Hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporation cooling

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell cooling system based on spray evaporative cooling, which belongs to the technical field of fuel cell cooling and comprises a cooling liquid radiator, an air cooling component, a spraying component, a product radiator, a product water tank, a plurality of placing plates, support columns, a fuel cell, a cooling liquid water tank and clamping blocks. A lower-layer mounting space and an upper-layer mounting space are formed between the placing plate and the supporting column, the product water tank is mounted in the lower-layer mounting space, the clamping blocks are mounted in the upper-layer mounting space, the fuel cell is clamped between the two clamping blocks, the cooling liquid water tank is mounted above the upper-layer mounting space, and the product radiator is arranged on the right side of the cooling liquid water tank. The cooling liquid radiator is mounted above the product radiator, one end of the air cooling assembly is mounted on the right side surface of the placement plate, and one end of the spraying assembly is mounted on the bottom surface of the placement plate, so that certain defects of a fuel cell cooling system in the prior art are overcome, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, and the universality of the heat dissipation system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cell cooling, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling. Background Art

[0002] At present, fuel cell stack cooling technologies mainly include air cooling technology, liquid cooling technology and phase change cooling technology.

[0003] Air cooling technology is generally applicable to fuel cell stacks of 100w to 2kw. It has the advantages of low flow cost, easy installation and use, etc., but it cannot be used in higher power fuel cell reactors due to limited heat dissipation. Liquid cooling technology is most widely used in high-power PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) at present, and is generally used in fuel cell stacks above 5kw. This method usually uses ethylene glycol or water as coolant. When the coolant flows through the battery, it takes away the heat inside it, and then flows through the radiator to discharge this part of the heat through the cooling fan. Liquid cooling has higher heat dissipation efficiency, requires less coolant flow, and has a smaller temperature difference between the coolant inlet and outlet. However, this method consumes a lot of electricity as the driving force of the fan, and when the external ambient temperature is too high, the coolant will not be able to get good heat dissipation and cooling in the radiator part, which will affect the heat dissipation effect inside the battery. Common methods of phase change cooling technology in automobiles include heat pipe cooling and evaporative cooling. This method mainly uses the latent heat absorbed by the refrigerant during the vaporization process to achieve cooling, and can take away more heat when the refrigerant temperature rises by the same amount. However. Evaporative cooling has the problem of balancing heat dissipation and water removal, while heat pipe cooling requires the arrangement of a large number of heat pipes, which will make the structure of the fuel cell complex and the volume larger.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling to solve the poor heat dissipation effect of the existing fuel cell heat dissipation system is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] To this end, the utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation effect caused by certain defects in the fuel cell cooling system in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling, comprising:

[0008] A plurality of placement plates are connected by support columns, and a lower installation space and an upper installation space are formed between the placement plates and the support columns;

[0009] A product water tank is installed in the lower installation space;

[0010] Card blocks are arranged in pairs and installed in the upper installation space;

[0011] A fuel cell, clamped between the two clamping blocks;

[0012] A coolant tank is installed above the upper installation space;

[0013] A product radiator is installed above the upper installation space, and the product radiator is arranged on the right side of the coolant tank;

[0014] a coolant radiator, mounted above the product radiator;

[0015] An air cooling component, one end of which is mounted on the right side of the placement plate;

[0016] A spray assembly, one end of which is mounted on the bottom surface of the placement plate;

[0017] Among them, the other ends of the air cooling component and the spray component are both facing the right side surfaces of the product radiator and the coolant radiator, and the product water tank, fuel cell, coolant water tank, product radiator, coolant radiator and spray component are connected by pipes.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the air cooling component includes:

[0019] A connecting rod, one end of which is mounted on the right side surface of the placement plate, and the other end of which is mounted with a rotating motor;

[0020] A rotating rod, one end of which is transmission-connected to the output end of the rotating motor;

[0021] A rotating head is mounted on the other end of the rotating rod;

[0022] A plurality of blades are mounted on the rotating head.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the spray assembly includes:

[0024] A spray water storage tank is installed at the bottom of the placement plate;

[0025] The water pumping pipeline is arranged in pairs, one end of which is installed on the front and rear sides of the spray water storage tank, and the other end is installed with a water pump, and the water pump has two drainage ports;

[0026] A drainage pipeline has one end installed in the drainage port and the other end is provided with a pressure swirl atomizing nozzle.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the fuel cell is provided with positive and negative electrode interfaces, a coolant inlet and outlet, and a product outlet on the front and rear sides, and a proton exchange membrane is attached to the surface of the fuel cell.

[0028] In a possible implementation, a plurality of insertion holes are opened on the sides of the product water tank and the coolant water tank, and one end of the pipe is inserted into the insertion hole.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the product radiator and the coolant radiator use plate-fin heat exchangers.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the product radiator, the coolant radiator and the spray assembly are connected to a controller, and the controller is provided with a temperature detector and a flow detector.

[0031] In a possible implementation manner, a water supply pump is installed on the pipeline.

[0032] The utility model uses a pipeline to discharge the product deionized water of the fuel cell, and the product water tank collects the deionized water. A part of the collected deionized water is used to humidify the fuel cell, and the other part is supplied to the spray component after cooling through the product radiator. The spray component cooperates with the fan to atomize and cool the product radiator and the coolant radiator, which not only effectively improves the heat dissipation efficiency, but also effectively utilizes the deionized water, while avoiding the scaling and even corrosion of the radiator fins caused by impure spray working fluid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0034] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling provided by the utility model;

[0036] Figure 2A three-dimensional diagram of the air cooling assembly provided by the utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the spray assembly provided by the utility model;

[0038] In the figure: 1 coolant radiator; 2 air cooling assembly; 21 rotating head; 22 rotating motor; 23 rotating rod; 24 connecting rod; 25 blade; 3 spray assembly; 31 pumping pipeline; 32 spray water storage tank; 33 pumping pump; 34 drainage pipeline; 35 pressure swirl atomizing nozzle; 4 product radiator; 5 product water tank; 6 placement plate; 7 support column; 8 fuel cell; 9 coolant water tank; 10 block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is a specific embodiment of the present invention. People familiar with the technology can easily understand the other advantages and functions of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 Now, a hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling disclosed in the utility model is described. The utility model is composed of ten parts, such as Figure 1 , including a coolant radiator 1, an air cooling component 2, a spray component 3, a product radiator 4, a product water tank 5, a placement plate 6, a support column 7, a fuel cell 8, a coolant water tank 9 and a card block 10, a plurality of placement plates 6 are connected by support columns 7, a lower installation space and an upper installation space are formed between the placement plates 6 and the support columns 7, the product water tank 5 is installed in the lower installation space, the card blocks 10 are arranged in pairs and installed in the upper installation space, the fuel cell 8 is connected between the two card blocks 10, and the coolant water tank 9 is installed on the upper installation space The product radiator 4 is installed above the upper installation space, the product radiator 4 is arranged on the right side of the coolant water tank 9, the coolant radiator 1 is installed above the product radiator 4, one end of the air cooling component 2 is installed on the right side of the placement plate 6, and one end of the spray component 3 is installed on the bottom surface of the placement plate 6. The other ends of the air cooling component 2 and the spray component 3 are both opposite to the right side surfaces of the product radiator 4 and the coolant radiator 1. The product water tank 5, the fuel cell 8, the coolant water tank 9, the product radiator 4, the coolant radiator 1 and the spray component 3 are connected by pipes.

[0041] When the utility model is in use, the fuel cell 8 in the device is a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, so deionized water will be produced after use. The deionized water enters the product water tank 5 through a pipeline. The product water tank 5 pumps the deionized water out again to the product radiator 4 through a pump for heat dissipation. The deionized water after cooling enters the spray component 3. The spray component 3 and the air cooling component 2 are started to atomize and cool the product radiator 4 and the coolant radiator 1. After the coolant cools the fuel cell 8, the temperature of the coolant will increase. Then, after atomization cooling, the temperature of the coolant drops back to the temperature before use, and enters the fuel cell 8 again for cooling. The coolant water tank 9 is used to store the coolant after use.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, Figure 2 The air cooling assembly 2 includes a rotating head 21, a rotating motor 22, a rotating rod 23, a connecting rod 24 and blades 25. One end of the connecting rod 24 is mounted on the right surface of the placement plate 6, and the other end is mounted with the rotating motor 22. One end of the rotating rod 23 is connected to the output end of the rotating motor 22. The rotating head 21 is mounted on the other end of the rotating rod 23, and a plurality of blades 25 are mounted on the rotating head 21. The air cooling assembly 2 is used by driving the rotating rod 23 to rotate through the rotating motor 22. The rotation of the rotating rod 23 drives the blades 25 and the rotating head 21 to rotate, so as to cool down the two radiators. At the same time, the air cooling assembly 2 can blow the water mist sprayed by the spray assembly 3 onto the two radiators for cooling.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3 The spray assembly 3 includes a water extraction pipeline 31, a spray water storage tank 32, a water extraction pump 33, a drainage pipeline 34 and a pressure swirl atomizing nozzle 35. The spray water storage tank 32 is installed at the bottom of the placement plate 6. The water extraction pipeline 31 is arranged in pairs, one end of which is installed at the front and rear sides of the spray water storage tank 32, and the other end is installed with a water extraction pump 33. The water extraction pump 33 has two drainage ports. One end of the drainage pipeline 34 is installed in the drainage port, and the other end is installed with a pressure swirl atomizing nozzle 35. The deionized water cooled from the product radiator 4 will first enter the spray water storage tank 32 for storage. When cooling is required, the water extraction pump 33 is started to extract the deionized water from the spray water storage tank 32 and flow along the drainage pipeline 34 to the pressure swirl atomizing nozzle 35. The deionized water is sprayed through the pressure swirl atomizing nozzle 35 to cool the surfaces of the two radiators.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the front and rear sides of the fuel cell 8 are provided with positive and negative electrode interfaces, a coolant inlet and outlet, and a product outlet, and a proton exchange membrane is attached to the surface of the fuel cell 8. The positive and negative electrode interfaces are used to connect the load, while the coolant inlet and outlet are used for the coolant to flow in and out. The reaction product of the fuel cell 8 is deionized water (pure water). In order to avoid the fuel cell being "flooded", it needs to be discharged regularly using the product outlet. The proton exchange membrane is also called a proton membrane or a hydrogen ion exchange membrane. It is an ion-selective permeable membrane that provides a channel for proton migration and transmission, separates gas reactants, and blocks the electrolyte in the battery. The deionized water in the product water tank 5 humidifies the proton exchange membrane.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, a plurality of jacks are provided on the sides of the product water tank 5 and the coolant water tank 9, and one end of a pipe is inserted into the jack. The jack is used to discharge the liquid in the water tank and insert the pipe.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the product radiator 4 and the coolant radiator 1 use plate-fin heat exchangers. The plate-fin heat exchanger is a highly efficient heat exchange equipment, the core of which lies in the design of the plate bundle, which is composed of partitions, fins, seals, and guide vanes. This structure makes the plate-fin heat exchanger perform well in heat transfer efficiency. Its heat transfer coefficient is generally three times that of the shell and tube heat exchanger, and it can achieve good heat (cold) recovery effect under small temperature differences. In addition, the plate-fin heat exchanger has a compact structure, and the heat transfer area per unit volume can reach 1500 m 2 / rice 3 , making it small in size and light in weight. Compared with shell and tube heat exchangers, with the same heat transfer area, its weight is nearly half of the latter. This heat exchanger can also withstand higher working pressures and achieve simultaneous heat exchange of multiple fluids due to its sturdy structure and efficient heat transfer performance.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the product radiator 4, the coolant radiator 1 and the spray assembly 3 are connected to the controller, and the controller is provided with a temperature detector and a flow detector. The controller can collect the flow information of the spray and the temperature information of the inlet and outlet of the coolant radiator 1 and the outlet of the product radiator 4. The temperature adjustment signal controls the pressure of the spray, and then controls its flow, to ensure that the inlet and outlet temperatures of the coolant radiator 1 are relatively stable (inlet 80°C, outlet 72°C) and the outlet temperature of the product radiator 4 (approximately ambient temperature), and improve the uniformity of heat dissipation of the fuel reactor.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, a water supply pump is installed on the pipeline to perform water pumping.

[0049] Although the utility model has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the utility model. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the utility model are within the scope of protection claimed by the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling, characterized in that: include: A plurality of placement plates (6) are connected by support columns (7), and a lower installation space and an upper installation space are formed between the placement plates (6) and the support columns (7); A product water tank (5) is installed in the lower installation space; Card blocks (10) are arranged in pairs and installed in the upper installation space; A fuel cell (8) is clamped between the two clamping blocks (10); A coolant tank (9) is installed above the upper installation space; A product radiator (4) is installed above the upper installation space, and the product radiator (4) is arranged on the right side of the coolant tank (9); A coolant radiator (1) is installed above the product radiator (4); An air cooling component (2), one end of which is mounted on the right side of the placement plate (6); A spray assembly (3), one end of which is mounted on the bottom surface of the placement plate (6); The other ends of the air cooling component (2) and the spray component (3) are both directly opposite to the right side surfaces of the product radiator (4) and the coolant radiator (1), and the product water tank (5), the fuel cell (8), the coolant water tank (9), the product radiator (4), the coolant radiator (1) and the spray component (3) are connected by pipelines.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air cooling component (2) comprises: A connecting rod (24), one end of which is mounted on the right side surface of the placement plate (6), and the other end of which is mounted with a rotating motor (22); A rotating rod (23), one end of which is drivingly connected to the output end of the rotating motor (22); A rotating head (21) is mounted on the other end of the rotating rod (23); A plurality of blades (25) are mounted on the rotating head (21).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray assembly (3) comprises: A spray water storage tank (32) is installed at the bottom of the placement plate (6); The water pumping pipeline (31) is arranged in pairs, one end of which is installed at the front and rear sides of the spray water storage tank (32), and the other end is installed with a water pump (33), and the water pump (33) has two drainage ports; A drainage pipeline (34) has one end installed in the drainage port and a pressure swirl atomizing nozzle (35) installed at the other end.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell (8) is provided with positive and negative electrode interfaces, a coolant inlet and outlet, and a product outlet on the front and rear sides, and a proton exchange membrane is attached to the surface of the fuel cell (8).

5. The hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sides of the product water tank (5) and the coolant water tank (9) are provided with a plurality of insertion holes, and one end of the pipeline is inserted into the insertion hole.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product radiator (4) and the coolant radiator (1) use plate-fin heat exchangers.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product radiator (4), the coolant radiator (1) and the spray assembly (3) are connected to a controller, and a temperature detector and a flow detector are provided in the controller.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell heat dissipation system based on spray evaporative cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water supply pump is installed on the pipeline.

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