Battery management system controller

Abstract

A battery management system controller belongs to the technical field of battery management systems and is characterized in that the battery management system controller is designed with a special system layout, a multi-path output power supply chip supporting functional safety related applications is selected in the aspect of a power supply, and high-stability wide-width power supply is realized by matching with a uniquely designed power supply input protection circuit. The reliability and the safety of the system are ensured; the controller supports a plurality of communication modes, meets the communication requirements of various external devices, and is easy to integrate into a client system; the detection precision of external input signals is improved, the battery state can be monitored more accurately, the high efficiency, sensitivity and real-time performance of battery equalization are ensured, and thus it is ensured that a battery system is always in the optimal working state; in addition, the high-low edge and H-bridge functional chip has the advantages of small size, high power and lower cost; good electromagnetic compatibility is realized, good isolation measures and anti-interference capability are provided, and the stability and safety of a hardware circuit are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery management systems, and in particular relates to a battery management system controller. Background Art

[0002] Under the dual pressure of energy crisis and environmental pollution, environmental protection and energy saving have become the theme of the development of the current automobile industry. Pure electric vehicles are highly valued and strongly supported due to their advantages of energy saving, environmental protection and pollution-free. The core technology that distinguishes pure electric vehicles from traditional fuel vehicles is the "three-electric" system, namely: electric drive, battery and electronic control. Among them, the battery management system is the core of the "three-electric" system, and it is also the most expensive and complex system among the "three-electric". Its functionality and safety will directly affect the power, safety, economy and comfort of the whole vehicle.

[0003] The battery management system monitors and manages each single cell in the battery pack to keep the battery in the best working condition at all times and maximize the battery life. At the same time, it transmits battery information to the vehicle's CAN network to provide a basis for vehicle system decision-making. Therefore, the battery management system is one of the key components of electric vehicles.

[0004] As the brain of the battery management system, the battery management system controller no longer has only the battery monitoring function. Its main tasks include real-time monitoring of battery status, SOC / SOH estimation, balancing management, main relay drive, electrical damage protection, insulation resistance monitoring, fault diagnosis management and communication management. The battery management system controller collects sensor signals from other components to make corresponding judgments and control each actuator to execute the corresponding control logic: such as AC charging control, DC charging control, energy management, thermal management, safety protection, fault diagnosis and other control functions. However, the current battery management system controller still has the following problems:

[0005] 1. Some hardware has a low tolerance level to abnormal spike voltage and poor anti-interference ability. Data transmission is easily interfered with, which affects the accuracy of collection.

[0006] 2. The battery management system controller circuit protection is not perfect, the anti-electromagnetic interference performance is poor, and it is easily interfered by external electromagnetic radiation.

[0007] 3. The existing battery management system controller has low scalability and poor compatibility, and cannot meet the increasingly complex functional requirements of the battery management system.

[0008] 4. The existing battery management system controller has low accuracy in analog signal acquisition, resulting in inaccurate external analog signal acquisition.

[0009] 5. The hardware resources are occupied at a high level. Some functional modules can only meet the current functional requirements, and subsequent functional expansion is difficult.

[0010] 6. The functional modules are not rich enough to meet the increasingly complex functional requirements of the battery management system. Utility Model Content

[0011] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing battery management system controller, the utility model provides a battery management system controller, designs a special system layout, and selects a multi-output power supply chip that supports functional safety-related applications in terms of power supply. By matching the uniquely designed power input protection circuit, high-stability and wide-range power supply is achieved to ensure the reliability and safety of the system; the controller supports multiple communication methods to meet the communication needs of various external devices and is easy to integrate into the customer system; the detection accuracy of external input signals is improved, and the battery status can be monitored more accurately to ensure the efficiency, sensitivity and real-time performance of battery balancing, thereby ensuring that the battery system is always in the best working state; in addition, the high and low side and H-bridge functional chips have the advantages of small size, high power and low cost; good electromagnetic compatibility is achieved, and good isolation measures and anti-interference capabilities are possessed, which greatly improves the stability and safety of the hardware circuit. Its specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0012] A battery management system controller, the controller includes a power module and a microprocessor module, the power module is connected to the microprocessor module, and the power module and the microprocessor module are respectively connected to functional modules, the functional modules include a CAN communication module, a LIN communication module, an isoSPI communication module, a high-side and low-side output module, an analog signal input module, a digital signal input module, a PWM output module and an H-bridge output module; the power module supplies power to each functional module, the microprocessor module is the carrier of the controller's algorithm and control strategy; the CAN communication module is used for the controller to communicate with an external controller, to send and receive CAN signals, and to achieve real-time communication with other nodes of the vehicle CAN network; the LIN communication module communicates with slave nodes as a master node of the LIN bus; the isoSPI communication module is used to The signal transmission between the controller and the battery status acquisition unit enables the controller to understand the working status of the battery in real time so as to execute the corresponding control logic; the high and low side output modules are used to receive the control signal sent by the microprocessor module to realize the switch control of any channel, thereby ensuring the accurate control of the external device; the analog signal input module is used for real-time monitoring of the external analog signal and the internal power supply voltage; the digital signal input module is used to process the external input digital signal and transmit it to the microprocessor module; the PWM output module can not only change the output signal by adjusting the pulse width to realize the precise control of the external device, but also is compatible with the low side output function; the H-bridge output module receives the control signal sent by the microprocessor module, controls the state of the switch according to the control signal, thereby controlling the rotation direction and speed of the motor.

[0013] The microprocessor module includes a microprocessor chip, and the peripheral circuits connected to the microprocessor chip include a clock signal circuit, a JTAG interface circuit, a power supply interface circuit, an air pressure monitoring circuit and a reset circuit; the microprocessor chip adopts a TMS570 chip; the clock signal circuit uses a 16M crystal oscillator, with 2 matching capacitors, and the two output signals are directly connected to the clock pin of the microprocessor chip; the JTAG interface circuit is directly led from the microprocessor chip pin to the 7-Pin The pin is connected to the JTAG contact, and the pin is pulled up to 3.3V or pulled down to the ground with a 4.7K resistor in series, which is used to realize the download and debugging functions of the program; the power supply interface circuit is to connect the decoupling capacitor to the power supply pin of the microprocessor chip to filter out the noise interference of the power supply line, so that the microprocessor chip can work stably. The power supply voltage comes from the 5V, 3.3V and 1.2V power supply of the power module. Each power supply line of the microprocessor chip is externally connected to a decoupling capacitor, and an anti-vibration capacitor is additionally added at the source of 5V, 3.3V and 1.2V to ensure voltage stability and filter out low-frequency interference; the air pressure monitoring circuit adopts an atmospheric pressure monitoring chip, which is connected to the I2C pin of the microprocessor chip, and is used to monitor the air pressure state in real time, so as to make real-time adjustments for external devices under different air pressure values ​​to ensure stable operation; the reset circuit adopts a watchdog chip, and the GPIO pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the signal input pin of the watchdog chip as a dog feeding signal. The reset circuit is used to ensure that the microprocessor chip can be reset in time and restart when the program runs away or crashes.

[0014] The power module adopts BUCK1 chip, which is respectively connected to 1 LDO1 chip, LDO2 chip, LDO3 chip, LDO4 chip for internal power supply and 2 LDO1 chips for external sensor power supply, wherein the power supply range of BUCK1 chip is 3.3V-40V, and the output voltage rail of 5.76V is used as the input power supply of LDO chip; 1 LDO1 chip for internal power supply and 2 LDO1 chips for external sensor power supply generate 3 5V power supplies, and each 5V output current is 200mA; LDO2 chip generates 1.2V power supply, and provides 1A output current at most; LDO3 chip generates 3.3V power supply, and provides 1A output current at most; 5V, 3.3V and 1. The 2V power supply is used to power the microprocessor module, which improves the working stability of the microprocessor chip. The LDO4 chip generates a 5V reference voltage as the analog reference voltage of the microprocessor chip. The output voltage of the internally powered LDO1 chip, LDO2 chip, and LDO3 chip is monitored through the analog signal acquisition port of the microprocessor module to ensure that the system understands the current voltage value in real time. The input end of the BUCK1 chip is also connected to a power supply filter circuit and a wake-up signal input circuit. The power supply filter circuit filters out the interference signal on the power supply line and the influence of surge voltage and current on the stability of the BUCK1 chip on the one hand, and filters out the external electromagnetic interference signal generated by the BUCK1 chip on the other hand. The wake-up signal input circuit can receive the input of the wake-up signal source.

[0015] The LDO4 chip adopts the ADR365 chip, and two parallel capacitors are connected in series between the VIN pin and the GND pin of the ADR365 chip; the VOUT pin of the ADR365 chip is divided into two branches, one branch outputs a 5V reference voltage, and the other branch is connected to GND through a capacitor.

[0016] The CAN communication module is used to correctly receive CAN information and communicate with the external system in real time; the CAN communication module adopts two CAN transceiver chips to realize 3-way CAN communication, and has 3 independent enable and disable control functions, of which 1-way CAN communication also has a wake-up function and is one of the wake-up sources of the power module; one end of the two CAN transceiver chips is connected to the CAN controller carried by the microprocessor chip, and the other end is connected to the CAN physical bus interface circuit. The interface circuit is implemented in the same way, that is, a common-mode choke, a bypass capacitor and a balancing resistor are connected in series on the two differential signals at the output end.

[0017] The LIN communication module adopts a LIN communication chip, and an INH pin and a LIN pin of the LIN communication chip are connected in series with a diode and a 1K resistor to realize the active working mode of the LIN communication module.

[0018] The isoSPI communication module is used for data transmission between the controller and the battery status acquisition unit, so that the controller can understand the working status of the battery in real time so as to execute the corresponding control logic; the isoSPI communication module is sequentially provided with an isolation interface chip, a balanced filter circuit, a protection circuit, and an isolation transformer from the SPI signal end of the microprocessor module, the isolation interface chip adopts a 2-wire isoSPI serial peripheral interface, the isoSPI serial peripheral interface converts a full-duplex SPI signal of up to 1Mbps into an isoSPI differential signal, and then connects the balanced filter circuit and the isolation transformer through a twisted pair to transmit the isoSPI differential signal;

[0019] The circuit of the isoSPI communication module is as follows: the four SPI signals SPI4-MOSI, SPI4-MISO, SPI4-CLK, and SPI4-nCS-ISO output by the microprocessor module are directly connected to the signal input end of the isolation interface chip LTC6820, and the three signal lines SPI4-MOSI, SPI4-MISO, and SPI4-nCS-ISO are pulled up to the 5V0 power supply through a 4K7 resistor; the EN, Vdds, POL, PHA, VDD, and MSTR pins of the isolation interface chip LTC6820 are connected to the 5V0 power supply and grounded through a 100nF capacitor; The IBIAS pin of the isolation interface chip LTC6820 is connected in series with a 2K8 resistor and a 1K2 resistor and then grounded, and the middle point of the 2K8 resistor and the 1K2 resistor is connected to the ICMP pin of the isolation interface chip LTC6820; the isoSPI differential signal output by the isolation interface chip LTC6820 is connected to the isoSPI bus after passing through a balanced filter circuit, a protection circuit and an isolation transformer HMU2103; wherein, the balanced filter circuit is composed of two 100pF capacitors, one 4.7nF capacitor, and two 60.4R resistors; the protection circuit is composed of a dual-path protection diode, and the two paths are respectively connected in parallel between the two lines and the ground.

[0020] The high and low side output module adopts the NCV7708 high and low side chip, which can provide 6 high side switch outputs and 6 low side switch outputs. A single channel can support a maximum current of 0.5A and has overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, short circuit and overheating protection functions; the NCV7708 high and low side chip adopts SPI bus communication and can realize switch control of any channel.

[0021] The analog signal input module provides 11 external analog signal input detection channels and 4 power supply voltage monitoring circuits; each external analog signal input detection channel includes a voltage divider circuit, a filter circuit and a protection circuit. Each external analog signal input detection channel can be converted into voltage type detection or resistance type detection according to specific needs, which is convenient for different detection needs. The 0-12V external analog signal input detection channel is collected by the microprocessor chip after resistance voltage division; each power supply voltage monitoring circuit includes a voltage divider circuit, a filter circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit ensures the safety of the analog signal acquisition circuit when a high voltage pulse signal interferes, and protects the microprocessor chip from damage.

[0022] The digital signal input module includes 9 external digital signal detection circuits and 1 external frequency signal detection circuit; each external digital signal input is transmitted to the microprocessor module after passing through a voltage divider circuit and a filter circuit, and a high level is valid; the external frequency signal is transmitted to the microprocessor module after passing through a voltage divider circuit and a filter circuit.

[0023] The PWM output module provides 6 PWM outputs, each of which uses a high-power transistor and is implemented in conjunction with a protection circuit. It has overcurrent, overtemperature and clamping protection functions, and is compatible with low-side output functions. Two of the outputs support frequency and duty cycle readback; the maximum operating current of the high-power transistor is IDMAX=15A.

[0024] The H-bridge output module adopts the VNH7100 chip, has multi-channel, over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage and over-heat protection functions, and can output a 10A high current H-bridge.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the battery management system controller of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The power module plays a critical role in the hardware circuit of the battery management system controller, and its stability is directly related to the working condition of the entire controller. The working environment of the power module is harsh, the range of the external power supply voltage is large, and it is also necessary to deal with the impact of surge current on the chip. The power module of the utility model adopts power supply BUCK1 chip, LDO1 chip, LDO2 chip, LDO3 chip, and LDO4 chip, among which the power supply range of BUCK1 chip is 3.3V-40V, and the output voltage rail of 5.76V is used as the input power supply of other LDO chips. Three LDO1s are used to generate three 5V power supplies, each 5V outputs 200mA current, two of which are used for external sensor power supply and one for internal use. LDO2 is used to generate 1.2V power supply, which can provide a maximum output current of 1A. LDO3 is used to generate 3.3V power supply, which can provide a maximum output current of 1A. LDO4 with higher precision is used to generate 5V reference voltage as the analog reference voltage of the main chip. 5V, 3.3V and 1.2V power supplies are used to power the microprocessor. The peripheral components of the power chip are deeply optimized and adjusted to form our unique design, which greatly improves the working stability of this module. At the same time, we specially designed a power module voltage monitoring circuit to monitor the output voltage of some power chips through the analog signal acquisition port of the microprocessor module to ensure that the system can understand the current voltage value in real time. The power supply filter circuit is added to the power input end to filter out the interference signal on the power supply line and the impact of surge voltage and current on the stability of the power chip, and to filter out the external electromagnetic interference signal generated by the power chip.

[0027] Second, the isoSPI communication module is used for data transmission between the controller and the battery status sampling unit block, so that the controller can understand the working status of the battery in real time in order to execute the corresponding control logic; in order to improve system safety and data integrity, the battery pack and the battery management system controller need to be electrically isolated. Each of the ordinary 4-wire SPI signals needs to be isolated, which means that the cost is very high, and as the transmission distance becomes longer, its transmission stability becomes worse. Therefore, the utility model uses the 2-wire isoSPI, which is a simple two-wire adaptation standard serial peripheral interface. The isoSPI interface converts the full-duplex SPI signal of up to 1Mbps into a differential signal, and then transmits this differential signal through a twisted pair plus a simple, low-cost transformer. Compared with ordinary SPI communication, isoSPI requires fewer isolated signals, has better transmission effect, and has a longer transmission distance. Its transmission distance can reach 100 meters, with less transmission loss and faster speed. This module consists of an interface chip, a balanced filter circuit, and an isolation transformer.

[0028] 3. The power supply of the controller of this utility model adopts a multi-output power supply chip that supports functional safety-related applications. By matching it with a uniquely designed power input protection circuit, it achieves high-stability and wide-range power supply, ensuring the reliability and safety of the system.

[0029] 4. The controller supports multiple communication methods to meet the communication needs of various external devices and is easy to integrate into the customer system. The detection accuracy of external input signals is improved, and the battery status can be monitored more accurately to ensure the efficiency, sensitivity and real-time performance of battery balancing, thereby ensuring that the battery system is always in the best working condition.

[0030] 5. In addition, high-side, low-side and H-bridge functional chips have the advantages of small size, high power and low cost.

[0031] 6. All electronic components are automotive grade. At the same time, the PCB design of the hardware circuit uses electronic expertise and practical experience, and ultimately achieves good electromagnetic compatibility, has good isolation measures and anti-interference capabilities, and greatly improves the stability and safety of the hardware circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware architecture of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a microprocessor module of a battery management system controller and a schematic diagram of a structure in which the microprocessor module is connected to a power supply module in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a microprocessor chip in a microprocessor module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a clock signal circuit in a microprocessor module of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, and a connection circuit diagram of the clock signal circuit and a microprocessor chip (partial interface);

[0036] Figure 5 This is a JTAG interface circuit in a microprocessor module of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, and a connection circuit diagram of the JTAG interface circuit and a microprocessor chip (partial interface);

[0037] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a power supply interface circuit and a connection between the power supply interface circuit and a microprocessor chip (partial interface) in a microprocessor module of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 7This is a circuit diagram of an air pressure monitoring circuit in a microprocessor module of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, and a connection circuit diagram of the air pressure monitoring circuit and a microprocessor chip (part of the interface);

[0039] Figure 8 This is a reset circuit in a microprocessor module of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, and a connection circuit diagram between the reset circuit and a microprocessor chip (partial interface);

[0040] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a power module architecture of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0041] Fig.10 This is a circuit diagram of BUCK1 in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0042] Fig.11 This is a circuit diagram of an internally powered LDO1 in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0043] Fig.12 This is a circuit diagram of an internally powered LDO2 in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0044] Fig.13 This is a circuit diagram of an internally powered LDO3 in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0045] Fig.14 This is a circuit diagram of an internally powered LDO4 in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0046] Fig.15 This is a circuit diagram of LDO1 for the first external sensor power supply in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0047] Fig.16 This is a circuit diagram of LDO1 for the second external sensor power supply in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0048] Fig.17 This is a circuit diagram of a power supply filter circuit in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0049] Fig.18 This is a circuit diagram of a wake-up signal input circuit in a power module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0050] Fig.19This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a CAN communication module of a battery management system controller and the connection between the CAN communication module, the microprocessor module and the power module in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0051] Fig. 20 This is a circuit diagram of a CAN communication module of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0052] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a LIN communication module of a battery management system controller and the connection between the LIN communication module, the microprocessor module and the power module in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0053] Fig. 22 This is a circuit diagram of a LIN communication module of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0054] Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an isoSPI communication module of a battery management system controller and a connection between the isoSPI communication module and a microprocessor module according to Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0055] Fig.24 This is a circuit diagram of an isoSPI communication module of a battery management system controller according to Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0056] Fig.25 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a high-side and low-side output module of a battery management system controller and the connection between the high-side and low-side output module and the microprocessor module in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0057] Fig.26 This is a circuit diagram of a high-side and low-side output module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0058] Fig. 27 This is a schematic diagram of an analog signal input module of a battery management system controller and a schematic diagram of an architecture in which the analog signal input module is connected to a microprocessor module in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0059] Fig.28 This is a circuit diagram of an external analog signal input detection channel of any one of 11 channels in an analog signal input module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0060] Fig.29 This is an overall circuit diagram of a 4-way power supply voltage monitoring circuit in an analog signal input module of a battery management system controller in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0061] Fig.30This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a digital signal input module of a battery management system controller and the connection between the digital signal input module and the microprocessor module in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0062] Fig.31 This is a circuit diagram of an external digital signal detection circuit of any one of the 9 channels in a digital signal input module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0063] Fig.32 This is a circuit diagram of an external frequency signal detection circuit in a digital signal input module of a battery management system controller in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0064] Fig.33 This is a schematic diagram of a PWM output module of a battery management system controller and a structure in which the PWM output module is connected to a microprocessor module in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0065] Fig.34 This is a circuit diagram of a PWM output module of a battery management system controller according to Example 1 of the utility model.

[0066] Fig.35 This is a schematic diagram of an H-bridge output module of a battery management system controller and a structure in which the H-bridge output module is connected to a microprocessor module in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0067] Fig.36 This is a circuit diagram of an H-bridge output module of a battery management system controller according to Example 1 of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following is a combination of specific implementation cases and attached Figure 1-Figure 36 The present invention is further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] A battery management system controller, such as Figure 1As shown, the controller includes a power module and a microprocessor module, the power module is connected to the microprocessor module, and the power module and the microprocessor module are respectively connected to the functional modules, the functional modules include a CAN communication module, a LIN communication module, an isoSPI communication module, a high-side and low-side output module, an analog signal input module, a digital signal input module, a PWM output module and an H-bridge output module; the power module supplies power to each functional module, and the microprocessor module is the carrier of the controller's algorithm and control strategy; the CAN communication module is used for the controller to communicate with an external controller, to send and receive CAN signals, and to achieve real-time communication with other nodes of the vehicle CAN network; the LIN communication module communicates with the slave node as the master node of the LIN bus; the isoSPI communication module is used for the controller to communicate with the power module, and the power ... The signal transmission between the battery status acquisition units enables the controller to understand the working status of the battery in real time so as to execute the corresponding control logic; the high and low side output modules are used to receive the control signal sent by the microprocessor module to realize the switch control of any channel, thereby ensuring the accurate control of the external device; the analog signal input module is used for real-time monitoring of the external analog signal and the internal power supply voltage; the digital signal input module is used to process the external input digital signal and transmit it to the microprocessor module; the PWM output module can not only change the output signal by adjusting the pulse width to realize the precise control of the external device, but also is compatible with the low side output function; the H-bridge output module receives the control signal sent by the microprocessor module, controls the state of the switch according to the control signal, thereby controlling the rotation direction and speed of the motor.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the microprocessor module includes a microprocessor chip, and the peripheral circuits connected to the microprocessor chip include a clock signal circuit, a JTAG interface circuit, a power supply interface circuit, an air pressure monitoring circuit and a reset circuit; the microprocessor chip adopts a TMS570 chip, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the clock signal circuit uses a 16M crystal oscillator and is matched with two matching capacitors. The two output signals are directly connected to the clock pins of the microprocessor chip, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the JTAG interface circuit is directly connected from the microprocessor chip pin to the 7-Pin JTAG contact, and the pin is connected in series with a 4.7K resistor to pull up to 3.3V or pull down to ground, which is used to realize the program download and debugging functions, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the power supply interface circuit is to connect the decoupling capacitor to the power supply pin of the microprocessor chip to filter out the noise interference of the power supply line so that the microprocessor chip can work stably. The power supply voltage comes from the 5V, 3.3V and 1.2V power supply of the power module. Each power supply line of the microprocessor chip is connected to an external decoupling capacitor. Anti-vibration capacitors are additionally added at the source of 5V, 3.3V and 1.2V to ensure voltage stability and filter out low-frequency interference. Figure 6As shown in the figure, the air pressure monitoring circuit uses an atmospheric pressure monitoring chip, which is connected to the I2C pin of the microprocessor chip to monitor the air pressure status in real time and make real-time adjustments for external devices under different air pressure values ​​to ensure stable operation. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the reset circuit uses a watchdog chip. The GPIO pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the signal input pin of the watchdog chip as a dog feeding signal. The reset circuit is used to ensure that the microprocessor chip can be reset in time and restart work when the program runs away or crashes. Figure 8 shown.

[0072] like Fig. 9 As shown, the power module adopts BUCK1 chip, and the BUCK1 chip is respectively connected to 1 LDO1 chip, LDO2 chip, LDO3 chip, LDO4 chip for internal power supply and 2 LDO1 chips for external sensor power supply, wherein the power supply range of the BUCK1 chip is 3.3V-40V, and the output voltage rail of 5.76V is used as the input power supply of the LDO chip; 1 LDO1 chip for internal power supply and 2 LDO1 chips for external sensor power supply generate 3 5V power supplies, and each 5V output current is 200mA; the LDO2 chip generates a 1.2V power supply, which provides a maximum output current of 1A; the LDO3 chip generates a 3.3V power supply, which provides a maximum output current of 1A; 5V, 3.3V and 1.2V power supply are used to generate 5V power supply. The source supplies power to the microprocessor module to improve the working stability of the microprocessor chip; the LDO4 chip generates a 5V reference voltage as the analog reference voltage of the microprocessor chip, and monitors the output voltage of the internally powered LDO1 chip, LDO2 chip, and LDO3 chip through the analog signal acquisition port of the microprocessor module to ensure that the system understands the current voltage value in real time; the input end of the BUCK1 chip is also connected to a power supply filter circuit and a wake-up signal input circuit. The power supply filter circuit filters out the interference signal on the power supply line and the impact of surge voltage and current on the stability of the BUCK1 chip on the one hand, and filters out the external electromagnetic interference signal generated by the BUCK1 chip on the other hand; the wake-up signal input circuit can receive the input of the wake-up signal source; the circuit of the power module is as follows Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 , Fig.18 As shown;

[0073] The LDO4 chip adopts the ADR365 chip, and two parallel capacitors are connected in series between the VIN pin and the GND pin of the ADR365 chip; the VOUT pin of the ADR365 chip is divided into two branches, one branch outputs a 5V reference voltage, and the other branch is connected to GND through a capacitor; Fig.14 shown.

[0074] like Fig.19 As shown, the CAN communication module is used to correctly receive CAN information and communicate with the external system in real time; the CAN communication module uses two CAN transceiver chips to realize 3-way CAN communication, and has 3-way independent enable and disable control functions, of which 1-way CAN communication also has a wake-up function and is one of the wake-up sources of the power module; one end of the two CAN transceiver chips is connected to the CAN controller carried by the microprocessor chip, and the other end is connected to the CAN physical bus interface circuit. The interface circuit is implemented in the same way, that is, a common-mode choke, a bypass capacitor and a balancing resistor are connected in series to the two differential signals at the output end; the circuit of the CAN communication module is as shown Fig. 20 shown.

[0075] like Fig.21 As shown, the LIN communication module adopts a LIN communication chip, and the INH pin and the LIN pin of the LIN communication chip are connected in series with a diode and a 1K resistor to realize the active working mode of the LIN communication module. The circuit of the LIN communication module is as shown in Fig. 22 shown.

[0076] like Fig.23 As shown, the isoSPI communication module is used for data transmission between the controller and the battery status acquisition unit, so that the controller can understand the working status of the battery in real time, so as to execute the corresponding control logic; the isoSPI communication module is sequentially provided with an isolation interface chip, a balanced filter circuit, a protection circuit, and an isolation transformer from the SPI signal end of the microprocessor module, and the isolation interface chip adopts a 2-wire isoSPI serial peripheral interface, and the isoSPI serial peripheral interface converts a full-duplex SPI signal of up to 1Mbps into an isoSPI differential signal, and then connects the balanced filter circuit and the isolation transformer through a twisted pair to transmit the isoSPI differential signal;

[0077] The circuit of the isoSPI communication module is as follows: the four SPI signals SPI4-MOSI, SPI4-MISO, SPI4-CLK, and SPI4-nCS-ISO output by the microprocessor module are directly connected to the signal input end of the isolation interface chip LTC6820, and the three signal lines SPI4-MOSI, SPI4-MISO, and SPI4-nCS-ISO are pulled up to the 5V0 power supply through a 4K7 resistor; the EN, Vdds, POL, PHA, VDD, and MSTR pins of the isolation interface chip LTC6820 are connected to the 5V0 power supply and grounded through a 100nF capacitor; the isolation interface chip L The IBIAS pin of TC6820 is connected to the ground after being connected in series with a 2K8 resistor and a 1K2 resistor, and the middle point of the 2K8 resistor and the 1K2 resistor is connected to the ICMP pin of the isolation interface chip LTC6820; the isoSPI differential signal output by the isolation interface chip LTC6820 is connected to the isoSPI bus after passing through a balanced filter circuit, a protection circuit, and an isolation transformer HMU2103; wherein the balanced filter circuit is composed of two 100pF capacitors, one 4.7nF capacitor, and two 60.4R resistors; the protection circuit is composed of a dual-path protection diode, and the dual paths are connected in parallel between the two lines and the ground; the circuit of the isoSPI communication module is as follows Fig.24 shown.

[0078] like Fig.25 As shown, the high-side and low-side output module adopts NCV7708 high-side and low-side chips, which can provide 6 high-side switch outputs and 6 low-side switch outputs. A single channel can support a maximum current of 0.5A and has overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, short circuit and overheating protection functions; NCV7708 high-side and low-side chips adopt SPI bus communication and can realize switch control of any channel; the high-side and low-side output module circuit is as shown Fig.26 shown.

[0079] like Fig. 27 As shown, the analog signal input module provides 11 external analog signal input detection channels and 4 power supply voltage monitoring circuits; each external analog signal input detection channel includes a voltage divider circuit, a filter circuit and a protection circuit. Each external analog signal input detection channel can be converted into a voltage type detection or a resistance type detection according to specific needs, which is convenient for different detection needs. The 0-12V external analog signal input detection channel is collected by the microprocessor chip after the resistance voltage is divided; each power supply voltage monitoring circuit includes a voltage divider circuit, a filter circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit ensures the safety of the analog signal acquisition circuit when the high voltage pulse signal interferes, and protects the microprocessor chip from damage; the circuit of the analog signal input module is as shown in FIG. Fig.28 and 29 shown.

[0080] like Fig.30As shown, the digital signal input module includes 9 external digital signal detection circuits and 1 external frequency signal detection circuit; each external digital signal input is transmitted to the microprocessor module after passing through the voltage divider circuit and the filter circuit, and the high level is effective; the external frequency signal is transmitted to the microprocessor module after passing through the voltage divider circuit and the filter circuit; the digital signal input module circuit is as shown Fig.31 and 32 shown.

[0081] like Fig.33 As shown, the PWM output module provides 6 PWM outputs, each of which is implemented by a high-power transistor with a protection circuit, has over-current, over-temperature and clamping protection functions, and is compatible with low-side output functions, two of which support frequency and duty cycle readback; the maximum operating current of the high-power transistor is IDMAX = 15A; the PWM output module circuit is as follows Fig.34 shown.

[0082] like Fig.35 As shown, the H-bridge output module adopts VNH7100 chip, has multi-channel, over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage and over-heat protection functions, and can output 10A high current H-bridge; the H-bridge output module circuit is as follows Fig.36 shown.

Claims

1. A battery management system controller, characterized in that: The controller includes a power module and a microprocessor module. The power module is connected to the microprocessor module, and the power module and the microprocessor module are respectively connected to the functional modules. The functional modules include a CAN communication module, a LIN communication module, an isoSPI communication module, a high-side and low-side output module, an analog signal input module, a digital signal input module, a PWM output module and an H-bridge output module. The power module supplies power to each functional module, and the microprocessor module is the carrier of the algorithm and control strategy of the controller. The CAN communication module is used for the controller to communicate with an external controller, to send and receive CAN signals, and to realize real-time communication with other nodes of the vehicle CAN network. The LIN communication module communicates with the slave nodes as the master node of the LIN bus. The isoSPI communication module is used for signal transmission between the controller and the battery status acquisition unit, so that the controller can understand the working status of the battery in real time so as to execute the corresponding control logic; the high-side and low-side output modules are used to receive the control signal sent by the microprocessor module to realize the switch control of any channel, thereby ensuring accurate control of external devices; the analog signal input module is used for real-time monitoring of external analog signals and internal power supply voltages; the digital signal input module is used to process the external input digital signal and transmit it to the microprocessor module; the PWM output module can not only change the output signal by adjusting the pulse width to realize accurate control of external devices, but also is compatible with the low-side output function; the H-bridge output module receives the control signal sent by the microprocessor module, controls the state of the switch according to the control signal, thereby controlling the rotation direction and speed of the motor.

2. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microprocessor module includes a microprocessor chip, and the peripheral circuits connected to the microprocessor chip include a clock signal circuit, a JTAG interface circuit, a power supply interface circuit, an air pressure monitoring circuit and a reset circuit; the microprocessor chip adopts a TMS570 chip; the clock signal circuit uses a 16M crystal oscillator, with 2 matching capacitors, and the two output signals are directly connected to the clock pin of the microprocessor chip; the JTAG interface circuit is directly led from the microprocessor chip pin to the 7-Pin The pin is connected to the JTAG contact, and the pin is pulled up to 3.3V or pulled down to the ground with a 4.7K resistor in series, which is used to realize the download and debugging functions of the program; the power supply interface circuit is to connect the decoupling capacitor to the power supply pin of the microprocessor chip to filter out the noise interference of the power supply line, so that the microprocessor chip can work stably. The power supply voltage comes from the 5V, 3.3V and 1.2V power supply of the power module. Each power supply line of the microprocessor chip is externally connected to a decoupling capacitor, and an anti-vibration capacitor is additionally added at the source of 5V, 3.3V and 1.2V to ensure voltage stability and filter out low-frequency interference; the air pressure monitoring circuit adopts an atmospheric pressure monitoring chip, which is connected to the I2C pin of the microprocessor chip, and is used to monitor the air pressure state in real time, so as to make real-time adjustments for external devices under different air pressure values ​​to ensure stable operation; the reset circuit adopts a watchdog chip, and the GPIO pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the signal input pin of the watchdog chip as a dog feeding signal. The reset circuit is used to ensure that the microprocessor chip can be reset in time and restart when the program runs away or crashes.

3. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module adopts BUCK1 chip, which is respectively connected to 1 LDO1 chip, LDO2 chip, LDO3 chip, LDO4 chip for internal power supply and 2 LDO1 chips for external sensor power supply, wherein the power supply range of BUCK1 chip is 3.3V-40V, and the output voltage rail of 5.76V is used as the input power supply of LDO chip; 1 LDO1 chip for internal power supply and 2 LDO1 chips for external sensor power supply generate 3 5V power supplies, and each 5V output current is 200mA; LDO2 chip generates 1.2V power supply, and provides 1A output current at most; LDO3 chip generates 3.3V power supply, and provides 1A output current at most; 5V, 3.3V and 1. The 2V power supply is used to power the microprocessor module, which improves the working stability of the microprocessor chip. The LDO4 chip generates a 5V reference voltage as the analog reference voltage of the microprocessor chip. The output voltage of the internally powered LDO1 chip, LDO2 chip, and LDO3 chip is monitored through the analog signal acquisition port of the microprocessor module to ensure that the system understands the current voltage value in real time. The input end of the BUCK1 chip is also connected to a power supply filter circuit and a wake-up signal input circuit. The power supply filter circuit filters out the interference signal on the power supply line and the influence of surge voltage and current on the stability of the BUCK1 chip on the one hand, and filters out the external electromagnetic interference signal generated by the BUCK1 chip on the other hand. The wake-up signal input circuit can receive the input of the wake-up signal source. The LDO4 chip adopts the ADR365 chip, and two parallel capacitors are connected in series between the VIN pin and the GND pin of the ADR365 chip; the VOUT pin of the ADR365 chip is divided into two branches, one branch outputs a 5V reference voltage, and the other branch is connected to GND through a capacitor.

4. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CAN communication module is used to correctly receive CAN information and communicate with the external system in real time; the CAN communication module adopts two CAN transceiver chips to realize 3-way CAN communication, and has 3 independent enable and disable control functions, of which 1-way CAN communication also has a wake-up function and is one of the wake-up sources of the power module; one end of the two CAN transceiver chips is connected to the CAN controller carried by the microprocessor chip, and the other end is connected to the CAN physical bus interface circuit. The interface circuit is implemented in the same way, that is, a common-mode choke, a bypass capacitor and a balancing resistor are connected in series on the two differential signals at the output end.

5. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LIN communication module adopts a LIN communication chip, and an INH pin and a LIN pin of the LIN communication chip are connected in series with a diode and a 1K resistor to realize the active working mode of the LIN communication module.

6. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isoSPI communication module is used for data transmission between the controller and the battery status acquisition unit, so that the controller can understand the working status of the battery in real time so as to execute the corresponding control logic; the isoSPI communication module is sequentially provided with an isolation interface chip, a balanced filter circuit, a protection circuit, and an isolation transformer from the SPI signal end of the microprocessor module, the isolation interface chip adopts a 2-wire isoSPI serial peripheral interface, the isoSPI serial peripheral interface converts a full-duplex SPI signal of up to 1Mbps into an isoSPI differential signal, and then connects the balanced filter circuit and the isolation transformer through a twisted pair to transmit the isoSPI differential signal; The circuit of the isoSPI communication module is as follows: the four SPI signals SPI4-MOSI, SPI4-MISO, SPI4-CLK, and SPI4-nCS-ISO output by the microprocessor module are directly connected to the signal input end of the isolation interface chip LTC6820, and the three signal lines SPI4-MOSI, SPI4-MISO, and SPI4-nCS-ISO are pulled up to the 5V0 power supply through a 4K7 resistor; the EN, Vdds, POL, PHA, VDD, and MSTR pins of the isolation interface chip LTC6820 are connected to the 5V0 power supply and grounded through a 100nF capacitor; The IBIAS pin of the isolation interface chip LTC6820 is connected in series with a 2K8 resistor and a 1K2 resistor and then grounded, and the middle point of the 2K8 resistor and the 1K2 resistor is connected to the ICMP pin of the isolation interface chip LTC6820; the isoSPI differential signal output by the isolation interface chip LTC6820 is connected to the isoSPI bus after passing through a balanced filter circuit, a protection circuit and an isolation transformer HMU2103; wherein, the balanced filter circuit is composed of two 100pF capacitors, one 4.7nF capacitor, and two 60.4R resistors; the protection circuit is composed of a dual-path protection diode, and the two paths are respectively connected in parallel between the two lines and the ground.

7. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high and low side output module adopts the NCV7708 high and low side chip, which can provide 6 high side switch outputs and 6 low side switch outputs. A single channel can support a maximum current of 0.5A and has overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, short circuit and overheating protection functions; the NCV7708 high and low side chip adopts SPI bus communication and can realize switch control of any channel.

8. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analog signal input module provides 11 external analog signal input detection channels and 4 power supply voltage monitoring circuits; each external analog signal input detection channel includes a voltage divider circuit, a filter circuit and a protection circuit. Each external analog signal input detection channel can be converted into voltage type detection or resistance type detection according to specific needs, which is convenient for different detection needs. The 0-12V external analog signal input detection channel is collected by the microprocessor chip after resistance voltage division; each power supply voltage monitoring circuit includes a voltage divider circuit, a filter circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit ensures the safety of the analog signal acquisition circuit when a high voltage pulse signal interferes, and protects the microprocessor chip from damage.

9. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital signal input module includes 9 external digital signal detection circuits and 1 external frequency signal detection circuit; each external digital signal input is transmitted to the microprocessor module after passing through a voltage divider circuit and a filter circuit, and a high level is valid; the external frequency signal is transmitted to the microprocessor module after passing through a voltage divider circuit and a filter circuit.

10. A battery management system controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PWM output module provides 6 PWM outputs, each of which uses a high-power transistor and is implemented in conjunction with a protection circuit. It has overcurrent, overtemperature and clamping protection functions, and is compatible with low-side output functions. Two of the outputs support frequency and duty cycle readback; the maximum operating current of the high-power transistor is IDMAX=15A; The H-bridge output module adopts the VNH7100 chip, has multi-channel, over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage and over-heat protection functions, and can output a 10A high current H-bridge.

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