Punch hammer structure of high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a punch hammer structure of a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer, and relates to the field of geothermal drilling. The device comprises a piston rod, a butt joint and a punch hammer, inserting grooves are symmetrically formed in the two ends of the butt joint in a mirror symmetry mode, the inserting grooves are coaxially formed in the butt joint, and the diameter of a groove opening in the depth direction of each inserting groove is larger than that of the bottom of each inserting groove; plugs are arranged on the outer wall of the punch hammer and the outer wall of the piston rod, correspond to the insertion grooves in shape and are connected with the insertion grooves in an inserted mode; the outer wall of the punch hammer is sleeved with a sleeve, and a lubricating groove is formed in the end face of the sleeve and filled with lubricating oil. The utility model has the benefits that the butt joint is connected with the piston rod and the punch hammer through the slot, the conical surface structure of the slot enables the piston rod and the punch hammer to be more firmly connected with the butt joint along with the impact operation, and the punch hammer impacts and lubricates the hammer head through the sleeve, so that the abrasion is reduced, the use performance is improved, the sleeve is easy to disassemble, assemble and replace, and the use cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of geothermal drilling, relates to the field of geothermal drilling tools, and specifically relates to a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure. Background Art

[0002] Geothermal energy is a clean energy that is widely distributed, abundant, renewable, pollution-free, and has great development potential. Deep geothermal drilling often encounters hard rock formations such as granite. Conventional drilling methods have low drilling efficiency, while the cost of using pneumatic down-the-hole hammers is high and has poor adaptability to formations with large water output and unstable well walls. The use of high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer drilling can make up for the shortcomings of pneumatic down-the-hole hammer drilling.

[0003] The high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer uses the energy in the flushing fluid supplied by the mud pump during the drilling process to directly drive the hammer inside the hydraulic hammer to form up and down reciprocating motion, and continuously applies an impact load of a certain frequency to the hammer head of the lower drill bit, thereby achieving impact rotary drilling.

[0004] When the hammer is driven to impact the hammer head, the piston rod and the hammer are connected in a threaded connection, and then the hammer is driven to impact the hammer head. The contact between the hammer and the hammer head will cause wear, which will affect the performance and reduce the service life. Moreover, the integrated structure of the hammer needs to be replaced as a whole after wear, which increases the cost of use. In addition, since the final impact velocity of the hammer is as high as 6.5m / s to 8m / s, the hardness of the traditional hammer structure is only about HRC45. During the working process, the end of the hammer hitting the hammer head is prone to plastic deformation, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the down-the-hole hammer and a decrease in drilling efficiency. At the same time, due to the high impact force of the hammer, the traditional threaded connection method between the hammer and the piston rod has poor connection performance, which can easily cause the piston rod and the hammer to become disconnected, affecting the performance. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure to solve the technical problems of poor connection performance between the piston rod and the hammer and poor performance of the hammer. The butt joint connects the piston rod and the hammer through a slot, and the conical surface structure of the slot makes the piston rod and the hammer more firmly connected to the butt joint as the impact operation progresses. The hammer impacts the hammer head through a sleeve and performs lubrication treatment, which reduces wear and improves performance. The sleeve is easy to disassemble and replace, and reduces the cost of use.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure, including a piston rod, a butt joint and a hammer, slots are arranged in mirror symmetry at both ends of the butt joint, the slots are coaxially arranged on the butt joint, and the slot diameter along the depth direction is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the slot; plugs are arranged on the outer wall of the hammer and the outer wall of the piston rod, the plugs correspond to the shape of the slots, and the plugs are respectively plugged into the slots; a sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the hammer, a lubrication groove is arranged on the end face of the sleeve, and the lubrication groove is filled with lubricating oil.

[0007] The hammer is assembled with the piston rod through a butt joint, and slots are provided at both ends of the butt joint in mirror symmetry. The hammer and the piston rod are connected with the slots through a plug. The conical structure of the slot has an opening diameter larger than the bottom diameter of the slot, so that the width of the slot along the depth direction gradually decreases. The shape of the plug corresponds to that of the slot. After the plug is inserted into the bottom of the slot, the slot wall contracts to enhance the connection strength with the plug, and when the hammer is driven to impact the hammer head, the plug is inserted into the slot to increase the connection strength. That is, when the hammer and the piston rod are performing an impact operation, the connection strength with the butt joint is enhanced, thereby improving the reliability of operation. The hammer impacts the hammer head through the sleeve sleeved on its outer wall. While the sleeve ensures the performance, the lubricating oil in the lubrication groove on its bottom is distributed on the contact surface between the sleeve and the hammer head with the impact, forming a lubricating film, reducing its contact wear and extending its service life.

[0008] To further optimize the technical solution, the sleeve is a stainless steel sleeve, the stainless steel sleeve is threadedly connected to the hammer, and the thickness of the stainless steel sleeve is 1.5-2 mm.

[0009] Stainless steel is mainly composed of iron, chromium, nickel and other elements, and heat treatment is used during its production. Heat treatment changes the crystal structure, internal stress and organizational state of the stainless steel material, transforms the austenite in the stainless steel into martensite, improves the hardness and strength of the sleeve, and enables the sleeve to maintain high mechanical properties during impact operations. The chromium in the stainless steel material will combine with oxygen to form a dense chromium oxide film on the surface of the stainless steel, which can prevent oxygen and moisture from corroding the stainless steel, thereby giving the stainless steel good corrosion resistance and providing protection for operation in harsh environments.

[0010] To further optimize the technical solution, the outer wall of the hammer is provided with an external thread, the hammer is threadably connected to the stainless steel sleeve via the external thread, and an anti-loosening agent is applied to the external thread.

[0011] The sleeve and the hammer are connected by threads, which is easy to assemble. The connecting surfaces of the sleeve and the hammer are bonded and fixed by applying an anti-loosening agent, which improves the assembly connection strength and ensures the reliability of use.

[0012] To further optimize the technical solution, the anti-loosening agent is epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive.

[0013] Epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive is mainly composed of epoxy resin and curing agent. After mixing, they are brushed on the external thread, and then the stainless steel sleeve is connected to the hammer thread. After the stainless steel sleeve is put into place along the hammer, the connection surface is sealed, so the curing agent in the epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive begins to react. The curing agent opens the ring of the epoxy resin through an electron transfer reaction, and undergoes a nucleophilic addition reaction with the epoxy resin to form a chemical bond, thereby bonding the hammer and the stainless steel sleeve together, enhancing the connection strength and ensuring the performance.

[0014] To further optimize the technical solution, the lubrication groove includes an annular groove coaxially arranged on the bottom surface of the sleeve and wire grooves divergently distributed around the groove, and the wire grooves are all connected to the groove.

[0015] The interconnected grooves and wire grooves increase the contact area between the bottom surface of the sleeve and the contact surface of the hammer, so that the lubricating oil can be evenly distributed on the contact surface, increasing the dispersion and coverage area of ​​the lubricating oil and improving the lubrication protection effect.

[0016] To further optimize the technical solution, an annular fiber gasket is sleeved in the groove, and the fiber gasket is fixedly connected to the groove by means of an assembly part.

[0017] The fiber gasket in the groove absorbs and stores the lubricating oil in the groove, thereby reducing excessive loss of lubricating oil due to the impact of the hammer and reducing the cost of use.

[0018] To further optimize the technical solution, the assembly includes a threaded groove arranged circumferentially in the groove, the threaded grooves are threaded with screws, the screws penetrate the fiber gasket, and the heads of the screws abut against the end faces of the fiber gasket.

[0019] The fiber gasket is threadedly connected to the thread groove in the groove through a screw to be tightened and fixed, so as to prevent the fiber gasket from being thrown out with the operation of the hammer, thereby improving the safety of use.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0021] 1. When the hammer is assembled with the piston rod through the butt joint, the hammer and the piston rod are plugged into the slot on the butt joint through the plug. The slot is a conical structure with a gradually decreasing width along the depth direction. After the plug fits the inner wall of the slot, the plug-in fit becomes tighter as the plug is inserted, thereby enhancing the firmness of the plug-in. Therefore, when the hammer is driven to impact, the hammer, the piston rod and the butt joint are assembled with the impact, making the assembly firm and improving the reliability of use.

[0022] 2. The hammer impacts the hammer head through the stainless steel sleeve connected by its external thread. The high strength and corrosion resistance of the stainless steel sleeve ensure its performance. The sleeve and the hammer are bonded and fixed by epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive to enhance its assembly strength and make it safe and reliable to use.

[0023] 3. When the bottom surface of the sleeve contacts and impacts the hammer head, the lubricating oil in the lubrication groove on the bottom surface of the sleeve splashes and distributes on the contact surface between the sleeve and the hammer head, forming a lubricating film, reducing its contact wear and extending its service life. The grooves and wire grooves on the bottom surface of the sleeve that are connected to each other increase the contact area with the hammer head, so that the lubricating oil can be evenly distributed on the contact surface, increasing the dispersion and coverage area of ​​the lubricating oil, and improving the lubrication protection effect;

[0024] 4. The fiber gasket absorbs and stores lubricating oil in the groove, reducing excessive consumption of lubricating oil due to the impact of the hammer and reducing the cost of use. The fiber gasket is threadedly connected to the thread groove in the groove by a screw to fix the fiber gasket in the groove, preventing the fiber gasket from being thrown out by the impact of the hammer, thereby improving safety in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure of this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the hammer and sleeve assembly of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the piston rod and the hammer and the butt joint of this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the butt joint of this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom surface of the sleeve of this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber gasket of this embodiment.

[0031] In the figure, 1, piston rod; 2, butt joint; 201, slot; 3, hammer; 301, external thread; 4, plug; 5, sleeve; 6, lubrication groove; 601, annular groove; 6011, thread groove; 6012, screw; 602, wire groove; 7, fiber gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0033] Please see attached Figure 1-4A high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure comprises a piston rod 1, a hammer 3 and a butt joint 2 for connecting the piston rod 1 and the hammer 3. Slots 201 are arranged at both ends of the butt joint 2 in mirror symmetry. The slot 201 is coaxially arranged on the butt joint 2, and the slot diameter of the slot 201 along the depth direction is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the slot 201, that is, the cross-section of the slot 201 is a trapezoidal structure, the open end thereof is wider, and the bottom of the slot 201 is narrower. Plugs 4 are arranged on the outer walls of the hammer 3 and the piston rod 1, and the plug 4 corresponds to the shape of the socket, and the sockets are respectively plugged into the slots 201 on both sides of the butt joint 2. The slot 201 has a large diameter, so that the plug 4 is convenient to be plugged in therewith. As the plug 4 is inserted into the slot 201, it will be gradually compressed by the side wall of the slot 201, so as to achieve a close fit and enhance the firmness of the plugging.

[0034] Please refer to the attached Figure 1-2 The outer wall of the hammer 3 is sleeved with a sleeve 5, and the sleeve 5 is a stainless steel sleeve 5. Stainless steel is mainly composed of iron, chromium, nickel and other elements. When stainless steel is manufactured, it is produced by forging and heat treatment processes. Heat treatment will change the crystal structure, internal stress and organizational state of the material, so that the austenite in the stainless steel is transformed into martensite, and the hardness and strength of the sleeve 5 are improved, so that the sleeve 5 maintains high mechanical properties when performing impact operations, and the preferred thickness of the stainless steel sleeve 5 is 2mm to ensure the use strength of the stainless steel sleeve 5, and the chromium in the stainless steel material will combine with oxygen to form a dense chromium oxide film on the surface of the stainless steel, which can prevent oxygen and moisture from corroding the stainless steel, thereby giving the stainless steel good corrosion resistance and providing protection for operation and use in harsh environments;

[0035] Please refer to the attached Figure 2-3 The stainless steel sleeve 5 is threadedly connected to the hammer 3. The outer wall of the hammer 3 is provided with an external thread 301. The stainless steel sleeve 5 is threadedly connected to the hammer 3 through the external thread 301, and the external thread 301 is coated with an anti-loosening agent. The anti-loosening agent is used to bond the stainless steel sleeve 5 and the hammer 3 to prevent them from loosening and detaching, which affects the impact operation. The anti-loosening agent can be epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive. The epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive is mainly composed of epoxy resin and curing agent. The epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive is mixed and brushed on the external thread 301, and then the stainless steel sleeve 5 is threadedly connected to the hammer 3. After the stainless steel sleeve 5 is sleeved into place along the hammer 3, the curing agent in the epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive begins to react because the connection surface is sealed. The curing agent opens the ring of the epoxy resin through an electron transfer reaction, and undergoes a nucleophilic addition reaction with the epoxy resin to form a chemical bond, thereby bonding the hammer 3 and the stainless steel sleeve 5 together to ensure the reliability of use.

[0036] Please refer to the attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 5A lubrication groove 6 is arranged on the end face at the bottom of the sleeve 5, and the lubrication groove 6 is filled with lubricating oil. When the sleeve 5 impacts the hammer head with the hammer 3 to perform drilling operation, the lubricating oil splashes and is distributed on the contact surface between the sleeve 5 and the hammer head, thereby forming a lubricating film on the contact surface. The lubricating film reduces the friction and wear between the sleeve 5 and the hammer head, prolongs its service life, and reduces the cost of use. The lubrication groove 6 is an annular groove 601 coaxially arranged on the bottom surface of the sleeve 5, and wire grooves 602 are divergently distributed on the circumferential side of the groove, and the wire grooves 602 are all connected to the groove. The arrangement of the groove and the wire groove 602 increases the contact area with the hammer head, so that the lubricating oil can be evenly distributed on the contact surface, increases the dispersion and coverage area of ​​the lubricating oil, and improves the lubrication protection effect.

[0037] Please see attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 6 , an annular fiber gasket 7 is sleeved in the groove, and the fiber gasket 7 absorbs and stores the lubricating oil in the groove, reducing the excessive use of the lubricating oil due to being thrown out by the impact of the hammer 3, significantly reducing the consumption of lubricating oil, and reducing the cost of use. The fiber gasket 7 is fixedly assembled with the groove by means of an assembly part to prevent the hammer 3 from throwing out the fiber pad during operation and interfering with the operation of the equipment. The assembly part is a threaded groove 6011 arranged in the groove. The threaded groove 6011 is arranged in a plurality and distributed circumferentially along the groove to enhance the assembly strength of the limiting gasket. The threaded groove 6011 is threadedly connected with a screw 6012, which passes through the fiber gasket 7, and the head of the screw 6012 abuts against the end face of the fiber gasket 7, so as to fix the limiting gasket in the groove to ensure the use strength and reliability.

[0038] The working principle of the high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure is as follows: the stainless steel sleeve 5 is set with the hammer 3 in a threaded connection mode, and is bonded and fixed with the help of epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive to enhance the set connection strength, and then the lubricating oil is filled into the lubrication groove 6 on the bottom surface of the sleeve 5, the hammer 3 is connected to the piston rod 1 through the docking joint 2, and the plug 4 on the hammer 3 and the connecting rod are inserted into the slot 201 on the docking joint 2. When the piston rod 1 drives the hammer 3 to impact the hammer head, the conical surface structure of the slot 201, along with the impact of the hammer 3, causes the piston rod 1 and the plug 4 of the hammer 3 to move into the slot 201, and the width of the slot 201 along the depth direction is reduced, so that the side wall of the slot 201 compresses the plug 4 to achieve a close fit, and the connection strength is enhanced with the impact, thereby improving the reliability of use;

[0039] The hammer 3 impacts the hammer head through its external stainless steel sleeve 5. Stainless steel has high strength and corrosion resistance to ensure performance. After the stainless steel sleeve 5 is damaged, it can be disassembled and replaced without replacing the hammer 3, thereby reducing the cost of use. The lubricating oil in the lubrication groove 6 on the bottom surface of the sleeve 5 is splashed and distributed on the contact surface between the sleeve 5 and the hammer head with the impact, forming a lubricating film, reducing its contact wear and extending its service life. The groove on the bottom surface of the sleeve 5 and the divergently distributed wire groove 602 increase the contact area with the hammer head, and can make the lubricating oil evenly distributed on the contact surface, increase the dispersion and coverage of the lubricating oil, and improve the lubrication and friction reduction effect. The lubricating oil is absorbed and stored by assembling a fiber gasket in the groove, which can reduce the excessive consumption of the lubricating oil in the groove with the impact of the hammer 3, significantly reduce the consumption of lubricating oil, and reduce the cost of use.

Claims

1. A high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure, comprising a piston rod (1), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a butt joint (2) and a hammer (3), wherein slots (201) are arranged in mirror symmetry at both ends of the butt joint (2), the slots (201) are coaxially arranged on the butt joint (2), and the notch diameter of the slots (201) along the depth direction is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the slots (201); plugs (4) are arranged on the outer wall of the hammer (3) and the outer wall of the piston rod (1), the plugs (4) correspond to the shapes of the slots (201), and the plugs (4) are respectively plugged into the slots (201); a sleeve (5) is sleeved on the outer wall of the hammer (3), and a lubrication groove (6) is arranged on the end surface of the sleeve (5), and the lubrication groove (6) is filled with lubricating oil.

2. A high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (5) is a stainless steel sleeve (5), the stainless steel sleeve (5) is threadedly connected to the hammer (3), and the thickness of the stainless steel sleeve (5) is 1.5-2 mm.

3. A high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the hammer (3) is provided with an external thread (301), the hammer (3) is threadedly connected to the stainless steel sleeve (5) via the external thread (301), and an anti-loosening agent is applied on the external thread (301).

4. A high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-loosening agent is epoxy resin anaerobic adhesive.

5. A high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubrication groove (6) comprises an annular groove (601) coaxially arranged on the bottom surface of the sleeve (5) and linear grooves (602) divergently distributed around the groove, and the linear grooves (602) are all connected to the groove.

6. A high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular fiber gasket (7) is sleeved in the groove, and the fiber gasket (7) is fixedly connected to the groove by means of an assembly part.

7. A high-energy hydraulic down-the-hole hammer structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The assembly part comprises a threaded groove (6011) arranged in a circumferential direction in the groove, and screws (6012) are threadedly connected in the threaded groove (6011). The screws (6012) penetrate the fiber gasket (7), and the heads of the screws (6012) abut against the end faces of the fiber gasket (7).

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