Power supply apparatus and power supply system

Abstract

The utility model provides power supply equipment, which comprises a lightning protection circuit, a rectifying circuit and a fuse, and is characterized in that the lightning protection circuit comprises a first live wire port and is used for discharging surge current to the ground or a power grid when the surge current is input from the first live wire port. The rectifying circuit comprises a second live wire port and is used for converting alternating current input from the second live wire port into direct current. One end of the fuse is connected with the first live wire port, and the other end of the fuse is connected with the second live wire port. Therefore, when a lightning protection test is carried out or lightning stroke is encountered, surge current cannot flow into the fuse under the action of the lightning protection circuit, and the fuse cannot be fused; when a fault such as a short circuit occurs in the power supply device, a short-circuit current can flow into the fuse, and the connection between the power supply device and the AC power supply is cut off. Therefore, on the premise that the lightning protection test requirement is met, the isolation of the fault power supply equipment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electric power, and in particular to a power supply device and a power supply system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, a power supply device is known, which can convert AC power from a power grid or an AC generator into DC power, so as to provide DC power for a load.

[0003] In order to avoid danger caused by faults such as short circuits in the power supply device, a fuse can be set at the input interface of the AC end of the power supply device. Therefore, if a fault such as a short circuit occurs in the power supply device, the heat generated by the fault will cause the fuse to melt, thereby disconnecting the path between the AC input and the power supply device, cutting off the AC power supply of the power supply device, thereby avoiding danger caused by the faulty power supply device.

[0004] However, in actual use, equipment connected to the mains power grid also needs to meet lightning protection requirements, that is, the power supply equipment needs to ensure that it will not stop working due to the lightning current after being struck by lightning. Therefore, in order to meet the lightning protection requirements, the fuse's fusing current needs to be greater than the test current specified in the lightning protection test.

[0005] However, the short-circuit current generated by the internal fault of the power supply device is much smaller than the test current. Therefore, under the premise of meeting the lightning protection test requirements, it is impossible to isolate the faulty power supply device. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present application provides a power supply device and a power supply system, which can isolate a faulty power supply device while meeting the lightning protection test requirements.

[0007] In a first aspect, a power supply device is provided, which includes a lightning protection circuit, a rectifier circuit and a fuse.

[0008] The lightning protection circuit includes a first live wire port, a first neutral wire port and at least one switch element. The first live wire port is used to connect the live wire of an AC power source, and the first neutral wire port is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source.

[0009] Each of the at least one switching element is turned on when a voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0010] In one implementation, the at least one switch element includes a first switch element, one end of the first switch element is connected to the first live wire port, and the other end of the first switch element is connected to the first neutral wire port.

[0011] In another implementation, the at least one switch element includes a second switch element, one end of the second switch element is connected to the first live wire port, and the other end of the second switch element is grounded.

[0012] In still another implementation, the at least one switch element includes a third switch element, one end of the third switch element is connected to the first neutral line port, and the other end of the third switch element is grounded.

[0013] The rectifier circuit comprises a second live wire port and a second neutral wire port. The second live wire port is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source, and the second neutral wire port is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source. The rectifier circuit is used to convert AC power into DC power.

[0014] The fuse is used to disconnect a circuit between two ends of the fuse in response to a current flowing into the fuse being greater than or equal to a second threshold.

[0015] In one implementation, one end of the fuse is connected to the first live wire port, and the other end of the fuse is connected to the second live wire port.

[0016] In yet another implementation, one end of the fuse is connected to the first neutral line port, and the other end of the fuse is connected to the second neutral line port.

[0017] According to the power supply device provided by the present application, by setting the fuse between the live wire port of the lightning protection circuit and the live wire port of the rectifier circuit (or, setting the fuse between the neutral wire port of the lightning protection circuit and the neutral wire port of the rectifier circuit), when performing a lightning protection test or encountering a lightning strike, the surge current will turn on the switch element, so that the surge current will not flow into the fuse, and then the fuse will not be blown; when the power supply device has a fault such as a short circuit, the short-circuit current can flow into the fuse and cut off the connection between the power supply device and the AC power supply. Furthermore, the faulty power supply device can be isolated under the premise of meeting the requirements of the lightning protection test.

[0018] Therefore, based on the solution provided by the present application, the second threshold value can be made smaller than the peak value of the current flowing through the switch element when the switch element is turned on. In other words, the second threshold value can be made smaller than the minimum current value required by the lightning protection test.

[0019] In one implementation, the power supply device also includes a power conversion circuit, which includes a positive input port and a negative input port, the positive input port is connected to the positive output port, and the negative input port is connected to the negative output port, and the power conversion circuit is used to convert direct current.

[0020] That is, in the above implementation, a power conversion circuit may be further provided to adjust the voltage of the direct current output by the above rectification circuit to meet the load demand.

[0021] The power conversion circuit includes an inductor element and a diode. The inductor element is used for converting electrical energy and magnetic field energy. The diode is connected in parallel with the inductor element. The diode is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a third threshold.

[0022] That is, when lightning strikes or surges occur, although a lightning protection circuit is set up as described above, a portion of the electrical energy will still flow into the rectifier circuit and the power conversion circuit. At this time, by setting a diode, when this portion of the electrical energy flows into the power conversion circuit, the diode is turned on, thereby not affecting the normal operation of the power conversion circuit.

[0023] In this case, by setting the second threshold value greater than the peak value of the current flowing through the diode when the diode is turned on, when the surge current flows into the rectifier circuit or the power conversion circuit, this part of the current will not cause the fuse to blow, thereby further reliably meeting the requirements of the lightning protection test.

[0024] In a second aspect, a power supply device is provided, which includes a lightning protection circuit, a rectifier circuit, a power conversion circuit and a fuse.

[0025] The lightning protection circuit includes at least one switch element. Each switch element is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0026] In one implementation, the at least one switch element includes a first switch element, one end of which is used to connect to a live wire of an AC power source, and the other end of which is connected to a neutral wire of the AC power source.

[0027] In another implementation, the at least one switch element includes a second switch element, one end of the second switch element is used to connect to a live wire of an AC power source, and the other end of the second switch element is grounded.

[0028] In still another implementation, the at least one switch element includes a third switch element, one end of the third switch element is used to connect to a neutral line of an AC power source, and the other end of the third switch element is grounded.

[0029] The rectifier circuit includes a live wire port, a neutral wire port, a positive output port and a negative output port. The live wire port is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source. The neutral wire port is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source. The rectifier circuit is used to convert AC power into DC power. The positive output port and the negative output port are used to output the DC power.

[0030] The power conversion circuit comprises a positive input port and a negative input port, wherein the positive input port is connected to the positive output port, and the negative input port is connected to the negative output port. The power conversion circuit is used for power conversion of direct current.

[0031] The fuse is used to disconnect a circuit between two ends of the fuse in response to a current flowing into the fuse being greater than or equal to a second threshold.

[0032] In one implementation, one end of the fuse is connected to the positive output port, and the other end is connected to the positive input port.

[0033] In another implementation, one end of the fuse is connected to the negative output port, and the other end is connected to the negative input port.

[0034] According to the power supply device provided by the present application, by setting the fuse between the positive port of the rectifier circuit and the positive port of the power conversion circuit (or, setting the fuse between the negative port of the rectifier circuit and the negative port of the power conversion circuit), when performing a lightning protection test or encountering a lightning strike, the surge current will turn on the switch element, so that the surge current will not flow into the fuse, and thus will not cause the fuse to melt; when the power supply device has a fault such as a short circuit, the short-circuit current can flow into the fuse and cut off the connection between the power supply device and the AC power supply. Furthermore, the faulty power supply device can be isolated under the premise of meeting the requirements of the lightning protection test.

[0035] Therefore, based on the solution provided by the present application, the second threshold value can be made smaller than the peak value of the current flowing through the switch element when the switch element is turned on. In other words, the second threshold value can be made smaller than the minimum current value required by the lightning protection test.

[0036] In one implementation, the power conversion circuit includes an inductor element and a diode, the inductor element is used for converting between electrical energy and magnetic field energy, the diode is connected in parallel with the inductor element, and the diode is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a third threshold.

[0037] That is, when lightning strikes or surges occur, although a lightning protection circuit is set up as described above, some electrical energy may still flow into the rectifier circuit and the power conversion circuit. At this time, by setting a diode, when this part of the electrical energy flows into the power conversion circuit, the diode is turned on, thereby not affecting the normal operation of the power conversion circuit.

[0038] In this case, by setting the second threshold value greater than the peak value of the current flowing through the diode when the diode is turned on, when the surge current flows into the rectifier circuit or the power conversion circuit, this part of the current will not cause the fuse to blow, thereby further reliably meeting the requirements of the lightning protection test.

[0039] In a third aspect, a power supply device is provided, which includes a lightning protection circuit, a rectifier circuit and a power conversion circuit.

[0040] The lightning protection circuit includes at least one switch element. Each switch element is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a first threshold.

[0041] In one implementation, the at least one switch element includes a first switch element, one end of which is used to connect to a live wire of an AC power source, and the other end of which is connected to a neutral wire of the AC power source.

[0042] In another implementation, the at least one switch element includes a second switch element, one end of the second switch element is used to connect to a live wire of an AC power source, and the other end of the second switch element is grounded.

[0043] In still another implementation, the at least one switch element includes a third switch element, one end of the third switch element is used to connect to a neutral line of an AC power source, and the other end of the third switch element is grounded.

[0044] The rectifier circuit includes a live wire port, a neutral wire port, a positive output port and a negative output port. The live wire port is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source. The neutral wire port is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source. The rectifier circuit is used to convert AC power into DC power. The positive output port and the negative output port are used to output the DC power.

[0045] The power conversion circuit comprises a positive input port and a negative input port, wherein the positive input port is connected to the positive output port, and the negative input port is connected to the negative output port. The power conversion circuit is used for power conversion of direct current.

[0046] The power conversion circuit includes an inductor element and a fuse, wherein the inductor element is used for converting between electric energy and magnetic field energy, and the fuse is connected in series with the inductor element. The fuse is used to disconnect the circuit between the two ends of the fuse in response to the current flowing into the fuse being greater than or equal to a second threshold value.

[0047] According to the power supply device provided by the present application, by connecting the fuse and the inductor in series, when performing a lightning protection test or encountering a lightning strike, the surge current will turn on the switch element, so that the surge current will not flow into the fuse, and then the fuse will not be blown; when the power supply device has a fault such as a short circuit, the short-circuit current can flow into the fuse and cut off the connection between the power supply device and the AC power supply. Therefore, the faulty power supply device can be isolated under the premise of meeting the requirements of the lightning protection test.

[0048] Therefore, based on the solution provided by the present application, the second threshold value can be made smaller than the peak value of the current flowing through the switch element when the switch element is turned on. In other words, the second threshold value can be made smaller than the minimum current value required by the lightning protection test.

[0049] In one implementation, the power conversion circuit includes an inductor element and a diode, the inductor element is used for converting between electrical energy and magnetic field energy, the diode is connected in parallel with the inductor element, and the diode is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a third threshold.

[0050] That is, when lightning strikes or surges occur, although a lightning protection circuit is set up as described above, some electrical energy may still flow into the rectifier circuit and the power conversion circuit. At this time, by setting a diode, when this part of the electrical energy flows into the power conversion circuit, the diode is turned on, thereby not affecting the normal operation of the power conversion circuit.

[0051] In a fourth aspect, a power supply system is provided. The power supply system includes a plurality of power supply devices, the power supply devices are used to convert alternating current into direct current, the output ends of at least two of the plurality of power supply devices are connected in parallel, and at least one of the parallel power supply devices is a power supply device described in any aspect of the first to third aspects and possible implementations thereof.

[0052] In addition, in order to avoid redundancy, the function and structure of the power supply device in the fourth aspect can refer to the description in the first to third aspects above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic architecture diagram of an example of a power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic architecture diagram of another example of a power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an example of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an example of a power conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of another example of a power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of another example of the power supply device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of another example of the power supply device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of another example of the power supply device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of another example of the power supply device provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The technical solution in this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] The power supply system of the embodiment of the present application is used to convert AC power provided by, for example, a power grid or an AC generator into DC power, so as to provide DC power for a DC load. The power supply system provided by the present application can be effectively applied to, for example, inverters, data centers, vehicle power supplies, secondary power supplies, base station power supplies, charging piles, etc.

[0064] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure of the power supply system 100 of the embodiment of the present application is shown as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the power system 100 includes a plurality of power devices 110 , a positive bus 120 and a negative bus 130 .

[0065] Each power supply device 110 includes a live line interface 112 , a neutral line interface 114 , a positive pole interface 116 , and a negative pole interface 118 .

[0066] The live wire interface 112 is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source. The neutral wire interface 114 is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source. Thus, the AC power from the power source can be input to the power supply device 110 from the live wire interface 112 and the neutral wire interface 114 .

[0067] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the AC power supply may include a three-phase AC power supply, that is, the AC power supply includes a three-phase live wire, in which case, each phase live wire may be connected to a live wire interface 112 of one or more power supply devices 110. In a possible implementation, the live wire interfaces of multiple power supply devices may be evenly distributed and connected to each phase live wire according to the number of power supply devices 110 in the power supply system 100. For example, if the number of power supply devices 110 in the power supply system 100 is 3X, X power supply devices 110 may be connected to each phase live wire. For another example, if the number of power supply devices 110 in the power supply system 100 is 3X+1, X power supply devices 110 may be connected to two phase live wires, and X+1 power supply devices 110 may be connected to the other phase live wire. For another example, if the number of power supply devices 110 in the power supply system 100 is 3X+2, X+1 power supply devices 110 may be connected to two phase live wires, and X power supply devices 110 may be connected to the other phase live wire.

[0068] It should be understood that the connection methods of the power supply devices 110 listed above are only exemplary, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The user can arbitrarily set the number of power supply devices 110 connected to each phase live wire according to actual conditions.

[0069] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the AC power supply may include a two-phase AC power supply, that is, the AC power supply includes a live wire. In this case, the live wire interface 112 of each power supply device 110 is connected to the same live wire.

[0070] It should be understood that Figure 1 and Figure 2 The listed connection methods between the power supply device 110 and the AC power supply are only exemplary. The user can arbitrarily adjust the connection method between each power supply device 110 and the AC power supply according to the number of phases of the live wire actually included in the AC power supply.

[0071] Furthermore, each power supply device 110 is used to convert the AC power input from the live interface 112 and the neutral interface 114 into DC power, and output the DC power from the positive interface 116 and the negative interface 118. Figure 3 to Figure 8 The structure of the power supply device 110 will be described in detail.

[0072] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the positive interfaces 116 of the multiple power supply devices 110 are connected to the positive bus 120 of the power supply system 100, and the negative interfaces 118 of the multiple power supply devices 110 are connected to the positive negative line 130 of the power supply system 100. Thus, the DC ends of the multiple power supply devices 110 are connected in parallel between the positive bus and the negative bus. The positive bus 120 and the negative bus 130 are also used to connect the DC load, so that the multiple power supply devices 110 connected in parallel with the positive bus 120 and the negative bus 130 are backed up by each other, that is, when a part of the power supply devices 110 fails, the other power supplies 110 that have not failed can still provide DC power to the DC load through the positive bus 120 and the negative bus 130.

[0073] It should be noted that Figure 1 and Figure 2 The listed connection method of the positive interface 116 and the negative interface 118 of the power supply device 110 is only an example, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. For example, the positive interface 116 and the negative interface 118 of a part of the power supply device 110 in the power supply system 100 can also be used to directly connect a DC load.

[0074] Furthermore, in order to prevent the failed power supply device 110 from affecting the output of the entire power supply system 100, the power supply device 110 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a structure that enables it to be quickly isolated when a failure occurs. Figures 3 to 8 The structure of the power supply device 110 will be described in detail.

[0075] Figure 3 1 shows a schematic structure of an example of a voltage device 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power supply device 110 includes a lightning protection circuit 1110, a rectifier circuit 1120, a power conversion circuit 1130 and a fuse 1140. Next, each circuit of the power supply device 110 will be described in detail.

[0076] 1. Lightning protection circuit 1110

[0077] The lightning protection circuit 1110 includes a first live line port 1111 , a first neutral line port 1113 , a switch element 1112 , a switch element 1114 , and a switch element 1116 .

[0078] The first FireWire port 1111 is used to connect to the FireWire of the AC power source. For example, the first FireWire port 1111 is connected to the FireWire interface 112 .

[0079] The first neutral line port 1113 is used to connect the neutral line of the AC power source. For example, the first neutral line port 1113 is connected to the neutral line interface 114 .

[0080] One end of the switch element 1112 is connected to the first live port 1111. In one implementation, the one end of the switch element 1112 itself can be used as the first live port 1111. The other end of the switch element 1112 is connected to the first neutral port 1113. In one implementation, the other end of the switch element 1112 itself can be used as the first neutral port 1113.

[0081] One end of the switch element 1114 is connected to the first live port 1111. In one implementation, one end of the switch element 1114 itself can be used as the first live port 1111. In addition, the other end of the switch element 1114 is grounded.

[0082] One end of the switch element 1116 is used to be connected to the first neutral line port 1113. In one implementation, one end of the switch element 1116 itself can be used as the first neutral line port 1113. In addition, the other end of the switch element 1116 is used to be grounded.

[0083] In normal operation, the switch element is disconnected; when a lightning surge comes, the switch element is turned on to discharge the surge current to the ground or return to the power grid, thereby protecting the electronic equipment from damage caused by the surge. That is, the switch element 1112, the switch element 1114, and the switch element 1116 can be turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than a certain threshold value (i.e., an example of the first threshold value), so that the lightning current (or surge current) with a voltage greater than the first threshold value input from one end can be output from the other end, thereby preventing the lightning current from entering the rectifier circuit and the power conversion circuit described later, thereby meeting the lightning test requirements.

[0084] As an example and not limitation, the switching element type may include a varistor or a ceramic gas discharge tube, etc.

[0085] A varistor is a sensitive element with nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics. Under normal voltage conditions, it is equivalent to a capacitor. When an overvoltage occurs in the circuit, its internal resistance drops sharply and quickly turns on, thereby effectively protecting other components in the circuit from damage due to overvoltage. For example, a varistor can be made using ceramic technology. The varistor can include zinc oxide grains and grain boundary layers around the grains. The resistivity of zinc oxide grains is very low, while the resistivity of the grain boundary layer is very high. A barrier equivalent to a Zener diode is formed between the two contacting grains, thereby forming a varistor unit. The breakdown voltage of each unit is about 3.5V. If many such units are connected in series and in parallel, the matrix of the varistor is formed. The more units are connected in series, the higher the breakdown voltage is. The larger the cross-sectional area of ​​the substrate, the greater the current capacity. When the varistor is working, each varistor unit is subjected to surge electrical energy.

[0086] The ceramic gas discharge tube is mainly composed of electrodes and insulating porcelain tubes. The effective electron activating compound emission surface of the electrode is coated with an activating compound (for example, electron powder). The distance between the electrodes can be less than 1mm to improve the emission capacity of the tube. In order to ensure that the gas discharge tube can quickly limit the surge voltage to a low potential, a conductive strip is made on the inner surface of the ceramic insulating tube to accelerate the ionization of the discharge area through the application of an electric field, so that the discharge tube has a fast response characteristic and recoverability. For example, a pair of cold electrodes separated from each other can be encapsulated in a glass or ceramic tube, and the tube is filled with an inert gas (for example, argon) at a certain pressure to form the above-mentioned ceramic gas discharge tube.

[0087] It should be understood that the specific implementation of the switching elements listed above is only an example, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For example, the switching elements may also include but are not limited to glass discharge tubes (high-efficiency discharge tubes) or semiconductor overvoltage protectors (semiconductor discharge tubes, solid discharge tubes), etc.

[0088] in addition, Figure 3The situation in which the lightning protection circuit 1110 includes the above-mentioned switch element 1112, the switch element 1114 and the switch element 1116 is shown, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. The lightning protection circuit 1110 can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs. For example, the lightning protection circuit 1110 can also include any one or any two of the above-mentioned switch element 1112, the switch element 1114 and the switch element 1116.

[0089] 2. Rectifier circuit 1120

[0090] The rectifier circuit 1120 includes a second live line port 1122 , a second neutral line port 1124 , a positive output port 1126 , and a negative output port 1128 .

[0091] The second FireWire port 1122 is used to connect to the FireWire of the AC power source. For example, the second FireWire port 1122 is connected to the FireWire interface 112 .

[0092] The second neutral line port 1124 is used to connect the neutral line of the AC power source. For example, the second neutral line port 1124 is connected to the neutral line interface 114 .

[0093] The rectifier circuit 1120 is used to convert the alternating current input from the second live wire port 1122 and the second neutral wire port 1124 into direct current, and output the direct current from the positive output port 1126 and the negative output port 1128 .

[0094] A "rectifying circuit" is a circuit that converts AC power into DC power. The rectifying circuit includes a rectifying main circuit and a filter. The rectifying main circuit includes silicon rectifying diodes and thyristors. The filter is used to filter out the AC component in the pulsating DC voltage.

[0095] The rectifier circuit may include a half-wave rectifier circuit and a full-wave rectifier circuit, etc. Among them, the voltage output by the half-wave rectifier circuit is only half a cycle, so the main component of this unidirectional pulsating direct current is still the frequency of the alternating current (for example, 50Hz), that is, the half-wave rectifier circuit removes half a cycle of the alternating current, and does not change the frequency of the alternating current component in the unidirectional pulsating direct current; the full-wave rectifier circuit uses the positive and negative half cycles of the input alternating current voltage to double the frequency of the alternating current (for example, 100Hz), because the rectifier circuit converts the polarity of one half cycle of the input alternating current voltage, so that the frequency of the output DC pulsating voltage is doubled compared to the input alternating current voltage, and this frequency increase is beneficial to the filtering of the filter circuit.

[0096] In a half-wave rectifier circuit, when the rectifier diode is turned off, the AC voltage peak is all added to both ends of the diode. The same is true for a full-wave rectifier circuit. When one diode is turned on, the other diode is turned off and bears the entire AC peak voltage. That is, the half-wave rectifier circuit cuts off one half cycle of the input AC voltage.

[0097] The half-wave rectifier circuit may include a power transformer, a rectifier diode and a load resistor. The transformer is used to convert the mains voltage (for example, 220 volts) into the required alternating voltage e2, and the rectifier diode is used to convert alternating current into pulsating direct current. The transformer secondary voltage is a sinusoidal voltage whose direction and magnitude change with time. In the time from 0 to π, the alternating voltage e2 is in the positive half cycle, that is, the upper end of the transformer is positive and the lower end is negative, the rectifier diode is subjected to the forward voltage surface conduction, and the alternating voltage e2 is applied to the load resistor through the rectifier diode. In the time from π to 2π, the alternating voltage e2 is in the negative half cycle, the lower end of the transformer secondary is positive and the upper end is negative, at this time the rectifier diode is subjected to the reverse voltage and is not conducted, and there is no voltage on the load resistor. In the time of 2π to 3π, the process of 0 to π is repeated, and in the time of 3π to 4π, the process of π to 2π is repeated again, thus "cutting off" the negative half cycle of the alternating current, and only the positive half cycle passes through the load resistor, and a single right-handed (positive on top and negative on bottom) voltage is obtained on the load resistor, achieving the purpose of rectification. However, the magnitude of the load voltage and load current also changes with time, so it is usually called pulsating DC.

[0098] The full-wave rectifier circuit can be regarded as a combination of two half-wave rectifier circuits. Unlike the half-wave rectifier circuit, the full-wave rectifier circuit converts the negative half cycle of the input AC voltage to the positive half cycle or converts the positive half cycle to the negative half cycle.

[0099] The structure and principle of the rectifier circuit listed above are only exemplary illustrations, and any circuit with a rectification (or, AC to DC conversion) function in the prior art can be used as the rectifier circuit of the embodiment of the present application.

[0100] 3. Power conversion circuit 1130

[0101] The power conversion circuit 1130 includes a positive input port 1132 , a negative input port 1134 , a positive interface 116 , and a negative interface 118 .

[0102] The positive input port 1132 is connected to the positive output port 1126 .

[0103] The negative electrode input port 1134 is connected to the negative electrode output port 1128 .

[0104] The power conversion circuit 1130 is used to perform power conversion (eg, voltage step-up or voltage step-down) on the DC power input from the positive input port 1132 and the negative input port 1134 , and output the DC power after power conversion from the positive interface 116 and the negative interface 118 .

[0105] Figure 4 The schematic structure of an example of a power conversion circuit 1130 is shown. Figure 4 As shown, the power conversion circuit 1130 includes an inductor 10 , a first diode 20 , a switch tube 30 , a second diode 40 and a capacitor 50 .

[0106] One end of the inductor 10 is connected to the positive input port 1132 , the other end of the inductor 10 is connected to one end of the first diode 20 , and the other end of the inductor 10 is connected to one end of the switch tube 30 .

[0107] The other end of the first diode 20 is connected to one end of the capacitor 50 , and the other end of the first diode 20 is connected to the positive electrode interface 116 .

[0108] The other end of the capacitor 50 is connected to the negative input port 1134 , and the other end of the capacitor 50 is connected to the negative interface 118 .

[0109] The other end of the switch tube 30 is connected to the negative input port 1134 , and the other end of the switch tube 30 is connected to the other end of the capacitor 50 .

[0110] The negative input port 1134 is connected to the negative interface 118 .

[0111] One end of the second switch tube 40 is connected to the positive input port 1132 , and the other end of the second switch tube 40 is connected to the positive interface 116 .

[0112] Next, the operating principle of the power conversion circuit 1130 is described.

[0113] When the switch tube 30 is turned off, the inductor 10 and the capacitor 50 are charged, and the inductor 10 stores energy.

[0114] When the switch tube 30 is turned on, the capacitor 50 maintains the voltage between the positive electrode interface 116 and the negative electrode interface 118 to continue to provide direct current to the outside. At this time, the first diode 20 isolates the left and right loops so that they do not interfere with each other.

[0115] When the switch tube 30 is turned off again, the current formed by the electric energy stored in the inductor 10 flows to the capacitor 50 and the positive electrode interface 116 through the first diode 20, thereby charging the capacitor 50 while supplying power to the outside. That is, the inductor 10 releases the electric energy stored therein, so that the voltage between the positive electrode interface 116 and the negative electrode interface 118 can be increased.

[0116] In addition, under normal working conditions, the direct current input from the positive input port 1132 and the negative input port 1134 will not turn on the second diode 40 .

[0117] When encountering lightning strikes or surges, the voltage of the direct current input from the positive input port 1132 and the negative input port 1134 increases, causing the second diode 40 to conduct, thereby avoiding damage to the components (for example, the switch tube 30) in the power conversion circuit 1130, thereby further ensuring that the power supply device 110 does not fail or be damaged when encountering lightning strikes or surges.

[0118] In addition, the switch tube 30 can be, for example, a triode, a field effect transistor (FET) or a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS), such as an N-channel MOS (NMOS).

[0119] 4. Fuse 1140

[0120] In the present application, a fuse is an electrical appliance that uses the heat generated by itself to melt the fuse and disconnect the circuit when the current exceeds a specified value. A fuse uses the heat generated by itself to melt the fuse after the current exceeds a specified value for a period of time, thereby disconnecting the circuit. Specifically, the fuse 1140 is disconnected when the current value of the current flowing into the fuse 1140 is greater than or equal to a certain threshold value (an example of a second threshold value), or in other words, the fuse 1140 is disconnected when the heat generated by the current flowing into the fuse (the size of the heat is related to the size of the current) is greater than or equal to a certain threshold value.

[0121] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, one end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the first live wire port 1111 of the lightning protection circuit (or one end of the switch element 1112 ), and one end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the second live wire port 1122 of the rectifier circuit 1120 .

[0122] Therefore, when a lightning strike or surge occurs, the surge current turns on the lightning strike circuit, so that the surge current does not flow into the rectifier circuit and the power conversion circuit. Alternatively, even if a small portion of the surge current flows into the rectifier circuit and the power conversion circuit, by providing the second diode 40, the small portion of the surge current will not damage the components in the power supply device 110.

[0123] And the surge current will not flow into the fuse 1140. In addition, it is not excluded that a small portion of the surge current flows into the fuse 1140. In this case, the maximum value of the small portion of the surge current (i.e., an example of the fourth threshold value) can be determined through experiments, etc., and the fuse value of the fuse 1140 can be set based on the maximum value of the small portion of the surge current, so that the fuse 140 does not melt when the small portion of the surge current flows in.

[0124] In addition, when the power supply device 110 fails (for example, short-circuited), the current flowing into the fuse 1140 increases. In this case, the value of the short-circuit current (i.e., an example of the second threshold value) can be determined by experiments, etc., and the fuse value of the fuse 1140 is set based on the second threshold value, so that the fuse 140 is blown when a short circuit occurs in the power supply device 100. Therefore, when the power supply device 110 fails, the failed power supply device 110 can be quickly isolated, thereby avoiding affecting other power supply devices 110 in the power supply system.

[0125] Furthermore, since one end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the first live wire port 1111 of the lightning protection circuit (or, one end of the switch element 1112), when a lightning strike occurs or a lightning protection test is performed, most of the surge current is discharged through the lightning protection circuit 11110 and will not flow into the fuse 1140. Therefore, even if the second threshold is smaller than the peak value of the surge current (or, the peak value of the current when the above-mentioned switch element 1112, switch element 1114 or switch element 1116 is turned on), the fuse 1140 will not be blown due to the surge current, and will not affect the power supply device 110 from passing the lightning protection test.

[0126] Figure 5 The schematic structure of another example of the voltage device 110 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 3 The structure of the voltage device 110 shown is different in that Figure 5 As shown, one end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the first neutral line port 1113 of the lightning protection circuit (or the other end of the switch element 1112 ), and the other end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the second neutral line port 1124 of the rectifier circuit 1120 .

[0127] Figure 6 1 shows a schematic structure of another example of a voltage device 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 3 The structure of the voltage device 110 shown is different in that Figure 6 As shown, one end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the positive output port 1126 of the rectifier circuit 1120 , and the other end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the positive input port 1132 of the power conversion circuit 1130 .

[0128] Figure 7 1 shows a schematic structure of another example of a voltage device 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 3 The structure of the voltage device 110 shown is different in that Figure 7 As shown, one end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the negative output port 1128 of the rectifier circuit 1120 , and the other end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the negative input port 1134 of the power conversion circuit 1130 .

[0129] Figure 8 1 shows a schematic structure of another example of a voltage device 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 3 The structure of the voltage device 110 shown is different in that Figure 8 As shown, one end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the positive input port 1132 of the power conversion circuit 1130 , and the other end of the fuse 1140 is connected to one end of the inductor 10 of the power conversion circuit 1130 , that is, the fuse 1140 is connected in series with the inductor 10 .

[0130] Fig. 9 1 shows a schematic structure of another example of a voltage device 110 provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 3 The structure of the voltage device 110 shown is different in that Fig. 9 As shown, one end of the fuse 1140 is connected to the other end of the inductor 10 of the power conversion circuit 1130, and the other end of the fuse 1140 is connected to one end of the switch tube 30 of the power conversion circuit 1130, that is, the fuse 1140 is connected in series with the inductor 10.

[0131] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0132] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply device, characterized in that: include: Lightning protection circuit, rectifier circuit and fuse, The lightning protection circuit includes at least one switch element, each of which is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a first threshold value. The lightning protection circuit further includes at least one of a first live wire port and a first neutral wire port, wherein the first live wire port is used to connect to a live wire of an AC power source, and the first neutral wire port is used to connect to a neutral wire of the AC power source. One end of a first switch element of the at least one switch element is connected to the first live wire port, and the other end is connected to the first neutral wire port, and / or One end of a second switch element in the at least one switch element is connected to the first live wire port, and the other end is grounded, and / or One end of a third switch element among the at least one switch element is connected to the first neutral line port, and the other end is grounded; The rectifier circuit comprises a second live wire port and a second neutral wire port, wherein the second live wire port is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source, and the second neutral wire port is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source, and the rectifier circuit is used to convert AC power into DC power; One end of the fuse is connected to the first live wire port, and the other end is connected to the second live wire port, or One end of the fuse is connected to the first neutral line port, and the other end is connected to the second neutral line port. The fuse is used for: In response to the current flowing into the fuse being greater than or equal to a second threshold, a circuit between both ends of the fuse is opened.

2. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second threshold is smaller than a peak value of a current flowing through the switching element when the switching element is turned on.

3. The power supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second threshold is smaller than the minimum current value required by the lightning protection test.

4. The power supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rectifier circuit further includes a positive output port and a negative output port, the power supply device further includes a power conversion circuit, the power conversion circuit includes a positive input port and a negative input port, the positive input port is connected to the positive output port, the negative input port is connected to the negative output port, the power conversion circuit is used to perform power conversion on direct current, The power conversion circuit includes an inductor element and a diode, wherein the inductor element is used for converting electric energy and magnetic field energy, the diode is connected in parallel with the inductor element, and the diode is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a third threshold value. The second threshold is greater than a peak value of a current flowing through the diode when the diode is turned on.

5. A power supply device, characterized in that: include: Lightning protection circuit, rectifier circuit, power conversion circuit and fuse, The lightning protection circuit includes at least one switch element, each of which is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a first threshold value. One end of the first switch element of the at least one switch element is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source, and the other end is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source, and / or One end of the second switch element in the at least one switch element is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source, and the other end is grounded, and / or One end of the third switch element in the at least one switch element is used to connect the neutral line of the AC power supply, and the other end is grounded; The rectifier circuit includes a live wire port, a neutral wire port, a positive output port and a negative output port, the live wire port is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source, the neutral wire port is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source, the rectifier circuit is used to convert AC power into DC power, and the positive output port and the negative output port are used to output the DC power; The power conversion circuit comprises a positive input port and a negative input port, the positive input port is connected to the positive output port, the negative input port is connected to the negative output port, and the power conversion circuit is used to perform power conversion on direct current; One end of the fuse is connected to the positive output port, and the other end is connected to the positive input port, or One end of the fuse is connected to the negative output port, and the other end is connected to the negative input port. The fuse is used for: In response to the current flowing into the fuse being greater than or equal to a second threshold, a circuit between both ends of the fuse is opened.

6. The power supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second threshold is smaller than a peak value of a current flowing through the switching element when the switching element is turned on.

7. The power supply device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The second threshold is smaller than the minimum current value required by the lightning protection test.

8. The power supply device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The power conversion circuit includes an inductor element and a diode, wherein the inductor element is used for converting electric energy and magnetic field energy, the diode is connected in parallel with the inductor element, and the diode is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a third threshold value. The second threshold is greater than a peak value of a current flowing through the diode when the diode is turned on.

9. A power supply device, characterized in that: include: Lightning protection circuit, rectifier circuit and power conversion circuit, The lightning protection circuit includes at least one switch element, each of which is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a first threshold value. One end of the first switch element of the at least one switch element is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source, and the other end is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source, and / or One end of the second switch element in the at least one switch element is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source, and the other end is grounded, and / or One end of the third switch element in the at least one switch element is used to connect the neutral line of the AC power supply, and the other end is grounded; The rectifier circuit includes a live wire port, a neutral wire port, a positive output port and a negative output port, the live wire port is used to connect the live wire of the AC power source, the neutral wire port is used to connect the neutral wire of the AC power source, the rectifier circuit is used to convert AC power into DC power, and the positive output port and the negative output port are used to output the DC power; The power conversion circuit includes a positive input port and a negative input port, the positive input port is connected to the positive output port, the negative input port is connected to the negative output port, the power conversion circuit is used to perform power conversion on direct current, the power conversion circuit includes an inductor element and a fuse, the inductor element is used to convert between electric energy and magnetic field energy, the fuse is connected in series with the inductor element, The fuse is used for: In response to the current flowing into the fuse being greater than or equal to a second threshold, a circuit between both ends of the fuse is opened.

10. The power supply device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second threshold is smaller than a peak value of a current flowing through the switching element when the switching element is turned on.

11. The power supply device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The second threshold is smaller than the minimum current value required by the lightning protection test.

12. The power supply device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The power conversion circuit includes an inductor and a diode. The inductor is used for converting electrical energy and magnetic field energy. The diode is connected in parallel with the inductor. The diode is turned on when the voltage difference between the two ends is greater than or equal to a third threshold.

13. A power supply system, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of power supply devices, each of which is used to convert alternating current into direct current, the output ends of at least two of the plurality of power supply devices are connected in parallel, and at least one of the parallel power supply devices is a power supply device as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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