End face spline, wheel bearing, half shaft and assembly structure thereof

Abstract

The utility model provides an end face spline, a wheel bearing, a half shaft and an assembly structure of the end face spline, the end face spline comprises a plurality of spline teeth which are annularly distributed around an axis W, and a key groove is formed between every two adjacent spline teeth; and the tooth top of each key tooth comprises a plurality of meshing surfaces. Compared with a single-ring end face spline structure, the spline has the advantages that the number of spline teeth is multiplied, so that the contact area of the connecting positions of the spline teeth and the key grooves is effectively increased, the installation centering is more accurate, the installation precision is higher, and the starting noise can be eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile transmission systems, in particular to an end face spline, a wheel bearing, a half shaft and an assembly structure thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wheel bearings are key components that carry weight and provide precise guidance for wheel hubs. One of their main functions is to connect with the half shaft to transmit torque. The connection between the bearing and the half shaft is mainly through axial splines or end splines. However, the axial spline connection has disadvantages such as difficult installation, low torque transmission efficiency, and starting noise. The tooth top meshing surface of the traditional end spline is a single ring structure, which has the disadvantages of inaccurate centering and limited number of spline teeth. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides an end spline, a wheel bearing, a half-axle and an assembly structure thereof, wherein the tooth top of each key tooth of the end spline includes multiple meshing surfaces, so that the end spline forms a multi-ring structure, the number of spline teeth is multiplied, and the installation centering is more precise and the installation accuracy is higher.

[0004] The utility model solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] A face spline, comprising a plurality of key teeth distributed in an annular manner around an axis W, a keyway being provided between two adjacent key teeth; the tooth top of each key tooth comprises a plurality of meshing surfaces, the contour lines of the axial cross sections of the adjacent meshing surfaces are respectively a first line and a second line, and the first line and the second line have an intersection A;

[0006] Both the first line and the second line are straight line segments, and the first line and the second line have an angle α, which is an obtuse angle; or, both the first line and the second line are curved segments, and a tangent of the first line extending in a direction close to the first line at the intersection A and a tangent of the second line extending in a direction close to the second line at the intersection A have an angle α, which is an obtuse angle; or, one of the first line and the second line is a straight line segment, and the other is a curved segment, and the straight line segment and a tangent of the curved segment extending in a direction close to the curved segment at the intersection A have an angle α, and the angle α is an obtuse angle or a straight angle.

[0007] Furthermore, 140°≤included angle α≤175°; preferably 140°≤included angle α≤160°, so that the fluctuation between the meshing surfaces of the tooth top is smooth.

[0008] Furthermore, the meshing surface is a plane or a curved surface.

[0009] Further, the tooth top of the key tooth includes a first meshing surface and a second meshing surface, and the first meshing surface intersects with the second meshing surface to form a ridge, and the ridge is higher than one of the outer end and the inner end of the tooth top of the key tooth, and higher than or flush with the other of the outer end and the inner end of the tooth top of the key tooth; or, the ridge is lower than one of the outer end and the inner end of the tooth top of the key tooth, and lower than or flush with the other of the outer end and the inner end of the tooth top of the key tooth, so that the tooth top of the key tooth forms a V shape or an inverted V shape.

[0010] Furthermore, the tooth top of the key tooth comprises a first meshing surface, a transition surface and a second meshing surface which are connected in sequence, and the second meshing surface is higher than the first meshing surface, so that the tooth top of the key tooth forms a step shape.

[0011] Furthermore, the radial length of the first meshing surface or the second meshing surface is 40%-60% of the radial length of the tooth top.

[0012] Furthermore, a wheel bearing comprises the above-mentioned end spline, the wheel bearing comprises a flange, the flange has a wheel connection end and a shaft connection end, the end spline is arranged on the end face of the shaft connection end of the flange for connecting the half shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a half shaft includes the end face spline mentioned above, the half shaft includes a shaft body and a flange connection part arranged at one end of the shaft body, and the end face spline is arranged on the end face of the flange connection part for connecting to a wheel bearing.

[0014] Furthermore, an end spline assembly structure includes the wheel bearing and half shaft described above; the end spline of the wheel bearing is a first spline, the key tooth is a first tooth, and the keyway is a first groove; the end spline of the half shaft is a second spline, the key tooth is a second tooth, and the keyway is a second groove; the number of the first teeth is the same as the number of the second teeth; the second groove is adapted to the first tooth and meshed with a clearance fit; the first groove is adapted to the second tooth and meshed with a clearance fit.

[0015] Furthermore, the assembly tolerance between the first spline and the second spline is 0.02-0.03 mm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] (1) Compared with the traditional axial internal and external spline structure, the wheel bearing can increase the inner hole diameter of the flange by eliminating the internal spline, reduce the weight of the wheel bearing by about 15%, achieve bearing weight reduction, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions; and can increase the maximum transmission torque by about 60%, thereby better improving the transmission efficiency.

[0018] (2) Compared with the single-ring end face spline structure, the number of spline teeth is doubled, thereby effectively increasing the contact area between the key teeth and the keyway connection position, which has the advantages of more precise installation centering, higher installation accuracy and elimination of starting noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the end face spline assembly structure of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the end face of the wheel bearing of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an enlarged view of B of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a CC cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model when the key tooth is engaged with the keyway.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a CC cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the utility model when the key tooth is engaged with the keyway.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a CC cross-sectional schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the utility model when the key tooth is engaged with the keyway.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a CC cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the utility model when the key tooth is engaged with the keyway.

[0026] In the figure: 1-end face spline; 11-key tooth; 12-keyway; 13-first line; 14-second line; 15-tangent line; 16-first meshing surface; 17-second meshing surface; 18-ridge; 19-transition surface; 100-wheel bearing; 101-flange; 200-half shaft; 201-flange connection part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, it should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "inside" and "outside" is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or position relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the equipment or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, it should be noted that the axial section is a plane passing through the axis W, the end face is an end face perpendicular to the axis W, and the radial direction is the radius direction of a circle perpendicular to the axis W.

[0029] The utility model provides an end face spline 1, combined with Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, it includes a plurality of key teeth 11 distributed in a ring around an axis W, and a keyway 12 is provided between two adjacent key teeth 11; the tooth top of each key tooth 11 includes a plurality of meshing surfaces, and the contour lines of the axial sections of adjacent meshing surfaces are respectively a first line 13 and a second line 14, and the first line 13 and the second line 14 have an intersection A. The meshing surface can be a plane or a curved surface, and correspondingly, the first line 13 and the second line 14 are straight line segments or curved line segments, and preferably the meshing surface is a plane or an arc surface. Figure 4 As shown, when the adjacent meshing surfaces are both planes, the first line 13 and the second line 14 are both straight line segments, the first line 13 and the second line 14 have an angle α, the angle α is an obtuse angle, and the planes where the adjacent meshing surfaces are located are not coplanar. Figure 5 As shown, when the adjacent meshing surfaces are curved surfaces, the first line 13 and the second line 14 are both curved segments, and the tangent line 15 of the first line 13 extending in the direction close to the first line 13 at the intersection A and the tangent line 15 of the second line 14 extending in the direction close to the second line 14 at the intersection A have an angle α, and the angle α is an obtuse angle. Figure 6 As shown, when one of the adjacent meshing surfaces is a plane and the other is a curved surface, one of the first line 13 and the second line 14 is a straight line segment and the other is a curved line segment, and the straight line segment and the tangent line 15 extending in the direction close to the curved line segment at the intersection A of the curved line segment have an angle α, and the angle α is an obtuse angle or a straight angle. When the end face spline 1 is used, it is used in conjunction with another end face spline 1, and the key teeth 11 of the end face spline 1 are meshed with the key groove 12 of the other end face spline 1, and the key groove 12 of the end face spline 1 is meshed with the key teeth 11 of the other end face spline 1. Compared with the single-ring end face spline structure, the number of meshing teeth of the multiple meshing surfaces of the tooth tops of the key teeth 11 of the end face spline 1 and the key groove 12 of the other end face spline 1 are doubled.

[0030] Preferably, 140°≤angle α≤175°, for example, angle α can be set to 140°, 145°, 150°, 155°, 160°, 165°, 170°, 175° and other obtuse angles; more preferably, 140°≤angle α≤160°, so that the fluctuation between the meshing surfaces of the tooth top is smooth, the tooth top is easy to mesh, and the strength of the key tooth 11 can be improved to prevent stress concentration and collapse when the key tooth 11 is meshed. Furthermore, the inner end of the key tooth 11, the outer end of the key tooth 11, the tooth surface and the connection surface of the key groove 12 bottom can be set to be smoothly connected with an arc surface.

[0031] In one embodiment, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the tooth top of the key tooth 11 includes a first meshing surface 16 and a second meshing surface 17, and the first meshing surface 16 and the second meshing surface 17 intersect to form a ridge 18, and the ridge 18 is higher than one of the tooth top outer end and the tooth top inner end of the key tooth 11, and higher than or flush with the other of the tooth top outer end and the tooth top inner end of the key tooth 11; or, the ridge 18 is lower than one of the tooth top outer end and the tooth top inner end of the key tooth 11, and lower than or flush with the other of the tooth top outer end and the tooth top inner end of the key tooth 11. The first meshing surface 16 and the second meshing surface 17 form an upwardly convex ridge 18 or a downwardly concave ridge 18. At this time, the intersection lines of the first meshing surface 16 and the second meshing surface 17 with the axial section are the first line 13 and the second line 14 respectively, and the intersection point of the ridge 18 with the axial section is the intersection point A, that is, the intersection point A of the axial section of the tooth top of the key tooth 11 is located at the ridge 18, and the tooth top of the key tooth 11 forms a V-shape or an inverted V-shape with a large angle. Reference Figure 2 As shown, the end surface projection of the inner end of the tooth top of each healthy tooth is distributed on the first virtual circle, the end surface projection of the outer end of the tooth top of each healthy tooth is distributed on the second virtual circle, the end surface projection of each ridge 18 is distributed on the third virtual circle, and the end surface projections of the first meshing surface 16 and the second meshing surface 17 of the tooth top form two concentric rings. Compared with the single-ring end face spline 1, the number of teeth of the key tooth 11 is doubled, which can effectively increase the contact area of ​​the connection position between the key tooth 11 and the keyway 12, and has the advantages of more precise installation centering, higher installation accuracy and elimination of starting noise.

[0032] In one embodiment, reference Figure 7As shown, the tooth top of the key tooth 11 includes a first meshing surface 16, a transition surface 19 and a second meshing surface 17 connected in sequence, and the second meshing surface 17 is higher than the first meshing surface 16. The first meshing surface 16 and the transition surface 19 form adjacent surfaces, and the intersection lines of the first meshing surface 16 and the transition surface 19 with the axial section are the first line 13 and the second line 14, respectively. The second meshing surface 17 and the transition surface 19 form adjacent surfaces, and the intersection lines of the second meshing surface 17 and the transition surface 19 with the axial section are the first line 13 and the second line 14, respectively. The angle α between the first line 13 or the tangent 15 of the first line 13 and the second line 14 or the tangent 15 of the second line 14 of the two sets of adjacent meshing surfaces is an obtuse angle, and the intersection line formed by the first meshing surface 16 and the axial section is parallel to the intersection line formed by the second meshing surface 17 and the axial section, or the angle between them is an obtuse angle. The tooth top of the key tooth 11 forms a step type, and the end surface projections of the first meshing surface 16, the transition surface 19 and the second meshing surface 17 of the tooth top form three circular rings. Compared with the single-ring end face spline 1, the number of teeth of the key tooth 11 is increased by 2 times. When the key tooth 11 is meshed with the keyway 12, an assembly gap can also be formed on the transition surface 19, so that the first meshing surface 16 and the second meshing surface 17 are respectively tightly meshed with the keyway 12.

[0033] Preferably, the radial length of the first meshing surface 16 or the second meshing surface 17 is 40%-60% of the radial length of the tooth top. Figure 2 As shown, the diameters of the first virtual circle, the second virtual circle and the third virtual circle are D1, D2 and D3 respectively, and the difference between D2 and D3 or the difference between D3 and D1 is 40%-60% of the difference between D2 and D1, for example, D2-D3=(D2-D1)*x, x is 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, etc. The radial lengths of the first meshing surface 16 and the second meshing surface 17 are substantially the same, which reduces the difficulty of assembly and improves the installation accuracy.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the utility model also provides a wheel bearing 100, which includes the above-mentioned end spline 1. The wheel bearing 100 includes a flange 101, and the flange 101 has a wheel connection end and an axle connection end. The end spline 1 is arranged on the end face of the axle connection end of the flange 101, and is used to connect the half shaft 200.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the utility model also provides a half shaft 200, which includes the above-mentioned end spline 1. The half shaft 200 includes an axle body and a flange connection part 201 arranged at one end of the axle body, and the end spline 1 is arranged on the end face of the flange connection part 201 for connecting the wheel bearing 100.

[0036] refer to Figure 1As shown, the utility model also provides an end face spline 1 assembly structure, including the wheel bearing 100 and the half shaft 200 described above; the end face spline 1 of the wheel bearing 100 is a first spline, the key tooth 11 is a first tooth, and the keyway 12 is a first groove; the end face spline 1 of the half shaft 200 is a second spline, the key tooth 11 is a second tooth, and the keyway 12 is a second groove; the number of the first teeth is the same as the number of the second teeth; the second groove is adapted to the first teeth, and meshes with clearance fit; the first groove is adapted to the second teeth, and meshes with clearance fit. When the wheel bearing 100 and the half shaft 200 are assembled, each first tooth is aligned and clamped with each second groove, and each second tooth is aligned and clamped with each second groove, so that the first spline is clamped and connected with the second spline, thereby realizing the connection between the wheel bearing 100 and the half shaft 200. The tooth top of the first tooth of the first spline has multiple meshing surfaces, and correspondingly, the groove bottom of the second groove of the second spline has multiple matching meshing surfaces; the tooth top of the second tooth of the second spline has multiple meshing surfaces, and correspondingly, the groove bottom of the first groove of the first spline has multiple matching meshing surfaces. The first tooth and the second tooth can be designed with respective meshing surface shapes and sizes as needed. For the convenience of processing and installation, preferably, the first tooth is the same as the second tooth.

[0037] The first spline and the second spline are engaged by snapping, and the installation centering is more accurate and the installation precision is higher; the first spline and the second spline are tightly snapped, and the gap between the key tooth 11 and the corresponding keyway 12 can also be reduced, thereby eliminating the starting noise and improving the vibration and noise performance of the vehicle. Preferably, the assembly tolerance of the first spline and the second spline is set to 0.02-0.03mm. Compared with the traditional axial internal and external spline structure, the wheel bearing 100 can also increase the inner hole diameter of the flange 101 by eliminating the internal spline, thereby reducing the weight of the wheel bearing 100 by about 15%, achieving bearing weight reduction and reducing carbon dioxide emissions; it can also increase the maximum transmission torque by about 60%, and better increase the transmission efficiency.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An end face spline, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of key teeth distributed in an annular shape around an axis W, and a keyway is provided between two adjacent key teeth; the tooth top of each key tooth comprises a plurality of meshing surfaces, and the contour lines of the axial sections of the adjacent meshing surfaces are respectively a first line and a second line, and the first line and the second line have an intersection A; Both the first line and the second line are straight line segments, and the first line and the second line have an angle α, which is an obtuse angle; or, both the first line and the second line are curved segments, and a tangent of the first line extending in a direction close to the first line at the intersection A and a tangent of the second line extending in a direction close to the second line at the intersection A have an angle α, which is an obtuse angle; or, one of the first line and the second line is a straight line segment, and the other is a curved segment, and the straight line segment and a tangent of the curved segment extending in a direction close to the curved segment at the intersection A have an angle α, and the angle α is an obtuse angle or a straight angle.

2. The end face spline according to claim 1, characterized in that: 140°≤angle α≤175°.

3. The face spline according to claim 2, characterized in that: 140°≤angle α≤160°.

4. The end face spline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meshing surface is a plane or a curved surface.

5. The face spline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth top of the key tooth includes a first meshing surface and a second meshing surface, wherein the first meshing surface intersects with the second meshing surface to form a ridge, wherein the ridge is higher than one of the tooth top outer end and the tooth top inner end of the key tooth, and higher than or flush with the other of the tooth top outer end and the tooth top inner end of the key tooth; or, the ridge is lower than one of the tooth top outer end and the tooth top inner end of the key tooth, and lower than or flush with the other of the tooth top outer end and the tooth top inner end of the key tooth.

6. The face spline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth top of the key tooth comprises a first meshing surface, a transition surface and a second meshing surface connected in sequence, and the second meshing surface is higher than the first meshing surface.

7. The face spline according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The radial length of the first meshing surface or the second meshing surface is 40%-60% of the radial length of the tooth top.

8. A wheel bearing, characterized in that: Including the end spline according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the wheel bearing includes a flange, the flange has a wheel connection end and a shaft connection end, and the end spline is arranged on the end face of the shaft connection end of the flange for connecting the half shaft.

9. A half shaft, characterized in that: Including the end face spline according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the half shaft includes an axle body and a flange connection portion arranged at one end of the axle body, and the end face spline is arranged on the end face of the flange connection portion for connecting a wheel bearing.

10. An end face spline assembly structure, characterized in that: It includes the wheel bearing according to claim 8 and the half shaft according to claim 9; the end face spline of the wheel bearing is the first spline, the key tooth is the first tooth, and the keyway is the first groove; the end face spline of the half shaft is the second spline, the key tooth is the second tooth, and the keyway is the second groove; the number of the first teeth is the same as the number of the second teeth; the second groove is adapted to the first tooth and meshed with clearance fit; the first groove is adapted to the second tooth and meshed with clearance fit.

11. The end face spline assembly structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The assembly tolerance between the first spline and the second spline is 0.02-0.03 mm.

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