Fluidized decarburization reaction device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fluidization decarburization reaction device. The fluidization decarburization reaction device comprises a hearth and a flue, a coal feeding device is arranged on the lower portion of the front wall of the hearth and used for inputting low-heat-value fuel to be treated, and an air chamber is arranged at the bottom of the hearth. The top end of the hearth is communicated with the flue; a plurality of stages of air preheaters are sequentially arranged in the flue in the smoke exhaust direction, the stages of air preheaters are connected through pipelines, and the air preheater located at the outlet end of the flue is externally connected with a cold air input pipe used for inputting external cold air. The air preheater located on the upstream side of the flue inputs preheated air into the air chamber and the hearth through a primary air pipeline and a secondary air pipeline correspondingly. According to the fluidized decarburization reaction device disclosed by the utility model, large-batch decarburization treatment of solid waste products such as coal gangue, coal slime and the like with the calorific value lower than 1000Kcal / kg is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal gangue decarbonization, in particular to a fluidized decarbonization reaction device. Background Art

[0002] At present, a large amount of solid waste products such as coal gangue and coal slime are generated every year during the mining and cleaning of coal mines. The previous stockpiled solid waste products of this type have exceeded 6 billion tons, and more than 360 million tons of such solid waste products are added each year, of which less than 10% can meet the calorific value of the designed fuel for power generation projects. The large amount of stockpiled solid waste products such as coal gangue not only occupies and pollutes a large amount of land resources, but also has the risk of spontaneous combustion, rain, mud, etc., causing great harm to the environment.

[0003] In order to dispose of this type of solid waste products, most of which cannot be used, are stored to pollute the environment and have a calorific value below 1000Kcal / kg, there are currently two disposal methods: mixing a small amount of it with other high-quality coal and burning it, and adding combustion aids to burn it for decarbonization. Blending has the problem of low disposal efficiency, while adding combustion aids to help combustion and then decarbonization consumes additional energy and is less economical. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problems of the prior art and to achieve large-scale decarbonization of solid waste products such as coal gangue, coal slime, etc. with a calorific value lower than 1000Kcal / kg through the fluidized decarbonization reaction device of the utility model.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fluidized decarbonization reaction device, the fluidized decarbonization reaction device comprising: a furnace and a flue;

[0007] A coal feeding device is provided at the lower part of the front wall of the furnace, which is used to input the low calorific value fuel to be processed, and a wind chamber is provided at the bottom of the furnace;

[0008] The top of the furnace is connected to the flue;

[0009] Several stages of air preheaters are arranged in sequence in the flue along the direction of smoke exhaust, and the air preheaters at each stage are connected to each other through pipelines.

[0010] The air preheater located at the flue outlet end is externally connected to a cold air input pipe for realizing external cold air input. The air preheater located on the upstream side of the flue inputs the preheated air into the wind chamber and the furnace through the primary air duct and the secondary air duct respectively.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, a cyclone separator is further provided between the furnace and the flue for achieving solid-gas separation of the flue gas exhausted from the furnace.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, a material return device is provided at the bottom end of the cyclone separator, and the material return device is connected to the bottom end of the furnace, and is used for returning and re-burning the solid materials separated by the cyclone separator.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger are further provided in the flue.

[0014] The high-temperature heat exchanger is located at the upstream end of the low-temperature heat exchanger, and the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the low-temperature heat exchanger via a connecting pipe.

[0015] The low-temperature heat exchanger is externally connected to a water supply pipeline to realize the input of external heated water;

[0016] The high temperature heat exchanger is externally connected with an outlet pipeline to realize the discharge and utilization of the heated hot water / saturated steam / superheated steam.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged on the upstream side of each stage of the air preheater, and the low-temperature heat exchanger is located on the downstream side of each stage of the air preheater.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the high-temperature heat exchanger is arranged on the upstream side of each stage of the air preheater, and the low-temperature heat exchanger is located between each stage of the air preheater.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, double-layer secondary air nozzles are symmetrically arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the lower part of the furnace, and the secondary air duct inputs hot air into the furnace through the secondary air nozzles.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, a slag discharge device is provided at the lower part of the rear wall of the furnace to discharge the burned materials.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, at least two stages of air preheaters are provided in the flue.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment, a heat-insulating structure is provided in the furnace, the cyclone separator and the material return device.

[0023] The above-mentioned main scheme of the utility model and its further optional schemes can be freely combined to form multiple schemes, all of which are schemes that can be adopted and claimed for protection by the utility model. After understanding the scheme of the utility model, those skilled in the art can understand that there are many combinations based on the existing technology and common knowledge, all of which are technical schemes to be protected by the utility model, and they are not exhaustively listed here.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0025] The fluidized decarbonization reaction device of the utility model solves the problem described in the background technology that a large amount of low calorific value coal gangue, coal slime and other solid waste products are difficult to handle, pollute the environment and are difficult to recycle. It not only creates economic benefits, but also solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by solid waste products such as coal gangue and coal slime. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the fluidized decarbonization reaction device of the utility model;

[0027] Among them, 1-furnace, 2-cyclone separator, 3-return device, 4-flue, 5-wind chamber, 6-coal feeding device, 7-slag discharge device, 8-primary air pipeline, 9-secondary air pipeline, 10-high temperature heat exchanger, 11-air preheater, 12-low temperature heat exchanger, 13-water supply pipeline, 14-connecting pipeline, 15-export pipeline, 16-cold air input pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementations, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In addition, the present utility model should point out that, in the present utility model, if the specific structure, connection relationship, position relationship, power source relationship, etc. are not specifically written out, the structure, connection relationship, position relationship, power source relationship, etc. involved in the present utility model are all known by technical personnel in this field on the basis of existing technology without creative work.

[0034] The utility model discloses a fluidized decarbonization reaction device, which comprises an insulated furnace 1, a bottom wind chamber 5, a cyclone separator 2, a material return device 3, a tail flue 4 and the like.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the furnace 1, the cyclone separator 2 and the material return device 3 are all designed to be insulated, and no heating surface is provided in the furnace 1.

[0036] The secondary air interfaces are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear walls of the lower part of the furnace 1. A wind chamber 5 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace 1. A coal feeding device 6 is arranged at the lower part of the front wall of the furnace. A slag discharge device 7 is arranged at the lower part of the rear wall of the furnace.

[0037] The tail flue 4 is arranged from top to bottom with a high-temperature heat exchanger 10, a multi-stage air preheater 11 and a low-temperature heat exchanger 12. The air preheater 11 is arranged in stages, with part of the air preheater 11 arranged before the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 to increase the hot air temperature at the outlet of the air preheater 11, carry more heat into the furnace, and maintain stable combustion in the furnace, while part of the air preheater 11 is arranged after the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 to further reduce the exhaust gas temperature.

[0038] Low calorific value fuels such as coal gangue and coal slime enter the insulated furnace 1 through the coal feeding device 6 for combustion. The flue gas is separated by the cyclone separator 2 and then enters the flue 4. The flue gas passes through the high-temperature heat exchanger 10, the air preheater, and the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 in the flue 4 and is then discharged to the flue gas treatment device.

[0039] After the cold air enters the air preheater through the cold air input pipeline 16 for heating, the hot air of about 400-600°C is generated and enters the insulated furnace 1 through the furnace bottom wind chamber 5 and the secondary wind box to maintain stable combustion in the furnace.

[0040] The feed water enters the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 through the water supply pipe 13. After being heated in the low-temperature heat exchanger 12, it enters the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 through the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 to high-temperature heat exchanger 10 connecting pipe for reheating, and finally obtains hot water / saturated steam / superheated steam, which is then comprehensively utilized according to actual needs on site. After the solid waste products such as coal gangue and coal slime are burned and decarbonized, the ash produced is discharged through the slag discharge device 7, which is convenient for the subsequent effective utilization of the ash.

[0041] The utility model aims at large amounts of solid waste products such as gangue, coal slime, etc. that cannot be utilized and are stockpiled to pollute land resources. By using a fluidized decarbonization reaction device, the utility model can achieve large-scale decarbonization disposal of such solid waste products such as gangue, coal slime, etc. with a calorific value lower than 1000Kcal / kg. By placing part of the air preheater before the low-temperature heat exchanger to participate in heat exchange, the air temperature at the outlet of the air preheater is increased to 400-600°C. Compared with the conventional air preheater whose outlet hot air temperature does not exceed 300°C, more heat can be brought into the furnace, so that no external fuel is required for combustion during normal operation of the device.

[0042] Moreover, the large amount of hot water, saturated steam and superheated steam produced as by-products of the fluidized bed decarbonization reaction device can be used for power generation or heating according to the actual situation on site; the ash produced after the combustion and decarbonization of solid waste products such as coal gangue and coal slime can be used as building materials and other high value-added applications.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluidized decarbonization reaction device, characterized in that: The fluidized decarbonization reaction device comprises: a furnace (1) and a flue (4); A coal feeding device (6) is provided at the lower part of the front wall of the furnace (1) for inputting low calorific value fuel to be processed, and a wind chamber (5) is provided at the bottom of the furnace (1); The top of the furnace (1) is connected to the flue (4); A plurality of stages of air preheaters (11) are sequentially arranged in the flue (4) along the direction of exhausting the flue gas, and the air preheaters (11) of each stage are interconnected via pipelines. The air preheater (11) located at the outlet end of the flue (4) is externally connected to a cold air input pipe (16) for inputting external cold air. The air preheater (11) located at the upstream side of the flue (4) inputs the preheated air into the wind chamber (5) and the furnace (1) via the primary air duct (8) and the secondary air duct (9), respectively.

2. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cyclone separator (2) is also provided between the furnace (1) and the flue (4) for achieving solid-gas separation of the flue gas discharged from the furnace (1).

3. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A material return device (3) is provided at the bottom end of the cyclone separator (2). The material return device (3) is connected to the bottom end of the furnace (1) and is used to return and re-burn the solid materials separated by the cyclone separator (2).

4. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-temperature heat exchanger (10) and a low-temperature heat exchanger (12) are also provided in the flue (4). The high-temperature heat exchanger (10) is located at the upstream end of the low-temperature heat exchanger (12), and the high-temperature heat exchanger (10) and the low-temperature heat exchanger (12) are connected via a connecting pipe (14). The low-temperature heat exchanger (12) is externally connected to a water supply pipeline (13) to realize the input of external heated water; The high-temperature heat exchanger (10) is externally connected to an outlet pipeline (15) to discharge the heated hot water / saturated steam / superheated steam for utilization.

5. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-temperature heat exchanger (10) is arranged on the upstream side of each stage of the air preheater (11), and the low-temperature heat exchanger (12) is located on the downstream side of each stage of the air preheater (11).

6. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-temperature heat exchanger (10) is arranged on the upstream side of each stage of the air preheater (11), and the low-temperature heat exchanger (12) is located between each stage of the air preheater (11).

7. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Double-layer secondary air nozzles are symmetrically arranged on the front wall and the rear wall at the bottom of the furnace (1), and the secondary air pipeline (9) inputs hot air into the furnace (1) through the secondary air nozzles.

8. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag discharge device (7) is provided at the lower part of the rear wall of the furnace (1) for discharging the burned materials.

9. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two stages of air preheaters (11) are provided in the flue (4).

10. The fluidized decarbonization reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furnace (1), the cyclone separator (2) and the material return device (3) are provided with a heat insulation structure.

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