Charging and discharging circuit and electricity conversion instrument
By designing a charge and discharge circuit, using the switching of the discharge switch submodule and the adjustment of the voltage feedback module, the problem that the pulse signal of the electric rotary meter cannot be continuously output for a long time is solved, and a more efficient cell transfection operation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421229651.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing electric converters cannot continuously output pulse signals for a long time, affecting the transfer efficiency of substances inside and outside the cells.
A charging and discharging circuit is designed, including a capacitor module, a charging module and a discharge module. The target pulse signal is continuously output through the opening and closing switching of the discharge switch submodule, and the duty cycle of the pulse signal is adjusted through the voltage feedback module.
The long-term continuous output of the electro-rotational instrument pulse signal is achieved, and the universality and efficiency of cell transfection operations are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222515250U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomedical equipment, and in particular to a charging and discharging circuit and an electrotransmitter. Background Art
[0002] An electrotransfer machine is a device used for electrotransfection and is widely used in a variety of cell transfection experiments. One of the functions of an electrotransfer machine is to generate electrical pulses, such as applying electrical pulses that instantly permeabilize the cell membrane to help deliver drugs or genes into cells. The common working process of an electrotransfer machine is to first charge the capacitor through the charging circuit in the electrotransfer machine, and then discharge the capacitor after charging is completed. During the discharge of the capacitor, an electrical pulse is generated to electrotransfect the cells. The duration of the pulse is an important parameter in electrotransfection technology, which can affect the transfer efficiency of substances inside and outside the cell, and the current electrotransfer machine cannot continuously output pulses for a long time.
[0003] Therefore, how to extend the duration of the pulse signal of the electroporator has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content
[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a charging and discharging circuit and an electrotransmitter, aiming to extend the duration of the pulse signal of the electrotransmitter.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes a charge-discharge circuit, comprising: a capacitor module, a charging module and a discharging module; wherein the discharging module comprises a discharging switch submodule and a discharging output submodule;
[0006] The charging module is electrically connected to the capacitor module, and the charging module is used to obtain an input pulse signal and an input voltage. The capacitor module is charged based on the input pulse signal and the input voltage, and after charging to a target capacitor voltage, the discharge switch submodule is changed from an open state to a closed state;
[0007] The discharge module is electrically connected to the capacitor module, and is used for enabling the capacitor module to discharge using the discharge output submodule to obtain a target pulse signal when the discharge switch submodule is in the closed state.
[0008] In some embodiments, the discharge switch submodule includes a first driver chip, a second driver chip, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit, and a fourth switch unit, and the discharge output submodule includes a first discharge port and a second discharge port;
[0009] The first switch unit is electrically connected to the capacitor module, the first driver chip and the first discharge port, the second switch unit is electrically connected to the first driver chip and the second discharge port, the third switch unit is electrically connected to the capacitor module, the second driver chip and the second discharge port, and the fourth switch unit is electrically connected to the second driver chip and the first discharge port;
[0010] When the discharge switch submodule is in the disconnected state, the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are disconnected;
[0011] When the discharge switch submodule is in the closed state, the first driving chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be closed, or the second driving chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be closed.
[0012] In some embodiments, the discharge switch submodule controls the voltage polarity of the first discharge port and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port to control the type of the target pulse signal;
[0013] If the first driver chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be closed, and the second driver chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be open, the voltage polarity of the first discharge port is positive, and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port is negative;
[0014] If the first driving chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be disconnected, and the second driving chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be closed, the voltage polarity of the first discharge port is negative, and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port is positive.
[0015] In some embodiments, the charge and discharge circuit further includes a voltage feedback module;
[0016] The voltage feedback module is electrically connected to the capacitor module, and the voltage feedback module is used to detect the voltage of the capacitor module to obtain a feedback capacitor voltage;
[0017] Wherein, the input pulse signal is provided by a signal generating device; if the feedback capacitor voltage is greater than the target capacitor voltage, the signal generating device reduces the duty cycle of the input pulse signal to maintain the capacitor module at the target capacitor voltage.
[0018] In some embodiments, the charging and discharging circuit further includes a discharge module;
[0019] The discharge module is electrically connected to the capacitor module, and is used for discharging electricity after the capacitor module completes the discharge process using the discharge output submodule, so as to release the remaining electricity of the capacitor module.
[0020] In some embodiments, the charging module includes a charging switch submodule;
[0021] Wherein, when the charging switch submodule is in a closed state, the capacitor module is charged to a target capacitor voltage based on the input pulse signal and the input voltage;
[0022] Before the power discharge module discharges power, the charging switch submodule is switched to the disconnected state, and the discharging switch submodule is switched to the disconnected state.
[0023] In some embodiments, the power leakage module includes a power leakage switch submodule;
[0024] When the charging switch submodule is in an open state, the discharging switch submodule is in an open state, and the leakage switch submodule is in a closed state, the capacitor module discharges electricity to release the residual electricity of the capacitor module.
[0025] In some embodiments, the capacitor module includes a first electrolytic capacitor and a second electrolytic capacitor;
[0026] The positive electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor is electrically connected to the charging module, the discharging module and the positive electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor, and the negative electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor is grounded; the positive electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor is electrically connected to the charging module and the discharging module, and the negative electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor is grounded.
[0027] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an electroporator, comprising:
[0028] The charging and discharging circuit described in the first aspect above;
[0029] A battery, the battery is electrically connected to the charging and discharging circuit, and the battery is used to provide an input voltage;
[0030] A signal generating device, the signal generating device is electrically connected to the charging and discharging circuit, and the signal generating device is used to provide an input pulse signal;
[0031] The electrotransfection cup is electrically connected to the charge-discharge circuit, and the electrotransfection cup obtains the target pulse signal output by the charge-discharge circuit and performs an electrotransfection operation based on the target pulse signal.
[0032] In some embodiments, the charge and discharge circuit includes a voltage feedback module, and the signal generating device includes:
[0033] A pulse signal source, used for providing the input pulse signal;
[0034] An analog-to-digital converter, used to obtain the feedback voltage signal detected by the voltage feedback module and digitize it to obtain a feedback capacitor voltage;
[0035] If the feedback capacitor voltage is greater than the target capacitor voltage, the pulse signal source reduces the duty cycle of the pulse signal to maintain the capacitor module at the target capacitor voltage.
[0036] The charge-discharge circuit and electrotransfer instrument proposed in the present application obtain input pulse signals and input voltages through a charging module, and at this time, the capacitor module is charged based on the input pulse signals and input voltages so that the voltage of the capacitor module reaches the target capacitor voltage. After the capacitor module reaches the target capacitor voltage, the discharge switch submodule is turned to a closed state, and then the capacitor module is discharged, and the target pulse signal is output through the discharge output submodule. The target pulse signal is continuously output by switching the opening and closing of the discharge switch submodule, and the duty cycle of the target pulse signal can be adjusted and manipulated. The present application can continuously output the target pulse signal, so that the electrotransfer instrument is suitable for a variety of cell transfection operations, thereby improving the universality of the electrotransfer instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] Figure 1 It is a module block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0038] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A module block diagram of the discharge switch submodule and the discharge output submodule in FIG.
[0039] Figure 3 is a module block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application;
[0040] Figure 4 is a module block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application;
[0041] Figure 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of an application example provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0042] Figure 6 This is a module block diagram of the electroporator provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0044] It should be noted that, although the functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.
[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.
[0046] First, some nouns involved in this application are analyzed:
[0047] Transfection: refers to the introduction of target genes into cells through biochemical or physical methods.
[0048] Electrotransfection: The use of electric pulses to apply a strong electric field can instantly increase the permeability of the cell membrane through the high-intensity electric field, thereby introducing macromolecules that cannot penetrate the cell membrane into the cell. The effect of electrotransfection depends on various parameters of the electric field, such as pulse type, pulse voltage, pulse duration, number of pulses, and other experimental conditions.
[0049] PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is an analog circuit control method that controls the on and off of the switching devices in the inverter circuit so that the output end obtains a series of pulses with equal amplitude but inconsistent width, and uses these pulses to replace the sine wave or the required waveform.
[0050] The charging and discharging circuit and the electrotransmitter provided in the embodiments of the present application are specifically described through the following embodiments. First, the charging and discharging circuit in the embodiments of the present application is described.
[0051] Figure 1 1 is a block diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. The charging and discharging circuit includes: a capacitor module 100, a charging module 200 and a discharging module 300. The discharging module 300 includes a discharging switch submodule 310 and a discharging output submodule 320.
[0052] The charging module 200 is electrically connected to the capacitor module 100. The charging module 200 is used to obtain an input pulse signal and an input voltage, and the capacitor module 100 is charged based on the input pulse signal and the input voltage, and after charging to the target capacitor voltage, the discharge switch submodule 310 is changed from an open state to a closed state.
[0053] The discharge module 300 is electrically connected to the capacitor module 100. The discharge module 300 is used for discharging the capacitor module 100 using the discharge output submodule 320 to obtain a target pulse signal when the discharge switch submodule 310 is in a closed state.
[0054] Specifically, the input voltage may be a 12V DC voltage provided by a battery, such as a lithium battery.
[0055] Specifically, if the target pulse signal is a sinusoidal signal, the average voltage of the target pulse signal may range from 20 V to 220 V, for example, the voltage is 200 V. It should be noted that the average voltage refers to the average value of the AC voltage waveform corresponding to the target pulse signal.
[0056] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to, the charge and discharge circuit and the electrotransformer proposed in the present application, the input pulse signal and the input voltage are obtained by the charging module 200, and the capacitor module 100 is charged based on the input pulse signal and the input voltage, so that the voltage of the capacitor module 100 reaches the target capacitor voltage. After the capacitor module 100 reaches the target capacitor voltage, the discharge switch submodule 310 is turned to a closed state, and then the capacitor module 100 is discharged, and the target pulse signal is output through the discharge output submodule 320. The target pulse signal is continuously output by switching the opening and closing of the discharge switch submodule 310, and the duty cycle of the target pulse signal can be adjusted and manipulated. The present application can continuously output the target pulse signal, so that the electrotransformer is suitable for a variety of cell transfection operations, and improves the universality of the electrotransformer.
[0057] In some embodiments, the frequency of the input pulse signal is relatively high, and the input pulse signal may be a PMW (pulse width modulation) signal. For example, a common electric converter uses a 100KHZ (kilohertz) PWM signal for charging, but the embodiment of the present application uses a 2MHz (megahertz) input pulse signal to charge the capacitor module 100. The embodiment of the present application boosts the input voltage by an input pulse signal with a relatively high frequency, and the capacitor module 100 is quickly charged to the target capacitor voltage based on the boosted voltage, thereby increasing the charging speed.
[0058] In some embodiments, the capacitance of the capacitor module 100 is relatively small. For example, in a common electrotransmitter, the capacitance is 101F, but the capacitance of the capacitor module 100 in the embodiment of the present application is 11F, that is, the capacitance of the capacitor module 100 is one-tenth of that. By reducing the capacitance of the capacitor module 100, the charging time required for the electrotransmitter is shortened.
[0059] It should be noted that it takes about 20 seconds for a common electroconverter to charge a capacitor, and the capacitor discharge time after charging is generally 1 ms to 10 ms. The charging time of this embodiment can be shortened to about 1 s.
[0060] In some embodiments, the target capacitor voltage may be the rated voltage value of the capacitor in the capacitor module 100, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. When the capacitor module 100 is charged to the target capacitor voltage, the switch of the discharge module 300 is turned to a closed state to discharge the capacitor module 100. The switch in the discharge switch submodule 310 is switched between a closed state and an open state so that the capacitor module 100 can be quickly switched between a charging state and a discharging state, thereby continuously outputting a pulse signal so that the electric converter can continuously generate electric pulses.
[0061] The advantage of this embodiment is that an input pulse signal and an input voltage with a higher frequency are obtained through the charging module 200, and then the input pulse signal is used to boost the input voltage, so that the capacitor module 100 with a lower capacitance is quickly charged based on the boosted voltage so that the voltage of the capacitor module 100 quickly reaches the target capacitor voltage, thereby improving the charging speed of the electrotransformer and shortening the charging time of the electrotransformer. After the discharge switch submodule 310 is turned to a closed state, the capacitor module 100 is discharged, and the target pulse signal is output through the discharge output submodule 320. The target pulse signal is continuously output by switching the on and off state of the discharge switch submodule 310, and the duty cycle of the target pulse signal can be adjusted and manipulated. The present application can continuously output the target pulse signal, so that the electrotransformer is suitable for a variety of cell transfection operations, and improves the universality of the electrotransformer.
[0062] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the discharge switch submodule 310 includes a first driver chip, a second driver chip, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit, and a fourth switch unit. The discharge output submodule 320 includes a first discharge port and a second discharge port.
[0063] The first switch unit is electrically connected to the capacitor module 100, the first driver chip and the first discharge port, the second switch unit is electrically connected to the first driver chip and the second discharge port, the third switch unit is electrically connected to the capacitor module 100, the second driver chip and the second discharge port, and the fourth switch unit is electrically connected to the second driver chip and the first discharge port.
[0064] When the discharge switch submodule 310 is in the off state, the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are turned off.
[0065] When the discharge switch submodule 310 is in a closed state, the first driver chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be closed, or the second driver chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be closed.
[0066] It should be noted that the first driver chip is used to control the closing or opening of the first switch unit and the second switch unit, and the second driver chip is used to control the closing or opening of the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit. Specifically, the model of the first driver chip and the second driver chip can be IR2181S.
[0067] It should be noted that the first discharge port is electrically connected to the first electrode of the electrotransfection cup, and the second discharge port is electrically connected to the second electrode of the electrotransfection cup. Specifically, the first electrode can be the positive electrode of the electrotransfection cup, and the second electrode can be the negative electrode of the electrotransfection cup. The electrotransfection cup contains a liquid used in an electrotransfection experiment, such as a solution used in a cell transfection experiment.
[0068] The advantage of this embodiment is that the first switch unit and the second switch unit are controlled to be disconnected by the first driver chip, and the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are controlled to be disconnected by the second driver chip, so that the discharge switch submodule 310 is in an open state, and the capacitor module 100 is quickly charged by the charging module 200 so that the voltage of the capacitor module 100 reaches the target capacitor voltage. The discharge switch submodule 310 is switched to a closed state to discharge the capacitor module 100, and the target pulse signal is output from the discharge output submodule 320.
[0069] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the discharge switch submodule 310 controls the voltage polarity of the first discharge port and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port to control the type of the target pulse signal.
[0070] If the first driver chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be closed, and the second driver chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be open, the voltage polarity of the first discharge port is positive, and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port is negative.
[0071] If the first driver chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be disconnected, and the second driver chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be closed, the voltage polarity of the first discharge port is negative, and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port is positive.
[0072] Specifically, the first driver chip obtains the first control signal and the second control signal sent by the signal generating device (not shown in the figure), controls the first switch unit according to the first control signal, and controls the second switch unit according to the second control signal. The second driver chip obtains the third control signal and the fourth control signal sent by the signal generating device, controls the third switch unit according to the third control signal, and controls the fourth switch unit according to the fourth control signal.
[0073] Specifically, the discharge control signal (including the first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal and the fourth control signal) can be a square wave signal. The signal generating device can be a single chip microcomputer, a square wave generator or other chip capable of generating a square wave.
[0074] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the pulse type of the target pulse signal is adjusted by controlling the switching process of the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit, and the fourth switch unit.
[0075] For example, when the first switch unit and the second switch unit are in a closed state, and the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are in an open state, the voltage polarity of the first discharge port is positive, and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port is negative. At this time, the discharge output submodule 320 outputs direct current, that is, the target pulse signal output by the discharge output submodule 320 does not jump. After that, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are closed, and the first switch unit and the second switch unit are disconnected, then the voltage polarity of the first discharge port becomes negative, and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port becomes positive, and the positive and negative polarities of the current output by the discharge output submodule 320 are reversed, that is, the target pulse signal jumps.
[0076] The advantage of this embodiment is that the first switch unit and the second switch unit are controlled by the first driver chip, and the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are controlled by the second driver chip. During the discharge process, when the first switch unit and the second switch unit are in a closed state and the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are in an open state, a current polarity state in which the polarity of the first discharge port is positive and the polarity of the second discharge port is negative is obtained. When the first switch unit and the second switch unit are in an open state and the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are in a closed state, another current polarity state in which the polarity of the first discharge port is negative and the polarity of the second discharge port is positive is obtained. By controlling the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to adjust the switching cycle between the two current polarity states, it is possible to adjust the discharge output submodule 320 to output direct current or alternating current, and control the width and frequency of the target pulse signal.
[0077] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the charge and discharge circuit further includes a voltage feedback module 400. The voltage feedback module 400 is electrically connected to the capacitor module 100, and the voltage feedback module 400 is used to detect the voltage of the capacitor module 100 to obtain a feedback capacitor voltage. The input pulse signal is provided by a signal generating device. If the feedback capacitor voltage is greater than the target capacitor voltage, the signal generating device reduces the duty cycle of the input pulse signal so that the capacitor module 100 is maintained at the target capacitor voltage.
[0078] Specifically, the signal generating device includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The voltage feedback module 400 is electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and the analog-to-digital converter converts the feedback capacitor voltage into a digital signal.
[0079] The advantage of this embodiment is that the voltage of the capacitor module 100 is detected by the voltage feedback module 400 to obtain the feedback capacitor voltage. If the feedback capacitor voltage is greater than the target capacitor voltage, the signal generating device reduces the duty cycle of the input pulse signal according to the feedback capacitor voltage, so that the capacitor module 100 is maintained at the target capacitor voltage, thereby improving the stability of the circuit.
[0080] See also Figure 4 In some embodiments, the charge and discharge circuit further includes a discharge module 500. The discharge module 500 is electrically connected to the capacitor module 100, and is used to discharge electricity after the capacitor module 100 uses the discharge output submodule 320 to discharge the remaining electricity of the capacitor module 100.
[0081] The advantage of this embodiment is that, through the discharge module 500, the electricity is discharged after the discharge process is completed to release the residual electricity of the capacitor module 100, thereby improving the safety of the electrocirculator.
[0082] In some embodiments, the charging module 200 includes a charging switch submodule. When the charging switch submodule is in a closed state, the capacitor module 100 is charged to a target capacitor voltage based on the input pulse signal and the input voltage. Before the discharge module 500 discharges electricity, the charging switch submodule is turned off, and the discharge switch submodule 310 is turned off.
[0083] The advantage of this embodiment is that the input pulse signal and the input voltage are obtained through the charging module 200, and the input voltage is boosted by the input pulse signal with a higher frequency, so that when the charging switch submodule is in a closed state and the discharging switch submodule 310 is in an open state, the capacitor module 100 with a lower capacitance is quickly charged based on the boosted voltage so that the voltage of the capacitor module 100 reaches the target capacitor voltage, thereby improving the charging speed of the electric converter and shortening the charging time of the electric converter.
[0084] In some embodiments, the discharge module 500 includes a discharge switch submodule, wherein when the charging switch submodule is in an open state, the discharging switch submodule 310 is in an open state, and the discharge switch submodule is in a closed state, the capacitor module 100 discharges electricity to release the remaining power of the capacitor module 100 .
[0085] The advantage of this embodiment is that the charging switch submodule and the discharging switch submodule 310 are disconnected, and the discharge switch submodule is closed, so that the capacitor module 100 discharges electricity and releases the residual power of the capacitor module 100, thereby clearing static electricity and preventing static electricity from interfering with or even damaging the circuit.
[0086] In some embodiments, the capacitor module 100 includes a first electrolytic capacitor and a second electrolytic capacitor. The positive electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor is electrically connected to the charging module 200, the discharging module 300, and the positive electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor, and the negative electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor is grounded. The positive electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor is electrically connected to the charging module 200 and the discharging module 300, and the negative electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor is grounded.
[0087] The advantage of this embodiment is that the capacitor module 100 includes a first electrolytic capacitor and a second electrolytic capacitor, and the overall capacitance of the capacitor module 100 is relatively small. By reducing the capacitance of the capacitor module 100, the charging time required for the electroconverter is shortened, and the electroconverter can be fully charged quickly and quickly switched between the charging state and the discharging state, so that the electroconverter can continuously generate electrical pulses.
[0088] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 In an application example, the circuit and specific circuit connection relationship of the charging and discharging circuit are as follows: Figure 5 shown.
[0089] The capacitor module 100 includes a first electrolytic capacitor C6B and a second electrolytic capacitor C7B.
[0090] The charging module 200 includes a power input terminal CELL, a signal input terminal PWMP, a first MOS tube Q1, a first inductor L1, a first diode D1 and a first resistor R1. The power input terminal CELL is electrically connected to a battery, which may be a lithium battery with a voltage of 12V.
[0091] The discharge module 300 includes a first control terminal CTRL1, a second control terminal CTRL2, a third control terminal CTRL3, a fourth control terminal CTRL4, a voltage-stabilized power supply terminal VCC, a first driver chip U1, a second driver chip U2, a third MOS transistor Q3, a fourth MOS transistor Q4, a fifth MOS transistor Q5, a sixth MOS transistor Q6, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5, a sixth diode D6, a seventh diode D7, an eighth diode D8, a ninth diode D9, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17, and an eighteenth resistor R18.
[0092] The voltage feedback module 400 includes an analog-to-digital conversion terminal ADCP, a first capacitor C1, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5.
[0093] The discharge module 500 includes a discharge terminal DI SCHARGE, a second MOS transistor Q2, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3.
[0094] It should be noted that the voltage-stabilized power supply terminal VCC is used to supply power to the first driver chip U1 and the second driver chip U2, and can provide an AC voltage of 12V.
[0095] It should be noted that HV is a circuit connection symbol used to indicate Figure 5 There is a wire connected between the two HV markings in .
[0096] It should be noted that in the discharge module 300, the discharge output submodule 320 is specifically the discharge output terminal CN1, the first discharge port is the interface No. 1 of the discharge output terminal CN1, and the second discharge port is the interface No. 2 of the discharge output terminal CN1. The discharge switch submodule 310 includes circuit elements in the discharge module 300 except the discharge output terminal CN1.
[0097] Specifically, the first control terminal CTRL1, the second control terminal CTRL2, the third control terminal CTRL3 and the fourth control terminal CTRL4 are all connected to a signal generating device (not shown in the figure). The first driver chip U1 has a HIN (logic high-end input) pin, a LI N (logic low-end input) pin, a HO (high-end output) pin, and a LO (low-end output) pin. The pins of the second driver chip and the first driver chip are the same. Taking the first driver chip U1 as an example, the HIN pin is electrically connected to the first control terminal to obtain the first control signal; the HO pin is electrically connected to the first switch unit to control the first switch unit based on the first control signal; the LI N pin is electrically connected to the second control terminal to obtain the second control signal; the LO pin is electrically connected to the second switch unit to control the second switch unit based on the second control signal. Taking the second driver chip U2 as an example, the HIN pin is electrically connected to the third control terminal to obtain the third control signal; the HO pin is electrically connected to the third switch unit to control the third switch unit based on the third control signal; the LI N pin is electrically connected to the fourth control terminal to obtain the fourth control signal; the LO pin is electrically connected to the fourth switch unit to control the fourth switch unit based on the fourth control signal.
[0098] It should be noted that the charging switch submodule refers to the first MOS tube Q1.
[0099] It should be noted that the leakage switch submodule refers to the second MOS tube Q2.
[0100] It should be noted that the first switch unit refers to the third MOS tube Q3, the second switch unit refers to the fourth MOS tube Q4, the third switch unit refers to the fifth MOS tube Q5, and the fourth switch unit refers to the sixth MOS tube Q6.
[0101] See also Figure 6 The present application also provides an electroporator, which includes:
[0102] The above-mentioned charging and discharging circuit;
[0103] A battery, the battery is electrically connected to the charging and discharging circuit, and the battery is used to provide an input voltage;
[0104] A signal generating device, the signal generating device is electrically connected to the charging and discharging circuit, and the signal generating device is used to provide an input pulse signal;
[0105] The electrotransfection cup is electrically connected to the charge-discharge circuit, and the electrotransfection cup obtains the target pulse signal output by the charge-discharge circuit and performs the electrotransfection operation based on the target pulse signal.
[0106] In some embodiments, the charge and discharge circuit includes a voltage feedback module 400, and the signal generating device includes:
[0107] A pulse signal source, used for providing an input pulse signal;
[0108] An analog-to-digital converter, used to obtain the feedback voltage signal detected by the voltage feedback module 400 and digitize it to obtain a feedback capacitor voltage;
[0109] If the feedback capacitor voltage is greater than the target capacitor voltage, the pulse signal source reduces the duty cycle of the pulse signal to maintain the capacitor module 100 at the target capacitor voltage.
[0110] The specific implementation of the electrotransformer is substantially the same as the specific implementation of the above-mentioned charge and discharge circuit, and will not be described in detail here.
[0111] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
[0112] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.
[0113] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
[0114] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof.
[0115] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0116] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
[0117] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. The mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
[0118] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
[0119] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the rights of the present invention.
Claims
1. A charging and discharging circuit, characterized in that: include: A capacitor module, a charging module and a discharging module; wherein the discharging module includes a discharging switch submodule and a discharging output submodule; The charging module is electrically connected to the capacitor module, and the charging module is used to obtain an input pulse signal and an input voltage. The capacitor module is charged based on the input pulse signal and the input voltage, and after charging to a target capacitor voltage, the discharge switch submodule is changed from an open state to a closed state; The discharge module is electrically connected to the capacitor module, and is used for enabling the capacitor module to discharge using the discharge output submodule to obtain a target pulse signal when the discharge switch submodule is in the closed state.
2. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge switch submodule includes a first driving chip, a second driving chip, a first switch unit, a second switch unit, a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit, and the discharge output submodule includes a first discharge port and a second discharge port; The first switch unit is electrically connected to the capacitor module, the first driver chip and the first discharge port, the second switch unit is electrically connected to the first driver chip and the second discharge port, the third switch unit is electrically connected to the capacitor module, the second driver chip and the second discharge port, and the fourth switch unit is electrically connected to the second driver chip and the first discharge port; When the discharge switch submodule is in the disconnected state, the first switch unit, the second switch unit, the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are disconnected; When the discharge switch submodule is in the closed state, the first driving chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be closed, or the second driving chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be closed.
3. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge switch submodule controls the voltage polarity of the first discharge port and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port to control the type of the target pulse signal; If the first driver chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be closed, and the second driver chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be open, the voltage polarity of the first discharge port is positive, and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port is negative; If the first driving chip controls the first switch unit and the second switch unit to be disconnected, and the second driving chip controls the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit to be closed, the voltage polarity of the first discharge port is negative, and the voltage polarity of the second discharge port is positive.
4. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging circuit also includes a voltage feedback module; The voltage feedback module is electrically connected to the capacitor module, and the voltage feedback module is used to detect the voltage of the capacitor module to obtain a feedback capacitor voltage; Wherein, the input pulse signal is provided by a signal generating device; if the feedback capacitor voltage is greater than the target capacitor voltage, the signal generating device reduces the duty cycle of the input pulse signal to maintain the capacitor module at the target capacitor voltage.
5. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging and discharging circuit also includes a discharge module; The discharge module is electrically connected to the capacitor module, and is used for discharging electricity after the capacitor module completes the discharge process using the discharge output submodule, so as to release the remaining electricity of the capacitor module.
6. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charging module includes a charging switch submodule; Wherein, when the charging switch submodule is in a closed state, the capacitor module is charged to a target capacitor voltage based on the input pulse signal and the input voltage; Before the power discharge module discharges power, the charging switch submodule is switched to the disconnected state, and the discharging switch submodule is switched to the disconnected state.
7. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power leakage module includes a power leakage switch submodule; Wherein, when the charging switch submodule is in an open state, the discharging switch submodule is in an open state, and the leakage switch submodule is in a closed state, the capacitor module discharges electricity to release the residual electricity of the capacitor module.
8. The charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacitor module includes a first electrolytic capacitor and a second electrolytic capacitor; The positive electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor is electrically connected to the charging module, the discharging module and the positive electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor, and the negative electrode of the first electrolytic capacitor is grounded; the positive electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor is electrically connected to the charging module and the discharging module, and the negative electrode of the second electrolytic capacitor is grounded.
9. An electroporator, characterized in that: include: The charging and discharging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8; A battery, the battery is electrically connected to the charging and discharging circuit, and the battery is used to provide an input voltage; A signal generating device, the signal generating device is electrically connected to the charge and discharge circuit, and the signal generating device is used to provide an input pulse signal; The electrotransfection cup is electrically connected to the charge-discharge circuit, and the electrotransfection cup obtains the target pulse signal output by the charge-discharge circuit and performs an electrotransfection operation based on the target pulse signal.
10. The electroporator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The charging and discharging circuit includes a voltage feedback module, and the signal generating device includes: A pulse signal source, used for providing the input pulse signal; An analog-to-digital converter, used to obtain the feedback voltage signal detected by the voltage feedback module and digitize it to obtain a feedback capacitor voltage; If the feedback capacitor voltage is greater than the target capacitor voltage, the pulse signal source reduces the duty cycle of the pulse signal to maintain the capacitor module at the target capacitor voltage.