High and cold mining area soil meteorological environment three-dimensional monitoring equipment and monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model provides a high and cold mining area soil meteorological environment three-dimensional monitoring device and a monitoring system, and relates to the field of plateau environment monitoring, a monitoring rod comprises a top end and an embedded end, and the embedded end is provided with an expansion part for increasing the bottom area of the monitoring rod; the data acquisition unit comprises a plurality of acquisition modules and a collection module in signal connection with the acquisition modules, the acquisition modules are used for monitoring soil moisture content, weather information and environment information, and the collection modules are fixed on the monitoring rod and used for collecting the acquired soil moisture content, weather information and environment information; the data transmission unit is in signal connection with the collection module, and the data transmission unit is used for uploading the collected soil moisture content, weather information and environment information to a remote data processing server. According to the application, the extension part is arranged at the embedded end of the monitoring rod, so that the stability of the monitoring rod is improved, and the monitoring rod resists severe geography and natural environments; moreover, diversified information parameters are obtained, and support data are provided for research on the influence of mining in a mining area on the ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of plateau environment monitoring, in particular to a three-dimensional monitoring device and a monitoring system for the soil meteorological environment in a high-cold mining area. Background Art

[0002] After mining underground, it is easy to induce mudslides, surface collapse, and soil erosion, which directly affect the safety of underground production and disturb the surface soil, seriously affecting hydraulic parameters such as soil moisture content and soil hydraulic conductivity, affecting soil fertility and soil-plant system balance, and posing a serious threat to the ecological environment of the mine. Therefore, real-time monitoring of soil meteorology and ecological environment in the mining area is particularly important for mine safety production.

[0003] Mine soil meteorological environment monitoring refers to the real-time monitoring of various soil and meteorological information at different locations and altitudes within the mining area, providing scientific guidance for efficient mine production, emergency management and ecological environmental protection.

[0004] The climate conditions in the high-cold mining area are complex and the environment is harsh, such as cold and dry, high altitude, low air pressure, strong winds, complex landforms, etc. These have put forward severe requirements on the meteorological and ecological environment of the soil in the mining area. The existing monitoring stations have the following shortcomings:

[0005] 1. Failure to implement diversified monitoring of mining ecological environment parameters;

[0006] 2. The conditions in the alpine mining area are complex, and the monitoring stations are easily disturbed by human and natural factors, which makes the monitoring stations vulnerable to damage and the maintenance cost of the monitoring stations is high. For example, in windy weather or collisions with wild animals, the monitoring stations are prone to tilting and falling, which not only causes damage to the monitoring stations, but also makes the meteorological information obtained inaccurate.

[0007] 3. The signal transmission effect is unstable and it is difficult to meet the requirements of long-term monitoring.

[0008] Therefore, how to stably and automatically monitor the soil meteorological and ecological environmental elements in high-altitude mining areas in real time is a technical problem that needs to be solved by technical personnel in this field. Utility Model Content

[0009] The utility model provides a three-dimensional monitoring device and a monitoring system for the meteorological environment of soil in a high-cold mining area, and aims to solve the problem that the existing monitoring sites are prone to failure in complex environments.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the utility model provides a three-dimensional monitoring device for the soil meteorological environment in a high-cold mining area, comprising:

[0011] The monitoring rod comprises a top end and an embedded end, wherein the embedded end is provided with an expansion portion for increasing the bottom area of ​​the monitoring rod;

[0012] The data acquisition unit includes a plurality of acquisition modules and a collection module connected to the acquisition module signals, wherein the acquisition module is used to monitor soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information, and the collection module is used to collect the acquired soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information;

[0013] A data transmission unit is connected to the collection module by signal, and is used to upload the collected soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information to a remote data processing server.

[0014] Preferably, a cross-shaped mounting frame is provided at the top of the monitoring rod, and the acquisition module includes a soil moisture monitoring module, a meteorological monitoring module and an environmental monitoring module;

[0015] The soil moisture monitoring module includes a soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector and a soil evaporation sensor. The soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector is buried in the humus layer, eluvial layer and sedimentation layer of the surface soil. The soil evaporation sensor is buried in the surface soil. The soil evaporation sensor and each of the soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collectors are connected to the collection module signal.

[0016] The meteorological monitoring module includes a rain gauge, a wind direction, wind speed, and air humidity integrated sensor, and a light intensity sensor, and the rain gauge, wind direction, wind speed, and air humidity integrated sensor, and the light intensity sensor are connected to the signal of the collection module;

[0017] The environment monitoring module is a camera, and the camera is connected to the collection module by signal;

[0018] The rain gauge, wind direction, wind speed and air humidity integrated sensor, light intensity sensor and camera are respectively arranged at the ends of the cross-shaped mounting frame.

[0019] Preferably, the collection module is a monitoring host, and the monitoring host is signal-connected with the soil moisture monitoring module, the meteorological monitoring module and the environmental monitoring module;

[0020] The data transmission unit includes a transmission module, the monitoring host is connected to the transmission module by signal, and the transmission module is provided with an antenna;

[0021] The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas also includes an energy source, which is electrically connected to the monitoring host and the transmission module.

[0022] Preferably, the three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the soil meteorological environment in the high-cold mining area further comprises a cabinet, which is arranged in the middle or lower middle part of the monitoring rod, and the monitoring host and the transmission module are arranged in the cabinet;

[0023] The energy source includes a photoelectric conversion module and a battery. The photoelectric conversion module is electrically connected to the monitoring host and the transmission module through the battery.

[0024] Preferably, the photoelectric conversion module is a solar panel, and the solar panel is rotatably arranged in the middle or lower middle part of the monitoring rod.

[0025] Preferably, the antenna is a Yagi antenna.

[0026] Preferably, the expansion part has n levels, each level of expansion part has at least one anti-torque rod, the anti-torque rod in the n-level expansion part is arranged in the radial direction of the anti-torque rod or the monitoring rod in the n-1 expansion part and the plane where the anti-torque rod is located is parallel to the ground plane, and n is a positive integer greater than zero.

[0027] Preferably, the three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the soil meteorological environment in high-altitude mining areas also includes a fence, and the fence ring is arranged outside the monitoring pole.

[0028] Preferably, a Beidou locator is also provided at the top of the monitoring pole, and the Beidou locator is connected to the remote data processing server by signal to obtain geographic location information.

[0029] The present application also discloses a monitoring system, which adopts the aforementioned three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the meteorological environment of the soil in the high-cold mining area, and includes at least one three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the meteorological environment of the soil in the high-cold mining area.

[0030] The above solution of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This application improves the stability of the monitoring pole by setting an extension part at the buried end of the monitoring pole, resists the harsh geographical and natural environment of the plateau mining area, and realizes the acquisition of diversified information parameters. It can more realistically and accurately reflect the information of the high-cold mining area and provide supporting data for the study of the impact of mining on the ecological environment in the mining area.

[0032] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0034] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0035] 1- monitoring pole, 11- cross-shaped mounting frame, 2- extension part, 31- soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector, 32- soil evaporation sensor, 34- rain gauge, 35- wind direction, wind speed and air humidity integrated sensor, 36- light intensity sensor, 38- camera, 4- data acquisition unit, 41- monitoring host, 42- cabinet, 43- solar panel, 44- battery, 5- antenna, 6- Beidou positioning instrument, 7- fence. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a three-dimensional monitoring device for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas, including a monitoring pole 1, a data acquisition unit 4 and a data transmission unit, wherein the monitoring pole 1 has a top end and a buried end, and the buried end is provided with an extension part 2 for increasing the bottom area of ​​the monitoring pole 1, and the extension part 2 can enhance the stability of the monitoring pole 1, and has a good anti-falling effect under strong wind conditions. The data acquisition unit 4 includes a collection module, and the collection module signal is connected to a plurality of collection modules, and the collection module is arranged on the monitoring pole 1.

[0038] The collection module is used to monitor soil moisture, meteorological information, environmental information and other information. The collection module collects and stores the soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information monitored by the collection module. The data transmission unit is connected to the collection module signal, and the data transmission unit is used to transmit the stored soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information to the remote data processing server. The user can use a terminal device such as a computer or a mobile phone to obtain the information on the remote data processing server in real time.

[0039] In this application, the acquisition module is used to obtain soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information, which can realize diversified monitoring of the mine ecological environment, real-time processing, analysis and prediction, and provide scientific guidance for the efficient production, stress management and ecological environment protection of the mine.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, a cross-shaped mounting frame 11 is provided at the top of the monitoring pole 1, and the center of the cross-shaped mounting frame 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the monitoring pole 1. The acquisition module includes a soil moisture monitoring module, a meteorological monitoring module and an environmental monitoring module. The soil moisture monitoring module includes a soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector 31 and a soil evaporation sensor 32. The soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector 31 is buried in the humus layer, eluvial layer and sedimentation layer of the surface soil, respectively. The soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector 31 is used to monitor the time series distribution characteristics of the soil temperature, humidity and conductivity of each layer. In this embodiment, three soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collectors 31 are provided, and the buried depths are 30, 60 and 200 cm, respectively, to correspond to the thickness of the humus layer, eluvial layer and sedimentation layer. The soil evaporation sensor 32 is buried in the surface soil to monitor the soil moisture condition and the water evaporation rate.

[0041] The soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector 31 and the soil evaporation sensor 32 are both connected to the collection module signal. To ensure good signal transmission, the soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector 31 and the soil evaporation sensor 32 are both connected to the collection module by wire, and the line passes through the inside of the monitoring pole 1.

[0042] The meteorological monitoring module includes a rain gauge 34, an integrated wind direction, wind speed and air humidity sensor 35 and a light intensity sensor 36. The rain gauge 34, the integrated wind direction, wind speed and air humidity sensor 35 and the light intensity sensor 36 are wired for signal transmission with the collection module.

[0043] The environmental monitoring module is a camera 38, and the camera 38 has a wired signal transmission with the collection module. The camera 38 is used to take real-time photos and videos of the plateau mining area environment, monitor and record the changes in the surface ecological environment and soil erosion in the plateau mining area. Preferably, the camera 38 is a camera 38 with a rotation function.

[0044] The rain gauge 34, the integrated wind direction, wind speed and air humidity sensor 35, the light intensity sensor 36 and the camera 38 are respectively arranged at the four ends of the cross-shaped mounting frame 11. On the one hand, it is convenient for disassembly and assembly. On the other hand, the cross-shaped mounting frame 11 is located at the top of the monitoring pole 1, without any obstructions, so that meteorological environment data can be better obtained.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, a monitoring host 41 is used as a collection module, and the monitoring host 41 is wiredly connected to the soil moisture monitoring module, the meteorological monitoring module, and the environmental monitoring module to transmit signals. The data transmission unit also includes a transmission module, which is wiredly connected to the monitoring host 41, and an antenna 5 is provided on the transmission module. The transmission module amplifies the transmission signal through the antenna 5 and transmits the acquired soil moisture, meteorological information, and environmental information to the remote data processing server.

[0046] The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas also includes an energy source, which is electrically connected to the monitoring host 41 and the transmission module through wires to supply power to them.

[0047] In this embodiment, soil moisture conditions, meteorological information and environmental information are obtained, and the above information is converted into digital signals, and transmitted to a remote data processing server through a data transmission unit. The remote data processing server visualizes the above information, and users can obtain the above data through terminal devices and analyze and study them.

[0048] Preferably, the present application also includes a cabinet 42, which is arranged in the middle or lower middle part of the monitoring pole 1 to lower the center of gravity of the entire device to adapt to windy weather. The aforementioned monitoring host 41 and transmission module are arranged in the cabinet 42. The aforementioned energy source includes a photoelectric conversion module and a battery 44, and the photoelectric conversion module is electrically connected to the monitoring host 41 and the transmission module through the battery 44. Preferably, the battery 44 adopts a lithium battery, which has a low self-discharge rate and is suitable for use in low temperature environments in high-cold mining areas.

[0049] In this embodiment, the photoelectric conversion module is connected to the battery 44 and charges the battery 44 , and the battery 44 can provide stable power supply for various electrical components.

[0050] Further, the photoelectric conversion module is a solar panel 43, and the solar panel 43 is arranged in the middle or lower middle part of the monitoring pole 1. Preferably, the solar panel 43 has a light-chasing function, and the light-chasing function of the solar panel 43 can be realized by existing technology, such as the method disclosed in patent CN202217187U.

[0051] Preferably, the antenna 5 is a Yagi antenna, which helps to improve the gain effect of the antenna 5, improve the phenomenon of weak signals in the mining area, and enhance the signal transmission capability.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the expansion part 2 has n levels, and each level of the expansion part 2 has at least one anti-torque rod. The anti-torque rod in the n-level expansion part 2 is arranged in the radial direction of the anti-torque rod or the monitoring rod 1 in the n-1 expansion part 2, and the plane where the anti-torque rod is located is parallel to the ground plane, and n is a positive integer greater than zero. Preferably, the monitoring rod 1 and the anti-torque rod are weldable materials.

[0053] For example, when the expansion part 2 has one level (ie n=1), the first level expansion part 2 includes a plurality of first anti-torque rods, which are arranged along the radial direction of the monitoring rod 1, and the plane where each first anti-torque rod is located is parallel to the ground plane.

[0054] When the extension part 2 has two or more stages, taking two stages as an example (i.e. n=2), the first stage extension part 2 includes a plurality of first anti-torque rods, which are arranged along the radial direction of the monitoring rod 1, and the plane where the first anti-torque rods are located is parallel to the ground plane. A second stage extension part 2 is formed on each first anti-torque rod, and the second stage extension part 2 includes a second anti-torque rod, which is arranged along the radial direction of each first anti-torque rod, and the plane where the second anti-torque rods are located is parallel to the ground plane.

[0055] According to the above method, the extension part 2 can be expanded in multiple stages. This setting method of the extension part 2 is suitable for the situation where the strata in the mining area are complex. Specifically, the strata in the mining area have a large amount of rocks. When the conventional high-mouth cup foundation is used for burial, the pit excavated for burial is prone to unevenness due to the ore, resulting in the high-mouth cup foundation being unable to maintain a vertical state when buried, thereby causing the monitoring pole 1 to tilt, increasing the risk of the monitoring equipment falling over. The extension part 2 provided in the present application is convenient for welding. When digging and burying the pit, even if there is an uneven situation, the user can also adaptively weld the extension part 2 according to the terrain shape in the pit, which can effectively prevent the monitoring pole 1 from tilting. When backfilling the soil, the soil can be in full contact with the extension part 2, which can effectively prevent the detection standing pole from being blown down in windy weather and improve stability.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, a Beidou locator 6 is also provided at the top of the monitoring pole 1, and the Beidou locator 6 is connected to a remote data processing server signal to obtain geographic location information.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the soil meteorological environment in high-altitude mining areas also includes a fence 7, which is arranged outside the monitoring pole 1 to prevent animals from colliding with the monitoring pole 1.

[0058] Preferably, a fixing plate is also provided on the monitoring rod 1. When the monitoring rod 1 is fixed and the soil is backfilled, the fixing plate is used to cover the bottom of the monitoring rod 1 exposed from the soil.

[0059] The present application also provides a monitoring system, including at least one high-cold mining area soil meteorological environment three-dimensional monitoring device, and several high-cold mining area soil meteorological environment three-dimensional monitoring devices are connected to the remote data processing server signal. The monitoring system can analyze the information of one or several areas and provide data support for the monitoring and analysis of the bottom surface settlement displacement of the area.

[0060] In this application, it can be applied to monitoring points at different altitudes in mining areas, such as the surface meadow layer of the highest altitude mine, the hillside of the mine, and the production and living areas of the mine at lower altitudes, to cover different micro-topography and habitat types. This can more comprehensively reflect the soil moisture conditions, meteorological elements, and changes in the surrounding environment in the high-cold mining areas, study their seasonal, interannual changes, and spatial distribution patterns, and explore the impact mechanism of mining activities on the meteorological environment of the surface soil in mining areas, including changes in soil moisture, soil thermal properties, changes in soil electrical conductivity, changes in rainfall, responses of the surrounding environment, etc., to provide a scientific basis and decision-making support for environmental protection.

[0061] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional monitoring device for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas, characterized in that: include: A monitoring rod (1) comprises a top end and a buried end, wherein the buried end is provided with an expansion portion (2) for increasing the bottom area of ​​the monitoring rod (1); A data acquisition unit (4) comprises a plurality of acquisition modules and a collection module connected to the acquisition module signals, wherein the acquisition module is used to monitor soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information, and the collection module is fixed on the monitoring rod (1) and is used to collect the acquired soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information; A data transmission unit is connected to the collection module by signal, and is used to upload the collected soil moisture, meteorological information and environmental information to a remote data processing server.

2. The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The top end of the monitoring rod (1) is provided with a cross-shaped mounting frame (11), and the acquisition module comprises a soil moisture monitoring module, a meteorological monitoring module and an environmental monitoring module; The soil moisture monitoring module comprises a soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector (31) and a soil evaporation sensor (32); the soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collector (31) is buried in the humus layer, eluvial layer and sedimentation layer of the surface soil; the soil evaporation sensor (32) is buried in the surface soil; the soil evaporation sensor (32) and each of the soil temperature, humidity and conductivity collectors (31) are connected to the collection module signals; The meteorological monitoring module comprises a rain gauge (34), a wind direction, wind speed and air humidity integrated sensor (35) and a light intensity sensor (36), and the rain gauge (34), the wind direction, wind speed and air humidity integrated sensor (35) and the light intensity sensor (36) are connected to the signal of the collection module; The environment monitoring module is a camera (38), and the camera (38) is connected to the collection module by signal; The rain gauge (34), wind direction, wind speed and air humidity integrated sensor (35), light intensity sensor (36) and camera (38) are respectively arranged at the ends of the cross-shaped mounting frame (11).

3. The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 2 is characterized by: The collection module is a monitoring host (41), and the monitoring host (41) is signal-connected to the soil moisture monitoring module, the meteorological monitoring module and the environmental monitoring module; The data transmission unit comprises a transmission module, the monitoring host (41) is connected to the transmission module by signal, and the transmission module is provided with an antenna (5); The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas also includes an energy source, which is electrically connected to the monitoring host (41) and the transmission module.

4. The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 3 is characterized by: The three-dimensional monitoring device for the soil meteorological environment in a high-cold mining area further comprises a cabinet (42), wherein the cabinet (42) is arranged in the middle or lower middle part of the monitoring rod (1), and the monitoring host (41) and the transmission module are arranged in the cabinet (42); The energy source comprises a photoelectric conversion module and a storage battery (44); the photoelectric conversion module is electrically connected to the monitoring host (41) and the transmission module via the storage battery (44).

5. The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 4 is characterized by: The photoelectric conversion module is a solar panel (43), and the solar panel (43) is rotatably arranged in the middle or lower middle part of the monitoring rod (1).

6. The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 3 is characterized by: The antenna (5) is a Yagi antenna (5).

7. The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The expansion part (2) has n levels, each level of the expansion part (2) has at least one anti-torque rod, the anti-torque rod in the n-level expansion part (2) is arranged in the radial direction of the anti-torque rod or the monitoring rod (1) in the n-1 expansion part (2), and the plane where the anti-torque rod is located is parallel to the ground plane, and n is a positive integer greater than zero.

8. The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for the soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas also includes a fence (7), and the fence (7) is arranged outside the monitoring pole (1).

9. The three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: A Beidou locator (6) is also provided at the top of the monitoring pole (1), and the Beidou locator (6) is connected to the remote data processing server by signal to obtain geographical location information.

10. A monitoring system, using the three-dimensional monitoring equipment for soil meteorological environment in high-cold mining areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: Includes at least one three-dimensional monitoring device for the soil meteorological environment in high-altitude mining areas.

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