Heavy hydrogen fuel tractor electrical system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrical system of a heavy hydrogen fuel tractor, which comprises a hydrogen fuel cell system and a lithium ion battery system electrically connected with the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the lithium ion battery system is respectively and electrically connected with a traction integrated control system, a pump control assembly, a high-pressure air conditioner and a high-voltage-low-voltage power converter. The traction integrated control system, the pump control assembly, the high-pressure air conditioner and the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter are all electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller, and the hydrogen fuel cell system is used for dynamic power compensation of the whole vehicle system. According to the utility model, the structure is simple, the hydrogen fuel cell system dynamically adjusts the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell according to the current value, the start-stop operation of the hydrogen stack is judged according to the SOC value, the normal operation of the tractor is ensured, and meanwhile, the idle work loss can be avoided by dynamically adjusting the output in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heavy-duty hydrogen energy fuel cell tractor vehicles, in particular to an electrical system of a heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Existing heavy-duty tractors weighing more than 30 tons are powered by internal combustion engines to realize the movement of the entire vehicle and all hydraulic movements. With the environmental protection requirements, the current internal combustion power has high fuel consumption and large emissions, which affects the future technological development; and as the tonnage of the tractor increases, the power required for the entire vehicle becomes greater, the engine displacement also needs to be large, and the pollution caused by exhaust emissions is also very serious, and the contradiction needs to be resolved urgently.

[0003] With the national energy and environmental protection development plan, new energy is being vigorously developed. Hydrogen energy is a clean energy, and the product after use is water, which is in line with the national dual carbon goals. In recent years, with the breakthrough and upgrading of domestic hydrogen fuel technology, domestic hydrogen reactors have the capacity for mass production and are gradually being used on a large scale in the field of industrial vehicles. Hydrogen energy vehicles have great potential.

[0004] As a type of electric tractor, heavy-duty hydrogen fuel cell tractors require high power. Traditional industrial vehicles usually use battery voltage platforms ranging from 24V to 120V. On this platform, high-power output often means large current and large useless power loss, and large current also means an increase in the diameter of related transmission cables. With the vigorous development of the domestic electric vehicle industry, high-voltage control system technology has become more mature, and the cost of high-voltage electrical components has also decreased. They are increasingly used in the field of industrial vehicles. Therefore, an electrical system for heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractors is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide an electrical system for a heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an electrical system of a heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell system and a lithium-ion battery system electrically connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system, wherein the lithium-ion battery system is electrically connected to a traction integrated control system, a pump control assembly, a high-voltage heating and cooling air conditioner and a high-voltage-low-voltage power converter, respectively; the traction integrated control system, the pump control assembly, the high-voltage heating and cooling air conditioner and the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter are all electrically connected to a vehicle controller; the hydrogen fuel cell system is used for dynamic power compensation of the vehicle system; and the vehicle controller is used for controlling the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system, the lithium-ion battery system, the traction integrated control system and the pump control assembly, and monitoring their status.

[0007] As a further solution of the utility model: the traction integrated control system includes a traction motor controller and a high-voltage permanent magnet traction motor, and the traction motor controller is electrically connected to the high-voltage permanent magnet traction motor; the pump control assembly includes a high-pressure oil pump motor controller and a high-pressure oil pump motor, and the high-pressure oil pump motor controller is electrically connected to the high-pressure oil pump motor.

[0008] As a further solution of the utility model: the hydrogen fuel cell system is integrated with a hydrogen fuel cell controller, the lithium-ion battery system is integrated with a lithium battery BMS, and the traction motor controller, high-pressure oil pump motor controller, hydrogen fuel cell controller and lithium battery BMS are all connected to the vehicle controller through a CAN network bidirectional communication.

[0009] As a further solution of the utility model: the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter is electrically connected to the low-voltage control box, and the low-voltage control box is electrically connected to the vehicle controller and the starting battery respectively.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the lithium-ion battery system is integrated with a lithium-ion module, and the lithium-ion module is composed of a plurality of groups of lithium batteries.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0012] 1. The hydrogen fuel cell system detects the current data message and battery capacity SOC message sent by the lithium-ion battery system, dynamically adjusts the hydrogen fuel cell output power according to the current value, and determines the start and stop operation of the hydrogen stack according to the SOC value to avoid overvoltage faults of the lithium battery caused by continuous output of the hydrogen stack, or undervoltage faults of the lithium battery caused by insufficient output power of the hydrogen stack, which causes the whole vehicle to fail to operate normally, ensuring the normal operation of the tractor. At the same time, real-time dynamic adjustment of output can avoid useless power loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the vehicle electrical system of the utility model;

[0014] In the figure: 1. Hydrogen fuel cell system; 11. Hydrogen fuel cell controller; 2. Lithium-ion battery system; 21. Lithium battery BMS; 22. Lithium-ion module; 3. Traction integrated control system; 31. Traction motor controller; 32. High-voltage permanent magnet traction motor; 4. Pump control assembly; 41. High-voltage oil pump motor controller; 42. High-voltage oil pump motor; 5. High-voltage heating and cooling air conditioner; 6. High-voltage-low-voltage power converter; 7. Low-voltage control box; 8. Vehicle controller; 9. Starting battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0016] See also Figure 1 In an embodiment of the utility model, an electrical system of a heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor includes a hydrogen fuel cell system 1 and a lithium-ion battery system 2 electrically connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system 1. The lithium-ion battery system 2 is integrated with a lithium-ion module 22, which is composed of a plurality of lithium batteries. The lithium-ion battery system 2 is electrically connected to a traction integrated control system 3, a pump control assembly 4, a high-voltage air conditioner 5 and a high-voltage-low-voltage power converter 6 respectively. The lithium-ion battery system 2 has a built-in high-voltage DC power distribution part, one way for the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 to supply power, one way for the traction integrated control system 3 to supply power, one way for the pump control assembly 4 to supply power, and one way for the high-voltage air conditioner 5 to supply power. The traction integrated control system 3, the pump control assembly 4, the high-voltage air conditioner 5 and the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter 6 are all electrically connected to a vehicle controller 8. The hydrogen fuel cell system 1 is used for dynamic power compensation of the vehicle system, and the vehicle controller 8 is used to control the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system 1, the lithium-ion battery system 2, the traction integrated control system 3 and the pump control assembly 4 and monitor their status.

[0017] During vehicle operation, the hydrogen fuel cell controller detects the current data message and battery capacity SOC message sent by the lithium battery BMS in real time, dynamically adjusts the hydrogen fuel cell output power according to the current value, and determines the start and stop operation of the hydrogen stack according to the SOC value to avoid overvoltage failure of the lithium battery due to continuous output of the hydrogen stack, or undervoltage failure of the lithium battery due to insufficient output power of the hydrogen stack, which causes the whole vehicle to fail to operate normally. After the selected key switch is turned off, the lithium-ion battery system 2 is powered off according to the set time delay, and high-voltage power and low-voltage power are provided to the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 to ensure that the high-voltage power-off and purge work of the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 are completed.

[0018] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment, in this embodiment, preferably, the traction integrated control system 3 includes a traction motor controller 31 and a high-voltage permanent magnet traction motor 32, and the traction motor controller 31 is electrically connected to the high-voltage permanent magnet traction motor 32; the pump control assembly 4 includes a high-pressure oil pump motor controller 41 and a high-pressure oil pump motor 42, and the high-pressure oil pump motor controller 41 is electrically connected to the high-pressure oil pump motor 42. Further, the three-phase end of the traction motor controller 31 is connected to the high-voltage permanent magnet traction motor 32, and the three-phase end of the high-pressure oil pump motor 42 is connected to the high-pressure oil pump motor controller 41.

[0019] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment, in this embodiment, preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 is integrated with a hydrogen fuel cell controller 11, the lithium-ion battery system 2 is integrated with a lithium battery BMS21, and the traction motor controller 31, the high-pressure oil pump motor controller 41, the hydrogen fuel cell controller 11 and the lithium battery BMS21 are all connected to the vehicle controller 8 through a CAN network bidirectional communication.

[0020] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment, in this embodiment, preferably, the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter 6 is electrically connected to the low-voltage control box 7, and the low-voltage control box 7 is electrically connected to the vehicle controller 8 and the starting battery 9 respectively.

[0021] Specifically, the starting battery 9 is divided into three paths, one path goes to the key switch, one path is connected to the contact end of the main contactor 13, and one path is connected to the output end of the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter 6; the other end of the key switch is connected to the ports of the hydrogen fuel cell system 1, the lithium-ion battery system 2, the traction motor controller 31, the high-pressure oil pump motor controller 41, and the vehicle controller 8. After the vehicle controller 8 detects that there are no serious faults in the above components, it drives the main contactor coil to be energized, and the other end of the main contactor contact end is connected to the vehicle control circuit load to provide a low-voltage power supply to the vehicle load.

[0022] Working principle: The starting battery 9 provides a low-voltage power supply for the whole vehicle. After the selected key switch is turned on, the control ports of the hydrogen fuel cell system 1, the lithium-ion battery system 2, the traction integrated control system 3, and the high-voltage oil pump motor controller 41 are powered, and the control units of the above components start self-checking and upload information through the CAN network. After the whole vehicle main controller 8 self-checks the system and there is no serious fault information, it sends a high-voltage power supply instruction to the lithium battery BMS21, and the high-voltage part of the lithium-ion battery system 2 works, thereby providing a high-voltage power source for the traction integrated control system 3, the high-voltage oil pump motor 42, the high-voltage oil pump motor controller 41, the high-voltage heating and cooling air conditioner 5, and the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter 6; at this time, when the hydrogen fuel cell controller 11 detects that there is no internal fault in the hydrogen fuel cell system 1, there is no serious fault in the whole vehicle, and the lithium battery SOC is lower than the set value, the hydrogen fuel cell system 1 starts and outputs high-voltage electricity to the lithium-ion battery system 2; after the high-voltage power-on of the whole vehicle is completed, the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter 6 outputs a 27.5V low-voltage power supply to supply power to the low-voltage load of the whole vehicle while charging the starting battery 9. The vehicle control circuit uploads the driver's operation information to the vehicle controller 8 to control the vehicle's driving, steering, sound and light loads; at the same time, the vehicle controller 8 interacts with the lithium battery BMS21 and the traction motor controller 31 through the CAN network to obtain real-time vehicle status information. In the event of a fault, an alarm prompt, speed limit operation, and vehicle parking will be issued according to the customized fault level.

[0023] Although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode includes only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0024] Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present application; that is, all equivalent changes made according to the scope of the claims of the present application are within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor electrical system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydrogen fuel cell system (1) and a lithium-ion battery system (2) electrically connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system (1); the lithium-ion battery system (2) is electrically connected to a traction integrated control system (3), a pump control assembly (4), a high-voltage cooling and heating air conditioner (5) and a high-voltage-low-voltage power converter (6) respectively; the traction integrated control system (3), the pump control assembly (4), the high-voltage cooling and heating air conditioner (5) and the high-voltage-low-voltage power converter (6) are all electrically connected to a vehicle controller (8); the hydrogen fuel cell system (1) is used for dynamic power compensation of the vehicle system; the vehicle controller (8) is used for controlling the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system (1), the lithium-ion battery system (2), the traction integrated control system (3) and the pump control assembly (4) and monitoring their status.

2. The heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction integrated control system (3) comprises a traction motor controller (31) and a high-voltage permanent magnet traction motor (32), wherein the traction motor controller (31) is electrically connected to the high-voltage permanent magnet traction motor (32); the pump control assembly (4) comprises a high-pressure oil pump motor controller (41) and a high-pressure oil pump motor (42), wherein the high-pressure oil pump motor controller (41) is electrically connected to the high-pressure oil pump motor (42).

3. The heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor electrical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell system (1) is integrated with a hydrogen fuel cell controller (11), the lithium-ion battery system (2) is integrated with a lithium battery BMS (21), and the traction motor controller (31), the high-pressure oil pump motor controller (41), the hydrogen fuel cell controller (11) and the lithium battery BMS (21) are all connected to the vehicle controller (8) via a CAN network for bidirectional communication.

4. The heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage-low-voltage power converter (6) is electrically connected to a low-voltage control box (7), and the low-voltage control box (7) is electrically connected to a vehicle controller (8) and a starter battery (9) respectively.

5. The heavy-duty hydrogen fuel tractor electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium-ion battery system (2) is integrated with a lithium-ion module (22), and the lithium-ion module (22) is composed of a plurality of groups of lithium batteries.

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