Hydrogen energy storage and transportation system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a hydrogen energy storage and transportation system. Comprising an oil storage and hydrogenation system, a hydrogen oil storage and transportation system and a hydrogen oil dehydrogenation system, the oil storage and hydrogenation system is used for converting input hydrogen into hydrogen oil, the hydrogen oil storage and transportation system is used for storing and transporting the hydrogen oil, and the hydrogen oil dehydrogenation system is used for dehydrogenation of the hydrogen oil. And safe storage and transportation of hydrogen from a production site to a user can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy, and in particular to a hydrogen energy storage and transportation system. Background Art

[0002] Due to the limited storage and non-renewable nature of fossil fuels, the world may face serious energy problems in the future, and the development of new renewable energy sources is urgent. Hydrogen is one of the most common elements in nature and can be produced from renewable raw materials such as water, biomass or biogas. The energy density of hydrogen is as high as 120MJkg-1, and the calorific value of hydrogen is 142351kJ / kg, which is three times that of gasoline.

[0003] At present, the main hydrogen production technologies include biohydrogen production and water electrolysis. Water electrolysis uses water as a hydrogen source to electrolyze hydrogen and oxygen, and then burns hydrogen to get water again. This green cycle process reflects the advantages of hydrogen energy. However, most of the electricity used for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen comes from fossil energy generation, which is not only costly, but also produces harmful gases that are unfavorable to the environment.

[0004] At room temperature and pressure, hydrogen is gaseous, low in density, flammable, explosive, and easy to diffuse. It is difficult to achieve safe storage and transportation of hydrogen under mild conditions. Therefore, the storage and transportation of hydrogen has always been a bottleneck restricting the development of hydrogen energy. The existing hydrogen storage technologies each have certain shortcomings and cannot fully meet the needs of the future hydrogen energy economy. The efficiency of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is very low. Even when pressurized to 30MPa, the mass hydrogen storage density is still less than 3%. In addition, there are unsafe factors such as container explosion and hydrogen leakage during transportation and use. Low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage technology must be equipped with corresponding cooling devices, so its mass hydrogen storage density is limited. In addition, cooling gaseous hydrogen into liquid hydrogen requires a large amount of energy. In order to maintain a low-temperature environment, energy equivalent to 30% of the mass energy of liquid hydrogen will be consumed, resulting in a high cost of this hydrogen storage method. For metal hydride hydrogen storage, the lattice structure of most metal hydrides is easily destroyed after several hydrogenation cycles. Among the many hydrogen storage materials, organic liquid hydrogen storage materials have a lower dehydrogenation temperature and a higher hydrogen storage capacity. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a hydrogen energy storage and transportation system to address the defects of the prior art, which can realize the safe storage and transportation of hydrogen from the production site to the user.

[0006] The utility model discloses a hydrogen energy storage and transportation system, comprising an oil storage and hydrogenation system, a hydrogen-oil storage and transportation system and a hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system. The oil storage and hydrogenation system is used to convert input hydrogen into hydrogen-oil, the hydrogen-oil storage and transportation system is used to store and transport the hydrogen-oil, and the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system is used to dehydrogenate the hydrogen-oil.

[0007] Preferably, it further comprises a hydrogen power generation system and an electricity consumption system, and the power output end of the hydrogen power generation system is connected to the electricity consumption system.

[0008] Preferably, the hydrogen power generation system is a gas turbine.

[0009] More preferably, it also includes a hydrogen compression system and a hydrogen energy utilization system, wherein the hydrogen compression system is used to pressurize the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system, and the output end of the hydrogen compression system is connected to the hydrogen energy utilization system.

[0010] Preferably, the hydrogen energy utilization system is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrogen energy utilization system is a hydrogen energy vehicle.

[0012] Preferably, the hydrogen oil storage and transportation system is any one of a tank truck, a train, a ship, an aircraft, and a pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises a gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is arranged at the hydrogen outlet end of the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] 1. This system provides a comprehensive solution for efficient hydrogen storage, transportation and utilization. Hydrogen is stored and transported using an organic liquid carrier at normal temperature and pressure. The organic liquid is non-toxic and non-flammable, and the hydrogen storage density is 50-60 kg / m 3 , which is higher than the high-pressure hydrogen storage method. The entire hydrogen storage and transportation system is safe and reliable, and can be transported by vehicles, trains, ships, aircraft, pipelines and other storage and transportation tools. The storage and transportation cost is low and the safety is high. After the hydrogen oil is catalytically dehydrogenated by the subsequent dehydrogenation system, it can be put into use.

[0016] 2. After the hydrogen produced by catalytic dehydrogenation is separated at normal pressure by the gas-liquid separator, the oil storage is used for hydrogenation and reuse. Through the replacement of hydrogen oil and storage oil, the hydrogen can be transported from the production site to the user. The separated hydrogen can be pressurized and delivered to each user. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the utility model.

[0018] In the figure: 1-Oil storage and hydrogenation system, 2-Hydrogen oil storage and transportation system, 3-Hydrogen oil dehydrogenation system, 4-Hydrogen compression system, 5-Hydrogen energy utilization system, 6-Hydrogen power generation system, 7-Power consumption system DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0020] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the specification of this application mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. "Multiple" means "two or more".

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] Figure 1 A connection diagram of a hydrogen energy storage and transportation system provided by a preferred embodiment of the present application is shown. For ease of explanation, only the part related to the present embodiment is shown, which is described in detail as follows:

[0025] A hydrogen energy storage and transportation system comprises an oil storage and hydrogenation system 1, a hydrogen-oil storage and transportation system 2 and a hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3, wherein the oil storage and hydrogenation system 1 is used to convert input hydrogen into hydrogen-oil, the hydrogen-oil storage and transportation system 2 is used to store and transport hydrogen-oil, and the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3 is used to dehydrogenate hydrogen-oil.

[0026] In one embodiment, it also includes a hydrogen compression system 4 and a hydrogen energy utilization system 5. The hydrogen compression system 4 is used to pressurize the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3, and the output end of the hydrogen compression system 4 is connected to the hydrogen energy utilization system 5.

[0027] In one embodiment, it also includes a hydrogen power generation system 6 and an electricity consumption system 7 , and the power output end of the hydrogen power generation system 6 is connected to the electricity consumption system 7 .

[0028] In one embodiment, the hydrogen power generation system 6 is a gas turbine, and the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3 can be used by the gas turbine to generate electricity.

[0029] In one embodiment, the hydrogen energy utilization system 5 is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3 can be used in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to generate electricity.

[0030] In one embodiment, the hydrogen energy utilization system 5 is a hydrogen energy vehicle, and the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3 can be pressurized to 45 MPaG and used as fuel for the hydrogen energy vehicle.

[0031] In one embodiment, the hydrogen oil storage and transportation system 2 is any one of a tank truck, a train, a ship, an aircraft, and a pipeline. The hydrogenated hydrogen oil is used as a hydrogen storage medium and can be stored and transported at normal temperature and pressure by a tank truck, a train, a ship, or an aircraft.

[0032] In one embodiment, a gas-liquid separator is further included, and the gas-liquid separator is arranged at the hydrogen outlet end of the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3 .

[0033] In one embodiment, the oil storage hydrogenation system 1 adopts a medium- and high-pressure liquid-phase catalytic hydrogenation device, the temperature of the oil storage hydrogenation system 1 is 230-350° C., the hydrogenation pressure is 1.0-12.0 MPaG, and the hydrogen-to-oil ratio of the oil storage hydrogenation system 1 is 50-200:1.

[0034] In one embodiment, the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3 adopts a normal pressure medium temperature catalytic dehydrogenation system. The temperature of the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system 3 is 150-250°C and the pressure is 0.05-0.8MPaG. After dehydrogenation, gas-liquid separation at normal temperature and pressure is performed to obtain hydrogen with a purity greater than 99.9%.

[0035] The working principle of this system is as follows:

[0036] Step 1, storing hydrogen in hydrogen oil through an oil storage and hydrogenation system 1;

[0037] Step 2: The hydrogen oil is transported to the hydrogen energy demand area through storage and transportation tools such as cars, trains, ships, aircraft, and pipelines;

[0038] Step 3, catalytically dehydrogenating the hydrogen oil through the hydrogen oil dehydrogenation system 3, and separating the hydrogen from the deoiling through the gas-liquid separation device;

[0039] Step 4: The hydrogen is pressurized and delivered to various users.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] This example uses wind power and photovoltaic power generation to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water uses a precious metal Ru catalyst to perform a hydrogenation reaction at a pressure of 8MPaG and a temperature of 280°C. The hydrogen-to-oil ratio of the reaction system is 100:1. The scale of the hydrogenation device is 12500Nm 3 / h, the hydrogen oil flow rate after hydrogenation is 24m 3 / h, the hydrogen oil is stored and transported to the place where hydrogen is used via tank trucks.

[0042] Hydrogen oil is catalytically dehydrogenated using precious metal Pd catalyst. The dehydrogenation reaction is carried out at a pressure of 0.3MPaG and a temperature of 220°C. The feed rate of the dehydrogenation system is 10m 3 / h, hydrogen output is 5000Nm 3 / h.

[0043] The hydrogen produced is 1000Nm 3 / h is used for gas turbine power generation. The electricity generated by the gas turbine is used for the device itself and the rest is connected to the grid. 3 / h is used for hydrogenation of hydrogen fuel vehicles after being pressurized, and the rest enters the proton exchange membrane battery for power generation, and the power generated is used for charging electric vehicles. At present, this embodiment has been put into operation, and its demonstration effect and economic value are obvious.

[0044] Compared with the existing hydrogen energy system, this system not only greatly reduces the storage and transportation pressure and cost of hydrogen, and can safely store and transport it at normal temperature and pressure, but also provides a variety of efficient application scenarios. It can transport a large amount of wind power and hydropower in my country's western region to the southeast coastal area through hydrogen energy, thereby realizing the balanced utilization of my country's energy.

[0045] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy storage and transportation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an oil storage and hydrogenation system (1), a hydrogen-oil storage and transportation system (2) and a hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system (3), wherein the oil storage and hydrogenation system (1) is used to convert input hydrogen into hydrogen-oil, the hydrogen-oil storage and transportation system (2) is used to store and transport the hydrogen-oil, and the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system (3) is used to dehydrogenate the hydrogen-oil.

2. The hydrogen energy storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hydrogen power generation system (6) and an electricity consumption system (7), wherein the power output end of the hydrogen power generation system (6) is connected to the electricity consumption system (7).

3. The hydrogen energy storage and transportation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen power generation system (6) is a gas turbine.

4. The hydrogen energy storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hydrogen compression system (4) and a hydrogen energy utilization system (5), wherein the hydrogen compression system (4) is used to pressurize the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system (3), and the output end of the hydrogen compression system (4) is connected to the hydrogen energy utilization system (5).

5. The hydrogen energy storage and transportation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen energy utilization system (5) is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

6. The hydrogen energy storage and transportation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen energy utilization system (5) is a hydrogen energy vehicle.

7. The hydrogen energy storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen oil storage and transportation system (2) is any one of a tank truck, a train, a ship, an aircraft, and a pipeline.

8. The hydrogen energy storage and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a gas-liquid separator, which is arranged at the hydrogen outlet end of the hydrogen-oil dehydrogenation system (3).

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