Pyrolysis drum

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pyrolysis drum which comprises a pyrolysis drum body, a guide plate I, a guide plate II, a mesh screen, a guide plate III, a rotating shaft and an angle regulator, the guide plate I and the guide plate II are arranged in the pyrolysis drum body, and the first end of the guide plate I is arranged close to the first end of the pyrolysis drum body; a discharge chute is formed between the outer wall and the second end of the mesh screen and the inner wall of the pyrolysis drum body; one end of a guide plate III is arranged in the discharge hole; the rotating shaft is mounted at the axis of the pyrolysis drum body; and the adjusting end of the angle adjuster is connected with the rotating shaft at the second end of the pyrolysis drum body. The inclination angle between the pyrolysis drum body and the horizontal plane can be adjusted through the angle adjuster, three guide plates and the mesh screen are arranged in the pyrolysis drum body, and the mesh screen releases qualified pyrolysis products and throws back unqualified pyrolysis products, so that it is guaranteed that the water content, the component composition and the particle size of discharged materials all meet the quality requirements, and secondary treatment of the discharged materials is avoided; in addition, by adjusting the angle of the pyrolysis drum, different friction angles required by different biomass / organic matters can be adapted, so that the quality of discharged materials is uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass (organic matter) processing and utilization, in particular to a pyrolysis drum. Background Art

[0002] Pyrolysis is a technology that decomposes organic matter in an environment that is isolated from oxygen. It is divided into low-temperature pyrolysis (450~600 C°), medium-temperature pyrolysis (600-1000 C°) and high-temperature pyrolysis (above 1000 C°) according to the working temperature. During the pyrolysis process, carbon-containing substances (such as sludge, garbage, and straw) are carbonized, so pyrolysis is also called carbonization in some occasions. Pyrolysis technically covers carbonization.

[0003] The products of pyrolysis include solid phase (biochar, activated carbon, carbon black, etc., hereinafter referred to as pyrolysis residue), liquid phase (tar, wastewater, etc.) and gas phase (pyrolysis gas, containing carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, with a certain calorific value, also called pyrolysis fuel gas). Different temperatures will produce different product compositions, so there are different optimal temperature ranges for different feeds.

[0004] There are two types of pyrolysis equipment: horizontal and vertical. The horizontal pyrolysis drum rotates at a certain speed, and the material is constantly turned in it. In addition to the chemical composition of the material, the moisture content is an important factor. Due to the fluctuations in the moisture content and composition of the feed, the heating intensity of the pyrolysis drum, etc., the uniformity of the pyrolysis residue fluctuates, such as the appearance of larger pieces of residue. These comprehensive factors determine the physical and chemical properties of the pyrolysis residue at the outlet of the pyrolysis drum, such as moisture content, particle size, friction angle, etc.

[0005] Solid-phase pyrolysis products (especially when the target product is activated carbon, carbon black, etc.) have added value and can be used for purposes such as adsorption, filtration and fertilizer production. If they are to be sold as commodities, people must have requirements for their uniformity. Uniformity includes physical, chemical and geometric aspects.

[0006] Chinese Patent Document 1, "CN201910782668.9 A Garbage Pyrolysis System with Adjustable Slag Discharge Port": Its structure includes: a conversion port body, a gas supply pipe, a pyrolysis furnace, a feed hopper, a gas conversion pipe, a washing tower, and a sedimentation tank. The gas conversion pipe is installed on the upper right side of the washing tower and is locked with the washing tower. A pyrolysis furnace is provided on the left side of the washing tower. The pyrolysis furnace is buckled with the washing tower, so that when the equipment is used, the adjustment mechanism is provided, so that the present invention can avoid the need for sedimentation and cold treatment of garbage after pyrolysis. The invention enables the equipment to directly adjust and control the fall of garbage, indirectly increasing the utilization rate of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0007] Chinese Patent Document 2, "CN201920097058.0 A rotatable low-temperature pyrolysis furnace for domestic waste": The pyrolysis furnace body of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a garbage feed port and a smoke outlet, the upper end of the ash hopper is connected to the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace body, and the lower end is connected to the automatic ash unloading flat valve. The automatic ash unloading flat valve is connected to the bottom end of the ash hopper. The bottom plate of the pyrolysis cone is welded and fixed to the axial upper ring of the bearing turntable, the stirring device is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the pyrolysis cone, the air distribution device is fixedly connected to the pyrolysis cone, the axial upper ring of the bearing turntable is welded and fixed to the bottom ring of the pyrolysis cone, the axial lower ring of the bearing turntable is welded and fixed to the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace body, and the driving device cooperates with the radial gear ring of the bearing turntable. The invention has the advantages of adjustable garbage layer in the furnace, uniform pyrolysis of garbage and extended equipment service life.

[0008] The goals of these two inventions are to solve the problems of slag discharge and thickness adjustment of garbage layer in the furnace, and both have the meaning of improving efficiency and ensuring the quality of discharge. However, when different biomass (straw, sludge, garden garbage, etc.) and the organic part of domestic garbage are processed, the internal friction angles of the solid phase products are different, which will lead to inconsistent moisture content, composition and particle size of the discharge, affecting the subsequent unified use.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a pyrolysis drum to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of the utility model is to design a pyrolysis drum in order to solve the above problems.

[0011] The utility model achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0012] A pyrolysis drum comprising:

[0013] The pyrolysis drum body is formed into a barrel-shaped structure with an empty interior, a feed port is provided at the first end of the pyrolysis drum body, and a discharge port is provided at the second end of the pyrolysis drum body, and the discharge port is provided higher than the feed port;

[0014] Guide plate I; the guide plate I is formed in a spiral shape, and the guide plate I is arranged in the pyrolysis drum body, and the first end of the guide plate I is arranged close to the first end of the pyrolysis drum body;

[0015] Guide plate II; guide plate II is formed into a curved shape, guide plate II is disposed in the pyrolysis drum, and a first end of guide plate II is disposed close to a second end of guide plate I;

[0016] The mesh screen is arranged in the pyrolysis drum, the first end of the mesh screen is provided with an opening, and the second end of the guide plate II extends into the mesh screen;

[0017] Guide plate III; a discharge trough is formed between the outer wall of the mesh screen and its second end and the inner wall of the pyrolysis drum, and the guide plate III is installed in the discharge trough, and one end of the guide plate III is placed in the discharge port;

[0018] Rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is installed at the axis center line of the pyrolysis drum;

[0019] An angle adjuster is used to adjust the inclination of the pyrolysis drum; the adjusting end of the angle adjuster is connected to the rotating shaft at the second end of the pyrolysis drum.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of heavy balls are placed in the pyrolysis drum body where the guide plate I is set.

[0021] Preferably, the side wall of the mesh is formed into a conical surface, and 1-3 mesh protrusions are arranged on the side wall of the mesh along the circumferential direction.

[0022] Preferably, guide plate I, guide plate II and guide plate III are all fixed on the inner side wall of the pyrolysis drum.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0024] In the present application, the inclination angle of the pyrolysis drum and the horizontal plane can be adjusted by an angle adjuster. There are three guide plates and mesh screens inside. The mesh screens release qualified pyrolysis products and throw back unqualified ones, thereby ensuring that the moisture content, component composition and particle size of the output meet the quality requirements and avoiding secondary processing of the output. In addition, by adjusting the angle of the pyrolysis drum, different friction angles required by different biomass / organic matter can be adapted, so that the output quality is uniform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mesh screen in this application; a is the main view, b is the side view.

[0027] In the figure: 1 pyrolysis drum body, 2 feeding mechanism, 3 discharging mechanism, 4 rotating shaft, 5 mesh screen, 6 guide plate I, 7 guide plate II, 8 guide plate III, 9 angle adjuster, 10 mesh screen protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, or are directions or positional relationships that are usually understood by those skilled in the art. These directions or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "setting" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] The specific implementation of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a pyrolysis drum comprises:

[0036] The pyrolysis drum body 1 is formed into a barrel-shaped structure with an empty interior, a feed port is provided at the first end of the pyrolysis drum body 1, and a discharge port is provided at the second end of the pyrolysis drum body 1, and the discharge port is provided higher than the feed port;

[0037] Guide plate Ⅰ6; the guide plate Ⅰ6 is formed in a spiral shape, and the guide plate Ⅰ6 is arranged in the pyrolysis drum body 1, and the first end of the guide plate Ⅰ6 is arranged close to the first end of the pyrolysis drum body 1;

[0038] Guide plate II 7; guide plate II 7 is formed into a curved shape, and guide plate II 7 is disposed in the pyrolysis drum 1, and a first end of guide plate II 7 is disposed close to a second end of guide plate I 6;

[0039] The mesh screen 5 is arranged in the pyrolysis drum 1, the first end of the mesh screen 5 is provided with an opening, and the second end of the guide plate II 7 extends into the mesh screen 5; generally, we choose a mesh screen 5 with a larger slope;

[0040] The outer wall of the mesh screen 5 and its second end form a discharge trough with the inner wall of the pyrolysis drum 1, and the guide plate III8 is installed in the discharge trough, and one end of the guide plate III8 is placed in the discharge port;

[0041] Rotating shaft 4; the rotating shaft 4 is installed at the axis of the pyrolysis drum 1; one end of the rotating shaft 4 is connected to a power output mechanism, generally a motor;

[0042] An angle adjuster 9 is used to adjust the inclination of the pyrolysis drum 1 ; the adjusting end of the angle adjuster 9 is connected to the rotating shaft 4 at the second end of the pyrolysis drum 1 .

[0043] In some embodiments, a plurality of heavy balls are placed in the pyrolysis drum 1 at the location where the guide plate 16 is provided. The purpose of providing the plurality of heavy balls is to enhance the crushing effect and increase the friction on the material.

[0044] In some embodiments, the side wall of the mesh 5 is formed into a conical surface, and the side wall of the mesh 5 is provided with 1-3 mesh protrusions 10 along the circumferential direction. Figure 2 The above-mentioned embodiment shows a situation of a mesh protrusion 10 .

[0045] In some embodiments, guide plate I6 , guide plate II7 , and guide plate III8 are all fixed on the inner wall of the pyrolysis drum 1 .

[0046] In some embodiments, a feeding mechanism 2 is provided at the feeding port of the pyrolysis drum 1 for feeding, and a discharging mechanism 3 is provided at the discharging port of the pyrolysis drum 1 for discharging.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the spatial position of the pyrolysis drum of the present application is neither horizontal nor vertical, but somewhere in between, and the inclination angle is adjustable. Since the inclination angle is not large under normal working conditions, it is closer to horizontal (for the sake of simplicity, the three-dimensional expression is omitted, and the figure is only for illustration, showing only the components related to the present invention, and conventional systems such as transmission, heating, sensing, gas extraction, and waste liquid collection are not drawn);

[0048] In the present application, the purpose of adjusting the inclination angle of the pyrolysis drum is to ensure that the solid phase product reaching the discharge port reaches the set moisture content. The particle size and moisture content of this type of solid phase product are directly related. In order to maintain uniform particle size and quality of the discharge, the moisture content must be controlled at a certain value. Too high or too low a moisture content can lead to excessive particle size or even agglomeration. Because the moisture content of the feed is generally high, the formation of agglomerates is often because the moisture content of the solid phase product reaching the discharge port is still high, so the following description is mainly for this situation;

[0049] A guide plate Ⅰ6 is arranged along the inner wall of the pyrolysis drum, so that the material moves continuously toward the discharge port as the pyrolysis drum rotates, and when it reaches the vicinity of the discharge port, it automatically falls into the discharge screen 5 through the guide plate Ⅱ7. Figure 1 The middle guide plate II 7 partially extends into the inlet cross section of the mesh screen 5). The mesh screen 5 is coaxially fixed to the pyrolysis drum and rotates with the pyrolysis drum. Its function is to receive and separate solid products of different particle sizes. The undersize is a qualified product and falls into the discharge chute, and is then guided by the guide plate III 8 to be transported to the discharge port and discharged from the pyrolysis drum; the oversize with larger particle size is intercepted and thrown back to the pyrolysis drum to mix with the material in the drum. The throwing distance and height can ensure that the material has sufficient mixing time, and it falls and breaks repeatedly with the spiral movement. In order to enhance the crushing effect, a number of heavy balls can be placed in the drum; since the internal friction angles of the pyrolysis products obtained from different feeds are different, the angle of the pyrolysis drum can be adjusted to adapt to the uniform discharge quality;

[0050] The purpose of the present invention is to provide high-end pyrolysis products, whose physical and chemical indicators and geometric indicators are highly uniform, and can be directly bagged and stored, thus avoiding secondary processing of the products. Since there is basically no waste, the utilization rate of raw materials is extremely high;

[0051] The production operation of this application is carried out according to the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Pre-treat the material so that its size, moisture content, etc. meet the requirements of the operating procedures. The treated material enters the feed bin or feed pit;

[0053] Step 2, adjusting the pyrolysis drum inclination angle q according to the type of material and the quality requirements of the output material;

[0054] Step 3, start the startup process, the preheating system starts working and raises the temperature inside the pyrolysis drum 1 to 600 degrees;

[0055] Step 4: The grab bucket delivers the material to the feed port, and the feed mechanism delivers the material into the pyrolysis drum 1. During the delivery process, air is prevented from directly entering the pyrolysis drum 1;

[0056] Step 5, the material tumbles in the pyrolysis drum 1. Due to the action of the guide plate Ⅰ 6 (multiple), the material moves toward the mesh screen 5. In this process, long-chain molecules are gradually converted into short chains, forming pyrolysis residues, waste liquid and pyrolysis gas;

[0057] Step 6, the pyrolysis residue is guided by the guide plate II 7 to the mesh screen 5, and is divided into the undersize and oversize. The undersize indicates that the moisture content, chemical composition and particle size meet the requirements; the moisture content and pyrolysis degree of the oversize are not enough, resulting in agglomeration. The agglomerate is thrown back by the mesh screen 5, mixed with the rest of the material and then continues to be pyrolyzed;

[0058] Step 7, the undersize material with uniform quality is discharged from the discharge port through the guide plate III 8. It has uniform texture and can be directly bagged without the need for crushing, screening, etc. During the removal process, air is prevented from entering the pyrolysis drum 1;

[0059] Step 8: The pyrolysis waste liquid and fuel gas are collected through their respective channels. The waste liquid enters the sewage station for treatment, and the fuel gas enters the gas tank for storage, which can be used for power generation and heating to meet production needs.

[0060] A mesh screen 5 is arranged inside the pyrolysis drum 1, fixed coaxially with the pyrolysis drum 1 and rotated synchronously. The mesh size is changed according to the requirements of the output product. The material under the screen is the finished product, which has uniform physical, chemical and geometric characteristics and can be directly bagged after being exported without secondary treatment; the material over the screen is returned to the pyrolysis drum 1 for further processing.

[0061] In the present application, the mesh size of the mesh screen 5 is adjustable to meet the needs of different customers.

[0062] In the present application, several different types of guide plates are arranged along the wall or axis in the pyrolysis drum 1, guide plate I6 is used to guide the material to move toward the mesh screen 5; guide plate II7 is used to guide the material into the mesh screen 5; guide plate III8 is used to guide the material under the screen into the discharging mechanism. All guide plates are three-dimensional curved surface guide plates.

[0063] The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis drum, characterized in that: include: Pyrolysis drum body; The pyrolysis drum body is formed into a barrel-shaped structure with a hollow interior, a feed inlet is provided at the first end of the pyrolysis drum body, and a discharge outlet is provided at the second end of the pyrolysis drum body, and the discharge outlet is provided higher than the feed inlet; Guide plate I; the guide plate I is formed in a spiral shape, and the guide plate I is arranged in the pyrolysis drum body, and the first end of the guide plate I is arranged close to the first end of the pyrolysis drum body; Guide plate II; The guide plate II is formed into a curved surface shape, and the guide plate II is arranged in the pyrolysis drum body, and the first end of the guide plate II is arranged close to the second end of the guide plate I; The mesh screen is arranged in the pyrolysis drum, the first end of the mesh screen is provided with an opening, and the second end of the guide plate II extends into the mesh screen; Guide plate III; a discharge trough is formed between the outer wall of the mesh screen and its second end and the inner wall of the pyrolysis drum, and the guide plate III is installed in the discharge trough, and one end of the guide plate III is placed in the discharge port; Rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is installed at the axis center line of the pyrolysis drum; An angle adjuster is used to adjust the inclination of the pyrolysis drum; the adjusting end of the angle adjuster is connected to the rotating shaft at the second end of the pyrolysis drum.

2. A pyrolysis drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of heavy balls are placed in the pyrolysis drum at the location where the guide plate I is set.

3. A pyrolysis drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the mesh screen is formed into a conical surface, and 1-3 mesh screen protrusions are arranged on the side wall of the mesh screen along the circumferential direction.

4. A pyrolysis drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide plate I, guide plate II and guide plate III are all fixed on the inner side wall of the pyrolysis drum.

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