Battery pack shell and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack shell and a battery pack. The battery pack shell comprises a shell main body, the shell main body is defined by a plurality of side wall plates, and a containing space is formed in the middle of the shell main body; the air channel is formed in the side wall plate; at least one air inlet for communicating the accommodating space with the air passage and at least one air outlet for communicating the air passage with the outside of the shell main body are formed in a path through which the air passage passes; the air inlet control device is assembled at the air inlet so as to conduct the air inlet when the pressure in the accommodating space reaches a preset threshold value; and the anti-explosion valve is assembled at the exhaust port. According to the battery pack shell disclosed by the utility model, the air passages are formed in the side wall plates, so that the paths of gas discharge and flame spreading in the battery pack are prolonged, particulate matters are deposited in the air passages, the temperature and the pressure of the discharged gas are reduced, and the flame and the particulate matters are prevented from being sprayed out of the battery pack, and therefore, the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack shell. The utility model also relates to a battery pack provided with the battery pack shell. Background Art

[0002] With the country's planning and support for the development of the new energy vehicle industry, electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular, and the safety of electric vehicle batteries has become one of the important performance indicators of battery vehicles. The battery of an electric vehicle is mainly composed of a battery pack shell and a battery module in the shell. Based on the battery working environment requirements and safety technical specifications, the battery pack of an electric vehicle needs a certain dustproof and waterproof sealing function.

[0003] However, under abnormal conditions, when the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the battery module is damaged and melted, and a large amount of gas and flame are generated. The accumulation of this gas in the battery pack will cause the pressure inside the battery pack to continue to increase. If the gas generated by the battery module cannot be discharged outside the battery pack, the battery pack will explode.

[0004] In the prior art, an explosion-proof valve is usually provided on the battery pack casing. When the pressure of the battery pack is too high, the gas in the battery pack can be discharged through the explosion-proof valve. However, usually, the gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery has a high temperature, and the gas is discharged accompanied by flames and particulate matter generated by the battery module. When the gas is discharged directly to the outside of the battery pack through the explosion-proof valve, the high-temperature gas will carry flames and particulate matter and spray out of the battery pack, causing damage to vehicles or pedestrians near the battery pack, and causing new safety issues. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model aims to provide a battery pack casing, which can reduce the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gas from the battery pack and prevent flames and particulate matter from being ejected from the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0007] A battery pack shell, comprising a shell body, wherein the shell body is formed by a plurality of side wall plates, and a accommodating space is formed in the middle of the shell body; an airway is formed in the side wall plates; on the path through which the airway passes, at least one air inlet is provided to connect the accommodating space with the airway, and at least one exhaust port is provided to connect the airway with the outside of the shell body; an air intake control device is mounted at the air inlet to open the air inlet when the pressure in the accommodating space reaches a preset threshold value; and an explosion-proof valve is mounted at the exhaust port.

[0008] Furthermore, the air intake control device includes: a spike portion, fixedly retained on the side wall plate at the air inlet, and a gap connecting to the air inlet is provided in the circumferential direction of the spike portion; a membrane body, retained on the head of the spike portion and spaced apart from the head, the membrane body constituting a blockage of the air inlet; when the pressure in the accommodating space increases, the membrane body is driven to deform and approach the head of the spike portion so as to be punctured by the spike portion.

[0009] Furthermore, the air intake control device comprises: a first flame-blocking net fixedly held on the outer side of the membrane body.

[0010] Furthermore, the air intake control device includes: a second flame arrester net fixedly held between the root of the spike portion 21 and the air intake port.

[0011] Furthermore, the air intake control device includes: a mounting frame, fixedly mounted on the side wall plate around the air inlet, a transparent accommodating cavity connected to the air inlet is formed in the middle of the mounting frame, the spike portion is fixedly retained in the accommodating cavity, and the membrane body is sealed and fixed to the top of the mounting frame to form a seal for the accommodating cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing gasket is squeezed between the mounting frame and the side wall plate around the air inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, a filtering unit for filtering particulate matter in the airflow is provided in the airway.

[0014] Furthermore, the filter unit uses filter cotton.

[0015] Furthermore, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged opposite to each other on the two parallel side wall plates constituting the shell body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] The battery pack shell described in the utility model, by forming an air passage in the side wall plate, extends the path of gas discharge and flame spread in the battery pack, allows particulate matter to be deposited in the air passage, reduces the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gas, and prevents flames and particulate matter from being ejected from the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0018] The air intake control device is configured to have a structure including a spike portion and a membrane body. When the pressure in the accommodating space increases, the membrane body is driven by the gas to deform and approach the head of the spike portion, and is then punctured by the spike portion, so that the air intake control device can be quickly opened by the gas in the accommodating space and has a larger gas flow cross-sectional area, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0019] A first fire-blocking net is also provided on the outside of the membrane body. When thermal runaway occurs, the fine mesh pores on the first fire-blocking net can allow air to pass through, and the fine mesh pores can to a certain extent block the flame in the accommodation space from spreading into the airway, thereby preventing the flame from spraying out of the battery pack.

[0020] A second fire-blocking net is provided between the root of the spike portion and the air inlet. The fine mesh pores on the second fire-blocking net can further block the spread of flames, prevent the flames from spraying out of the battery pack, and improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0021] The installation frame constitutes the main frame of the air intake control device, so that the spike portion and the membrane body can be fixed in the accommodating cavity of the installation frame. The installation frame is provided to facilitate the installation of the air intake control device on the side wall plate around the air intake port.

[0022] A sealing gasket is provided between the mounting frame and the side wall plates around the air inlet, which blocks the gap between the mounting frame and the air inlet, improves the sealing between the mounting frame and the side wall plates, thereby preventing the flame in the battery pack from entering the airway through the gap between the mounting frame and the side wall plates, thereby reducing the fire filtering effect.

[0023] A filtering unit for filtering particulate matter in the airflow is provided in the airway, so as to filter the particulate matter in the airway and prevent the particulate matter from being discharged out of the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0024] The filter unit uses filter cotton to improve the filtering effect on particulate matter in the air flow and prevent the particulate matter from being discharged outside the battery pack.

[0025] The air inlet and the air outlet are respectively arranged on the two side wall plates opposite to each other of the shell body, which can extend the length of the air passage, thereby improving the cooling effect on the gas and further preventing the discharge of flames and particulate matter.

[0026] Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a battery generating element, the power generating element being accommodated in the battery pack housing as described above.

[0027] The battery pack described in the present invention and the battery pack housing described above have the same beneficial effects as those of the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the battery pack housing according to the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery pack housing according to the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the air intake control device according to the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 For this utility model Figure 2 A magnified view of the position shown in A;

[0033] Figure 5 For this utility model Figure 2 A magnified view of the position shown in B;

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Shell body; 2. Air intake control device; 3. Explosion-proof valve;

[0036] 11. Side wall panel; 12. Accommodation space; 13. Air inlet; 14. Exhaust port; 15. Passage;

[0037] 21. spike portion; 22. membrane body; 23. first fire-blocking net; 24. second fire-blocking net; 25. mounting frame; 26. sealing gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, if there are terms such as "first" and "second", they are also used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" and "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific circumstances.

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] This embodiment relates to a battery pack shell. In terms of overall structure, the battery pack shell of this embodiment includes a shell body 1, an air intake control device 2 and an explosion-proof valve 3.

[0044] The shell body 1 is surrounded by a plurality of side wall plates 11 to form a rectangular shell structure, and a receiving space 12 is formed in the shell body 1. The side wall plates 11 have cavities, and the cavities in the side wall plates 11 are interconnected to form an airway for exhaust in the side wall plates 11. The airway can extend the path for gas to be discharged outside the battery pack when the battery is thermally runaway, and an air inlet 13 connecting the receiving space 12 and the airway, as well as two exhaust ports 14 connecting the airway and the outside of the shell body 1 are formed on the corresponding side wall plates 11. The path for gas exhaust in the receiving space 12 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in addition, the side wall plate 11 on the shell body 1 is provided with a channel 15 for passing the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack. When the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack are installed in place, the channel 15 on the side wall plate 11 is blocked, and the positive and negative electrodes themselves will not affect the smoothness of the airway in the side wall plate 11.

[0045] The air intake control device 2 is arranged at the air intake port 13 on the side wall plate 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, when the gas pressure in the accommodating space 12 reaches a preset threshold, the air intake control device 2 can open the air intake port 13 to allow the gas to enter the airway through the air intake port 13 .

[0046] The explosion-proof valve 3 is arranged at the exhaust port 14 on the side wall plate 11. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the exhaust port 14 can be opened by being triggered by the gas in the airway.

[0047] As described above, by providing an air passage formed in the side wall plate 11, the path for gas discharge and flame spread in the battery pack is extended, particulate matter is deposited in the air passage, the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gas are reduced, and flames and particulate matter are prevented from being ejected from the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0048] Based on the above overall introduction, specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the air intake control device 2 of this embodiment includes a spike portion 21 and a membrane body 22. The spike portion 21 is fixedly held on the side wall plate 11 at the air inlet 13, and a gap communicating with the air inlet 13 is provided in the circumferential direction of the spike portion 21. The membrane body 22 is held at the head of the spike portion 21 and is spaced from the head, and the membrane body 22 can block the air inlet 13.

[0049] When the pressure in the accommodating space 12 increases, the membrane body 22 is driven to deform and approach the head of the spike portion 21 so as to be punctured by the spike portion 21. By setting the membrane body 22 and the spike portion 21, the membrane body 22 is pushed by the gas in the accommodating space 12, and bulges toward the spike portion 21, and undergoes elastic deformation. When the pressure in the accommodating space 12 reaches a certain threshold, the membrane body 22 is deformed and punctured by the head of the spike portion 21, thereby rupturing the diaphragm, so that the air intake control device 2 can be quickly opened by the gas in the accommodating space 12. The air inlet 13 has a large gas flow area, which can improve the smoothness of gas circulation and to a certain extent prevent the air inlet 13 and the air intake control device 2 from being blocked by particulate matter, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0050] It can be understood that when the elastic modulus of the membrane 22 is larger, the deformation of the membrane 22 is smaller under the same pressure, so the pressure required for the membrane 22 to be punctured by the spike 21, that is, the pressure threshold for opening the intake control device 2, is larger; and when the distance from the spike 21 to the membrane 22 is larger, the deformation required for the membrane 22 to touch the spike 21 is also larger, so the pressure that the membrane 22 needs to be subjected to is larger, that is, the pressure threshold for opening the intake control device 2 is larger. It can be seen that the value of the preset pressure threshold for opening the intake control device 2 is jointly determined by the elastic modulus of the membrane 22 and the distance from the spike 21 to the membrane 22.

[0051] In order to facilitate the fixing of the spike portion 21 and the membrane body 22 to the air inlet 13, as a feasible implementation method, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the air intake control device 2 of this embodiment includes a mounting frame 25, which is fixedly mounted on the side wall plate 11 around the air inlet 13. A receiving cavity communicating with the air inlet 13 is formed in the middle of the mounting frame 25, and the spike portion 21 is fixedly held in the receiving cavity. The membrane body 22 is sealed and fixed on the top of the mounting frame 25 to form a blockage of the receiving cavity. In a specific implementation, a plurality of mounting holes are provided in the circumference of the air inlet 13, and mounting holes corresponding to the mounting holes are provided on the mounting frame 25. The connecting member can fix the mounting frame 25 at the mounting hole through the mounting holes, thereby fixing the air intake control device 2. And the connecting member can be a bolt, so as to facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the air intake control device 2. At the same time, a mounting portion for attaching the membrane body 22 is formed on the mounting frame 25, and the spike portion 21 includes a conical needle located at the center of the mounting frame 25, and a bracket connected between the needle and the mounting frame 25.

[0052] In addition, in the present embodiment, the air intake control device 2 further includes a first fire-blocking net 23, which is fixedly held on the outside of the mold body. When thermal runaway of the battery pack occurs, the first fire-blocking net 23 can block the flame from spreading into the airway, prevent the flame from being ejected out of the battery pack, and improve the safety of the battery pack. Specifically, the first fire-blocking net 23 can be a conventional metal fire-blocking net well known to those skilled in the art. By setting a fine mesh pore structure on the first fire-blocking net 23, while ventilation is performed, it is difficult for the flame to pass through the metal net, thereby preventing the flame from spreading, and can block part of the particulate matter generated in the accommodating space 12 to a certain extent.

[0053] It is understandable that the particulate matter generated by thermal runaway of the battery pack is usually in a molten state, and some of the particulate matter can enter the airway through the first fire-blocking net 23. At the same time, because the particulate matter is in a high-temperature molten state, it is easy to catch fire and generate flames again after passing through the first fire-blocking net 23. In order to prevent this flame from being discharged outside the battery pack, as a feasible implementation method, the intake control device 2 of this embodiment also includes a second fire-blocking net 24, which is fixed between the root of the spike portion 21 and the air inlet 13, further improving the fire-blocking effect, and to a certain extent further blocking some of the particulate matter from entering the airway. In a specific implementation, the first fire-blocking net 23 and the second fire-blocking net 24 are formed with a mounting portion in the circumferential direction, and the connector can fix the first fire-blocking net 23 and the second fire-blocking net 24 to the mounting frame 25 through the mounting holes through the mounting portion.

[0054] In order to ensure the sealing between the intake control device 2 and the side wall plate 11, the Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, as a feasible implementation, the air intake control device 2 of this embodiment includes a sealing gasket 26, which is squeezed between the mounting frame 25 and the side wall plate 11 around the air intake port 13. The provision of the sealing gasket 26 improves the sealing performance between the air intake control device 2 and the side wall plate 11, thereby preventing gas, flames and particulate matter from entering the airway through the gap between the air intake control device 2 and the side wall plate 11, resulting in a decrease in the fire resistance of the air intake control device 2 and the filtering effect on particulate matter. In a specific implementation, part of the sealing gasket 26 is embedded in the mounting frame 25 to ensure the installation stability of the sealing gasket 26.

[0055] In order to further improve the deposition effect of particles in the airway, a filtering unit for filtering particles in the airflow may be provided in the airway of this embodiment to filter the particles so as to retain them in the airway and prevent the particles from clogging the exhaust port 14 and the explosion-proof valve 3.

[0056] Specifically, the filter unit can use filter cotton to filter particulate matter in the airflow. In specific implementation, the filter cotton can use high-temperature resistant filter cotton well known to technical personnel in this field, such as glass fiber filter cotton, high-temperature resistant synthetic fiber filter cotton, etc., which can prevent the filter cotton itself from being ignited by gas or flame while having a good filtering effect.

[0057] Since the air duct can cool the gas, extend the flame propagation path, and deposit particulate matter, it can be understood that the longer the air duct path, the better the cooling effect on the gas, and the more obvious the effect of preventing the ejection of flames and particulate matter.

[0058] Therefore, as a feasible implementation, the air inlet 13 and the exhaust port 14 of this embodiment are relatively arranged on two parallel side wall plates 11 constituting the shell body 1. With this arrangement, the airflow entering from the air inlet 13 needs to flow through the side wall plate 11 to the exhaust port 14 at the other end of the shell body 1 to be discharged. In the limited space of the battery pack shell, the airway path is further extended, the cooling effect of the gas and the effect of preventing the ejection of flames and particles are improved, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0059] In summary, the battery pack shell of the present embodiment, by forming an air passage in the side wall plate 11, extends the path for gas discharge and flame spread in the battery pack, allowing particulate matter to be deposited in the air passage, thereby reducing the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gas, and preventing flames and particulate matter from being ejected from the battery pack, thereby reducing damage to vehicles and pedestrians around the battery pack. In addition, the deposition of particulate matter in the air passage can also prevent the explosion-proof valve 3 from being blocked, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] The present embodiment relates to a battery pack, which includes an electricity generating element, and the electricity generating element is accommodated in the battery pack housing as described in the first embodiment.

[0062] Specifically, the power generating element is located in the accommodating space 12 in the battery pack shell, and the power generating element is a battery module that can output electrical energy to the outside of the battery pack.

[0063] The battery pack of this embodiment has the technical advantages of the battery pack shell in the first embodiment, and can improve the safety of the battery pack, thereby improving the use quality of the battery pack.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack housing, characterized in that: The battery pack housing includes: A shell body, wherein the shell body is surrounded by a plurality of side wall plates, and a receiving space is formed in the middle of the shell body; An air passage is formed in the side wall plate; on the path of the air passage, at least one air inlet is provided to connect the accommodation space with the air passage, and at least one air outlet is provided to connect the air passage with the outside of the shell body; An air intake control device, mounted at the air intake port, to open the air intake port when the pressure in the accommodation space reaches a preset threshold; An explosion-proof valve is assembled at the exhaust port.

2. The battery pack housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake control device comprises: A spike portion is fixedly held on the side wall plate at the air inlet, and a gap communicating with the air inlet is provided in the circumferential direction of the spike portion; A membrane body, which is held at the head of the spike portion and is spaced apart from the head, the membrane body forming a seal for the air inlet; When the pressure in the accommodation space increases, the membrane is driven to deform and approach the head of the thorn portion so as to be punctured by the thorn portion.

3. The battery pack housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air intake control device comprises: The first fire-blocking net is fixedly held on the outer side of the membrane body.

4. The battery pack housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air intake control device comprises: The second fire-blocking net is fixedly held between the root of the spike portion and the air inlet.

5. The battery pack casing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air intake control device comprises: The mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the side wall plate around the air inlet, and a transparent accommodating cavity connected to the air inlet is formed in the middle of the mounting frame, the spike portion is fixedly retained in the accommodating cavity, and the membrane body is sealed and fixed on the top of the mounting frame to form a blockage for the accommodating cavity.

6. The battery pack casing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air intake control device comprises: A sealing gasket is squeezed between the mounting frame and the side wall plate around the air inlet.

7. The battery pack housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filtering unit for filtering particles in the airflow is arranged in the air passage.

8. The battery pack housing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filter unit adopts filter cotton.

9. The battery pack housing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The air inlet and the air outlet are arranged opposite to each other on the two parallel side wall plates constituting the shell body.

10. A battery pack comprising an electricity generating element, characterized in that: The power generating element is housed in the battery pack casing according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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