Precise fine-tuning tool rest for ultra-precise lathe

Abstract

The utility model discloses a precise fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precise lathe, which comprises a base and a fixing frame, and a tool containing groove is arranged on the side wall of the fixing frame. According to the device, the first rotating rod is driven to rotate by rotating the knob, the second rotating rod is driven to rotate through the worm and the worm gear when the first rotating rod rotates, and the sliding block can be driven to move axially along the second rotating rod through the threaded connection relation between the second rotating rod and the sliding block when the second rotating rod rotates, so that the function of adjusting the height of a cutter mounted in the cutter mounting groove is achieved; through two-stage transmission among a worm gear, a worm, a second rotating rod and a sliding block, nanoscale fine adjustment of height adjustment of the cutter can be achieved, knurls and a flexible tensioning ring which are used for increasing friction force are arranged between the first rotating rod and a support, the first rotating rod cannot rotate when a rotary knob is not touched, and the cutter can be conveniently and rapidly adjusted. After adjustment is completed, the magnetic powder clutch is powered on to lock the radial position of the second rotating rod, and the braking effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lathe tool rests, in particular to a precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe. Background Art

[0002] In ultra-precision lathes, accurate tool alignment generally requires micron-level or even sub-micron-level displacement adjustment, which places high demands on the tool rest. Rapid, minute, and precise tool adjustment is an important criterion for measuring the tool rest's adjustment capability. In early technologies, tool alignment was generally adjusted by differential bolts, such as a precision fine-tuning tool rest for ultra-precision lathes mentioned in the disclosed technology, which includes a base, a slider fixed on the base, a differential bolt disposed on the base for adjusting the vertical height of the slider, and an auxiliary spring disposed at the bottom of the base for supporting the slider. The differential bolts provided in this technology can realize the adjustment of the upper and lower positions of the tool, but the adjustment amount is difficult to control and fine-tuning is impossible. For this reason, there is an improved technology on the market that proposes a micron-level adjustment tool holder for ultra-precision lathes, including a tool holder main body, wherein the part of the tool holder main body used for fixing and installing the tool holder is an elastic structure; a mounting hole is provided at the lower end of the tool holder main body, and a fine-tuning structure is provided in the mounting hole, and the fine-tuning structure is in contact with the elastic structure; this improved technology lifts the elastic structure through the fine-tuning structure to realize the linear fine-tuning of the tool holder up and down, but the tool holder main body in this improved technology is processed into a partially separated state by wire cutting, and the displacement of the tool holder is caused only by the axial displacement and extrusion of its built-in wedge iron. During processing, the tool holder part still has an upward displacement, which is equivalent to being in an unfixed state. During processing, the tool vibration is inevitable, resulting in failure to meet the requirements of ultra-precision processing. For this reason, it is necessary to further improve and optimize the tool holder structure for ultra-precision lathes to realize the function of precision fine-tuning. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and proposes a precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe, comprising a base and a fixed frame, the side walls of the fixed frame are provided with a tool mounting groove, the upper and lower sides of the base are respectively fixedly connected with an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat, the upper and lower connecting seats are provided with sink grooves on the opposite sides, the upper wall of the upper connecting seat and the lower wall of the lower connecting seat are both fixedly connected with a cover plate, a second rotating rod is rotatably connected between the upper connecting seat and the lower connecting seat, the upper and lower ends of the second rotating rod are respectively extended into the interior of the two sink grooves, and the second rotating rod is located at a section of outer wall screw between the two sink grooves A slider is connected with the groove, a braking structure for locking the second rotating rod is arranged between the second rotating rod and the lower connecting seat, a spring for eliminating the rotation gap between the slider and the second rotating rod is arranged between the slider and the upper connecting seat, a first rotating rod is rotatably connected between the inner left wall and the inner right wall of the upper connecting seat, a transmission structure for transmission is arranged between the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod, a damping structure for stabilizing the radial position of the first rotating rod is arranged between the inner wall of the groove of the upper connecting seat and the first rotating rod, and an adjustment structure for driving the first rotating rod to rotate is arranged between the first rotating rod and the outer wall of the upper connecting seat.

[0005] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0006] The inner wall of the base is provided with a second sliding cavity that passes through from top to bottom, the slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding cavity, the front wall of the base is provided with a first sliding cavity that passes through the inside of the second sliding cavity, the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the front wall of the slider and the outer wall of the fixed frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding cavity.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] An outer wall of the second rotating rod between the two sink grooves is provided with an external thread, the external thread is a trapezoidal thread, the pitch of the external thread is 1.5 mm, and the inner wall of the sliding block is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The braking structure is a magnetic powder brake, which is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the inner side of the lower connecting seat sink groove, and one end of the second rotating rod extending into the lower connecting seat sink groove is connected to the magnetic powder brake.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The transmission structure includes a worm and a worm wheel. The worm is arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating rod. The worm wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating rod extending into the interior of the upper connecting seat sink groove. The outer wall of the worm and the outer wall of the worm wheel are meshed with each other. When the worm rotates one circle, the worm wheel rotates one thirtieth circle.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The damping structure comprises knurling and a flexible tensioning ring, wherein the flexible tensioning ring is arranged between the inner side wall of the support and the outer wall of the first rotating rod, and the knurling is arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating rod and abuts against the inner side wall of the flexible tensioning ring.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The adjustment structure includes a fixed plate and a knob. The fixed plate is fixedly connected to the right wall of the upper connecting seat. The right end of the first rotating rod sequentially penetrates the side wall of the upper connecting seat and the inner wall of the fixed plate and extends to the right side of the fixed plate. The knob is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating rod extending to the fixed plate. The circumferential outer wall of the knob is provided with equidistantly distributed scale lines, and the total number of scale lines is one hundred.

[0017] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Compared with the prior art, the precision fine-tuning tool rest for the ultra-precision lathe drives the first rotating rod to rotate by rotating the knob. When the first rotating rod rotates, the second rotating rod is driven to rotate through the worm and the worm gear. When the second rotating rod rotates, the slider can be driven to move along the axial direction of the second rotating rod through the threaded connection relationship between the slider, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the height of the tool installed in the tool mounting groove. Through the two-stage transmission between the worm gear, the worm, the second rotating rod and the slider, the tool height adjustment can achieve nanometer-level fine-tuning.

[0019] 2. Compared with the prior art, the precision fine-tuning tool rest for the ultra-precision lathe has a knurling and a flexible tensioning ring between the first rotating rod and the support for increasing the friction, so that the first rotating rod will not rotate when the knob is not touched. After the adjustment is completed, the radial position of the second rotating rod is locked by energizing the magnetic powder clutch to play a braking role. The magnetic powder clutch has a small action during braking and will not cause changes in the adjustment state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a precision fine-tuning tool holder for an ultra-precision lathe proposed by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the internal structure of an upper connecting seat of a precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe proposed by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the support and the first rotating rod connection structure of a precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe proposed by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4The utility model discloses a partial sectional view of the internal structure of a base, an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat of a precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Base; 2. Lower connecting seat; 3. Upper connecting seat; 4. Cover plate; 5. First sliding cavity; 6. Fixed frame; 7. Tool slot; 8. Fixed plate; 9. Knob; 10. First rotating rod; 11. Support; 12. Worm; 13. Second rotating rod; 14. Worm gear; 15. Knurling; 16. Flexible tension ring; 17. External thread; 18. Slider; 19. Spring; 20. Magnetic powder brake; 21. Second sliding cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The utility model provides a precision fine-tuning tool holder for an ultra-precision lathe, comprising a base 1, a fixing frame 6, a side wall of the fixing frame 6 is provided with a tool mounting groove 7, and a machining tool is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the tool mounting groove 7 by screws;

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, in order to facilitate the upward and downward movement of the fixing frame 6 and the processing tool on the fixing frame 6 to adjust the height, the upper and lower sides of the base 1 are respectively fixedly connected with the upper connecting seat 3 and the lower connecting seat 2, and the upper and lower sides of the upper connecting seat 3 and the lower connecting seat 2 are provided with a sink groove, and the upper wall of the upper connecting seat 3 and the lower wall of the lower connecting seat 2 are fixedly connected with a cover plate 4, and the second rotating rod 13 is rotatably connected between the upper connecting seat 3 and the lower connecting seat 2, and the upper and lower ends of the second rotating rod 13 are respectively extended into the two sink grooves, and a section of the outer wall of the second rotating rod 13 between the two sink grooves is threadedly connected with a slider 18, and the inner wall of the base 1 is provided with a second sliding cavity 21 that passes through from top to bottom, and the slider 18 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding cavity 21, and the front wall of the base 1 is provided with a first sliding cavity 5 that passes through the second sliding cavity 21, and the fixing frame 6 is fixedly connected to the slider 1 8 front wall and the outer wall of the fixing frame 6 are slidably connected with the inner wall of the first sliding cavity 5, and the outer wall of the second rotating rod 13 between the two sink grooves is provided with an external thread 17, the external thread 17 is a trapezoidal thread, and the pitch of the external thread 17 is 1.5 mm. The inner wall of the slider 18 is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread 17, and a spring 19 for eliminating the rotation gap between the slider 18 and the second rotating rod 13 is provided between the slider 18 and the upper connecting seat 3. Through the cooperation of the external thread 17 with the internal thread of the inner wall of the slider 18, when the second rotating rod 13 rotates, the slider 18 can be driven to move along the axial direction of the second rotating rod 13, and then the fixing frame 6 can be driven to move upward or downward. The spring 19 can always squeeze the slider 18 downward to offset the matching gap between the external thread 17 and the internal thread on the slider 18, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy;

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in order to drive the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, the first rotating rod 10 is rotatably connected between the inner left wall and the inner right wall of the upper connecting seat 3, and an adjustment structure for driving the first rotating rod 10 to rotate is provided between the first rotating rod 10 and the outer wall of the upper connecting seat 3. The adjustment structure includes a fixed disk 8 and a knob 9. The fixed disk 8 is fixedly connected to the right wall of the upper connecting seat 3. The right end of the first rotating rod 10 sequentially penetrates the side wall of the upper connecting seat 3 and the inner wall of the fixed disk 8 and extends to the right side of the fixed disk 8. The knob 9 is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating rod 10 extending to the fixed disk 8. The outer wall of the circumference of the knob 9 is provided with equidistantly distributed scale lines and the total number of scale lines is one hundred. When the knob 9 is rotated, the first rotating rod 10 can be driven to rotate. By setting one hundred equidistantly distributed scale lines, the number of rotations of the first rotating rod 10 can be easily controlled.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, in order to drive the second rotating rod 13 to rotate when the first rotating rod 10 rotates, a transmission structure for transmission is arranged between the first rotating rod 10 and the second rotating rod 13, and the transmission structure includes a worm 12 and a worm wheel 14. The worm 12 is arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating rod 10, and the worm wheel 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating rod 13 extending into the inner groove of the upper connecting seat 3. The outer wall of the worm 12 and the outer wall of the worm wheel 14 are meshed with each other. When the worm 12 rotates one circle, the worm wheel 14 rotates one thirtieth circle. When the knob 9 is rotated, the first rotating rod 10 drives the worm 12 to rotate, and the worm 12 can drive the worm wheel 14 and the second rotating rod 13 to rotate by meshing with the worm wheel 14.

[0031] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, in order to maintain the stability of the first rotating rod 10 during non-human action, a damping structure for stabilizing the radial position of the first rotating rod 10 is provided between the inner side wall of the sink groove of the upper connecting seat 3 and the first rotating rod 10. The damping structure includes a knurling 15 and a flexible tensioning ring 16. The flexible tensioning ring 16 is provided between the inner side wall of the support 11 and the outer wall of the first rotating rod 10. The knurling 15 is provided on the outer wall of the first rotating rod 10 and the knurling 15 abuts against the inner side wall of the flexible tensioning ring 16. The flexible tensioning ring 16 is a rubber ring, and its inner side wall is interference fit with the knurling 15 portion of the outer wall of the first rotating rod 10. The rotation damping is generated by the tension of the flexible tensioning ring 16. When the knob 9 is rotated non-humanly, the first rotating rod 10 will not rotate.

[0032] A braking structure for locking the second rotating rod 13 is provided between the second rotating rod 13 and the lower connecting seat 2. The braking structure is a magnetic powder brake 20. The magnetic powder brake 20 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the inner side of the sink groove of the lower connecting seat 2. One end of the second rotating rod 13 extending into the sink groove of the lower connecting seat 2 is connected to the magnetic powder brake 20. After the height adjustment is completed, the magnetic powder brake 20 is energized to generate magnetism, and the magnetic powder inside it is solidified, so that the second rotating rod 13 is held tightly to avoid displacement after the adjustment is completed, and at the same time, the height position of the machining tool is kept unchanged during machining;

[0033] Working principle: The side wall of the fixing frame 6 is provided with a tool groove 7, and the processing tool is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tool groove 7 by a screw. When the knob 9 is rotated, the first rotating rod 10 can be driven to rotate. Through the one hundred equidistantly distributed scale lines, the number of rotations of the first rotating rod 10 can be easily controlled. When the knob 9 is rotated, the first rotating rod 10 drives the worm 12 to rotate, and the worm 12 can drive the worm wheel 14 and the second rotating rod 13 to rotate by meshing with the worm wheel 14. When the second rotating rod 13 rotates, it can drive the slider 18 to move along the axial direction of the second rotating rod 13, thereby driving the fixing frame 6 to move upward or downward. The spring 19 can always squeeze the slider 18 downward to offset the matching clearance between the external thread 17 and the internal thread on the slider 18, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy. The rotation damping is generated by the tightening of the flexible tensioning ring 16. When the knob 9 is rotated non-artificially, the first rotating rod 1 0 will not rotate. After the height adjustment is completed, the magnetic powder brake 20 is energized to generate magnetism, and the internal magnetic powder is solidified to hold the second rotating rod 13 tightly to avoid displacement after the adjustment is completed. At the same time, the height position of the processing tool is kept unchanged during processing. The pitch of the external thread 17 is 1.5 mm, and there are 100 scale lines on the knob 9. When the worm 12 rotates one circle, the worm wheel 14 rotates one thirtieth circle. When the knob 9 rotates one circle, the worm 12 rotates one circle. At this time, the worm wheel 14 drives the second rotating rod 13 to rotate one thirtieth circle. According to the pitch of the external thread 17, it can be calculated that the distance of the axial displacement of the slider 18 along the second rotating rod 13 is 1.5 / 30=0.05mm, and when the knob 9 rotates one scale line, that is, one grid, the distance of the axial displacement of the slider 18 along the second rotating rod 13 is 0.05 / 100=0.0005mm, that is, 0.5μm, to achieve the effect of precise fine-tuning.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1) and a fixing frame (6), wherein the side wall of the fixing frame (6) is provided with a knife mounting groove (7), the upper and lower sides of the base (1) are respectively fixedly connected with an upper connecting seat (3) and a lower connecting seat (2), the upper and lower sides of the upper connecting seat (3) and the lower connecting seat (2) are both provided with a sink groove, the upper wall of the upper connecting seat (3) and the lower wall of the lower connecting seat (2) are both fixedly connected with a cover plate (4), a second rotating rod (13) is rotatably connected between the upper connecting seat (3) and the lower connecting seat (2), the upper and lower ends of the second rotating rod (13) are respectively extended into the inside of the two sink grooves, a section of the outer wall of the second rotating rod (13) located between the two sink grooves is threadedly connected with a slider (18), and the second rotating rod (13) and the lower connecting seat (2) are connected to each other. ), a braking structure for locking the second rotating rod (13) is arranged between the slider (18) and the upper connecting seat (3), a spring (19) for eliminating the rotational clearance between the slider (18) and the second rotating rod (13) is arranged between the slider (18) and the upper connecting seat (3), a first rotating rod (10) is rotatably connected between the inner left wall and the inner right wall of the upper connecting seat (3), a transmission structure for transmission is arranged between the first rotating rod (10) and the second rotating rod (13), a damping structure for stabilizing the radial position of the first rotating rod (10) is arranged between the inner wall of the sink groove of the upper connecting seat (3) and the first rotating rod (10), and an adjustment structure for driving the first rotating rod (10) to rotate is arranged between the first rotating rod (10) and the outer wall of the upper connecting seat (3).

2. The precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the base (1) is provided with a second sliding cavity (21) which is passed through from top to bottom, the sliding block (18) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding cavity (21), the front wall of the base (1) is provided with a first sliding cavity (5) which is passed through the interior of the second sliding cavity (21), the fixing frame (6) is fixedly connected to the front wall of the sliding block (18), and the outer wall of the fixing frame (6) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding cavity (5).

3. The precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer wall of the second rotating rod (13) between the two sink grooves is provided with an external thread (17), the external thread (17) is a trapezoidal thread, the pitch of the external thread (17) is 1.5 millimeters, and an inner wall of the sliding block (18) is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread (17).

4. The precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking structure is a magnetic powder brake (20), which is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the inner side of the sink groove of the lower connecting seat (2), and one end of the second rotating rod (13) extending into the sink groove of the lower connecting seat (2) is connected to the magnetic powder brake (20).

5. The precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission structure comprises a worm (12) and a worm wheel (14); the worm (12) is arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating rod (10); the worm wheel (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating rod (13) extending into the interior of the sink groove of the upper connecting seat (3); the outer wall of the worm (12) and the outer wall of the worm wheel (14) are meshed with each other; when the worm (12) rotates one circle, the worm wheel (14) rotates one thirtieth circle.

6. The precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping structure comprises a knurl (15) and a flexible tensioning ring (16); the flexible tensioning ring (16) is arranged between an inner wall of the support (11) and an outer wall of the first rotating rod (10); the knurl (15) is arranged on the outer wall of the first rotating rod (10) and the knurl (15) abuts against the inner wall of the flexible tensioning ring (16).

7. The precision fine-tuning tool rest for an ultra-precision lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment structure comprises a fixed disk (8) and a knob (9); the fixed disk (8) is fixedly connected to the right wall of the upper connecting seat (3); the right end of the first rotating rod (10) sequentially passes through the side wall of the upper connecting seat (3) and the inner wall of the fixed disk (8) and extends to the right side of the fixed disk (8); the knob (9) is fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating rod (10) extending from the fixed disk (8); and the outer wall of the knob (9) is provided with scale lines distributed at equal distances, and the total number of scale lines is one hundred.

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