Engine, fuel gas inlet structure thereof and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides an engine and its gas inlet structure and vehicle, the engine gas inlet structure of the utility model comprises an ejector and a gas guide cover which are arranged on the engine, the gas guide cover is sleeved outside the nozzle of the ejector, a gas guide channel is formed between the gas guide cover and the nozzle, and the gas guide cover is provided with a plurality of gas guide holes. The air guide channels communicate with a combustion chamber of the engine through the air guide holes, and the multiple air guide holes are non-evenly arranged around the axis of the ejector. According to the gas inlet structure of the engine, the gas guide cover covers the nozzle of the ejector, and the gas guide holes which are non-uniformly arranged around the axis of the ejector are formed in the gas guide cover, so that the gas flow in the ejector can be guided to be ejected into the cylinder at a more proper angle, and the formation of combustible mixed gas is facilitated; the heat efficiency of the engine can be improved, and the emission amount of nitric oxide is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to an engine fuel gas intake structure. Meanwhile, the utility model also relates to an engine provided with the engine fuel gas intake structure, and a vehicle provided with the engine. Background Art

[0002] As engine emission regulations become increasingly stringent, hydrogen internal combustion engines are being used more and more. Among them, direct injection hydrogen internal combustion engines have the advantages of higher thermal efficiency and stronger power compared to intake port injection hydrogen internal combustion engines.

[0003] At present, most direct-injection hydrogen injector nozzles use outward-opening nozzles, with the air beam spraying around the injector. The fuel concentration in the middle is low, which is not conducive to the formation of the mixture, resulting in low thermal efficiency of the engine. Moreover, during the intake stroke, if the injector is not arranged properly or the nozzle structure is not reasonable, the air beam will be directly sprayed into the intake duct, posing a risk of backfire. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model aims to provide an engine fuel gas intake structure to improve the thermal efficiency of the engine.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] An engine gas intake structure includes an injector and an air guide cover arranged on the engine;

[0007] The air guide cover is sleeved outside the nozzle of the injector, and an air guide channel is formed between the air guide cover and the nozzle, and a plurality of air guide holes are provided on the air guide cover;

[0008] Each of the air guide holes connects the air guide passage with the combustion chamber of the engine, and a plurality of the air guide holes are unevenly arranged around the axis of the injector.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the air guide holes is a tapered hole, and the inner diameter of the air guide hole gradually increases along the air flow direction.

[0010] Further, the cone angle of the cone hole is between 8° and 12°; and / or,

[0011] The angle between the axis of each of the air guide holes and the axis of the injector is between 30° and 50°.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the air guide holes is arranged on the end surface of the air guide cover facing the combustion chamber, and the end surface is a plane.

[0013] Furthermore, the engine comprises a cylinder head and a cylinder body which enclose the combustion chamber, and the injector is arranged on the cylinder head;

[0014] The end surface is flush with the bottom surface of the cylinder cover.

[0015] Furthermore, among the plurality of air guide holes, a portion of the air guide holes are arranged toward the air intake side of the engine, and another portion of the air guide holes are arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine;

[0016] The number of the air guide holes arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine is less than the number of the air guide holes arranged toward the intake side of the engine.

[0017] Further, the air guide holes arranged toward the air intake side of the engine include a first air guide hole, a second air guide hole, and a third air guide hole, and the air guide holes arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine include a fourth air guide hole;

[0018] There is an angle α between the axis of the fourth air guide hole and the axis of the first air guide hole. 1 The axis of the fourth air guide hole and the axis of the third air guide hole have an angle α 2 There is a distance β between the axis of the second air guide hole and the axis of the first air guide hole. 1 , and an angle β is formed between the axis of the second air guide hole and the axis of the third air guide hole 2 ;

[0019] Among them, α 1 >β 1 , α 1 >β 2 , α 2 >β 1 , α 2 >β 2 .

[0020] Furthermore, the angle α 1 and the angle α 2 are 120°; and / or,

[0021] The angle β 1 and the angle β 2 Both are 60°.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] The engine fuel gas intake structure described in the utility model can guide the airflow in the injector to be injected into the cylinder at a more appropriate angle by arranging an air guide cover on the outer cover of the nozzle of the injector and arranging a plurality of air guide holes unevenly arranged around the axis of the injector on the air guide cover, thereby facilitating the formation of a combustible mixture, improving the thermal efficiency of the engine, and reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides.

[0024] In addition, by setting each air guide hole as a conical hole, the gas can be injected into the combustion chamber in a divergent shape, which is conducive to the rapid formation of the mixed gas. The angle between the axis of each air guide hole and the axis of the injector is between 30°-50°, which is convenient for mixing the gas and air and is conducive to the formation of the mixed gas. By setting each air guide hole on the end face of the air guide cover facing the combustion chamber, and the end face is a plane, the uniformity of the temperature at each position can be improved to prevent pre-ignition.

[0025] In addition, making the end surface of the air guide cover flush with the bottom surface of the cylinder head can prevent the formation of high-temperature hot spots on the end surface after combustion, which can cause pre-ignition. By making the number of air guide holes arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine less than the number of air guide holes arranged toward the intake side of the engine, the amount of gas injected into high-temperature components such as the exhaust valve can be effectively reduced, which is conducive to improving combustion efficiency.

[0026] The utility model also relates to an engine, wherein the engine fuel gas intake structure as described above is provided in the engine.

[0027] In addition, the utility model also relates to a vehicle, in which the engine as described above is provided.

[0028] The vehicle and engine described in the utility model have all the beneficial effects of the engine fuel gas intake structure described above, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the assembly state of the ejector and the air guide cover according to the embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air guide cover according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air guide cover according to an embodiment of the utility model from another perspective;

[0033] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the air guide hood according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylinder head described in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Air guide cover; 2. Injector; 3. Cylinder head; 4. Intake valve; 5. Exhaust valve;

[0037] 101, first air guide hole; 102, second air guide hole; 103, third air guide hole; 104, fourth air guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", and "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific circumstances.

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] The present embodiment relates to an engine fuel gas intake structure, which overall comprises an injector 2 and an air guide cover 1 arranged on the engine.

[0044] The air guide cover 1 is sleeved outside the nozzle of the injector 2, and an air guide channel is formed between the air guide cover 1 and the nozzle, and a plurality of air guide holes are provided on the air guide cover 1. Each air guide hole connects the air guide channel with the combustion chamber of the engine, and the plurality of air guide holes are unevenly arranged around the axis of the injector 2.

[0045] Specifically, combined with Figures 1 to 5 As shown in , the structure of the injector 2 is the same as that of the prior art, and is explained by taking the injection of hydrogen as an example. Of course, in the specific implementation, it can also be used to inject other combustible gases. A gas channel for gas to enter is formed inside the injector 2, and a nozzle is provided at the gas outlet end of the gas channel. Because the injection holes on the existing nozzles are generally evenly arranged around the axis of the injector 2, and there is an angle of approximately 45° between each injection hole and the axis of the injector 2, the fuel concentration in the middle part is low, which is not conducive to the formation of the mixed gas. Moreover, air generally enters from the intake valve 4 on the intake side of the engine, so that the air concentration on the intake side is relatively large, and the uniform arrangement of the injection holes is not conducive to the uniform formation of the mixed gas.

[0046] In this embodiment, by setting the air guide cover 1 and making the axes of the multiple air guide holes around the injector 2 unevenly arranged, the injector 2 can be reasonably installed to guide the airflow in the injector 2 to be more reasonably injected into the cylinder, which can be conducive to the formation of the mixed gas, improve the thermal efficiency of the engine, and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. Among them, the structure of the engine is the same as that of the prior art, which generally includes a cylinder head 3 and a cylinder body formed with a combustion chamber, and the injector 2 is specifically arranged on the cylinder head 3, and preferably arranged in the middle position of the cylinder head 3. In addition, the number of combustion chambers is not specifically limited in this embodiment, and other structures can also refer to the prior art. As a specific embodiment, the cylinder head 3 is provided with a mounting hole connected to the combustion chamber, and the injector 2 and the air guide cover 1 are specifically arranged in the mounting hole.

[0047] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, as a preferred embodiment, the air guide cover 1 is in the shape of a cylinder with one end open, and its inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the injector 2, and the axis of the air guide cover 1 coincides with the axis of the injector 2. In addition, in the specific implementation, the air guide cover 1 can be connected together by welding or threading, and of course, the air guide cover 1 can also be integrally formed with the injector 2 in the prior art. It should be noted that the air guide cover 1 is not only Figure 2 The cylindrical shape shown in the figure can also be changed according to design requirements.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 2As shown in , each air guide hole is arranged on the end surface of the air guide cover 1 facing the combustion chamber, and the end surface is a plane. Such a design can effectively ensure the uniformity of the temperature at each position of the air guide cover 1 and prevent premature ignition at a local position. In addition, as a further embodiment, the end surface is flush with the bottom surface of the cylinder head 3 to prevent the formation of a high-temperature hot spot on the end surface after combustion, thereby causing premature ignition. In addition, it should be noted that, similar to the prior art, a spark plug not shown in the figure is generally provided on the cylinder head 3, and its specific structure can refer to the prior art. Moreover, as a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, a fixing hole for fixing the spark plug is provided on the cylinder head 3, and the spark plug is arranged in the fixing hole, and its end close to the combustion chamber is located in the fixing hole, that is, the spark plug does not extend into the combustion chamber, so as to further prevent premature ignition from occurring in a local area of ​​the combustion chamber.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown in , as a preferred embodiment, each gas guide hole is a tapered hole, and the inner diameter of the gas guide hole gradually increases along the gas flow direction. In this way, the gas can be injected into the combustion chamber in a divergent shape, which is conducive to the rapid formation of the mixed gas. In addition, to further facilitate the formation of the mixed gas, the cone angle of the tapered hole is between 8°-12°, and / or the angle between the axis of each gas guide hole and the axis of the injector 2 is between 30°-50°.

[0050] In this embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the cone angle of the conical hole is between 8°-12°, and the angle γ between the axis of each air guide hole and the axis of the injector 2 is between 30°-50°. Among them, as a specific embodiment, the cone angle of the conical hole is 10°, and the angle γ between the axis of each air guide hole and the axis of the injector 2 is 45°. It should be noted that the cone angle of the conical hole can be set to 8°, 11°, 12° or other values ​​in addition to 10°, and γ can be set to 30°, 35°, 40°, 45° or other values ​​in addition to 45°.

[0051] Since air generally enters from the intake valve 4, in order to facilitate the full mixing of the gas discharged from the air guide cover 1 with the air to better form a mixed gas and improve the thermal efficiency of the engine, in this embodiment, among the multiple air guide holes, a part of the air guide holes are arranged toward the intake side of the engine, and another part of the air guide holes are arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine. Among them, the number of air guide holes arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine is less than the number of air guide holes arranged toward the intake side of the engine.

[0052] Here, for ease of understanding, refer to Figure 5As shown in , this embodiment is described by taking the cylinder head 3 as having two groups of intake valves 4 and exhaust valves 5 as an example. The intake side specifically refers to the side having the intake valves 4, and the exhaust side refers to the side having the exhaust valves 5. As a preferred embodiment, the number of air guide holes in this embodiment is equal to the sum of the number of the intake valves 4 and the exhaust valves 5, that is, a total of four air guide holes are provided on the air guide cover 1. Specifically, as Figure 5 As shown in , the air guide holes arranged toward the air intake side of the engine include a first air guide hole 101 , a second air guide hole 102 , and a third air guide hole 103 , while the air guide holes arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine include a fourth air guide hole 104 .

[0053] Furthermore, there is an angle α between the axis of the fourth air guide hole 104 and the axis of the first air guide hole 101. 1 There is an angle α between the axis of the fourth air guide hole 104 and the axis of the third air guide hole 103 2 There is a distance β between the axis of the second air guide hole 102 and the axis of the first air guide hole 101. 1 , and the axis of the second air guide hole 102 and the axis of the third air guide hole 103 have an angle β 2 Among them, α 1 >β 1 , α 1 >β 2 , α 2 >β 1 , α 2 >β 2 In this embodiment, for the convenience of explaining each angle, Figure 5 The dotted lines in the figure indicate the range of the air beam ejected from each air guide hole, and the center line of each air beam coincides with the axis of the corresponding air guide hole.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , as a preferred embodiment, the first air guide hole 101 sprays gas toward between one group of intake valves 4 and exhaust valves 5, while the third air guide hole 103 sprays gas toward between another group of intake valves 4 and exhaust valves 5, the second air guide hole 102 sprays gas toward between two intake valves 4, and the fourth air guide hole 104 sprays gas between two exhaust valves 5. Such an arrangement can facilitate the rapid formation of a mixed gas in the combustion chamber, improve the combustion efficiency of the mixed gas, and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides.

[0055] In addition, in this embodiment, as a preferred implementation, α1=α2, and β1=β2. And, as a preferred embodiment, the angle α1 and the angle α2 are both 120°, and the angle β1 and the angle β2 are both 60°, so as to reduce the amount of hydrogen injected to the exhaust valve, thereby effectively preventing hydrogen from being sprayed to high-temperature components such as the exhaust valve. It should be noted that the number of air guide holes can be equal to the sum of the number of intake valves 4 and exhaust valves 5, and the two can also be set to different values. In addition, α 1 With α 2 They can also be set to different values, β 1 With β 2 They can also be set to different values. 1 , α 2 and β 1 and β 2 The values ​​can be adjusted according to design requirements.

[0056] The engine gas intake structure of this embodiment, by adopting the above structure, can guide the gas to be sprayed into the combustion chamber at the most appropriate angle, which is conducive to forming a combustible mixture, helps to improve the combustion quality, and reduces the emission of nitrogen oxides.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] This embodiment also relates to an engine, which is a hydrogen internal combustion engine and is provided with the engine fuel gas intake structure of the first embodiment.

[0059] In addition, the present embodiment also relates to a vehicle, in which the engine as described above is provided.

[0060] The vehicle and engine of this embodiment have all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned engine gas intake structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engine gas intake structure, characterized in that: It comprises an injector (2) and an air guide cover (1) arranged on the engine; The air guide cover (1) is sleeved outside the nozzle of the injector (2), and an air guide passage is formed between the air guide cover (1) and the nozzle, and a plurality of air guide holes are provided on the air guide cover (1); Each of the air guide holes connects the air guide passage to the combustion chamber of the engine, and a plurality of the air guide holes are unevenly arranged around the axis of the injector (2).

2. The engine gas intake structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the air guide holes is a tapered hole, and the inner diameter of the air guide hole gradually increases along the air flow direction.

3. The engine gas intake structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cone angle of the tapered hole is between 8° and 12°; and / or, The angle between the axis of each of the air guide holes and the axis of the injector (2) is between 30° and 50°.

4. The engine gas intake structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the air guide holes is arranged on the end surface of the air guide cover (1) facing the combustion chamber, and the end surface is a plane.

5. The engine gas intake structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The engine comprises a cylinder head (3) and a cylinder body which enclose the combustion chamber, and the injector (2) is arranged on the cylinder head (3); The end surface is flush with the bottom surface of the cylinder cover (3).

6. The engine gas intake structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Among the plurality of air guide holes, a portion of the air guide holes are arranged toward the air intake side of the engine, and another portion of the air guide holes are arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine; The number of the air guide holes arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine is less than the number of the air guide holes arranged toward the intake side of the engine.

7. The engine gas intake structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air guide holes arranged toward the air intake side of the engine include a first air guide hole (101), a second air guide hole (102) and a third air guide hole (103), and the air guide holes arranged toward the exhaust side of the engine include a fourth air guide hole (104); An included angle α1 is formed between the axis of the fourth air guide hole (104) and the axis of the first air guide hole (101), an included angle α2 is formed between the axis of the fourth air guide hole (104) and the axis of the third air guide hole (103), an included angle β1 is formed between the axis of the second air guide hole (102) and the axis of the first air guide hole (101), and an included angle β2 is formed between the axis of the second air guide hole (102) and the axis of the third air guide hole (103); Among them, α1>β1, α1>β2, α2>β1, α2>β2.

8. The engine gas intake structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle α1 and the angle α2 are both 120°; and / or, The angle β1 and the angle β2 are both 60°.

9. An engine, characterized in that: The engine is provided with the engine fuel gas intake structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is provided with the engine according to claim 9.

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