Grain unloading mechanism and corn harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a grain unloading mechanism and a corn harvester, which comprise a cluster box, a support, a lifting mechanism and a conveyor belt assembly, the ear box is rotationally installed on a support through a hinge piece, a lifting mechanism is arranged on the support, and the output end of the lifting mechanism is connected with the ear box and used for driving the ear box to be lifted and turned over; a grain unloading surface is arranged in the ear box, and a conveying belt assembly capable of assisting grain unloading is arranged on the grain unloading surface. The lifting time of the cluster box can be shortened, the working efficiency is improved, and the problem that clusters are difficult to dump under the condition that the humidity of the clusters is high or the number of stalks is large can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a grain unloading mechanism and a corn harvester. Background Art

[0002] At present, the unloading structure of the ear box of wheeled corn harvesters is basically the same. The basic principle is to use two hydraulic cylinders to push the ear box to rotate around the top rotation axis, rotate the ear box to a certain angle, tilt the side wall of the ear box, and the ears slide down along the side wall (the side wall is the unloading surface) under the action of their own gravity, so as to achieve the dumping of the ears. Due to the limitation of the mechanical structure, in order to ensure that the turning angle of the ear box is the smallest when dumping the ears normally, the inclination angle of the side wall of the ear box is pre-designed. At the same time, the unloading oil cylinder is required to have a larger installation distance and stroke size, as shown in the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the normal working position of the fruit ear box. Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a grain box when it is turned over and unloaded. The existing grain unloading mechanism comprises a grain box 1', a grain box support 2', and a grain unloading oil cylinder 3'.

[0003] The existing ear box structure must meet two conditions to ensure that the ear can slide smoothly: 1. The side wall of the ear box is smooth and the friction resistance is as small as possible; 2. The angle between the side wall of the ear box and the horizontal plane is as large as possible. To ensure these two conditions:

[0004] 1. To ensure these two conditions, the turning angle of the ear box should be as large as possible, which requires the installation distance and stroke size specifications of the grain unloading oil cylinder to be very long, which increases the turning time of the ear box during grain unloading and reduces the user's operating efficiency;

[0005] 2. When the fruit ears are humid or mixed with straw and other debris, the friction resistance between the fruit ears and the side walls of the fruit ear box will increase, making it difficult to tip over the fruit ears.

[0006] Therefore, the key issues to be addressed are:

[0007] 1. Reduce the lifting time of the fruit box and improve the working efficiency;

[0008] 2. Solve the problem of difficulty in tipping over fruit clusters when the humidity is high or there are many stems. Utility Model Content

[0009] The utility model aims to provide a grain unloading mechanism, which can reduce the lifting time of a fruit ear box, improve the working efficiency, and solve the problem that the fruit ears are difficult to dump when the fruit ears are wet or have many stems.

[0010] Another object of the utility model is to provide a corn harvester, which can reduce the lifting time of the ear box, improve the working efficiency, and also solve the problem of difficulty in dumping the ears when the ear humidity is high or there are many stems.

[0011] The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in this way:

[0012] A grain unloading mechanism comprises a fruit ear box, a bracket, a lifting mechanism and a conveyor belt assembly;

[0013] The fruit ear box is rotatably mounted on the bracket through a hinge, a lifting mechanism is arranged on the bracket, and an output end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the fruit ear box to drive the fruit ear box to lift and flip;

[0014] The ear box is provided with a grain unloading surface, and a conveyor belt assembly capable of assisting in grain unloading is arranged on the grain unloading surface.

[0015] Further, the conveyor belt assembly includes a conveyor belt, a driving roller shaft, a driven roller shaft and a driving unit;

[0016] The active roller shaft and the driven roller shaft are located in the fruit ear box and are sequentially installed on the fruit ear box, and both ends of the active roller shaft and the driven roller shaft are respectively connected to the fruit ear box through bearings;

[0017] The conveyor belt is installed on the active roller shaft and the driven roller shaft, and the output shaft of the driving unit is transmission-connected with the active roller shaft.

[0018] Furthermore, two sides of the conveyor belt are respectively in contact with two opposite side plates on the fruit ear box.

[0019] Furthermore, the conveyor belt assembly also includes a conveyor belt base plate, which is located between the active roller shaft and the driven roller shaft and is fixedly connected to the fruit ear box.

[0020] Furthermore, the driving unit is a motor or an electric machine.

[0021] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism adopts a hydraulic cylinder.

[0022] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder can drive the ear box to flip around a first axis, the horizontal plane and the vertical plane where the first axis are located are perpendicular to each other, and when the ear box is flipped to an unloading state, the angle between the unloading surface and the vertical plane is in the range of 90° to 110°.

[0023] Furthermore, the angle ranges from 90° to 95°.

[0024] Furthermore, the hinged member is a rotating shaft or a hinge.

[0025] A corn harvester comprises a frame and the grain unloading mechanism, wherein the grain unloading mechanism is mounted on the frame through the bracket.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0027] The traditional grain unloading mechanism lifts the ear box to a very high height through the grain unloading oil cylinder so that the ear can be dumped out (that is, the angle between the unloading surface and the horizontal plane is large), while the present application arranges a conveyor belt assembly on the grain unloading surface in the ear box (the ear is dumped out along the grain unloading surface during unloading), so there is no need to lift the ear box to a very high height, and the angle between the unloading surface and the horizontal plane is small, and can even be in the same plane. This will reduce the stroke of the grain unloading oil cylinder, reduce the lifting time of the ear box, and improve working efficiency; and through the assisting effect of the conveyor belt assembly, even if the ear is very humid or has many stems, the ear in the ear box can be conveyed by the conveyor belt to achieve rapid unloading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the initial state of the traditional grain unloading mechanism in the prior art;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the middle ear box when it is in the unloading state after being turned over;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grain unloading mechanism of the utility model when it is turned over in the initial state;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grain unloading mechanism of the utility model in the state of overturning and unloading;

[0033] Figure 5 For this utility model Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the structure at center A;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model from the perspective of the feeding port of the fruit ear box.

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] 1- bunch box; 101- unloading surface; 102- first side plate; 103- second side plate; 104- unloading port; 2- bracket; 3- lifting mechanism; 4- rotating shaft; 5- conveyor belt assembly; 501- conveyor belt; 502- driving roller shaft; 503- driven roller shaft; 504- driving unit; 6- vertical surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0040] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Reference Figure 3-Figure 6 This embodiment provides a grain unloading mechanism, including a fruit ear box 1, a bracket 2, a lifting mechanism 3 and a conveyor belt assembly 5.

[0046] The fruit ear box 1 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 2 via a hinge. A lifting mechanism 3 is provided on the bracket 2. The output end of the lifting mechanism 3 is connected to the fruit ear box 1 to drive the fruit ear box 1 to be lifted and turned.

[0047] Specifically, the hinged member is a rotating shaft 4 or a hinge.

[0048] Preferably, the hinged member is a rotating shaft 4, the axial direction of the rotating shaft 4 is the y direction, and the turning direction of the fruit ear box is Ry.

[0049] The ear box 1 has a grain unloading surface 101, and the ears can be dumped out along the grain unloading surface 101 under the action of gravity when unloading. A conveyor belt assembly 5 that can assist in unloading is arranged on the grain unloading surface 101.

[0050] In an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the conveyor belt assembly 5 includes a conveyor belt 501 , an active roller 502 , a driven roller 503 and a driving unit 504 .

[0051] The active roller shaft 502 and the driven roller shaft 503 are located in the fruit ear box 1 and are sequentially installed on the fruit ear box 1 , and both ends of the active roller shaft 502 and both ends of the driven roller shaft 503 are respectively connected to the fruit ear box 1 through bearings.

[0052] The conveyor belt 501 is installed on the active roller shaft 502 and the driven roller shaft 503 , and the output shaft of the driving unit 504 is transmission-connected to the active roller shaft 502 .

[0053] Specifically, the two side plates on the bracket 2 relative to the two sides of the conveyor belt 501 are respectively the first side plate 102 and the second side plate 103, that is, the conveyor belt 501 is arranged between the first side plate 102 and the second side plate 103. Figure 6 The two ends of the active roller shaft 502 are rotatably connected to the first side plate 102 and the second side plate 103 through bearings, and the two ends of the driven roller shaft 503 are also rotatably connected to the first side plate 102 and the second side plate 103 through bearings.

[0054] When the conveyor belt 501 is actually installed, the two sides of the conveyor belt 501 (the two sides are the opposite sides along the width direction of the conveyor belt 501) can be respectively abutted against the first side plate 102 and the second side plate 103 (that is, there is no gap therebetween), or, one side of the conveyor belt 501 is abutted against the first side plate 102, and there is a small gap between the other side and the second side plate 103, and the gap is generally not larger than the size of the corn cob, so as to prevent the corn cob from leaking through the gap.

[0055] In an optional implementation manner of the present embodiment, the conveyor belt assembly 5 also includes a conveyor belt 501 substrate, which is located between the active roller shaft 502 and the driven roller shaft 503 and fixedly connected to the corn ear box 1. The conveyor belt 501 substrate can support the conveyor belt 501, that is, the side of the conveyor belt 501 that directly contacts the corn ears can be supported by the conveyor belt 501 substrate, and when the pressure of the corn ears acts on the conveyor belt 501, the deformation degree of the conveyor belt 501 is reduced.

[0056] Preferably, two sides of the conveyor belt 501 are respectively in contact with the first side plate 102 and the second side plate 103 .

[0057] In an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the driving unit 504 adopts a motor or an electric machine, and the driving unit 504 can be connected to the active roller shaft 502 for transmission through a transmission component. The transmission component can adopt a gear transmission component, a sprocket transmission component or a belt transmission component. The structures of these transmission components are all existing technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0058] An optional implementation manner of the present embodiment, the lifting mechanism 3 adopts a hydraulic cylinder, specifically two synchronously operating hydraulic cylinders, which are respectively arranged on the bracket 2 on one side of the first side plate 102 and on one side of the second side plate 103, and the cylinder ends of the two hydraulic cylinders are fixed on the bracket 2, and the rod ends are respectively hinged to the first side plate 102 and the second side plate 103, and the two hydraulic cylinders operate synchronously to drive the fruit cluster box 1 to flip around the rotating shaft 4.

[0059] Due to the design of the conveyor belt 501, the grain unloading mechanism does not require the side wall of the ear box 1 to be at a large angle with the horizontal plane when the ear box 1 is in the grain unloading state, so the ear box 1 does not need to be designed with a large tilt angle when it is initially designed, that is, the grain unloading surface 101 of the ear box 1 can be close to 90°, or even 90°, with the bottom plate of the ear box 1, so that the volume of the ear box 1 can be well improved. According to this scheme, the angle of lifting and flipping of the ear box 1 can be reduced; accordingly, the specifications and dimensions of the installation distance and stroke design of the hydraulic cylinder used for grain unloading can be greatly reduced, and the hydraulic cylinder can be flipped with a smaller formation (of course, the power-assisting effect of the conveyor belt 501 is also required at the same time), thereby reducing the grain unloading flipping time and improving work efficiency. According to this scheme, in the process of unloading the ear, it does not rely entirely on the gravity of the ear, but relies on the driving unit 504 to drive the conveyor belt 501 to act on the ear, and actively promotes the ear to fall, which can effectively solve the problem of the difficulty of the ear toppling in the scheme in the prior art under specific working conditions.

[0060] However, in the present application, due to the design of the conveyor belt 501 in the fruit ear box 1, after the fruit ear box 1 is lifted, the unloading surface 101 does not need to have a large angle with the horizontal plane. Here, the axis of the rotating shaft 4 is taken as the first axis, and the horizontal plane where the first axis is located is perpendicular to the vertical plane 6 where the first axis is located; preferably, when the fruit ear box 1 is flipped to the unloading state, the angle between the unloading surface 101 and the vertical plane 6 is a, and the range of a is 90° to 110°. At this time, the angle between the unloading surface 101 and the horizontal plane is in the range of 0° to 20°. More preferably, the range of the angle a between the unloading surface 101 and the vertical plane 6 is 90° to 100°. At this time, the angle between the unloading surface 101 and the horizontal plane is in the range of 0° to 10°. This can further reduce the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder and further reduce the flipping time.

[0061] In an optional implementation manner of the present embodiment, a vibrator is further provided on the ear box 1 to further improve the feeding effect and reduce or avoid the adhesion of the ear with high humidity to the inner wall of the ear box 1 through the vibration effect.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment provides a corn harvester, including a frame and the grain unloading mechanism, wherein the grain unloading mechanism is installed on the frame through the bracket 2.

[0064] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the utility model are:

[0065] 1. The present application adopts a conveyor belt 501 to actively drive the dumping of the fruit ears, and no longer relies on the inclination angle between the unloading surface 101 of the side wall of the fruit ear box 1 and the horizontal plane. The fruit ears are passively dumped by gravity. There is no need to design a large inclination angle when the fruit ear box 1 is initially designed, that is, the unloading surface 101 of the fruit ear box 1 can be close to 90°, or even 90° with the bottom plate of the fruit ear box 1 (based on the premise that the size of the unloading port 104 of the fruit ear box 1 remains unchanged), which effectively increases the volume of the fruit ear box 1;

[0066] 2. This solution uses a conveyor belt 501 to actively drive the ear to tip over, which can reduce the telescopic stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, and then the hydraulic cylinder can be replaced to form a smaller specification size, thereby reducing the user's flipping and unloading time and improving work efficiency;

[0067] 3. This solution uses a conveyor belt 501 to actively drive the fruit ears to tip over. Even if the fruit ears are very wet, the conveyor belt 501 can assist in unloading the grain, which can solve the problem of difficult fruit ears tipping over.

[0068] The original grain unloading structure of the prior art ear box 1 mainly relies on the passive unloading of grain by the gravity of the ear, which must satisfy the requirement that the grain unloading surface 101 of the side wall of the ear box 1 forms a large angle with the horizontal plane, so that the gravity is sufficient to resist the sliding friction, thereby realizing the grain unloading function, which leads to the problem that the volume of the ear box 1 will become smaller (the reason is that when the size of the unloading port of the ear box 1 remains unchanged, the angle between the grain unloading surface 101 and the ear box 1 is large), and the ear box 1 needs to be flipped at a large angle, making it difficult to unload grain. The solution of this application is changed to a belt-type active grain unloading structure, which can effectively solve the technical problems encountered in the original solution.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

[0070] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments is meant to be within the scope of the present invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the above claims, any one of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background technology section is intended only to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention and should not be regarded as an admission or in any form of implication that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0071] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0072] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A grain unloading mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a fruit ear box (1), a support (2), a lifting mechanism (3) and a conveyor belt assembly (5); The fruit ear box (1) is rotatably mounted on a bracket (2) via a hinge; a lifting mechanism (3) is provided on the bracket (2); an output end of the lifting mechanism (3) is connected to the fruit ear box (1) to drive the fruit ear box (1) to be lifted and turned over; The ear box (1) has a grain unloading surface (101) in it, and a conveyor belt assembly (5) capable of assisting in grain unloading is arranged on the grain unloading surface (101).

2. The grain unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveyor belt assembly (5) comprises a conveyor belt (501), a driving roller shaft (502), a driven roller shaft (503) and a driving unit (504); The active roller shaft (502) and the driven roller shaft (503) are located in the fruit ear box (1) and are sequentially installed on the fruit ear box (1), and both ends of the active roller shaft (502) and the two ends of the driven roller shaft (503) are respectively connected to the fruit ear box (1) through bearings; The conveyor belt (501) is installed on the active roller shaft (502) and the driven roller shaft (503), and the output shaft of the driving unit (504) is transmission-connected to the active roller shaft (502).

3. The grain unloading mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the conveyor belt (501) are respectively in contact with two opposite side plates on the fruit ear box (1).

4. The grain unloading mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveyor belt assembly (5) further comprises a conveyor belt (501) base plate, wherein the conveyor belt (501) base plate is located between the active roller shaft (502) and the driven roller shaft (503) and is fixedly connected to the fruit ear box (1).

5. The grain unloading mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving unit (504) is a motor or an electric machine.

6. The grain unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (3) adopts a hydraulic cylinder.

7. The grain unloading mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder can drive the ear box (1) to flip around a first axis, the horizontal plane where the first axis is located and the vertical plane (6) are perpendicular to each other, and when the ear box (1) is flipped to a grain unloading state, the angle between the grain unloading surface (101) and the vertical plane (6) is in the range of 90° to 110°.

8. The grain unloading mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle ranges from 90° to 95°.

9. The grain unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinged part is a rotating shaft (4) or a hinge.

10. A corn harvester, comprising a frame, characterized in that: It also comprises a grain unloading mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the grain unloading mechanism is mounted on the vehicle frame via the bracket (2).

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