Photovoltaic water heating system
By introducing switching switches and voltage delay circuits into the photovoltaic water hot water system, the problem of instability in hot water and voltage in rainy days is solved, and the effect of still providing hot water and protecting system components in rainy days is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420416758.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-05
AI Technical Summary
The existing photovoltaic water heater system cannot effectively provide hot water on rainy days, and the voltage of photovoltaic power generation is unstable, which can easily lead to damage to circuit components.
A photovoltaic water heater system is designed, including photovoltaic components, voltage delay circuit, inverter circuit, first switching switch and water heater. The first switching switch switch switches the power supply from photovoltaic alternating current to mains power, ensuring that hot water can still be provided in rainy days; at the same time, the voltage delay circuit prevents the voltage from slashing changes and protects the system components.
It realizes the function of still providing hot water in rainy days, and effectively avoids damage to circuit components through voltage delay circuits.
Smart Images
Figure CN222527970U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar energy heating, in particular to a photovoltaic water heating system. Background Art
[0002] Traditional solar water heaters use collectors to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy to heat water. However, on rainy days, such water heaters cannot effectively provide hot water. Later, water heaters that use photovoltaic power generation for heating appeared. However, photovoltaic power generation is greatly affected by the weather, resulting in unstable voltage of photovoltaic power, which is prone to sudden voltage changes, causing damage to components in the circuit. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a photovoltaic water heating system.
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic water heating system, comprising a photovoltaic component, a voltage delay circuit, an inverter circuit, a first switching switch and a water heater, wherein the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit, the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit, the output end of the inverter circuit is connected to the first input end of the first switching switch, the second input end of the first switching switch is used to be connected to the mains, and the output end of the first switching switch is connected to the power supply end of the water heater.
[0005] Further, the inverter circuit includes a fifth NMOS tube, a sixth NMOS tube, a seventh NMOS tube, an eighth NMOS tube, a sixteenth capacitor, an eighteenth resistor and a second inductor, the gate of the fifth NMOS tube is configured as a first output end of the inverter circuit, the drain of the fifth NMOS tube is connected to the drain of the sixth NMOS tube and then connected to a DC power supply, the gate of the sixth NMOS tube is configured as a first input end of the inverter circuit, the source of the sixth NMOS tube is connected to the drain of the seventh NMOS tube and then connected to a first VS power supply, the gate of the seventh NMOS tube is configured as a second input end of the inverter circuit, the source of the seventh NMOS tube is connected to the source of the eighth NMOS tube and then connected to ground, and the eighth NMOS The gate of the OS tube is constructed as the second output end of the inverter circuit, the drain of the eighth NMOS tube is connected to the source of the fifth NMOS tube and then connected to the third VS power supply, one end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to the connection point of the sixth NMOS tube and the seventh NMOS tube, the other end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to one end of the sixteenth capacitor, the other end of the sixteenth capacitor is connected to the connection point of the eighth NMOS tube and the fifth NMOS tube, one end of the second inductor is connected to the connection point of the eighth NMOS tube and the fifth NMOS tube, the other end of the second inductor is connected to the second VS power supply, and a diode is connected between the source and the drain of the fifth NMOS tube, the sixth NMOS tube, the seventh NMOS tube and the eighth NMOS tube.
[0006] Further, the voltage delay circuit includes a first capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first diode and a first transistor, the first transistor is an NPN transistor, the first diode is a light-emitting diode, the positive electrode of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the first diode, and after the connection, it is constructed as the positive electrode of the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit, one end of the second resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the first capacitor, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor, one end of the third resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the first capacitor and the emitter of the first transistor, and after the connection, it is constructed as the negative electrode of the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit, the other end of the third resistor is connected to the connection point of the second resistor and the first transistor, and the collector of the first transistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode.
[0007] Furthermore, the photovoltaic water heating system also includes a controller and a current and voltage acquisition circuit, the input end of the current and voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic component, the output end of the current and voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the enable end of the first switching switch.
[0008] Furthermore, the photovoltaic water heating system further comprises a controller and a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal is wirelessly connected to the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the enable end of the first switching switch.
[0009] Furthermore, the first switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0011] (1) The utility model can switch the power supply of the water heater from photovoltaic AC power to AC power through the first switching switch, thereby ensuring that the water heater can provide hot water even on rainy days;
[0012] (2) The utility model can prevent abrupt changes in voltage in the system by setting a voltage delay circuit in the photovoltaic water heating system, thereby effectively avoiding damage to components in the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 A block diagram of a first embodiment of a photovoltaic water heating system;
[0014] Figure 2 A block diagram of a second embodiment of a photovoltaic water heating system;
[0015] Figure 3 A circuit schematic diagram of an inverter circuit;
[0016] Figure 4 A circuit schematic diagram of a voltage delay circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The following will be combined with the embodiments to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0018] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the utility model provides a photovoltaic water heating system:
[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, a photovoltaic water heating system includes a photovoltaic component, a voltage delay circuit, an inverter circuit, a first switching switch and a water heater, wherein the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit, the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit, the output end of the inverter circuit is connected to the first input end of the first switching switch; the second input end of the first switching switch is used to connect to the mains power, so as to introduce the mains power into the system; the output end of the first switching switch is connected to the power supply end of the water heater.
[0020] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module outputs photovoltaic direct current, which is converted into photovoltaic alternating current by an inverter circuit, and the photovoltaic alternating current is used to power the water heater; when it is rainy, the power supply of the water heater can be switched from photovoltaic alternating current to mains power through a first switching switch, thereby ensuring that the water heater can also provide hot water on rainy days. In this embodiment, a voltage delay circuit is set in the photovoltaic water heating system. When the voltage in the system increases, the voltage delay circuit absorbs current, causing the voltage to rise slowly, thereby preventing a sudden change in the voltage in the system, and effectively avoiding damage to related components in the system.
[0021] In some embodiments, the first switching switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and the switching between AC power and photovoltaic power supply is achieved by the single-pole multi-throw switch.
[0022] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic water heating system also includes a controller and a current and voltage acquisition circuit, the input end of the current and voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic component, the output end of the current and voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the enable end of the first switching switch.
[0023] In this embodiment, the voltage and current generated by the photovoltaic components are collected, and then it is determined whether the collected voltage and current are within a preset range. If the voltage and current are not within the preset range, it is considered that it is a rainy day. At this time, the controller sends a signal to the first switching switch to switch the power supply of the water heater to AC power.
[0024] In some embodiments, Figure 3As shown, the inverter circuit includes a fifth NMOS tube M5, a sixth NMOS tube M6, a seventh NMOS tube M7, an eighth NMOS tube M8, a sixteenth capacitor C16, an eighteenth resistor R18 and a second inductor L2, the gate of the fifth NMOS tube M5 is configured as a first output end of the inverter circuit, the drain of the fifth NMOS tube M5 is connected to the drain of the sixth NMOS tube M6 and then connected to a DC power supply, the gate of the sixth NMOS tube M6 is configured as a first input end of the inverter circuit, the source of the sixth NMOS tube M6 is connected to the drain of the seventh NMOS tube M7 and then connected to a first VS power supply, the gate of the seventh NMOS tube M7 is configured as a second input end of the inverter circuit, the source of the seventh NMOS tube M7 is connected to the drain of the seventh NMOS tube M7 and then connected to a first VS power supply, The source of the eighth NMOS tube M8 is connected to the ground, the gate of the eighth NMOS tube M8 is constructed as the second output end of the inverter circuit, the drain of the eighth NMOS tube M8 is connected to the source of the fifth NMOS tube M5 and then connected to the third VS power supply, one end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to the connection point of the sixth NMOS tube M6 and the seventh NMOS tube M7, the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to one end of the sixteenth capacitor C16, the other end of the sixteenth capacitor C16 is connected to the connection point of the eighth NMOS tube M8 and the fifth NMOS tube M5, one end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the connection point of the eighth NMOS tube M8 and the fifth NMOS tube M5, and the other end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the second VS power supply.
[0025] A diode is connected between the source and drain of the fifth NMOS tube M5, the sixth NMOS tube M6, the seventh NMOS tube M7 and the eighth NMOS tube M8. Specifically, the inverter circuit further includes a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4 and a fifth diode D5, the second diode D2, the third diode D3, the fourth diode D4 and the fifth diode D5 are all voltage stabilizing diodes, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the source of the fifth NMOS tube M5, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the drain of the fifth NMOS tube M5, the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the source of the sixth NMOS tube M6, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the drain of the sixth NMOS tube M6, the anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the source of the seventh NMOS tube M7, the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the drain of the seventh NMOS tube M7, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the source of the eighth NMOS tube M8, and the cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the drain of the eighth NMOS tube M8.
[0026] In this embodiment, the AC output by the inverter circuit is not a fixed 110V or 220V AC, but varies with the input voltage, and does not require a fixed battery as the input voltage.
[0027] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the voltage delay circuit includes a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first diode D1 and a first transistor Q1, the first transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor, the first diode D1 is a light emitting diode, the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the first diode, and is constructed as the positive electrode of the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit after the connection, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the base of the first transistor Q1, one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 and the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and is constructed as the negative electrode of the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit after the connection, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the connection point of the second resistor R2 and the first transistor Q1, and the collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1.
[0028] The traditional voltage delay circuit does not have a second resistor and a third resistor. In order to increase the delay time, it is necessary to increase the resistance value of the first resistor and the capacitance value of the first capacitor, which will greatly increase the volume and cost of the circuit. In this embodiment, the second resistor and the third resistor are set, and the second resistor and the third resistor are used to discharge while the first capacitor is charged, thereby increasing the delay time.
[0029] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic water heating system also includes a controller and a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal is wirelessly connected to the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the enable end of the first switching switch. The first switching switch can be remotely controlled by the mobile terminal, thereby realizing remote switching control of AC power and photovoltaic power.
[0030] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model. It should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the utility model.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic water heating system, characterized in that: It includes a photovoltaic component, a voltage delay circuit, an inverter circuit, a first switching switch and a water heater, wherein the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit, the output end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the input end of the inverter circuit, the output end of the inverter circuit is connected to the first input end of the first switching switch, the second input end of the first switching switch is used to connect to the mains, and the output end of the first switching switch is connected to the power supply end of the water heater.
2. A photovoltaic water heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter circuit includes a fifth NMOS tube, a sixth NMOS tube, a seventh NMOS tube, an eighth NMOS tube, a sixteenth capacitor, an eighteenth resistor and a second inductor. The gate of the fifth NMOS tube is configured as a first output end of the inverter circuit. The drain of the fifth NMOS tube is connected to the drain of the sixth NMOS tube and then connected to a DC power supply. The gate of the sixth NMOS tube is configured as a first input end of the inverter circuit. The source of the sixth NMOS tube is connected to the drain of the seventh NMOS tube and then connected to a first VS power supply. The gate of the seventh NMOS tube is configured as a second input end of the inverter circuit. The source of the seventh NMOS tube is connected to the source of the eighth NMOS tube and then connected to ground. The eighth NMOS tube The gate of the transistor is constructed as the second output end of the inverter circuit, the drain of the eighth NMOS tube is connected to the source of the fifth NMOS tube and then connected to the third VS power supply, one end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to the connection point of the sixth NMOS tube and the seventh NMOS tube, the other end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to one end of the sixteenth capacitor, the other end of the sixteenth capacitor is connected to the connection point of the eighth NMOS tube and the fifth NMOS tube, one end of the second inductor is connected to the connection point of the eighth NMOS tube and the fifth NMOS tube, the other end of the second inductor is connected to the second VS power supply, and a diode is connected between the source and the drain of the fifth NMOS tube, the sixth NMOS tube, the seventh NMOS tube and the eighth NMOS tube.
3. A photovoltaic water heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage delay circuit includes a first capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first diode and a first transistor, the first transistor is an NPN transistor, the first diode is a light emitting diode, the positive electrode of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the first diode, and after the connection, it is constructed as the positive electrode of the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit, one end of the second resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the first capacitor, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor, one end of the third resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the first capacitor and the emitter of the first transistor, and after the connection, it is constructed as the negative electrode of the power supply end of the voltage delay circuit, the other end of the third resistor is connected to the connection point of the second resistor and the first transistor, and the collector of the first transistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode.
4. A photovoltaic water heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic water heating system also includes a controller and a current and voltage acquisition circuit, wherein the input end of the current and voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic component, the output end of the current and voltage acquisition circuit is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the enable end of the first switching switch.
5. A photovoltaic water heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic water heating system further comprises a controller and a mobile terminal. The mobile terminal is wirelessly connected to the controller, and an output end of the controller is connected to an enable end of the first switch.
6. A photovoltaic water heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch is a single-pole multi-throw switch.