Battery explosion-proof structure and square battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery explosion-proof structure and a square battery, the battery explosion-proof structure comprises a shell, a naked battery cell, a pole and an explosion-proof valve, the naked battery cell is arranged in the shell; the pole is arranged on the shell, penetrates through and extends into the shell, and is electrically connected with the naked battery cell; the anti-explosion valve is arranged on the shell; the device further comprises an expansion piece and an ejector pin, the expansion piece is arranged in the shell; the ejector pin is movably arranged in the shell, one end of the ejector pin abuts against the expansion piece, and the other end of the ejector pin faces the anti-explosion valve. According to the battery, the expansion part is arranged in the battery, so that after the ejector pin is propped against the expansion part and the expansion part is heated to expand, the expansion part can push the ejector pin to move so as to eject the anti-explosion valve open, and the battery can be subjected to pressure relief, so that the battery has the advantage that the action is advanced compared with the mode that the anti-explosion valve is opened by virtue of gas; and meanwhile, a double-layer guarantee is formed when gas expands to burst through the explosion-proof valve, so that the safety performance of the battery can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery explosion-proof structure and a square battery. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy technology, the structure of secondary batteries has been continuously improved, and has been greatly improved in terms of capacity, volume and safety performance. Since batteries are electrical components, they may experience thermal runaway problems when they are affected by impact, short circuit and other factors. Therefore, it is particularly important to release pressure and prevent explosion of batteries before thermal runaway, which can ensure the safety of drivers and passengers.

[0003] The invention patent with the existing authorization announcement number CN111564590B discloses a battery with an explosion-proof structure, which includes a shell, an explosion-proof plate, a battery cell and an insulating rubber ring. The shell includes an inner metal shell and an outer metal shell, and the inner metal shell and the outer metal shell are sleeved. The shell is provided with a sink groove and an explosion-proof through hole, and the explosion-proof through hole connects the inner cavity of the shell and the external space. The sink groove is formed by cutting the outer surface of the shell. The explosion-proof through hole is located in the sink groove, and the explosion-proof plate is connected in the sink groove. The explosion-proof plate closes the explosion-proof through hole; the battery cell is arranged in the inner metal shell, and the insulating rubber ring is sealed between the outer metal shell and the inner metal shell.

[0004] As in the above technical solution, the explosion-proof through hole is blocked by an explosion-proof plate. In this way, in the early stage of thermal runaway of the battery, the generated gas will break through the explosion-proof through hole and release the pressure of the explosion-proof plate. However, the pressure release process is relatively delayed, and if the explosion-proof plate fails, or the explosion-proof notch on the explosion-proof plate is not deep enough, the explosion-proof plate may fail to open, resulting in battery explosion. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model proposes a battery explosion-proof structure and a square battery that can be opened quickly and conveniently and can release pressure more quickly, so as to solve the problem that the existing explosion-proof plates are delayed in opening and cannot be opened easily due to failure.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in this way:

[0007] On the one hand, the utility model provides a battery explosion-proof structure, including a shell, a bare battery cell, a pole and an explosion-proof valve, wherein:

[0008] The bare battery cell is arranged in the housing;

[0009] The pole is arranged on the shell, extends through the shell and is electrically connected to the bare battery cell.

[0010] The explosion-proof valve is arranged on the housing;

[0011] Also includes an expansion piece and an ejector pin, wherein:

[0012] The expansion member is arranged in the housing;

[0013] The ejector pin is movably arranged in the shell, one end of the ejector pin abuts against the expansion piece, and the other end faces the explosion-proof valve.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, it further comprises a sleeve, which is arranged in the housing and has one end facing the explosion-proof valve;

[0015] The expansion member and the ejector pin are arranged in the sleeve.

[0016] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a through hole is formed on the side wall of the sleeve at one end away from the explosion-proof valve.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the expansion member has a honeycomb structure.

[0018] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the expansion member is in a cylindrical structure, and one end of the expansion member that abuts against the ejector pin is a solid structure.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the sleeve is in a stepped cylindrical structure, the large diameter section of the sleeve is far away from the explosion-proof valve, and the expansion member is arranged in the large diameter section of the sleeve;

[0020] The ejector pin is arranged in the small diameter section of the sleeve, and the ejector pin extends into the large diameter section of the sleeve.

[0021] On the other hand, the utility model provides a square battery, including the battery explosion-proof structure mentioned above.

[0022] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, two bare cells are arranged side by side in the shell, and the side edges of the bare cells are in an arc-shaped structure;

[0023] The expansion piece and the ejector pin are arranged in the side gaps of the two bare battery cells.

[0024] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, an expansion piece is provided at each end of the bare battery cell, and two expansion pieces are provided corresponding to the explosion-proof valve.

[0025] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the housing includes an outer shell and a cover plate, wherein:

[0026] The shell is provided with an opening, and the bare battery core, the expansion piece and the ejector pin are arranged in the shell;

[0027] The cover plate seals the opening of the housing, and the pole and the explosion-proof valve are arranged on the cover plate.

[0028] The battery explosion-proof structure and square battery of the utility model have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0029] (1) By setting an expansion piece inside the battery, after the ejector pin is pressed against the expansion piece, the expansion piece will expand when heated, and the expansion piece will push the ejector pin to move, thereby pushing open the explosion-proof valve, so that the battery can be depressurized. Compared with relying on gas to open the explosion-proof valve, this has the advantage of earlier action, which can achieve rapid pressure relief of the battery. At the same time, it forms a double layer of guarantee with the gas expansion to open the explosion-proof valve, which can effectively improve the safety performance of the battery;

[0030] (2) By providing a sleeve, and the expansion member and the ejector pin are provided in the sleeve, the sleeve can guide the expansion direction of the expansion member and the displacement direction of the ejector pin, thereby ensuring that the ejector pin can effectively push open the explosion-proof valve to ensure the stability of the application;

[0031] (3) In this square battery, two bare cells are provided, so that the bare cells and the shell can be used to limit the ejector pins and related components to ensure a stable position without interfering with the assembly of other components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a square battery of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the square battery of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the assembly structure of the sleeve and ejector pin of the explosion-proof structure of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 For the utility model Figure 3 Middle AA section view;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the expansion member and ejector assembly of the utility model;

[0038] In the figure: 1, shell; 11, outer shell; 12, cover plate; 2, bare battery cell; 3, pole; 4, explosion-proof valve; 5, expansion piece; 6, ejector pin; 7, sleeve; 701, through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the implementation of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the implementation of the utility model. Obviously, the described implementation is only a part of the implementation of the utility model, not all of the implementations. Based on the implementation of the utility model, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the explosion-proof structure of the battery of the utility model comprises a housing 1, a bare battery cell 2, a pole 3, an explosion-proof valve 4, an expansion member 5, a ejector pin 6 and a sleeve 7;

[0041] The explosion-proof battery of the utility model comprises the above-mentioned battery explosion-proof structure.

[0042] The bare battery cell 2 is arranged in the housing 1; the pole 3 is arranged on the housing 1, the pole 3 extends through the interior of the housing 1, and is electrically connected to the bare battery cell 2; the explosion-proof valve 4 is arranged on the housing 1;

[0043] As in the above structure, before the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the temperature inside the battery will gradually rise, thereby causing thermal runaway to produce a large amount of gas. The battery will break open the explosion-proof valve 4 due to the expansion of the gas, and the gas and a small amount of liquid generated by the thermal runaway will be ejected through the broken part of the explosion-proof valve 4 to achieve pressure relief and avoid battery explosion.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the expansion member 5 is disposed in the housing 1; the ejector pin 6 is movably disposed in the housing 1, with one end of the ejector pin 6 abutting against the expansion member 5 and the other end facing the explosion-proof valve 4;

[0045] As in the above structure, the expansion member 5 and the ejector pin 6 are arranged in the shell 1. When the temperature inside the battery rises abnormally, the expansion member 5 will expand, thereby pushing the ejector pin 6 to move, and then the explosion-proof valve 4 can be pushed open by the ejector pin 6. Compared with the gas generated inside the battery to open the explosion-proof valve 4 for pressure relief, this action is earlier and can timely reduce the risk caused by thermal runaway.

[0046] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the sleeve 7 is arranged in the housing 1 and has one end facing the explosion-proof valve 4 ; the expansion member 5 and the ejector pin 6 are arranged in the sleeve 7 .

[0047] As in the above structure, by arranging the sleeve 7 in the housing 1, the expansion member 5 and the ejector pin 6 can be limited to guide the expansion of the expansion member 5 and the displacement of the ejector pin 6, so that the ejector pin 6 can accurately push open the explosion-proof valve 4.

[0048] Furthermore, a through hole 701 is formed on the side wall of the sleeve 7 at one end away from the explosion-proof valve 4;

[0049] As in the above structure, by opening a through hole 701 in the side wall of the sleeve 7, the electrolyte in the battery can enter the sleeve 7 through the through hole 701 to contact the expansion piece 5. In this way, after the temperature inside the battery rises, the entry of the electrolyte will accelerate the expansion of the expansion piece 5, so as to push the ejector pin 6 to break the explosion-proof valve more quickly.

[0050] Preferably, the expansion member 5 has a honeycomb structure to better contact the electrolyte, thereby accelerating the expansion. At the same time, it can also increase the electrolyte capacity inside the battery to improve the electrical performance.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the expansion member 5 is a cylindrical structure, and one end of the expansion member 5 that abuts against the ejector pin 6 is a solid structure;

[0052] As in the above structure, by setting the end of the expansion member 5 that abuts against the ejector pin 6 as a solid structure, it can better support and push the ejector pin 6 to move.

[0053] The sleeve 7 is a stepped cylindrical structure, the large diameter section of the sleeve 7 is far away from the explosion-proof valve 4, and the expansion member 5 is arranged in the large diameter section of the sleeve 7; the ejector pin 6 is arranged in the small diameter section of the sleeve 7, and the ejector pin 6 extends into the large diameter section of the sleeve 7;

[0054] As in the above structure, the sleeve 7 is set as a sleeve-shaped structure, and the expansion member 5 is set in the large diameter section, so its volume can be set larger, so that it has a larger expansion volume to drive the ejector pin 6 to have a farther displacement, thereby fully pushing open the explosion-proof valve 4.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, two bare cells 2 are arranged side by side in the housing 1, and the sides of the bare cells 2 are in an arc-shaped structure; the expansion member 5 and the ejector pin 6 are arranged in the side gaps of the two bare cells 2;

[0056] As in the above structure, two bare cells 2 are provided, and the ends of the bare cells 2 are provided as arc-shaped structures, which cooperate with the housing 1 to form a side gap, so that when the expansion member 5 and the ejector pin 6 are installed, the expansion member 5 and the ejector pin 6 can be arranged in the side gap;

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an expansion piece 5 is provided at each end of the bare battery cell 2, and two explosion-proof valves 4 are provided corresponding to the expansion piece 5; such a structure can not only realize the limiting of the expansion piece 5 and the ejector pin 6, but also ensure the stability of the installation of the bare battery cell 2, and the opening of the explosion-proof valve 4 in this structure not only relies on air pressure, but also relies on heat to expand the expansion piece 5 and push the ejector pin 6 to open the explosion-proof valve 4, so that the two explosion-proof valves 4 can be opened at the same time to achieve rapid pressure relief.

[0058] When the sleeve 7 is assembled, the sleeve 7 can be held against the inner wall of the housing 1 and the surfaces of the two bare cells 2 .

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the housing 1 includes a shell 11 and a cover plate 12, wherein the shell 11 is provided with an opening, and the bare battery cell 2, the expansion member 5 and the ejector pin 6 are arranged in the shell 11; the cover plate 12 seals the opening of the shell 11, and the pole 3 and the explosion-proof valve 4 are arranged on the cover plate 12;

[0060] As in the above structure, the explosion-proof valve 4 is arranged on the cover plate 12, and the ejector pin 6 is arranged in the housing 11. When the opening of the housing 11 is sealed by the cover plate 12, the explosion-proof valve 4 is aligned with the ejector pin 6.

[0061] Specific implementation steps:

[0062] When in use, the electrolyte heats up in the early stage of thermal runaway. As the temperature rises, the electrolyte that contacts the expansion member 5 will cause the expansion member 5 to expand. Then the expansion member 5 pushes the ejector pin 6 to move, thereby pushing open the explosion-proof valve 4, thereby achieving pressure relief of the battery.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery explosion-proof structure, comprising a housing (1), a bare battery cell (2), a pole (3) and an explosion-proof valve (4), wherein: The bare battery core (2) is arranged in the housing (1); The pole (3) is arranged on the shell (1), and the pole (3) extends through the inside of the shell (1) and is electrically connected to the bare battery core (2); The explosion-proof valve (4) is arranged on the housing (1); It is characterized in that it also includes an expansion member (5) and an ejector pin (6), wherein; The expansion member (5) is arranged in the housing (1); The ejector pin (6) is movably arranged in the housing (1); one end of the ejector pin (6) abuts against the expansion member (5), and the other end faces the explosion-proof valve (4).

2. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a sleeve (7), wherein the sleeve (7) is arranged in the housing (1) and has one end facing the explosion-proof valve (4); The expansion member (5) and the ejector pin (6) are arranged inside the sleeve (7).

3. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A through hole (701) is formed on the side wall of the sleeve (7) at one end away from the explosion-proof valve (4).

4. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expansion member (5) has a honeycomb structure.

5. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The expansion member (5) is a cylindrical structure, and one end of the expansion member (5) that abuts against the ejector pin (6) is a solid structure.

6. The battery explosion-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve (7) is in a stepped cylindrical structure, the large diameter section of the sleeve (7) is far away from the explosion-proof valve (4), and the expansion member (5) is arranged in the large diameter section of the sleeve (7); The ejector pin (6) is arranged in the small diameter section of the sleeve (7), and the ejector pin (6) extends into the large diameter section of the sleeve (7).

7. A square battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery explosion-proof structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The square battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two bare cells (2) are arranged in parallel in the housing (1), and the side edges of the bare cells (2) are in an arc-shaped structure; The expansion piece (5) and the ejector pin (6) are arranged in the side gaps of the two bare battery cells (2).

9. The square battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The expansion piece (5) is provided at each end of the bare battery core (2), and two explosion-proof valves (4) are provided corresponding to the expansion piece (5).

10. The square battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises an outer shell (11) and a cover plate (12), wherein: The housing (11) is provided with an opening, and the bare battery core (2), the expansion member (5) and the ejector pin (6) are arranged inside the housing (11); The cover plate (12) seals the opening of the housing (11), and the pole (3) and the explosion-proof valve (4) are arranged on the cover plate (12).

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