleviate the impact. This elastic buffer platform is made of elastic materials such as springs, and the bottom is set as an elastic support plate. When the box descends, it will fall on this elastic support plate to produce a certain amount of settlement, thereby reducing the impact force. At the same time, vibration-damping rubber can also be set under the support plate to enhance the buffering effect. In addition, the size and elastic parameters of the elastic buffer platform should be accurately calculated and designed according to the size and mass of the energy storage device to ensure that during the descent of the box, the shock absorption and buffering capacity provided by the buffer platform can completely eliminate the damage and instability caused by shock and vibration to the energy storage device, thereby improving the service life and performance of the energy storage device. The use of an elastic buffer platform can effectively reduce the impact and vibration of the gravity energy storage system when releasing energy, and protect the safety and stability of the energy storage device.

[0037] As a preferred technical solution, the arrangement of the support columns 5 is as follows: arranged according to the vertex angles and center points of regular polygons, the support columns are perpendicular to the elastic buffer platform and vertically arranged, and the trunnion beam connects the vertices of two adjacent support columns in sequence; the two ends of the crossbeam 1 8 are connected to the upper ends of the oppositely arranged support columns, and the two ends of the crossbeam 2 7 are connected to the midpoints of the oppositely arranged trunnion beam 6; the elastic buffer platform 9 is located on the base and is an integrated structure with the base, and the crossbeam 1 8 serves to stabilize the overall frame.

[0038] The support columns 5 are connected to each other by offset matching, welding, screws and the like to ensure that the verticality error of the steel columns is less than 100 mm of lateral offset per 100 m of height.

[0039] In desert environments, due to low humidity, steel support columns and steel boxes will not have serious oxidation corrosion problems after long-term use, so ordinary building structural steel, such as Q235~Q460, can be used to reduce costs. In areas with high humidity, stainless steel or anti-corrosion paint can be used to solve the corrosion problem.

[0040] The support column 5 adopts a circular or annular cross-section design, and can adopt a seamless steel pipe or a welded steel pipe. This design can ensure the strength and stability of the support column, and is convenient for processing and installing the support column.

[0041] As a preferred technical solution, the gravity body 1 adopts a polygonal box, and multiple positioning wheels 11 can be set on the side of the prism, and the pulley can slide up and down along the supporting steel pipe to achieve smooth movement of the box. Regarding the connection between the pulley and the supporting steel pipe, a hinge structure can be used, and a tension spring can be added to maintain the positioning pulley in contact with the support column. The tension is between 10-1000Kg, which can maintain a good pulley fitting effect and system stability. Specifically, the hinge is installed at the top of the gravity body, and the hinge is connected to the tension wheel through a connecting rod, and the tension wheel is rotatable. A tension spring is provided between the connecting rod and the gravity body.

[0042] In summary, selecting appropriate support column materials and cross-sectional shapes, and designing reasonable pulley sets and box movement combinations are key elements in the design of energy storage devices, which can ensure the stable operation and safety of the energy storage system.

[0043] Specifically, the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame is surrounded by polygonal Q460 steel support columns and connecting trunnions to ensure stability and uniform force. The symmetrical multi-faceted structure adopts one of the regular hexagon, regular octagon, regular decagon, regular dodecagon, regular hexadecagon, and regular icosagon. Due to the low strength and fluidity of the desert body, the depth requirement for the buried steel support column is: the support column needs to go deep into the ground to reach the hard rock layer and be fixed with cement to ensure sufficient stability.

[0044] The photovoltaic panels are arranged around the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame, the photovoltaic panels are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, the photovoltaic panels are connected to a coaxial symmetrical generator / motor, and the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor provides power for the pulley system;

[0045] One end of the steel wire rope of each pair of upper and lower pulleys in the pulley block system is connected to the crossbeam 7, and the other end is connected to the gravity body.

[0046] The gravity body 1 is of 10,000-ton level. For example, local materials can be used for desert environments. The gravity body is sand carried in a steel box. The weight is 1,000 to 100,000 tons. The energy storage weight rises to a height of 50 to 500 meters.

[0047] The gravity body 1 adopts a polygonal storage box structure, and the interior of the storage box is divided into multiple areas by a reinforcing rib plate, and the number of areas is twice the number of sides of the polygonal storage box structure. In order to ensure that the gravity body support structure of the photovoltaic gravity energy storage device is stable and reliable, and to make full use of the heavy box, the interior of the box should be designed to be divided into areas symmetrical by reinforcing rib plates 14 that are twice the number of polyhedrons. Through this design, the free flow of sand inside the box can be restricted, the consistency of sand quality in each area can be ensured, and the stability of the device can be increased. In addition, in order to ensure the safe use of the storage box, it is necessary to perform strength calculations on the reinforcing rib plates and ensure a strength safety factor of more than 1.5 times to cope with the weight bearing requirements during hoisting.

[0048] In addition, the pulley system is installed on the gravity body reinforcement plate for hoisting and fixed at the pulley installation station. Such a design can facilitate the installation and maintenance of the device. Specifically, each motor / generator system lifts the steel energy storage box through an independent pulley system, so that the tension allocated to each motor / generator system and its matching pulley system is much smaller than the overall weight of the steel box. Taking the regular hexagon as an example, the tension of each system is 1 / 6 of the weight of the box. For other polygonal structures, corresponding adjustments are also made according to the weight of the box. Since the generator and the motor are the same equipment, their rotation process is reversible, so raising a large mass is to store energy, and when it descends, it drives the generator / motor to operate and generate electricity.

[0049] The system uses a motor / generator system and a matching pulley system in a symmetrical multi-faceted structure to lift the steel box, and stores energy and generates electricity through the mutual conversion of gravitational potential energy and mechanical energy, thereby achieving stable and efficient solar energy storage and power generation.

[0050] Specifically, the pulley system is composed of 4 to 20 pairs of upper and lower pulleys and corresponding steel wire ropes and tension wheels. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to a coaxial symmetrical generator / motor, and passes through a positioning wheel 11, and the lower pulley and upper pulley in each group in turn. The lower pulley 12 is connected to a reinforcing rib plate 14 of the gravity body, and the upper pulley is fixed on the second beam 7; the positioning wheel 11 is fixed on the first beam 7 extending outside the trunnion beam 6;

[0051] The number of the reinforcing rib plates 14 is consistent with the number of the upper and lower pulley assemblies;

[0052] The positioning wheel adopts a spring tensioning design, and uses the tensioning spring to keep the wire rope at a tension of 1 to 10 tons. It mainly adjusts the tension of the wire rope to ensure that the box will not fall or other dangerous situations during operation. In addition to maintaining the tension of the wire rope, the positioning wheel also has an important function, which is to prevent the box from falling. As an important part of the energy storage mechanical transmission, the wire rope is crucial to the safety and stability of the entire device. Therefore, by reasonably setting the position and tension parameters of the positioning wheel, accidents such as fatigue fracture of the wire rope can be effectively prevented, ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage machinery.

[0053] The motor / generator in this embodiment is used to lift the steel box of the gravity body to a height of tens to hundreds of meters, thereby converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, and then into gravitational potential energy for storage. Correspondingly, at night, the steel box descends to drive the pulley system and the generator, and the gravitational potential energy is converted into mechanical energy, and then into electrical energy, completing the energy storage and power generation process based on the height difference of the large-mass gravity body. Since tens of thousands of tons of ultra-large-mass mechanical gravity energy storage mechanisms need to work for a long time, even for dozens or hundreds of years, the previous offset reducers and motors will cause severe friction of the motor support bearings due to the huge torque, resulting in a shortened bearing life. Figure 3 As shown, the utility model adopts a coaxial symmetrical motor / generator, and two identical motors / generators 113 share a main shaft. A reducer and a wire rope retracting wheel 111 are arranged in the center of the main shaft, and the wire rope retracting wheel is meshed with a pinion 112 on the main shaft. This symmetrical design eliminates the severe wear caused by the eccentric torque of the previous design. It does not generate the eccentric torque of the traditional motor, thereby greatly increasing the service life of the mechanism, and can improve the power generation efficiency, ensuring the stable operation of the ultra-large mass mechanical gravity energy storage device under high-intensity and long-term work.

[0054] In order to further improve the power generation efficiency of the motor, a speed increaser can be set. Transmitting the device to the speed increaser can increase the speed of the generator, thereby increasing the output power of the generator and further improving the power generation efficiency. Accelerate the speed of energy conversion: The use of the speed increaser can speed up the speed of energy conversion and quickly convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, thereby improving the efficiency of energy conversion. Reduce the structural size and cost: Through the transmission of the speed increaser, the size and cost of the generator can be reduced. The speed increaser can convert low-speed motion into high-speed motion, allowing the use of smaller and lighter generators, thereby reducing structural costs.

[0055] The reasonable design of the pulley system and the reducer in the multiple coaxial symmetrical generator / motor system is crucial for the efficient operation of the energy storage device. During the energy storage process, it is necessary to achieve slow operation through the pulley system and the reducer system to achieve the purpose of reducing the lifting force of each generator / motor. At the same time, during the power generation process at night, it is also necessary to make full use of the stored gravitational potential energy.

[0056] When designing the pulley system and reducer system, it is necessary to set the reduction ratio reasonably to make full use of the effective sunshine time during the day to lift the heavy steel box from the lowest position to the highest position. For example, if the effective sunshine time is 8 hours and the total height of the box is 100 meters, the box movement speed can be calculated as: 100m / (8h x 3600s) = 3.47mm / s. Such a slow up and down movement speed will not cause severe vibration of the box, thereby ensuring the safety of the overall energy storage device.

[0057] In order to deal with the problems of power control and pulley system failure, each pulley system is set with a safety factor of 1.5 to 2 times the force. High-quality materials and reliable production processes are used to ensure that the quality of each component meets the requirements, thereby avoiding failure caused by self-factors.

[0058] The reasonable design of the pulley system and the reducer in the multiple coaxial symmetrical generator / motor system is crucial for the efficient operation of the energy storage device. During the energy storage process, it is necessary to achieve slow operation through the pulley system and the reducer system to achieve the purpose of reducing the lifting force of each generator / motor. At the same time, during the power generation process at night, it is also necessary to make full use of the stored gravitational potential energy.

[0059] The motor systems are placed on elastic buffer platforms respectively, and the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor system is softly connected to the elastic buffer platform. In order to avoid the huge torque friction generated during operation, the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor is softly connected to the elastic buffer platform. For example, springs, rubber and other materials can be added to the screws to achieve a connection with a certain position redundancy. Such a design will help reduce the stress on the main shaft, ensure that the main shaft will not be affected by excessive torque during rotation, and thus ensure the stable operation of the device.

[0060] Limiters are installed on the outer wall of the support column 5, near the top and bottom of the support column. The limiters can prevent the box from hitting the upper beam or the bottom surface during the process of rising or falling.

[0061] Preferably, the system in this embodiment can also be provided with an automatic sensing device: when a pulley system fails, the automatic sensing device is provided to promptly start the system's safety protection mechanism, switch the generator or motor to the gravity potential energy power generation state and control the box to descend to the bottom. This can avoid the box from falling rapidly, ensure the safety of the system operation, and also achieve a certain energy-saving effect.

[0062] The system in this embodiment also includes a locking brake device: a locking brake mechanism is installed on the support column and the rope collection wheel. In an emergency, the locking brake is used to quickly stop the movement of the gravity body.

[0063] The system in this embodiment also includes a braking device: when the pulley system fails, the descending speed of the box can be limited by setting a braking device or a brake pad to ensure safety. The braking device can be set under each pulley system and activated immediately when the pulley system fails; the brake pad can be installed on the generator or motor. Since the gravity body descends very quickly when there is no power load, the power load is preset by connecting to other systems, and the descending speed of the box is limited by energy consumption. Finally, measures such as dust and lightning protection for the generator and reducer bearings, and flashing lights on the top can also be adopted to address the above problems.

[0064] In order to ensure that the power of the solar panel can match the gravitational potential energy of the gravity box, it is necessary to calculate the minimum power required based on the box's mass, height, and lifting speed. At the same time, it is also necessary to consider the efficiency of the panel itself and the impact of environmental factors on the available power. The following is a method for calculating the power of the solar panel:

[0065] ①Calculate the kinetic energy and potential energy of the box

[0066] Assume the mass of the box is m, and it rises from a height of 0 to a height of h. Then its gravitational potential energy is the stored energy:

[0067] E=mgh

[0068] ② Minimum power required to obtain maximum energy storage

[0069] In order to lift the box to a height h per unit time t, the minimum power Wmin required should be equal to the ratio of the box potential energy E to the solar panel efficiency η plus the friction loss Ff when the box contacts the solar panel, that is:

[0070] Wmin=(E / η+Ffh) / t

[0071] In actual situations, in order to ensure the stable operation of the system, the actual power W must add a certain safety factor based on the minimum power.

[0072] W=Wmin

[0073] For the layout and installation of photovoltaic panels, the following aspects can be considered to maximize the use of solar energy resources:

[0074] Tracking arrangement: Considering the changing sunlight conditions in desert areas, a tracking system can be used to adjust the angle of the solar panel so that it always faces the sun. Tracking systems can be divided into single-axis tracking and dual-axis tracking. Single-axis tracking enables the solar panel to rotate in the horizontal plane, while dual-axis tracking enables the solar panel to rotate in both the horizontal and vertical planes.

[0075] String arrangement: In order to increase the voltage and power output of the system, solar panels are usually connected in series and in parallel to form a battery pack. Specifically, series arrangement: the positive and negative poles of multiple solar panels are connected together to increase the total voltage of the system. This method is suitable for situations where high voltage output is required. Parallel arrangement: the positive and negative poles of multiple solar panels are connected together to increase the total current of the system. This method is suitable for situations where high current output is required.

[0076] Finally, the efficiency of the solar panels may be affected by environmental factors such as weather and season, so it is necessary to make a reasonable estimate of the efficiency based on actual conditions. At the same time, the rising process of the box will also be affected by various losses such as friction, so the loss amount needs to be fully estimated and considered.

[0077] Preferably, multiple sets of photovoltaic gravity energy storage devices are set up in one area of ​​the desert to automatically control and adjust the power. The wind turbine can also be used to compensate the power of the energy storage system. In this system, reasonable power distribution and control are required between multiple devices to ensure the stable operation of the energy storage system and the power demand of users.

[0078] A power control system is used to achieve energy exchange and power regulation between the energy storage system and the power grid, including the output power of the energy storage device and the load demand of the power grid. During use, the power control system will continuously monitor the power reserve of the energy storage system and the load demand of the power grid, and distribute and adjust energy according to real-time demand.

[0079] For example, when the grid load demand is greater than the output power of the energy storage system, the power control system will stop the energy storage system from outputting and continue to store the stored energy. When the grid load demand is less than the output power of the energy storage system, the power control system will continue to output energy to meet the user's electricity demand.

[0080] In addition, the power control system can also perform power balance control between the energy storage system and the power grid to avoid dangerous situations such as grid collapse or overload due to insufficient power supply. Reasonable power distribution and control between multiple devices is an important part of the energy storage system design, which can ensure the stable operation of the system and the power demand of users. The design and implementation of the power control system is the key to improving the efficiency and service life of the energy storage system.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] Build hollow steel columns with multi-faceted symmetrical structures: Select Q460-grade hollow steel columns as the main supporting structural material to ensure stable support for oversized heavy objects, and adjust the material selection according to the characteristics of the desert environment. According to the requirements of the symmetrical multi-faceted frame structure, the hollow steel columns are arranged adjacent to each other at a certain spacing (about 6 meters) to form a multi-faceted symmetrical structure. According to the weight range of the gravity body, the number and spacing of the steel columns are reasonably arranged to support the corresponding gravity body, ensuring that the length of the hollow steel columns can meet the requirements of 50 to 500 meters below the desert surface, and adjusted and reinforced according to the specific geological conditions during the actual construction process.

[0083] Steel columns can be treated with corrosion protection, using suitable coatings or cladding materials to prevent corrosion and damage;

[0084] Flexible connections are added between the steel columns and the abutments to accommodate structural deformation caused by earthquakes or wind forces in desert geological conditions.

[0085] Construction of the base: Use high-strength cement as the base material to ensure that the base has good resistance to quicksand, anti-sedimentation and stability. At the same time, consider the special impact of the desert environment and select suitable materials and proportions. The area of ​​the base needs to be larger than the total area of ​​the gravity body support structure to ensure sufficient support and stability. At the same time, in view of the flowing sand in the desert environment, a sand retaining wall is set on the outer edge of the base to prevent flow coverage. The base structure needs to take into account the layout of the solar panel array to ensure that the base can carry power equipment and support structures, as well as adapt to the height requirements of the gravity body rising.

[0086] Design a symmetrical multi-faceted steel frame structure, surrounded by polygonal Q460 steel support columns and connecting trunnions to ensure stability and uniform force. Choose suitable symmetrical multi-faceted structures such as regular hexagons, octagons, 12-gons, and 24-gons, and design the structure according to the weight and rising height requirements of the specific gravity body. The supporting steel columns need to go deep into the ground to reach the hard rock layer and be fixed with cement to ensure sufficient stability and reliable support.

[0087] According to the required height of the gravity body, design and arrange elastic buffer platforms, tension wheels and other devices to ensure that the impact and vibration effects can be alleviated when the gravity body descends, thereby protecting the safety and stability of the energy storage device.

[0088] Choose support column materials suitable for desert environment and with good corrosion resistance to ensure long-term stable use. Design appropriate support column cross-sectional shape and movement combination to ensure the stability of the support column and the smoothness of the box movement.

[0089] A coaxial symmetrical bidirectional generator / motor solution is adopted. The solution consists of two identical motors sharing a common intermediate shaft. A pulley is set on the intermediate shaft to balance the upward torque and reduce friction. Calculations and experimental verifications of structural strength and material durability are carried out to ensure that the design of the intermediate shaft, pulley and contact parts has sufficient strength and durability to meet the requirements of long-term high-intensity operation.

[0090] Select the appropriate gear combination and design the reduction ratio to ensure that the generator / motor can be transported at a speed of about 12.5 meters per hour, or about 3mm / s, under the condition of eight hours of sunshine. This design is intended to ensure stability and effectiveness during transportation. Comprehensively consider the material, number of teeth, gear module and other parameters of the gear, and fully optimize the lubrication, heat dissipation and other systems to ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0091] The reducer and the rope pulley are arranged in the center of the coaxial symmetrical design to deal with the severe friction problem that may occur in the motor support bearing and ensure the stable operation of the system under long-term high-intensity work. This symmetrical design eliminates the severe wear caused by the eccentric torque of the traditional motor and improves the service life of the mechanism. The soft connection is designed to achieve a certain position redundancy at the connection between the motor and the base through springs, rubber and other materials to reduce the stress on the main shaft and ensure the stable operation of the device during operation. During the energy storage process, it is necessary to achieve slow operation through the pulley system and the reducer system to achieve the purpose of reducing tension.

[0092] In the design of the motor, considering the influence of high temperature environment and dust, special insulation and cooling measures adapted to the desert environment are adopted. Multiple coaxial symmetrical bidirectional motors can be used in series or parallel to design appropriate circuits and control systems to ensure load balance and coordinated work between the motors.

[0093] Photovoltaic panels arrangement on steel columns: Arranged according to the vertex angles and central nodes of regular polygons on steel columns supported by gravity bodies, and erected vertically to adapt to the symmetrical multi-faceted frame structure of the system. Polygonal arrangements such as 6, 8, 12, and 24 can be used.

[0094] A special pressure-resistant material layer is added to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, and photovoltaic panel materials with corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance are selected to prevent deformation or damage of the photovoltaic panel caused by factors such as dust and temperature changes, while ensuring the long-term stable operation of the photovoltaic panel.

[0095] Use of photosensitive rotating device: Combined with the photosensitive rotating device, the photovoltaic panel can adjust its angle according to the real-time sun position to maintain the maximum illumination area. This layout can make full use of solar energy and ensure that the maximum area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is exposed to the sun.

[0096] The role of photovoltaic panels and energy conversion: The role of photovoltaic panels is to convert solar energy during the day into electrical energy for use by electric motors. In the energy storage system, photovoltaic panels convert sunlight energy into DC power, which is then converted into AC power through an inverter to meet the power supply needs of the electric motor.

[0097] When the generator / motor rotates, the electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy through the pulley set, so that the gravity body on the steel box is pulled vertically.

[0098] According to the needs of storing and outputting energy, appropriate energy storage devices are selected to store electrical energy. These devices can release energy when needed and power other devices.

[0099] The stored mechanical energy can be used when needed, for example to drive other devices or to output electrical energy

[0100] Considering the power loss and heat generation during energy conversion and storage, measures are taken for heat dissipation and thermal management to ensure the stability and safety of the system.

[0101] Power converters are used to efficiently convert and distribute electrical energy between energy storage devices and other devices.

[0102] Design reasonable implementation measures and heat dissipation systems to reduce the overall system's functional loss and heat generation.

[0103] Example 2

[0104] The symmetrical multi-faceted structure ultra-large capacity photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system based on the desert environment includes several main parts such as energy storage weights, base, symmetrical multi-faceted weight box support structure, motor / generator and pulley system, coaxial symmetrical motor / generator and reducer system, pulley system and reducer system, tension wheel, and support column materials, cross-sectional shape and box movement combination method.

[0105] First, choose energy storage heavy objects suitable for desert environments, such as sand. The volume of 10,000 tons of sand will vary depending on its specific gravity, so the specific specific gravity needs to be determined to calculate the volume.

[0106] Taking the specific gravity of general sand between 1.4 and 1.6 as an example, the calculation results are as follows:

[0107] When the specific gravity of sand is 1.4, the volume of 10,000 tons of sand is approximately: 7142.9 cubic meters.

[0108] When the specific gravity of sand is 1.5, the volume of 10,000 tons of sand is approximately: 6666.7 cubic meters.

[0109] When the specific gravity of sand is 1.6, the volume of 10,000 tons of sand is approximately: 6250 cubic meters.

[0110] It should be noted that the actual calculation results above may vary slightly depending on factors such as the type, shape and composition of the sand.

[0111] To determine the volume of the steel box required to load 10,000 tons of sand, it is necessary to consider a variety of factors according to the actual situation, such as the specific gravity of the sand, the loading method, the loading volume ratio, etc. The following is a calculation method:

[0112] The volume (V) of 10,000 tons of sand may be between 6250-7143 cubic meters depending on the specific gravity. For convenience, we take an average value, such as 6500 cubic meters. If we assume that the loading volume ratio is 85%-90% and take into account the weight of the steel box, the volume required for the steel box (V1) can be calculated as follows:

[0113] V1=V / (0.85*0.9)

[0114] That is: V1 = 8450 cubic meters

[0115] This means that to load 10,000 tons of sand, the volume of the steel box needs to be at least 8,450 cubic meters. The specific size and structure of the steel box depends on the specific situation. For example, multiple 20-foot containers can be allocated for loading, larger steel boxes can be customized, or other loading methods can be used.

[0116] And determine its weight and lifting height range. The weight of sand can reach 1,000 to 100,000 tons, and the lifting height is usually set between 50 and 500 meters. Secondly, design and build the base and symmetrical multi-faceted heavy box support structure in the desert environment. The base uses high-strength cement as the base material to ensure the stability and safety of the support structure. The symmetrical multi-faceted heavy box support structure consists of a symmetrical multi-faceted frame structure composed of steel support columns and connecting beams. Then, install the motor / generator and pulley system to realize the lifting of the gravity body steel box. In the symmetrical multi-faceted structure system, the steel box is steadily raised through the motor / generator system and the pulley system, and the electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy, which is then stored in the form of gravitational potential energy. At night, the gravity body box descends, driving the pulley system and the generator to convert the gravitational potential energy into mechanical energy, and then into electrical energy for power generation. In addition, the coaxial symmetrical motor / generator and reducer system are used to avoid the severe friction of the motor support bearing caused by the eccentric torque, and to improve the service life of the mechanical gravity energy storage device. The reducer and the rope-collecting wheel are arranged in the center of the main shaft to eliminate the wear caused by the eccentric torque and achieve stable operation. At the same time, the pulley system and the reducer system are designed to achieve slow operation and a reasonable deceleration process. During the day, the effective sunshine time is used to lift the gravity body steel box from the lowest position to the highest position, and the gravitational potential energy is converted into electrical energy for storage. At night, the stored gravitational potential energy is used to generate electricity. To ensure the safe operation of the system, a tension wheel is installed to maintain the tension of the wire rope and prevent accidents such as the box falling and the fatigue fracture of the wire rope.

[0117] Finally, in the selection of support column materials, cross-sectional shapes and box movement combinations, appropriate materials and shapes were selected according to the needs of the desert environment to ensure the stability of the support structure.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] Install photovoltaic panels to convert sunlight into electricity and ensure the system can store and generate energy efficiently.

[0120] First, we need to select appropriate photovoltaic panels, taking into account factors such as their power conversion efficiency and weather resistance. According to the specific situation and needs, we can select the appropriate type and specification of photovoltaic panels. Then, we need to calculate the required power. In order to raise the box to the specified height, we need to convert its gravitational potential energy into electrical energy. By calculating the gravitational potential energy of the box, we can use the formula

[0121] E=mgh

[0122] m is the mass of the box, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height to which it rises. From this we can get the gravitational potential energy of the box.

[0123] Next, we need to consider the power conversion efficiency η of the photovoltaic panel and the friction loss Ff when in contact with the box. According to the above formula, we divide the gravitational potential energy by the power conversion efficiency η, and add the friction loss Ff to get the minimum power Wmin required for this time period.

[0124] In order to ensure the stable operation and safety of the system, we will add a safety factor ε based on the minimum power. Finally, the actual power can be calculated by the formula W = Wmin*ε.

[0125] By calculating the gravitational potential energy of the box and considering the efficiency of the photovoltaic panels and friction loss, the installation plan of the photovoltaic panels is determined, and the power required to ensure the stable operation of the system is calculated. In this way, the system can maximize the use of solar energy resources for energy storage and power generation, meet energy needs, and ensure the reliability and safety of the system.

[0126] Example 4

[0127] In order to implement energy conversion and storage, first, place an appropriate amount of sand or other heavy objects in the steel box to achieve the required energy storage capacity, and adjust the hanging height of the heavy objects as needed. Next, configure the power control system to ensure that it can work closely with the motor / generator, pulley system and photovoltaic panels, and can automatically adjust the power output and control the rising and falling speed of the heavy box. At the same time, check whether the various components and system functions are normal, and make necessary adjustments and optimizations to ensure that the system achieves the expected performance and effect.

[0128] Further consideration should be given to optimizing the selection of energy storage weights, evaluating the cost, availability and environmental impact of different materials, and selecting the material that best suits the system requirements. In addition, measures such as battery management systems (BMS) can be added to improve the power control system to improve the stability and safety of the system. At the same time, we should also explore the possibility of energy recovery and utilization to further improve the energy efficiency of the system. By adding devices such as reversible motors to the system, the gravitational potential energy during the descent process is converted into electrical energy and supplied to the system again to achieve energy recovery and utilization. In addition to system optimization, we also need to conduct long-term stability and reliability tests. Through continuous testing, we can evaluate the performance of the system under different working conditions and environmental conditions, ensure that it can remain stable during continuous operation, and verify the long-term reliability of energy storage weights and power control systems. Finally, we should also adjust and optimize the system according to actual application scenarios and needs to ensure that the system can optimally meet energy needs. In solar energy storage systems, we can adjust the power output and the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage weights according to changes in solar resources to achieve the highest energy conversion and utilization efficiency.

[0129] By integrating the above steps and considerations, we can fully optimize the system's energy conversion and storage solutions to ensure efficient, stable and reliable operation of the system to meet energy needs and achieve sustainable development goals.

[0130] Those skilled in the art will readily come up with other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the utility model disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present invention. The specification and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for desert environments, characterized in that: include Symmetrical multi-sided support steel frame, gravity body (1), photovoltaic panels, motor system (3), pulley system (4); The symmetrical multi-faceted support steel frame comprises a support column (5), a trunnion beam (6), a first crossbeam (7), a second crossbeam (8), an elastic buffer platform (9), and a base; The support columns (5) are arranged in the following manner: arranged according to the vertex angles and center points of a regular polygon, the support columns (5) are perpendicular to the elastic buffer platform (9) and are vertically arranged, the trunnion beam (6) sequentially connects the upper ends of two adjacent support columns (5); the two ends of the second crossbeam (8) are connected to the upper ends of the oppositely arranged support columns, the two ends of the first crossbeam (7) are connected to the midpoints of the oppositely arranged trunnion beams (6), and extend out of the trunnion beams (6); The gravity body (1) is horizontally arranged in the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame, and the shape of the gravity body (1) is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame. The top corner of the gravity body (1) slides horizontally along the height of the support column on the inner side of the support column through the tension wheel (10); The motor system (3) comprises: a reducer and a coaxial symmetrical motor / generator (113) connected to each other, wherein a retractable wire rope wheel (111) is arranged at the center of the reducer; The photovoltaic panels (2) are arranged around the symmetrical multi-faceted support frame, the photovoltaic panels (2) are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, the photovoltaic panels (2) are connected to a coaxial symmetrical generator / motor, and the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor provides power for the pulley system; The pulley system is composed of a plurality of pairs of upper and lower pulley groups and corresponding steel wire ropes and a positioning wheel (11). One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the wire rope retracting wheel, and passes through the positioning wheel (11), the lower pulley (12) and the upper pulley (13) in each group in sequence. The lower pulley (12) is connected to the gravity body, and the upper pulley (13) is connected to the second crossbeam (8). The elastic buffer platform (9) is located on the base and is an integrated structure with the base; Limiters are installed on the outer wall of the support column (5) near the top and bottom of the support column; The base is a cement base, the surface of which is 1 to 10 meters higher than the level of the surrounding desert, and a sand retaining wall is set at the outer edge of the base; The gravity body is of 10,000-ton class; the gravity body adopts a polygonal storage box structure, the interior of the storage box is divided into a plurality of regions by a reinforcing rib plate (14), and the number of the regions is twice the number of sides of the polygonal storage box structure; The regular polygon is one of a regular hexagon, a regular octagon, a regular decagon, a regular dodecagon, a regular hexadecagon, and a regular icosagon; The top angle of the gravity body is connected to the tension wheel (10) via a hinge structure, and a tension spring is also provided between the connections.

2. A photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for desert environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor systems are respectively placed on elastic buffer platforms, and the coaxial symmetrical generator / motor system is softly connected to the elastic buffer platforms.

3. A photovoltaic mechanical gravity energy storage system suitable for desert environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes multiple photovoltaic gravity energy storage devices and power control systems. Multiple photovoltaic gravity energy storage devices cooperate with wind turbines to perform power compensation on multiple sets of photovoltaic gravity energy storage devices. The power control system is used to regulate the energy exchange and power between the photovoltaic gravity energy storage device and the power grid. Its parameters are the output power of the energy storage device and the load demand of the power grid.

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