Transformer heat dissipation system based on single-chip microcomputer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of transformer heat dissipation, in particular to a transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer. Comprising a transformer, a heat dissipation device used for conducting heat dissipation on the transformer, a first temperature sensor used for measuring the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer, a second temperature sensor used for measuring the surface temperature of the transformer, a third temperature sensor used for measuring the room temperature, an alarm device used for providing a warning effect and a single-chip microcomputer used for controlling operation of all components. The heat dissipation device, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the alarm device are all connected with the single-chip microcomputer. The A / D function of the XPT2046 chip with good precision is fully utilized; the automation of temperature detection control in the scene of the transformer is realized, and the safety in the actual situation is improved; the temperature detection method of the system is simple, the heat dissipation mode utilization rate is high, a user does not need to have too much professional cognitive literacy, and meanwhile the system is suitable for various detection environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of transformer heat dissipation, in particular to a transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, the transformer is a vital link. As a power equipment, the loss caused by heat accumulation is one of the important parameters affecting the performance of the transformer. The lower the heat loss, the higher the working efficiency of the transformer. The heat loss is related to factors such as temperature and time. If the temperature control of the transformer still requires a certain amount of manual participation, and manual participation has a certain delay and uncertainty, it will be impossible to achieve real-time and efficient control of the temperature.

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary for us to design a transformer heat dissipation system to improve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer to improve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The utility model provides a transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A transformer heat dissipation system based on a single-chip microcomputer comprises: a transformer, a heat dissipation device for dissipating heat for the transformer, a first temperature sensor for measuring the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer, a second temperature sensor for measuring the surface temperature of the transformer, a third temperature sensor for measuring the room temperature, an alarm device for providing a warning function and a single-chip microcomputer for controlling the operation of each component; wherein the heat dissipation device, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the alarm device are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer; when the first temperature sensor detects that the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer is lower than the lower limit of a preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is turned on, and the heat dissipation device is partially started; when the first temperature sensor detects that the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer is higher than the lower limit of the preset range and lower than the upper limit of the preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is turned on, and the heat dissipation device is partially started; when the first temperature sensor detects that the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer is higher than the upper limit of the preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is turned on, and the heat dissipation device is fully started.

[0007] More preferably, the alarm device includes two LED lights and a buzzer, the two LED lights are connected to the P2.0 and P2.1 ports of the single-chip microcomputer, and one port of the buzzer is connected to the output port corresponding to ULN2003D behind the P2.5 port of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0008] More preferably, the heat dissipation device includes three fans and a ULN2003A module circuit. The three fans are connected to the 1C, 5C, and 6C terminals of ULN2003A and are connected to power supplies respectively. The 1B, 5B, and 6B terminals of ULN2003A are connected to the P1.0, P1.4, and P3.0 ports of the microcontroller respectively. The COM terminal of ULN2003A is connected to the power supply, and the 7B terminal is grounded.

[0009] More preferably, it also includes a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit, an A / D converter circuit, a thermistor PT100 circuit, a DS18B20 integrated chip circuit, a display screen circuit, and a matrix keyboard circuit; the crystal oscillator circuit is connected to the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins of the single-chip microcomputer; the reset circuit is connected to the RST, PSEN, ALE, and EA pins of the single-chip microcomputer; the A / D converter circuit XPT2046 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the VREF terminal and the VCC terminal of XPT2046 are each connected to a reference power supply, the DataClock terminal of XPT2046 is connected to the P3.6 port of the single-chip microcomputer, the DataIn terminal of XPT2046 is connected to the P3.4 port of the single-chip microcomputer, and the ChipSelect terminal is connected to the P3.5 port of the single-chip microcomputer; the A / D port of the thermistor PT100 circuit is connected to the AIN3 of XPT2046 Channel, DataOut end of XPT2046 is connected to P3.7 port of single-chip computer, GND end of XPT2046 is grounded, thermistor PT100 circuit has a current limiting resistor and a power supply, which is grounded and connected to A / D converter circuit; VCC of DS18B20 integrated chip circuit is connected to power supply, GND is grounded, and DQ port is connected to P2.3 port and P2.4 port of single-chip computer; VSS end and VEE end of display screen circuit LCD1602 are grounded, VDD end is connected to power supply, RS, RW, E end are connected to P2.6, P2.5, P2.7 port of single-chip computer respectively, DQ, D1 to D7 are connected to P0.0, P0.1 to P0.7 port of single-chip computer respectively; matrix keyboard circuit is connected to P1.1, P1.2, P1.3, P1.5, P1.6, P1.7 port of single-chip computer.

[0010] More preferably, an external button is further included, and the external button is used to adjust the preset range of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor, and the external button is connected to the single-chip microcomputer and the matrix keyboard circuit.

[0011] More preferably, the specific operation is as follows: after the system is initialized, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor measure the temperature and send the temperature to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer displays the temperature and the temperature threshold through the display circuit; the single-chip microcomputer and the matrix keyboard circuit detect whether the external button is pressed, if so, the preset range of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor is set through the external button, and then the temperature is detected to be normal, if not, the temperature is directly detected to be normal according to the original preset range in the system; detect whether each temperature is normal, if normal, directly end the operation process, if abnormal, proceed to the next step of judgment; when each temperature is abnormal, the first measurement is performed to determine whether it satisfies the "upper oil temperature of the transformer is lower than the first temperature sensor" at the same time The lower limit of the preset range of the sensor, the surface temperature of the transformer is higher than the upper limit of the preset range of the second temperature sensor, and the room temperature is higher than the upper limit of the preset range of the third temperature sensor". If not satisfied, the operation process is terminated directly. If satisfied, the next step is judged; during the second measurement, it is judged whether "the upper oil temperature of the transformer is higher than the lower limit of the preset range of the first temperature sensor and lower than the upper limit of the preset range". If not satisfied, the corresponding LED light is on, and a fan starts to run. If satisfied, the next step is judged; during the third measurement, it is judged whether "the upper oil temperature of the transformer is higher than the upper limit of the preset range of the first temperature sensor". If not satisfied, the corresponding LED light is on, and two fans start to run. If satisfied, all three fans are running until each temperature drops to the normal range, and the LED light and the fan are turned off.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] The A / D function of the XPT2046 chip with good accuracy is fully utilized; the temperature detection and control in the transformer scenario is automated, which improves safety in actual situations;

[0014] The temperature detection method of this system is simple and easy to understand. The heat dissipation method has a high adoption rate and does not require users to have too much professional knowledge. At the same time, it is suitable for various detection environments, has low cost, and is conducive to promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of this system;

[0016] Figure 2 This is the flow chart of this system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be understood by people with general skills in the field to which the utility model belongs. "Including" and similar words used in this article mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0018] The utility model embodiment provides a transformer heat dissipation system based on a single-chip microcomputer, comprising: a transformer, a heat dissipation device for dissipating heat from the transformer, a first temperature sensor for measuring the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer, a second temperature sensor for measuring the surface temperature of the transformer, a third temperature sensor for measuring the room temperature, an alarm device for providing a warning effect, and a single-chip microcomputer for controlling the operation of each component;

[0019] Wherein, the heat dissipation device, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the alarm device are all connected to the single chip computer;

[0020] When the first temperature sensor detects that the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is turned on and the heat dissipation device is partially started;

[0021] When the first temperature sensor detects that the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer is higher than the lower limit of the preset range and lower than the upper limit of the preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is turned on and the heat dissipation device is partially started;

[0022] When the first temperature sensor detects that the transformer upper oil temperature is higher than the upper limit of the preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the transformer surface temperature and room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is activated and all the heat dissipation devices are started.

[0023] In some embodiments, the alarm device includes two LED lights and a buzzer. The two LED lights are connected to the P2.0 and P2.1 ports of the single-chip microcomputer, and one port of the buzzer is connected to the output port corresponding to ULN2003D behind the P2.5 port of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0024] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation device includes three fans and a ULN2003A module circuit. The three fans are connected to the 1C, 5C, and 6C terminals of ULN2003A and are respectively connected to power supplies. The 1B, 5B, and 6B terminals of ULN2003A are respectively connected to the P1.0, P1.4, and P3.0 ports of the microcontroller. The COM terminal of ULN2003A is connected to the power supply, and the 7B terminal is grounded.

[0025] In some embodiments, a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit, an A / D converter circuit, a thermistor PT100 circuit, a DS18B20 integrated chip circuit, a display screen circuit, and a matrix keyboard circuit are also included;

[0026] The crystal oscillator circuit is connected to the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins of the microcontroller; the reset circuit is connected to the RST, PSEN, ALE, and EA pins of the microcontroller;

[0027] The A / D converter circuit XPT2046 is connected to the microcontroller, the VREF terminal and VCC terminal of XPT2046 are connected to a reference power supply, the DataClock terminal of XPT2046 is connected to the P3.6 port of the microcontroller, the DataIn terminal of XPT2046 is connected to the P3.4 port of the microcontroller, and the ChipSelect terminal is connected to the P3.5 port of the microcontroller;

[0028] The A / D port of the thermistor PT100 circuit is connected to the AIN3 channel of XPT2046, the DataOut terminal of XPT2046 is connected to the P3.7 port of the microcontroller, the GND terminal of XPT2046 is grounded, and the thermistor PT100 circuit has a current limiting resistor and a power supply, which is grounded and connected to the A / D converter circuit;

[0029] The VCC of the DS18B20 integrated chip circuit is connected to the power supply, GND is connected to the ground, and the DQ port is connected to the P2.3 and P2.4 ports of the microcontroller;

[0030] The VSS and VEE terminals of the LCD1602 display circuit are grounded, the VDD terminal is connected to the power supply, the RS, RW, and E terminals are connected to the P2.6, P2.5, and P2.7 ports of the microcontroller respectively, and the DQ, D1 to D7 are connected to the P0.0, P0.1 to P0.7 ports of the microcontroller respectively;

[0031] The matrix keyboard circuit is connected to the P1.1, P1.2, P1.3, P1.5, P1.6, and P1.7 ports of the microcontroller.

[0032] In some embodiments, an external button is further included. The external button is used to adjust the preset range of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor. The external button is connected to the single-chip microcomputer and the matrix keyboard circuit.

[0033] In some embodiments, the specific operation is as follows: after the system is initialized, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor measure the temperature and send the temperature to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer displays the temperature and the temperature threshold through the display circuit;

[0034] The single chip microcomputer and the matrix keyboard circuit detect whether the external button is pressed. If so, the preset ranges of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are set by the external button, and then the respective temperatures are detected to be normal. If not, the respective temperatures are directly detected to be normal according to the original preset ranges in the system.

[0035] Check whether each temperature is normal. If it is normal, the operation process will be terminated directly. If it is not normal, the next step will be made.

[0036] When the temperatures are abnormal, the first measurement is performed to determine whether the conditions that "the upper oil temperature of the transformer is lower than the lower limit of the preset range of the first temperature sensor, the surface temperature of the transformer is higher than the upper limit of the preset range of the second temperature sensor, and the room temperature is higher than the upper limit of the preset range of the third temperature sensor" are simultaneously met. If not, the operation process is terminated directly. If satisfied, the next step is performed.

[0037] During the secondary measurement, it is determined whether the upper oil temperature of the transformer is higher than the lower limit of the preset range of the first temperature sensor and lower than the upper limit of the preset range. If not, the system is in the state of "the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limits of the preset range of the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor". At this time, the corresponding LED light of the system lights up and a fan starts to run. If it is satisfied, the next step of determination is carried out;

[0038] During the three measurements, it is determined whether "the upper oil temperature of the transformer is higher than the upper limit of the preset range of the first temperature sensor". If not, the system is in the state of "the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limits of the preset range of the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor, and the upper oil temperature of the transformer is higher than the lower limit of the preset range of the first temperature sensor". The corresponding LED light of the system lights up and the two fans start to run. If it is satisfied, all three fans run until the temperatures drop to the normal range, and the LED lights and fans are turned off.

[0039] Among them, the crystal oscillator circuit inputs the reference clock signal to the minimum system of the microcontroller, so that the microcontroller works in the pace reference under this clock signal. The XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins of the STC89C52 microcontroller are the pins used by the crystal oscillator. An 11.0592MHZ crystal oscillator is connected, which oscillates 11059200 times per second. In addition, two pF-level capacitors are added. The capacitors resonate with other impedances in the circuit to maintain the stability of the oscillation signal.

[0040] Among them, the reset circuit is a circuit that allows the microcontroller to execute the program from the beginning when the microcontroller executes abnormally. The principle of power-on reset: the VCC input charges the capacitor, the resistor obtains a voltage divider, and the microcontroller is reset; after a few milliseconds, the capacitor is fully charged, the current on the voltage divider resistor drops to 0, and the voltage is also 0, so that the microcontroller enters the working state. The principle of manual reset: when the microcontroller is working, press the switch and the capacitor discharges. Release the switch, the capacitor is charged again, the resistor obtains a voltage, the microcontroller is reset, and after a few milliseconds, the microcontroller starts working.

[0041] The transformer oil temperature is detected by using an A / D converter and a thermistor PT100 circuit. AIN0, AIN1, and AIN2 of XPT2046 are integrated to collect analog inputs of voltage divider resistors, thermistors, and photoresistors, respectively, and its X+, Y+, VBAT, and AUX can all be used as nominal channels to play the role of ADC. The microcontroller receives the digital signal and finally converts the voltage value into the transformer oil temperature value with the help of the voltage-temperature curve relationship.

[0042] The alarm device circuit pulls down the level and cooperates with VCC to make the LED light up. The I / O port of the microcontroller is first pulled up, and after the ULN2003D logic is inverted, the connected BEEP port becomes low level, and cooperates with VCC to make the buzzer sound.

[0043] The matrix keyboard consists of 16 keys in a four-by-four arrangement. The matrix keyboard is controlled by 8 I / O ports in total. These 8 I / O ports can be divided into 2 groups, one group as a detection group for row scanning or column scanning, and the other group as a control group for 4 keys corresponding to different rows or columns. Its working mode is the same as that of independent keys, which is a relationship of inclusion and being included. When a row or column scanning cycle is performed in the detection group, after pressing the key in the control group corresponding to the row or column being scanned, the switch is turned on. Due to the line and logic relationship, the potentials on both sides of the switch are the same and are both pulled down. The pressed key is detected by whether the level is pulled down, and the key code value is returned. In actual use, all keys of the matrix keyboard may not be called, that is, all I / O ports may not be called.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments. However, it should be understood that such modifications and variations are within the scope and spirit of the present invention as described in the claims. Moreover, the present invention described herein may have other embodiments and may be implemented or realized in a variety of ways.

Claims

1. A transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer, characterized in that: include: A transformer, a heat sink for dissipating heat from the transformer, a first temperature sensor for measuring the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer, a second temperature sensor for measuring the surface temperature of the transformer, a third temperature sensor for measuring the room temperature, an alarm device for providing a warning function, and a single-chip computer for controlling the operation of each component; wherein the heat sink, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the alarm device are all connected to the single-chip computer; When the first temperature sensor detects that the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is turned on and the heat dissipation device is partially started; When the first temperature sensor detects that the oil temperature of the upper layer of the transformer is higher than the lower limit of the preset range and lower than the upper limit of the preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the surface temperature of the transformer and the room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is turned on and the heat dissipation device is partially started; When the first temperature sensor detects that the transformer upper oil temperature is higher than the upper limit of the preset range, and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor detect that the transformer surface temperature and room temperature are higher than the upper limit of the preset range, the alarm device is activated and all the heat dissipation devices are started.

2. A transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm device includes two LED lights and a buzzer. The two LED lights are connected to the P2.0 and P2.1 ports of the single-chip microcomputer. One port of the buzzer is connected to the output port corresponding to ULN2003D behind the P2.5 port of the single-chip microcomputer.

3. The transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device includes three fans and a ULN2003A module circuit. The three fans are connected to the 1C, 5C, and 6C terminals of ULN2003A and are connected to power supplies respectively. The 1B, 5B, and 6B terminals of ULN2003A are connected to the P1.0, P1.4, and P3.0 ports of the microcontroller respectively. The COM terminal of ULN2003A is connected to the power supply, and the 7B terminal is grounded.

4. The transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes crystal oscillator circuit, reset circuit, A / D converter circuit, thermistor PT100 circuit, DS18B20 integrated chip circuit, display screen circuit, and matrix keyboard circuit; The crystal oscillator circuit is connected to the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins of the microcontroller; The reset circuit is connected to the RST, PSEN, ALE, and EA pins of the microcontroller; The A / D converter circuit XPT2046 is connected to the microcontroller, the VREF terminal and VCC terminal of XPT2046 are connected to a reference power supply, the DataClock terminal of XPT2046 is connected to the P3.6 port of the microcontroller, the DataIn terminal of XPT2046 is connected to the P3.4 port of the microcontroller, and the ChipSelect terminal is connected to the P3.5 port of the microcontroller; The A / D port of the thermistor PT100 circuit is connected to the AIN3 channel of XPT2046, the DataOut terminal of XPT2046 is connected to the P3.7 port of the microcontroller, the GND terminal of XPT2046 is grounded, and the thermistor PT100 circuit has a current limiting resistor and a power supply, which is grounded and connected to the A / D converter circuit; The VCC of the DS18B20 integrated chip circuit is connected to the power supply, GND is connected to the ground, and the DQ port is connected to the P2.3 and P2.4 ports of the microcontroller; The VSS and VEE terminals of the LCD1602 display circuit are grounded, the VDD terminal is connected to the power supply, the RS, RW, and E terminals are connected to the P2.6, P2.5, and P2.7 ports of the microcontroller respectively, and the DQ, D1 to D7 are connected to the P0.0, P0.1 to P0.7 ports of the microcontroller respectively; The matrix keyboard circuit is connected to the P1.1, P1.2, P1.3, P1.5, P1.6, and P1.7 ports of the microcontroller.

5. The transformer heat dissipation system based on a single chip microcomputer according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes external buttons, which are used to adjust the preset ranges of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor. The external buttons are connected to the single chip microcomputer and the matrix keyboard circuit.

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