Crane for replacing parts of wind driven generator

Abstract

The utility model relates to a crane for replacing parts of a wind driven generator, the crane comprises a winch assembly and a hoisting device, the winch assembly is arranged at the lower part of a tower drum, the hoisting device is arranged at the upper part of the tower drum, and the winch assembly is connected with the hoisting device through a steel wire rope; the lifting equipment comprises a rope guide frame, a lifting arm and a lifting hook, a pulley system is arranged on the lifting arm, the winch and the steel wire rope form a crane lifting rope system through the rope guide frame and the pulley system, and the lifting hook is arranged at the tail end of the steel wire rope; the hoisting equipment further comprises a hoisting equipment base and a rotary table, the rotary table is arranged on the hoisting equipment base in an inserted mode, the rotary table rotates in the horizontal plane, and a cargo boom is arranged on the rotary table and connected with the rotary table through a variable amplitude cylinder. Compared with the prior art, large components of the fan do not need to be replaced by a large crane, and switching can be conveniently carried out among different hoisting positions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of replacement and installation of wind turbine components, and relates to a crane used for replacement of wind turbine components. Background Art

[0002] In the field of wind turbines, gearboxes are the main transmission components and large components prone to failure in wind turbines. Since wind farms are located in remote areas with harsh environments and inconvenient transportation, and the failure period generally occurs during peak power generation, affected by working environment factors, once a gearbox fails, it is very difficult to repair and the gearbox in the nacelle needs to be replaced.

[0003] In the current related technology, the usual method for replacing the gearbox is to first disassemble the fan blades and hub, then disassemble the connecting coupling between the generator and the gearbox, and then hoist the main shaft and gearbox assembly from the top of the fan tower to the ground, and then transport it back to the manufacturer for disassembly and maintenance of the gearbox, and then replace the spare gearbox with the fan in time. Such a maintenance plan greatly increases the tonnage requirements and working space of the crane, is very costly, and takes a long time to maintain, and there are great safety hazards.

[0004] Another way to replace the gearbox is to use the main shaft clamping tool to fix the main shaft to the nacelle floor, without removing the blades, hub and main shaft, remove the connecting coupling between the generator and the gearbox, remove the expansion ring between the gearbox and the main shaft, and lift the gearbox assembly from the top of the wind turbine tower to the ground. However, a large-tonnage crane is still required, with a large working space, a long construction period, high costs and high safety risks.

[0005] The existing technology uses a steel structure crane with a flip platform to complete the lifting of key large parts of offshore wind turbines. However, the flip platform of the patent has a complex structure, complicated functions and operations, and is inconvenient to operate; and it requires a high level of professionalism from the operator. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crane for replacing wind turbine components in order to overcome at least one defect of the above-mentioned prior art. The present invention can replace large wind turbine components without a large crane and can be easily switched between different lifting positions.

[0007] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] One of the technical solutions of the utility model is to provide a crane for replacing wind turbine components, the crane comprising a winch assembly and a lifting device, the winch assembly is placed at the lower part of the tower, the lifting device is placed at the upper part of the tower, and the winch assembly is connected to the lifting device through a steel wire rope;

[0009] The lifting equipment includes a rope guide frame, a crane arm and a hook. The crane arm is provided with a pulley system. The winch and the wire rope form a crane lifting rope system through the rope guide frame and the pulley system. The end of the wire rope is provided with a hook. The winch retracts and releases the wire rope to achieve the lifting and lowering of the hook and then the lifting of the heavy object, realizing the function of the crane lifting rope;

[0010] The lifting equipment also includes a lifting equipment base and a turntable. The turntable is inserted into the lifting equipment base. The turntable rotates in a horizontal plane. A crane arm is arranged on the turntable. The crane arm is connected to the turntable through a variable-length cylinder. The combination of the turntable and the crane hoisting rope system can be conveniently switched between different lifting positions.

[0011] Furthermore, the winch assembly is placed on the ground beside the tower, on a platform at the bottom of the tower or on a low-altitude platform, and is separated from the main structure of the crane, so it can be easily disassembled, assembled and transported, and is simple to operate.

[0012] Furthermore, the winch assembly includes a winch base and a winch. The winch assembly is installed at the lower part of the tower through the winch base. The winch, electrical components and hydraulic components are arranged on the winch base. A steel wire rope is wound around the winch.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the winch includes a motor and a brake, the electrical components include a power supply, a control cabinet, a frequency converter and a water cooler, and the hydraulic components include a hydraulic station; after the power supply passes through the control cabinet and the frequency converter, the control cabinet is used to control the action and output stable and reliable power to achieve equipment control; when the winch is working, the water cooler provides circulating cooling water for cooling; when the winch brakes, the hydraulic station provides braking power.

[0014] The winch assembly is connected to the lifting equipment by a steel wire rope. The winch retracts and releases the steel wire rope to realize the lifting and lowering of the crane hook, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the heavy object.

[0015] Furthermore, when the winch assembly is in operation, according to its vertical load conditions, i.e., the weight of the lifted object, the deadweight of the winch assembly, and the tension of the single wire rope, counterweights are added to the four corners of the winch base, or ground anchors are driven to fix the winch base on the ground anchors.

[0016] Furthermore, the lifting equipment is placed on the top of the tower.

[0017] Furthermore, one side of the turntable is rotatably connected to the boom, and the other side is connected to the boom via a luffing cylinder, and the luffing cylinder can adjust the lifting angle of the boom.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, a hydraulic component is provided on the base of the lifting equipment, and the hydraulic component includes a hydraulic station, which is fixed on the bracket. The hydraulic station is connected to the luffing cylinder and the slewing reducer through a hydraulic oil pipe, thereby providing power for the lifting arm and the turntable.

[0019] Furthermore, a conversion interface is provided under the lifting equipment, and the lifting equipment is connected to the cabin bottom plate of the wind turbine through the conversion interface.

[0020] Furthermore, the conversion interface comprises a front column conversion interface, a clamping tool conversion interface and a transition interface conversion interface, and the front column conversion interface and the clamping tool conversion interface are inserted under the transition interface conversion interface.

[0021] Furthermore, the transition interface conversion interface is connected to the lifting equipment base, and the front column conversion interface and the clamping tooling conversion interface are connected to the cabin bottom plate.

[0022] Furthermore, the lifting equipment also includes a man-passing platform, and a rope guide frame and a man-passing platform are provided on the transition interface conversion interface.

[0023] One of the technical solutions of the utility model is to provide a method for using the crane for replacing wind turbine components, the method comprising the following steps:

[0024] First, the winch assembly is arranged on the ground beside the tower or on a platform at the bottom of the tower or a low-altitude platform, and the components of the lifting equipment are installed synchronously with the help of light lifting equipment (the weight of each component can be flexibly assembled according to the lifting capacity of the light lifting equipment) to put the equipment on and under the tower in place;

[0025] Then, use a towing winch or light lifting equipment to connect the wire rope on the winch to the pulley system of the lifting equipment to form a lifting equipment with a high lifting capacity, which can realize the lifting operation of large parts of the wind turbine;

[0026] After the operation is completed, it can be gradually dismantled.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The utility model can be installed by a towing winch, a light lifting device, or a hub crane. It adopts a split module design, and a single module is limited to a certain weight. It can be flexibly adjusted according to the lifting capacity of the installation tool. It can be transported in a container and has a high road capacity.

[0029] (2) The winch assembly of the utility model is placed on the ground beside the tower, on a platform at the bottom of the tower or on a low-altitude platform, and is separated from the main structure of the crane, so it can be easily disassembled, assembled and transported, and is easy to operate;

[0030] (3) The combination of the turntable and the crane hoisting rope system of the utility model can be easily switched between different hoisting positions;

[0031] (4) The utility model can replace large parts of the wind turbine (such as gear boxes, generators, etc.) without a large crane, thus reducing relocation costs (the operation area is significantly better than that of a crane, and the road requirements are significantly lower than those of a large crane). The on-site area is small (if necessary, containers can be brought in in batches to further reduce site requirements). The utility model has obvious economic advantages in scenarios such as high land acquisition and road construction costs / shallow beaches / overseas, and has strong scalability in lifting height (by increasing the length of the wire rope of the winch assembly, it can be quickly expanded to meet lifting requirements at other heights). The utility model is suitable for scenarios such as high land acquisition costs, shallow beaches, overseas, poor traffic conditions, high relocation costs, etc., and has a simple structure and is easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a crane used for replacing wind turbine components in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the winch assembly in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A of a crane used for replacing wind turbine components in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the winch assembly before the counterweight is installed in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the winch assembly after the counterweight is installed in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 6 It is an enlarged front view structural schematic diagram of part B of a crane used for replacing wind turbine components in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged side view of the structure of the B part of the crane used for replacing the wind turbine parts in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the lifting equipment before the steel wire rope is installed in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the lifting equipment after the steel wire rope is installed in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0041] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the lifting equipment in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0042] Fig.11 This is a front view structural diagram of the lifting equipment in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Fig.12 This is a front view structural diagram of a turntable in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0044] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the clamping tool conversion interface in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0045] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the front column conversion interface in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0046] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the transition interface conversion interface in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0047] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the rope guide frame in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0048] Fig.17 This is a first installation diagram of the man-passing platform in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0049] Fig.18 This is a second installation diagram of the man-passing platform in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0050] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the lifting equipment base in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0051] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the turntable in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0052] Description of the markings in the figure:

[0053] 1—winch assembly, 11—winch base, 12—winch, 13—counterweight;

[0054] 2—tower, 3—wire rope;

[0055] 4—lifting equipment, 41—rope guide frame, 42—passing platform, 43—lifting equipment base, 44—turntable, 45—luffing cylinder, 46—lifting arm, 47—hook;

[0056] 5—Electrical components, 6—Hydraulic components;

[0057] 7—conversion interface, 71—front column conversion interface, 72—holding tooling conversion interface, 73—transition interface conversion interface;

[0058] 8—nacelle bottom plate, 9—blades. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0060] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are used to describe common objects, and only refer to different instances of the same object, and are not intended to imply that the objects described in this way must adopt a given order, whether in time, space, order or any other manner.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] Example:

[0063] A crane for replacing wind turbine components, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a winch assembly 1 and a lifting equipment 4. The winch assembly 1 is placed at the lower part of the tower 2, and the lifting equipment 4 is placed at the upper part of the tower 2. The winch assembly 1 is connected to the lifting equipment 4 through a steel wire rope 3.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the winch assembly 1 is placed on the ground beside the tower 2, on a platform at the bottom of the tower 2 or on a low-altitude platform, and is separated from the main structure of the crane, so it can be easily disassembled, assembled and transported, and is easy to operate;

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the winch assembly 1 is placed on the ground beside the tower 2.

[0066] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the winch assembly 1 includes a winch base 11 and a winch 12. The winch assembly 1 is installed at the lower part of the tower 2 through the winch base 11. The winch 12, the electrical component 5 and the hydraulic component 6 are arranged on the winch base 11. The winch 12 is wound with a wire rope 3. The winch 12 includes a motor and a brake. The electrical component 5 includes a power supply, a control cabinet, a frequency converter and a water cooler. The hydraulic component 6 includes a hydraulic station. After the power supply passes through the control cabinet and the frequency converter, the control cabinet is used to control the action, output stable and reliable power, and realize the control of the equipment. When the winch 12 is working, the water cooler provides circulating cooling water for cooling. When the winch 13 brakes, the hydraulic station provides braking power. The winch assembly 1 is connected to the lifting equipment 4 by the wire rope 3. The wire rope 3 is retracted and released by the winch 12 to realize the lifting and lowering action of the crane hook 47, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the heavy object.

[0067] When the winch assembly 1 is in operation, according to its vertical load conditions, i.e., the weight of the lifted heavy object, the deadweight of the winch assembly 1, and the single rope tension of the wire rope 3, counterweights 13 are added to the four corners of the winch base 11, or anchors are driven to fix the winch base 11 on the anchors. In this embodiment, counterweights 13 are provided on the winch base 11.

[0068] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the lifting equipment 4 is placed on the top of the tower 2. The lifting equipment 4 includes a rope guide frame 41, a lifting arm 46 and a hook 47. A pulley system is arranged on the lifting arm 46. The winch 12 and the wire rope 3 form a crane lifting rope system through the rope guide frame 41 and the pulley system. A hook 47 is arranged at the end of the wire rope 3. The winch 12 retracts and releases the wire rope 3 to achieve the lifting and lowering of the hook 47 and then realizes the lifting of heavy objects, thereby realizing the function of the crane lifting rope.

[0069] like Figures 8 to 12 As shown, the lifting equipment 4 also includes a lifting equipment base 43 and a turntable 44. The turntable 44 is inserted on the lifting equipment base 43. The turntable 44 rotates in a horizontal plane. A lifting arm 46 is arranged on the turntable 44. The combination of the turntable 44 and the hoisting rope system of the crane can be conveniently switched between different lifting positions.

[0070] One side of the turntable 44 is rotatably connected to the boom 46, and the other side is connected to the boom 46 via a luffing cylinder 45. The luffing cylinder 45 can adjust the lifting angle of the boom 46.

[0071] A hydraulic assembly 6 is provided on the lifting equipment base 43. The hydraulic assembly 6 includes a hydraulic station. The hydraulic station is fixed to the bracket by bolts. The hydraulic station is connected to the luffing cylinder 45 and the rotary reducer through a hydraulic oil pipe, thereby providing power for the lifting arm 46 and the turntable 44.

[0072] A conversion interface 7 is provided under the lifting equipment 4, and the lifting equipment 4 is connected to the cabin bottom plate 8 of the wind turbine through the conversion interface 7;

[0073] The conversion interface 7 includes a front column conversion interface 71, a clamping tool conversion interface 72 and a transition interface conversion interface 73, and the front column conversion interface 71 and the clamping tool conversion interface 72 are inserted under the transition interface conversion interface 73;

[0074] The transition interface conversion interface 73 is connected to the lifting equipment base 43, and the front column conversion interface 71 and the clamping tooling conversion interface 72 are connected to the cabin bottom plate 8;

[0075] The lifting equipment 4 also includes a man-passing platform 42 , and a rope guide frame 41 and a man-passing platform 42 are provided on the transition interface conversion interface 73 .

[0076] The specific steps of the method for using the crane for replacing wind turbine components are as follows:

[0077] First, the winch assembly 1 is arranged on the ground beside the tower 2 or on a platform at the bottom of the tower 2 or a low-altitude platform, and the components of the lifting equipment 4 are installed synchronously with the help of light lifting equipment (the weight of each component can be flexibly assembled according to the lifting capacity of the light lifting equipment), so that the equipment on and under the tower is in place;

[0078] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the front column conversion interface 71 and the clamping tool conversion interface 72 are connected to the cabin bottom plate 8 by bolts, and the clamping tool conversion interface 72 clamps the blade 9;

[0079] like Fig.15 As shown, the transition interface conversion interface 73 and the front column conversion interface 71 and the clamping tooling conversion interface 72 are connected by a pin shaft (bolt flange connection is also acceptable);

[0080] like Fig.16 As shown, the rope guide frame 41 and the transition interface conversion interface 73 are connected by a pin shaft (bolt flange connection is also acceptable), and the handrail and the rope guide frame 41 are connected by a pin shaft and bolts;

[0081] like Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, the man-passing platform 42 and the transition interface conversion interface 73 are connected by a pin and a bolt;

[0082] like Fig.19 As shown, the lifting equipment base 43 and the transition interface conversion interface 73 are connected by a pin shaft;

[0083] like Fig. 20 As shown, the turntable 44 and the lifting equipment base 43 are connected by a pin shaft (bolt flange connection is also acceptable);

[0084] The lifting arm 46 and the turntable 44 are connected by a pin shaft (bolt flange connection is also acceptable) and a luffing cylinder;

[0085] A pin is used to connect the pulley to the boom 46;

[0086] The hook 47 and the boom 46 are connected by a steel wire rope 3 with the aid of a pulley;

[0087] Then, using a towing winch or a light lifting device, the wire rope 3 on the winch 12 is connected to the pulley system of the lifting equipment 4 to form a lifting equipment 4 with a high lifting capacity, which can realize the lifting operation of large parts of the wind turbine;

[0088] After the operation is completed, it can be gradually dismantled.

[0089] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the utility model by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the utility model without departing from the scope of the utility model should be within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A crane for replacing wind turbine components, characterized in that: The crane comprises a winch assembly (1) and a lifting device (4), wherein the winch assembly (1) is placed at the lower part of a tower (2), and the lifting device (4) is placed at the upper part of the tower (2), and the winch assembly (1) is connected to the lifting device (4) via a steel wire rope (3); The lifting equipment (4) comprises a rope guide frame (41), a lifting arm (46) and a hook (47); a pulley system is arranged on the lifting arm (46); the winch (12) and the steel wire rope (3) form a crane hoisting rope system through the rope guide frame (41) and the pulley system; a hook (47) is arranged at the end of the steel wire rope (3); The lifting equipment (4) further comprises a lifting equipment base (43) and a turntable (44); the turntable (44) is inserted on the lifting equipment base (43); the turntable (44) rotates in a horizontal plane; a lifting arm (46) is arranged on the turntable (44); the lifting arm (46) is connected to the turntable (44) via a variable amplitude cylinder (45).

2. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winch assembly (1) is placed on the ground beside the tower (2), on a platform at the bottom of the tower (2), or on a low-altitude platform.

3. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winch assembly (1) comprises a winch base (11) and a winch (12); the winch assembly (1) is installed at the lower part of a tower (2) via the winch base (11); a winch (12), an electrical component (5) and a hydraulic component (6) are arranged on the winch base (11); and a steel wire rope (3) is wound around the winch (12).

4. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 3, characterized in that: A counterweight (13) is arranged on the winch base (11).

5. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting equipment (4) is placed on the top of the tower (2).

6. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the turntable (44) is rotatably connected to the boom (46), and the other side is connected to the boom (46) via a luffing cylinder (45).

7. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conversion interface (7) is provided under the lifting equipment (4), and the lifting equipment (4) is connected to the cabin bottom plate (8) of the wind turbine via the conversion interface (7).

8. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conversion interface (7) comprises a front column conversion interface (71), a clamping tool conversion interface (72) and a transition interface conversion interface (73), and the front column conversion interface (71) and the clamping tool conversion interface (72) are inserted under the transition interface conversion interface (73).

9. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transition interface conversion interface (73) is connected to the lifting equipment base (43), and the front column conversion interface (71) and the clamping tool conversion interface (72) are connected to the cabin bottom plate (8).

10. A crane for replacing wind turbine components according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting equipment (4) also includes a man-passing platform (42), and a rope guide frame (41) and a man-passing platform (42) are arranged on the transition interface conversion interface (73).

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