Material state monitoring system in cleaning chamber of harvester

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of harvester monitoring, and particularly relates to a harvester cleaning room material state monitoring system which is characterized in that a fixing support is arranged above a cleaning screen, a plurality of monitoring sensors are arranged on the fixing support, the monitoring sensors are connected with a controller, and the monitoring sensors are arranged at the front end of the cleaning screen or the rear end of a shaking plate; the monitoring sensor is used for monitoring the monitoring thickness of the mixture entering the cleaning chamber, the monitoring thickness of the mixture at each position is compared with the standard thickness range in the standard library, the monitoring sensor is arranged at the front end of the cleaning chamber and used for monitoring the thickness of the material just entering the cleaning space, and the thickness of the material is monitored through the thickness monitoring of the material. According to the harvester feeding amount adjusting method and device, the thickness of the materials can be adjusted before the grains are lost, and the grain material loss in the cleaning process is reduced by adjusting the feeding amount and the state of the cleaning screen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of harvester monitoring technology, and in particular, relates to a material status monitoring system in a harvester cleaning chamber. Background Art

[0002] Grain combine harvesters are mainly used for combined harvesting of wheat crops. They can complete cutting, threshing, separation and cleaning operations at one time in the field. They are also indispensable agricultural machinery for field operations. When harvesting wheat, they can reduce threshing losses by 5-8% compared with general manual harvesting, and save a lot of labor. At present, agricultural machinery manufacturers in developed countries abroad continue to conduct in-depth research and technological innovation on threshing, separation and cleaning systems, and use the optimization of the mechanical structure of the threshing and separation system and the adjustment of working parameters to reduce the losses caused by the harvesting process.

[0003] During the wheat harvest, the combine harvester will suffer grain loss. The reason is that there is too much mixture falling from the threshing chamber to the cleaning chamber, which basically exceeds the conventional thickness limit of 80mm. Sometimes the upper mixture of the shaking plate is nearly 200mm thick, causing the screen surface to be heavily loaded, the airflow cannot hold up the residue, and the grains cannot be separated and move out of the machine with the residue. According to the relevant design requirements of the combine harvester at home and abroad, the standard thickness of the mixture on the shaking plate and the screen surface is generally around 60mm, and the harvesting in the dry period should not exceed 100mm. For this thickness of mixture, the centrifugal fan currently equipped, when the screen and the fan are adjusted correctly according to the standard, can completely hold up the residue in all the mixture to achieve good grain separation. However, if the thickness of the mixture is too large or the screen and the fan are not adjusted correctly, the mixture will move slowly on the shaking plate or the screen surface, forming a retained pile, and the grains will be mixed in the piled mixture and move out of the screen surface, causing the loss of falling. At present, due to the increase in the feeding amount of the combine harvester, the straw is broken more in the late wheat harvest, and the thickness of the mixture on the shaking plate can easily reach 200mm.

[0004] The increase in the feed volume of the grain combine harvester leads to an increase in the threshing mixture. At present, the feed volume harvester shake plate mixture layer has seriously exceeded the standard. Although the shake plate has a stratification effect during the conveying process, the layer is too thick when the feed volume is large and the mixture is large, and the stratification effect is not good. In addition, when the mixture falls from the shake plate to the upper screen, the shaking plate and the upper screen are too close to each other, and the airflow cannot completely lift the debris in the mixture and send it out of the machine at one time, which makes it difficult to separate the grains on the upper screen. If the debris before the shake plate falls to the upper screen is sent out of the machine at one time, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the mixture on the shake plate so that the fan has enough capacity to separate the debris from the grains and leave the machine body in a floating state.

[0005] The main reason for the loss of cleaning is the excessive accumulation of mixture on the shaking plate and the screen surface. By studying the distribution, air volume, and air pressure of the airflow on the cleaning screen surface, the thickness and movement state of the mixture at various locations on the screen surface, and the movement and penetration mechanism of grains on the screen surface, the shape of the fan inlet and outlet and the optimal adjustment plan are designed, a theoretical basis that has not appeared in relevant domestic and foreign materials is established, and effective measures are formulated to reduce the thickness of the mixture layer and grain spreading losses under large feed conditions. The main reason for the large amount of mixture is that the harvester engine power is increased, the user's operating speed is accelerated, the feeding amount is increased, the crops are over-mature, and the threshing drum has a high speed. Drought and pests and diseases can also cause the straw to be fragile and easy to break. In addition, the thickness of the material layer on the shaking plate has far exceeded the limit of 80mm. Due to the influence of the weight of the mixture due to the increase in the feeding amount, the mixture moves backward too slowly to form an accumulation, which is the fundamental reason for the loss.

[0006] Cleaning loss is one of the main losses of combine harvesters in field operations, and the cleaning loss rate is the main performance indicator for measuring the operating performance of combine harvesters. At present, the detection of cleaning loss of combine harvesters is usually done manually, that is, the discharge at the tail of the cleaning screen is collected for manual cleaning and separation to obtain the amount of lost grains. This method has a large workload, high work intensity, and a long time consumption. It cannot achieve real-time monitoring of cleaning losses. When the combine harvester is operating in the field, it mainly relies on the experience of the operator. According to the growth of the crops in the field, the working parameters of the combine harvester are subjectively adjusted, and it is difficult to ensure the operating performance and quality.

[0007] In the prior art, a sensitive element is installed at the tail of a combine harvester cleaning screen. The sensitive element monitors the grains and debris signals falling in the sensitive element area, and transmits the grains and debris signals to a signal modulation circuit. The signal modulation circuit distinguishes the grain signals and transmits the grain signals to a secondary instrument. The secondary instrument collects the grain signals, grain flow, and parameter information such as the vibration frequency, amplitude, and forward speed of the combine harvester cleaning screen monitored by the sensor in real time. The real-time cleaning loss amount and cleaning loss rate of the combine harvester during normal field operation are calculated based on a mathematical model between the grain amount in the monitoring area and the cleaning loss amount, and the real-time cleaning loss situation of the combine harvester is provided to the operator, and a cleaning loss monitoring signal can be provided to the automatic control system of the combine harvester. However, this scheme is carried out when the grain loss has already occurred, and the sample collection area is small, and only the grain loss on one side or the front of the screen is shown, so the data is inaccurate.

[0008] In addition, the patent publication number CN 110249780 A discloses a method for monitoring the state of the material on the cleaning screen, which monitors the airflow changes of the cleaning screen through a wind speed sensor, reflects the changes in the material on the screen surface through the changes in the airflow through the screen, and then determines whether it is difficult for the grains to pass through the screen. This solution relies on wind speed monitoring, but there is a delay in wind speed monitoring, and wind speed monitoring arranged at multiple points has a large error for long and wide cleaning screens. The airflow entering the cleaning screen is greatly affected by the feeding speed, ambient wind speed, and the amount of debris. During the wheat harvest, as the combine harvester is used for a longer time, the monitoring accuracy will become worse and worse. Utility Model Content

[0009] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present application provides a material status monitoring system in a harvester cleaning room.

[0010] The purpose of this application is to provide a material status monitoring system in the cleaning room of a harvester. The monitoring system is installed at the front end of the cleaning screen or the rear end of the shaking plate to monitor the thickness of the material that has just entered the cleaning screen, and then determine whether the harvesting amount per unit time of the harvester exceeds the standard, so as to adjust the feed amount and the status of the cleaning screen and reduce the loss of grain material during the cleaning process.

[0011] In order to achieve the purpose of this application, the technical solution of this application is:

[0012] A material status monitoring system in a harvester cleaning chamber, wherein a cleaning screen and a shaking plate are arranged in the cleaning chamber of the harvester, a grain auger is arranged under the cleaning screen, a fan is arranged at the front end of the grain auger, a slide plate is arranged at the rear end of the grain auger, cleaning chamber side panels are arranged on both sides of the cleaning screen, a fixed bracket is arranged above the cleaning screen, a plurality of monitoring sensors are arranged on the fixed bracket, the monitoring sensors are connected to a controller, the monitoring sensors are arranged at the front end of the cleaning screen or the rear end of the shaking plate, and the monitoring sensors are used to monitor the thickness of the mixture entering the cleaning chamber, and compare the monitored thickness of the mixture at each position with the standard thickness range in a standard library.

[0013] Furthermore, the controller obtains the monitored thickness of the mixture. If the controller determines that the monitored thickness of the mixture is less than the standard thickness range in the standard library, the feeding amount of the crop is increased; if the controller determines that the monitored thickness of the mixture is more than the standard thickness range in the standard library, the feeding amount of the crop is reduced.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of monitoring sensors are arranged at intervals on a fixed bracket, and a comprehensive monitoring width of the plurality of monitoring sensors is greater than a width of the cleaning screen and the shaking plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring distance between adjacent monitoring sensors is 28-33 cm, and the comprehensive monitoring width of multiple monitoring sensors is greater than the width of the cleaning room.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance between the monitoring sensor and the screen surface of the cleaning screen is not less than 25 cm.

[0017] Furthermore, the monitoring sensor is any one or more of a laser sensor, a radar monitor, an angle sensor or a direct touch sensor.

[0018] Furthermore, the fixing bracket is arranged on the side wall of the cleaning chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, the controller transmits the acquired monitored thickness of the mixture to a display instrument in the cab.

[0020] Furthermore, the fixed bracket includes a fixed plate, a sensor mounting bracket is arranged on the fixed plate, and the monitoring sensor is arranged on the sensor mounting bracket.

[0021] Further, monitoring thickness includes thickness of the mixture and thickness uniformity.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0023] The present application installs a monitoring sensor in the cleaning space. The monitoring sensor is arranged at the front end of the cleaning chamber or the rear end of the shaking plate to monitor the thickness of the grain material that has just entered the cleaning space. By monitoring the thickness of the material, it is determined whether the harvesting amount of the harvester per unit time exceeds the standard. The present application can adjust the thickness of the seed material before the loss of the grain material, and reduce the loss of the grain material during the cleaning process by adjusting the feed amount and the state of the cleaning screen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the cleaning chamber of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the monitoring sensor on the fixed bracket;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the monitoring sensors installed at intervals on the fixed bracket;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the monitoring sensors installed at intervals on the fixed bracket;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the operating method of the present application.

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] 1. Shaft, 2. Grain agitator, 3. Fan, 4. Cleaning screen, 5. Monitoring sensor, 6. Slide plate, 7. Cleaning chamber side panel, 8. Fixed bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] In the present application, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present application, and do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present application and should not be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The present embodiment is a material status monitoring system in a harvester cleaning room, which is used in a combine harvester. The harvest of grains is mainly concentrated in the cleaning process, while the loss of cleaning is mainly concentrated in the cleaning space. Due to the currently adopted back-end monitoring scheme, the grains are adjusted only after they have been lost, resulting in a lag in information feedback and readjustment, which in turn leads to grain loss during cleaning. Therefore, the present embodiment proposes a material status monitoring system in a harvester cleaning room, such as Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the harvester includes a cleaning space of the harvester, in which a cleaning screen 4 is installed, the front end of the cleaning screen 4 is a shaking plate, the lower end of the cleaning screen 4 is installed with a grain agitator 2, the seed material agitator is installed on the shaft 1, a fan 3 is arranged at the front end of the grain agitator 2, a slide plate 6 is installed at the rear end of the grain agitator 2, and the cleaning screen 4 is installed in the cleaning chamber of the cleaning chamber side plate 7. These structures are conventional structures arranged in the cleaning space. As an improved solution, a fixed bracket 8 is installed on the side wall of the cleaning chamber, and a plurality of monitoring sensors 5 are installed on the fixed bracket 8. The monitoring sensor 5 is connected to the controller. Among them, the most important thing is that the monitoring sensor 5 is arranged in the cleaning chamber, and the monitoring sensor 5 is used to monitor the mixing entering the cleaning chamber. The monitored thickness of the crop is compared with the standard thickness range in the standard library according to the monitored thickness of the mixture at each position. The monitored thickness mentioned in this embodiment includes the thickness and thickness uniformity of the mixture. For example, when the monitoring sensor 5 adopts a radar detector and at least 6 radar detectors are installed, the monitored thickness can be monitored more accurately. The controller obtains the monitored thickness of the mixture. If the controller determines that the monitored thickness of the mixture is less than the standard thickness range in the standard library, the feeding amount of the crop is increased. If the controller determines that the monitored thickness of the mixture is more than the standard thickness range in the standard library, the feeding amount of the crop is reduced. In addition, the controller transmits the obtained monitored thickness of the mixture to the display instrument in the cab. In the table, the driver determines the feeding amount and walking speed of the harvester, and adjusts the screen of the cleaning screen 4. From the type of sensor, the monitoring sensor 5 is any one or more of a laser sensor, a radar monitor, an angle sensor or a direct touch sensor. For example, the laser sensor uses a laser to monitor the distance between the surface of the mixture and the laser. The angle sensor can assist in judging the undulation of the mixture. The direct touch sensor judges the thickness of the mixture by contacting the surface of the mixture. As a specific installation scheme, this embodiment installs multiple monitoring sensors 5 at intervals on a fixed bracket 8. The comprehensive monitoring width of the multiple monitoring sensors 5 is greater than the width of the cleaning screen 4. The fixed bracket The bracket 8 is installed on the cleaning screen 4, wherein the fixed bracket 8 includes a fixed plate, a sensor mounting bracket is installed on the fixed plate, and the monitoring sensor 5 is installed on the sensor mounting bracket. Taking the radar monitor as an example, the monitoring distance between adjacent monitoring sensors 5 in this embodiment is D, and the range of D is 28-33cm. The comprehensive monitoring width of multiple monitoring sensors 5 is greater than the width in the cleaning room. The distance between the monitoring sensor 5 and the screen surface of the cleaning screen 4 is C, and the size of C is not less than 25cm. The radar monitor is fixed to the fixed plate by bolts, and the distance between the two bolts is A, and the size of A is 25mm. The size of the lower end face of the radar monitor and the lower end face of the fixed plate is B, and the size of B is 4mm.

[0038] like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the number of monitoring sensors 5 is 6, and different numbers of monitoring sensors can be arranged according to the width of the cleaning chamber. The collected data of the thickness of the mixture, or the accumulation, are T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6, respectively, which are compared with the stored data in the standard library X to determine whether the screen surface is blocked and whether to clear it. In this embodiment, the blockage alarm information can be sent to the cab for display or the alarm can be displayed with a display light, thereby realizing the clearing of the screen surface blockage and the adjustment of the material thickness.

[0039] In addition, in this embodiment, the monitoring sensor 5 can be installed at the end of the shaking plate or the front end of the cleaning screen, which is regarded as a specific technical solution for arranging the monitoring sensor 5 in the cleaning chamber.

[0040] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0041] Although the above describes the specific implementation methods of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in the relevant field should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present application, various modifications or deformations that can be made by technical personnel in this field without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A material status monitoring system in a cleaning chamber of a harvester, wherein a cleaning screen (4) and a shaking plate are arranged in the cleaning space of the harvester, a grain agitator (2) is arranged at the lower end of the cleaning screen (4), a fan (3) is arranged at the front end of the grain agitator (2), a slide plate (6) is arranged at the rear end of the grain agitator (2), and cleaning chamber side plates (7) are arranged on both sides of the cleaning screen (4), characterized in that: A fixed bracket (8) is arranged above the cleaning screen (4), a plurality of monitoring sensors (5) are arranged on the fixed bracket (8), and the monitoring sensors (5) are connected to a controller; The monitoring sensor (5) is arranged at the front end of the cleaning screen or the rear end of the shaking plate. The monitoring sensor (5) is used to monitor the monitoring thickness of the mixture entering the cleaning chamber, and compare the monitoring thickness of the mixture at each position with the standard thickness range in the standard library.

2. A material status monitoring system in a harvester cleaning room as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The controller obtains the monitored thickness of the mixture. If the controller determines that the monitored thickness of the mixture is less than the standard thickness range in the standard library, the feeding amount of the crop is increased; if the controller determines that the monitored thickness of the mixture is more than the standard thickness range in the standard library, the feeding amount of the crop is reduced.

3. The material status monitoring system in the harvester cleaning room according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of monitoring sensors (5) are arranged at intervals on a fixed bracket (8), and a comprehensive monitoring width of the plurality of monitoring sensors (5) is greater than the width of the cleaning screen (4) and the shaking plate.

4. A material status monitoring system in a harvester cleaning room as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring distance between adjacent monitoring sensors (5) is 28-33 cm, and the comprehensive monitoring width of the plurality of monitoring sensors (5) is greater than the width of the cleaning chamber.

5. The material status monitoring system in the harvester cleaning room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the monitoring sensor (5) and the screen surface of the cleaning screen (4) is not less than 25 cm.

6. The material status monitoring system in the harvester cleaning room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring sensor (5) is any one or more of a laser sensor, a radar monitor, an angle sensor or a direct touch sensor.

7. The material status monitoring system in the harvester cleaning room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing bracket (8) is arranged on the side wall of the cleaning chamber.

8. The material status monitoring system in the harvester cleaning room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller transmits the acquired monitored thickness of the mixture to a display instrument in the cab.

9. The material status monitoring system in the harvester cleaning room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed bracket (8) comprises a fixed plate, on which a sensor mounting bracket is arranged, and the monitoring sensor (5) is arranged on the sensor mounting bracket.

10. The material status monitoring system in the harvester cleaning room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitored thickness includes the thickness and thickness uniformity of the mixture.

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