Novel underwater bottom-supported in-situ substrate testing device
By designing a new underwater bottom-type in-situ bottom testing device, using the magnetic field to transmit torque to reduce internal resistance, and setting up a multifunctional test instrument, the problems of low test accuracy and single function in the deep-sea environment in the existing technology are solved, and high-precision and multifunctional testing effects are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420596859.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing underwater geomechanical testing instruments have internal resistance caused by sealing design in deep-sea environments that affect the accuracy of the test data, and the equipment has a single function and is not very adaptable.
A new type of underwater bottom-type in-situ bottom testing device is designed to transmit torque through a magnetic field, reduce internal resistance, and multi-functional propulsion components, shear testers and penetration testers are provided to meet different needs.
It realizes high-precision bottom quality testing in deep-sea environments, reduces internal resistance changes, ensures the accuracy of test data, and meets a variety of test needs through multifunctional design.
Smart Images
Figure CN222599404U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of deep-sea mineral resource development, in particular to a novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device. Background Art
[0002] The mechanical properties of the seafloor surface have a direct impact on the driving performance and safety of bottom-moving robots. Obtaining accurate parameter expressions such as shear strength and bearing capacity of the surface layer is crucial for the reasonable design of the robot's ground pressure.
[0003] Because underwater equipment, especially deep-sea equipment, has very high requirements for sealing and pressure resistance; when current geotechnical testing instruments use rigid connections to transmit torque, they will produce a certain amount of internal resistance due to the sealing design, which will affect the accuracy of the test data. In the early stage of use, the impact on accuracy can be reduced by calibration, but due to factors such as changes in water depth and increased wear, the impact on accuracy shows an unsteady trend. In addition, current testing instruments generally have relatively single functions and are not adaptable to terrains with large changes in bottom characteristics. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device with small internal resistance, small variation and controllable accuracy.
[0005] The novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom soil testing device provided by the utility model has a main frame which is a box-type frame and a ladder frame at the top thereof; a conical load-bearing head is arranged at the top of the ladder frame; a plurality of parallel keels are fixed at the bottom of the box-type frame, and independent propulsion assemblies are respectively fixed on the keels, and the propulsion assemblies are connected with a shear tester; a cabin at the top of the propulsion assembly is a closed space, in which a propulsion motor connected with an inner magnet is arranged, and an outer magnet connected with a rotatable screw rod is arranged at the bottom of the propulsion assembly; a lower cabin of the shear tester is meshed with the screw rod, and an upper cabin is fixedly connected with a lower cabin; a driving motor connected with an inner magnet is arranged in the upper cabin, and an outer magnet is arranged in the lower cabin, and the outer magnet is connected with a rotatable cross shear rod; a biological enrichment sampler sucks and enriches the attached water body through a water pump to complete the sampling of microorganisms in the water body; a ground pressure regulating assembly comprises a ground anchor screw fixed at the center of one corner of the box-type frame and a fan-shaped plate connected thereto; and ground pressure regulating assemblies are arranged at the four corners of the box-type frame.
[0006] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned device, the propulsion assembly includes a limit plate, a propulsion cabin, a propulsion cabin cover, a propulsion motor, an inner magnet, an isolation sleeve, an outer magnet, a limit rod and a screw; the limit plate is approximately L-shaped, and its bottom end is fixed to the keel at the bottom end of the box-type frame; the propulsion cabin is arranged on the top of the limit plate; the propulsion cabin is a cylindrical pressure-resistant cabin; a propulsion motor is fixed in the propulsion cabin, and the output end of the propulsion motor is downward and rigidly sleeved with an inner magnet; the bottom end of the propulsion cabin and the inner magnet are closed by a cylindrical isolation sleeve; an external magnet that can rotate in the same direction as the inner magnet is connected to the outside of the isolation sleeve through a bearing; the external magnet is cylindrical; a vertical limit rod is provided on the limit plate; the bottom end of the external magnet is rigidly clamped with a screw, and the other end of the screw can be rotatably connected to the bottom end of the limit plate.
[0007] In one embodiment of the above device, the propulsion cabin is a cylindrical pressure-resistant cabin, and the top end of the cabin is a propulsion cabin cover that is threadedly connected.
[0008] In one embodiment of the above device, the thread on the screw rod is trapezoidal, and a clamping plate is provided on the inner side of the limiting plate to limit and clamp the screw rod and the limiting rod respectively.
[0009] In one embodiment of the above device, the shear tester includes a shear lower cabin, an upper shear cabin, a drive motor, a rigid coupling, a dynamic torque sensor, an inner magnet, an isolation sleeve, an outer magnet and a cross shear rod; the lower shear cabin is cylindrical, and its side wall has two parallel connecting seats extending outward; the two connecting seat sliding sleeves are placed on the limit rod and mesh with the screw rod; the upper shear cabin is cylindrical and fixed to the upper end of the lower shear cabin; a drive motor is fixed to the top of the inner cavity of the upper shear cabin, and its output end is downward and connected to the rigid coupling; the rigid A dynamic torque sensor is arranged at the lower end of the coupling; an inner magnet is sleeved at the lower end of the dynamic torque sensor; a cylindrical isolation sleeve is located inside the cabin of the shear lower cabin, and seals the shear upper cabin and the inner magnet at the same time; an external magnet which can rotate in the same direction as the inner magnet is connected to the outside of the isolation sleeve through a bearing, and the external magnet is cylindrical; a cross shear rod is rigidly clamped at the bottom end of the external magnet, and the cross shear rod extends downward from the lower end of the shear lower cabin; a pressure-resistant sealing pad is arranged at the extending position of the cross shear rod; and the bottom end of the cross shear rod is a cross-shaped shear test plate.
[0010] In one embodiment of the above device, the propulsion assemblies respectively fixed on the keel are also connected to a penetration tester; the structure of the penetration tester is similar to that of the shear tester, except that the bottom end of the external magnet rigidly clamps a penetration test rod, and the bottom end of the penetration test rod is a conical drill bit.
[0011] In one embodiment of the above device, the watertight cable of the control element of the shear tester is surrounded by a drag chain; the drag chain is hinged by multiple groups of chain links, one end of the drag chain is fixed to the upper end of the box-type frame, and the other end is fixed to the lower cabin of the shear tester.
[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0013] 1. The propulsion assembly, shear tester and penetration tester all transmit torque through magnetic fields. The inner magnet is installed inside the pressure-resistant space, and the outer magnet is located outside. When the device is in use, the internal resistance only comes from the bearing, and the resistance changes little, making the final test accuracy controllable and ensuring the accuracy of the test data;
[0014] 2. The rod under the external magnet of the shear tester and penetration tester can be replaced according to different needs, turning into testers with different functions to meet various test research functions;
[0015] 3. The bio-enrichment sampler can be used to collect samples before, during and after seabed mining activities using the microbial sampling function. By analyzing the changes in the types and numbers of microorganisms, the impact of mining activities on the environment can be quantitatively assessed.
[0016] 4. Set up the ground pressure adjustment component to ensure that the tester will not sink into the soft sediment on the seabed due to its own weight when the bottom is soft and the bearing capacity is low during the test, which will affect the equipment safety and test accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of an embodiment of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main structure.
[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the medium shear tester.
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the expanded ground pressure regulating assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the relevant technical solutions. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0022] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device disclosed in this embodiment comprises a main frame 1, a load-bearing head 2, a propulsion assembly 3, a shear tester 4, a penetration tester 5, a drag chain 6, a bio-enrichment sampler 7 and a ground pressure adjustment assembly 8.
[0023] The main frame 1 is a box-shaped frame and a ladder frame at the top.
[0024] A conical load-bearing head 2 is arranged at the top of the ladder frame, which is used to connect with the upper cable when the device is folded or unfolded.
[0025] Two parallel keels are fixed at the bottom end of the box-shaped frame, and two independent propulsion components 3 are respectively fixed on the two keels. The two propulsion components are respectively connected to the shear tester 4 and the penetration tester 5.
[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the propulsion assembly 3 includes a limit plate 31 , a propulsion cabin 32 , a propulsion cabin cover 33 , a propulsion motor 34 , an inner magnet 35 , an isolation sleeve 36 , an outer magnet 37 , a limit rod 38 and a screw rod 39 .
[0027] The limiting plate 31 is approximately L-shaped, and its bottom end is fixed to the keel at the bottom end of the box-shaped frame; the top end of the limiting plate is provided with a propulsion cabin 32 .
[0028] The propulsion cabin 32 is a cylindrical pressure-resistant cabin, and its top is a threaded propulsion cabin cover 33. A propulsion motor 34 is fixed in the propulsion cabin, and the output end of the propulsion motor is downward and rigidly sleeved with an inner magnet 35. The bottom end of the propulsion cabin and the inner magnet are closed by a cylindrical isolation sleeve 36.
[0029] The outer side of the isolation sleeve 36 is connected to an outer magnet 37 which can rotate in the same direction as the inner magnet 35 through a bearing; the outer magnet is cylindrical. A vertical limit rod 38 is provided on the limit plate 31. The bottom end of the outer magnet is rigidly clamped with a screw rod 39, and the other end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the limit plate.
[0030] The inner magnet and the isolation sleeve, as well as the isolation sleeve and the outer magnet are connected through bearings without actual contact.
[0031] The thread on the screw rod 39 is trapezoidal. A clamping plate is arranged on the inner side of the limiting plate 31 to limit and clamp the screw rod and the limiting rod 38 respectively, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the screw rod and the limiting rod.
[0032] When the motor drives the inner magnet to rotate, the generated magnetic field drives the outer magnet to rotate, and finally drives the lead screw to rotate.
[0033] The shear tester 4 includes a shear lower chamber 41 , a shear upper chamber 42 , a drive motor 43 , a rigid coupling 44 , a dynamic torque sensor 45 , an inner magnet 46 , an isolation sleeve 47 , an outer magnet 48 and a cross shear rod 49 .
[0034] The shear lower chamber 41 is approximately cylindrical, and its side wall has two parallel connecting seats extending outward. The two connecting seats are slidably sleeved on the limit rod 38 and meshed with the screw rod 39.
[0035] The shear upper chamber 42 is cylindrical and is fixed to the upper end of the shear lower chamber 41 by bolts. A driving motor 43 is fixed to the top of the inner cavity of the shear upper chamber, and its output end is downward and connected to a rigid coupling 44; a dynamic torque sensor 45 is arranged at the lower end of the rigid coupling; an inner magnet 46 is sleeved at the lower end of the dynamic torque sensor, and a bearing for easy rotation is also arranged at the contact position between the inner magnet and the dynamic torque sensor.
[0036] The isolation sleeve 47 is located inside the shear lower chamber 41, and at the same time closes the shear upper chamber 42 and the inner magnet 46. The isolation sleeve 47 is connected to an outer magnet 48 that can rotate in the same direction as the inner magnet 46 through a bearing; the outer magnet is cylindrical. The bottom end of the outer magnet is rigidly clamped with a cross shear rod 49, which extends downward from the lower end of the shear lower chamber, and a pressure-resistant sealing pad is provided at the extended position of the cross shear rod. The bottom end of the cross shear rod is a cross-shaped shear test plate.
[0037] The structure of the penetration tester 5 is similar to that of the shear tester 4, except that a penetration test rod is rigidly clamped at the bottom end of the external magnet, and the bottom end of the penetration test rod is a conical drill bit.
[0038] The rods under the external magnets of the shear tester 4 and the penetration tester 5 of the device can be replaced according to different needs to become testers with different functions to meet various testing and research functions.
[0039] The drag chain 6 is hinged by multiple groups of chain links. One end of the two drag chains is fixed to the upper end of the box-shaped frame of the main frame, and the other end is fixed to the lower cabin of the shear tester and the penetration tester. The drag chain is mainly used to protect the deep-sea watertight cable whose position changes with the lifting and lowering of the sliding platform. The deep-sea watertight cable is used to transmit deep-sea control signals and sensor monitoring signals. After the watertight cable with different control elements at both ends is placed in the drag chain, the watertight cable will move with the drag chain inside the drag chain to avoid the risk of hanging or cutting the cable.
[0040] The bio-enrichment sampler 7 is fixed to the bottom of the box-shaped frame of the main frame. The bio-enrichment sampler sets different filtration levels according to the particle size of the microorganisms to be screened, and drives the water pump to suck the nearby water body through the motor to complete the microbial enrichment and multi-stage filtration and screening. When testing the mechanical properties of the bottom sediment, the bio-enrichment sampler can extract microbial samples from the environment as a reference value before carrying out underwater activities, so as to evaluate the disturbance caused by underwater activities on the environment.
[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the ground pressure adjustment assembly 8 includes a ground screw fixed to the center of one corner of the box-shaped frame of the main frame and three fan-shaped plates connected thereto. After adjusting to a suitable unfolding angle, the fan-shaped plates are locked by nuts. When the bottom is soft and the bearing capacity is low, the fan-shaped plates are fully unfolded to ensure that the tester will not sink into the soft sediment on the seabed due to its own weight, affecting the equipment safety and test accuracy; when the bottom is hard and the bearing capacity is strong, the fan-shaped plates can be fully retracted and stacked inside the frame.
[0042] A ground pressure regulating assembly 8 is provided at each of the four corners of the box-shaped frame of the main frame.
[0043] The working steps of the shear tester of this device are as follows:
[0044] 1. Start the propulsion motor of the propulsion assembly to drive the inner magnet to rotate. Under the action of the magnetic field, the inner magnet drives the outer magnet to rotate, and the outer magnet drives the screw to rotate, driving the shear motor and the cross shear plate to run downward, so that the cross shear plate is inserted into the soil to be tested at the target depth, and stop the propulsion motor.
[0045] 2. Start the drive motor, still through magnetic transmission, to drive the cross shear plate to rotate slowly, preferably 1 circle at 90° / min, and use the dynamic torque sensor to test and record the soil resistance to shear torque, and obtain the shear strength.
[0046] 3. After completing a depth test, continue to start the propulsion motor to control the cross shear plate to move downward to the next target depth, and complete the test again according to the above steps.
[0047] 4. After completing the test of all depths, drive the propulsion motor to reverse, control the shear motor cabin and the cross shear plate to move upward to the top of the trapezoidal screw to complete the test.
[0048] The advantages of using this device are:
[0049] 1. The propulsion assembly, shear tester and penetration tester all transmit torque through the magnetic field. The inner magnet is installed inside the pressure-resistant space, and the outer magnet is located outside. When the device is in use, the internal resistance only comes from the bearing, and the resistance changes little, making the final test accuracy controllable and ensuring the accuracy of the test data.
[0050] 2. The rod under the external magnet of the shear tester and penetration tester can be replaced according to different needs, turning it into a tester with different functions to meet a variety of test and research functions.
[0051] 3. Setting up a bio-enrichment sampler can utilize the microbial sampling function to conduct sampling at different periods before, during and after seabed mining activities. By analyzing the changes in the types and quantities of microorganisms, the impact of mining activities on the environment can be quantitatively evaluated.
[0052] 4. Set up the ground pressure adjustment component to ensure that the tester will not sink into the soft sediment on the seabed due to its own weight when the bottom is soft and the bearing capacity is low during the test, which will affect the equipment safety and test accuracy.
[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although detailed descriptions are made with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device, characterized by: It includes a main frame, a propulsion assembly, a shear tester, a bio-enrichment sampler and a ground pressure regulating assembly; The main frame is a box-type frame and a ladder frame at the top; a conical load-bearing head is arranged at the top of the ladder frame; a plurality of parallel keels are fixed at the bottom of the box-type frame, and independent propulsion components are respectively fixed on the keels, and the propulsion components are connected to the shear tester; The top cabin of the propulsion assembly is a closed space, in which a propulsion motor connected to an inner magnet is arranged, and the bottom end of the propulsion assembly is provided with an outer magnet connected to a rotatable screw rod; The lower cabin of the shear tester is meshed with the screw rod, and the upper cabin is fixedly connected to the lower cabin; a driving motor connected to an inner magnet is arranged in the upper cabin, and an outer magnet is arranged in the lower cabin, and the outer magnet is connected to a rotatable cross shear rod; The bio-enrichment sampler uses a water pump to suck and enrich the surrounding water to complete the sampling of microorganisms in the water; The ground pressure regulating assembly comprises a ground screw fixed at the center of one corner of the box-shaped frame and a sector plate connected thereto; the ground pressure regulating assembly is arranged at each of the four corners of the box-shaped frame.
2. The novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The propulsion assembly includes a limit plate, a propulsion cabin, a propulsion cabin cover, a propulsion motor, an inner magnet, an isolation sleeve, an outer magnet, a limit rod and a screw rod; The limit plate is approximately L-shaped, and its bottom end is fixed to the keel at the bottom end of the box-type frame; a propulsion cabin is arranged on the top of the limit plate; the propulsion cabin is a cylindrical pressure-resistant cabin; a propulsion motor is fixed in the propulsion cabin, and the output end of the propulsion motor is downward and rigidly sleeved with an inner magnet; the bottom end of the propulsion cabin and the inner magnet are closed by a cylindrical isolation sleeve; an external magnet that can rotate in the same direction as the inner magnet is connected to the outside of the isolation sleeve through a bearing; the external magnet is cylindrical; a vertical limit rod is provided on the limit plate; a screw rod is rigidly clamped at the bottom end of the external magnet, and the other end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the limit plate.
3. The novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The propulsion cabin is a cylindrical pressure-resistant cabin, and the top of the cabin is a propulsion cabin cover connected by threads.
4. The novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The thread on the screw rod is trapezoidal, and a clamping plate is arranged on the inner side of the limiting plate to limit and clamp the screw rod and the limiting rod respectively.
5. The novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by: The shear tester comprises a shear lower chamber, a shear upper chamber, a drive motor, a rigid coupling, a dynamic torque sensor, an inner magnet, an isolation sleeve, an outer magnet and a cross shear rod; The shear lower cabin is cylindrical, and its side wall has two parallel connecting seats extending outward; the two connecting seats are slidingly sleeved on the limit rod and meshed with the screw rod; The shear upper cabin is cylindrical and fixed to the upper end of the shear lower cabin; a driving motor is fixed to the top of the inner cavity of the shear upper cabin, and its output end is downward and connected to the rigid coupling; a dynamic torque sensor is arranged at the lower end of the rigid coupling; an internal magnet is arranged at the lower end of the dynamic torque sensor; The cylindrical isolation sleeve is located inside the shear lower cabin and seals the shear upper cabin and the inner magnet at the same time; the isolation sleeve is connected to an outer magnet that can rotate in the same direction as the inner magnet through a bearing, and the outer magnet is cylindrical; The bottom end of the outer magnet is rigidly clamped with a cross shear rod, which extends downward from the lower end of the shear lower cabin; a pressure-resistant sealing pad is arranged at the extended position of the cross shear rod; and the bottom end of the cross shear rod is a cross-shaped shear test plate.
6. The novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device according to claim 5 is characterized by: The propulsion components fixed on the keel are also connected to a penetration tester; the structure of the penetration tester is similar to that of the shear tester, the difference being that the bottom end of the external magnet is rigidly clamped with a penetration test rod, and the bottom end of the penetration test rod is a conical drill bit.
7. The novel underwater bottom-sitting in-situ bottom testing device according to claim 5 is characterized by: The watertight cable of the control element of the shear tester is surrounded by a drag chain; the drag chain is hinged by multiple groups of chain links, one end of the drag chain is fixed to the upper end of the box-shaped frame, and the other end is fixed to the lower cabin of the shear tester.