Intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture, which comprises a femur, a main nail mounted on the inner wall of the femur, a first bone nail mounted on the surface of the main nail, a second bone nail mounted on the surface of the main nail, and a third bone nail mounted on the surface of the main nail, the third bone nail is installed below the second bone nail, the fixing nail is installed on the surface of the main nail in a matched mode and obliquely installed in the main nail, the reciprocating lead screw is installed at one end of the fixing nail in a matched mode, the second bone nail, the third bone nail and the fixing nail are of a triangular stable structure in the femur, and the expansion device is installed at one end of the fixing nail in a matched mode. The purposes that the interior of the femur can be supported during fixing, and displacement of the intramedullary nail is prevented are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of femoral medical treatment, in particular to an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures. Background Art

[0002] A femur fracture is a break in the thighbone (femur), and it can occur anywhere along the fracture site. Intramedullary nailing is a medical-surgical technique that is commonly used to treat femur fractures.

[0003] The background of intramedullary nail surgery can be traced back to the 1920s. Initially, the use of intramedullary nails was mainly to provide internal support to the bone to promote the healing and recovery of fractures. With the improvement and advancement of technology, the design and materials of intramedullary nails have also been improved, making the operation safer and more effective.

[0004] Intramedullary nailing is a procedure that inserts a metal nail into the femoral shaft to stabilize the fracture, thereby stabilizing the bone and promoting fracture healing. The procedure is usually performed under local or general anesthesia, with the nail inserted through an incision through the skin and soft tissue. Intramedullary nails are usually made of steel or titanium, which have sufficient strength and rigidity to support the stability of the fracture site.

[0005] However, the intramedullary nail for existing femoral fractures may be displaced during or after surgery, which may lead to bone instability or irreparable fracture. Therefore, in order to increase the stability of the intramedullary nail during use and prevent displacement of the intramedullary nail, an intramedullary nail is proposed that can support the inside of the femur during fixation and prevent displacement of the intramedullary nail. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, comprising a femur, a main nail being provided on the inner wall of the femur, a first bone nail being provided on the surface of the main nail, a second bone nail being provided on the surface of the main nail, a third bone nail being provided below the second bone nail, a fixing nail being adapted to be provided on the surface of the main nail, and an expansion device being adapted to be provided at one end of the fixing nail.

[0008] Furthermore, the first bone screw is installed vertically at 90 degrees on one side surface of the main screw.

[0009] Furthermore, the second bone screw and the third bone screw are both installed obliquely in the main screw.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing nail is installed obliquely inside the main nail, and a reciprocating screw rod is adapted to be provided at one end of the fixing nail.

[0011] Furthermore, the second bone screw, the third bone screw and the fixation screw form a triangular stable structure in the femur.

[0012] Furthermore, the expansion device includes a positioning ring fixedly mounted on the surface of the reciprocating screw rod, a limit plate is fixedly provided on one side of the positioning ring, an expansion rod is movably provided on the surface of the limit plate, a support ring is adapted to be provided on the surface of the reciprocating screw rod, a fixing ring is fixedly provided on one side of the support ring, support rods are evenly provided on the surface of the support ring, a support plate is adapted to be provided at one end of the support rod, and the support rod and the expansion rod are movably connected through the support plate.

[0013] Preferably, in order to provide better support for the femoral head and prevent displacement of the intramedullary nail, an expansion device is provided at one end of the fixing nail.

[0014] Preferably, in order to increase the fixation of the bone screw to the femur, a second bone screw is provided at one end of the main screw, and a third bone screw is provided at one end of the main screw.

[0015] Preferably, in order to increase the stability of the device, the second bone screw, the third bone screw and the fixation screw form a triangular stable structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] (1) In order to better support the femoral head and prevent displacement of the intramedullary nail, an expansion device is provided at one end of the fixing nail. When in use, the fixing nail is tilted and driven into the femur so that the fixing nail penetrates the surface of the main nail. When fixation is completed, the fixing nail is rotated so that the rotation of the fixing nail drives the reciprocating screw at one end to rotate, so that the fixing nail drives the positioning ring and the support ring to move in opposite directions during the rotation process, so that the positioning ring and the support ring respectively drive the expansion rod and the support rod to move in angle when moving, so that the expansion rod and the support rod can adjust and limit the angle according to the support plate and the limit plate, so that the expansion rod can support various places when unfolded. Multiple expansion rods have a supporting effect on the femoral head. Multiple expansion rods disperse the pressure of the femoral head, avoiding the problem of stress concentration caused by a single support point, and at the same time making the force distribution of the hip joint more uniform, reducing excessive pressure on any part, thereby reducing the risk of hip joint injury and deformation of the instrument, and can be personalized according to the patient's fracture type and severity, so it is suitable for many different types of hip fractures.

[0018] (2) In order to increase the fixation of the femur by the bone screws, a second bone screw is provided at one end of the main screw, and a third bone screw is provided at one end of the main screw. In order to increase the stability of the bone screws, the second bone screw, the third bone screw and the fixing screw form a triangular stable structure, so that the second bone screw and the third bone screw are driven into the inner wall of the femur at an inclined angle and penetrate the main screw at a cross angle. At the same time, the fixing screw is driven into the inner wall of the femur at an inclined angle and penetrates the main screw at an inclined angle, so that the fixing screw, the second bone screw and the third bone screw form a triangular structure to support the inside of the femur, thereby ensuring the stability of the femoral fracture position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the internal cross-sectional structure of the femur of an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures proposed by the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a femur of an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures proposed by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a femoral internal expansion device for an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures proposed by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of an expansion device for an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures.

[0023] In the figure: 1, femur; 2, main nail; 3, first bone nail; 4, second bone nail; 5, third bone nail; 6, fixing nail; 7, expansion device; 601, reciprocating screw; 701, positioning ring; 702, limiting plate; 703, expansion rod; 704, fixing ring; 705, support ring; 706, support rod; 707, support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] See also Figure 1-4The utility model provides a technical solution: an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, comprising a femur 1, a main nail 2 is installed on the inner wall of the femur 1, a first bone nail 3 is installed on the surface of the main nail 2, a second bone nail 4 is installed on the surface of the main nail 2, a third bone nail 5 is installed below the second bone nail 4, a fixing nail 6 is adapted to be installed on the surface of the main nail 2, a reciprocating screw rod 601 is adapted to be installed on one end of the fixing nail 6, the second bone nail 4, the third bone nail 5 and the fixing nail 6 form a triangular stable structure in the femur 1, an expansion device 7 is adapted to be installed on one end of the fixing nail 6, the expansion device 7 comprises a positioning ring 701 fixedly installed on the surface of the reciprocating screw rod 601, a limiting plate 702 is fixedly installed on one side of the positioning ring 701, an expansion rod 703 is movably installed on the surface of the limiting plate 702, a supporting ring 705 is adapted to be installed on the surface of the reciprocating screw rod 601, a fixing ring 704 is fixedly installed on one side of the supporting ring 705, and a supporting ring The support rod 706 is evenly installed on the surface of 705, and one end of the support rod 706 is adapted to be installed with a support plate 707. The support rod 706 is movably connected to the expansion rod 703 through the support plate 707. When in use, the fixing nail 6 is tilted and driven into the inside of the femur 1 so that the fixing nail 6 penetrates the surface of the main nail 2. When the fixation is completed, the fixing nail 6 is rotated so that the rotation of the fixing nail 6 drives the reciprocating screw rod 601 at one end to rotate, so that the fixing nail 6 drives the positioning ring 701 and the support ring 705 to move in opposite directions during the rotation, so that the positioning ring 701 and the support ring 705 respectively drive the expansion rod 703 and the support rod 706 to move in angle when moving, so that the expansion rod 703 and the support rod 706 are adjusted and limited in angle according to the support plate 707 and the limiting plate 702, so that the expansion rod 703 supports various places when it is unfolded.

[0027] Embodiment 2:

[0028] See also Figure 1-4 The utility model provides a technical solution: an intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, comprising a femur 1, a main nail 2 is installed on the inner wall of the femur 1, a first bone nail 3 is installed on the surface of the main nail 2, the first bone nail 3 is installed vertically at 90° on one side of the main nail 2, a second bone nail 4 is installed on the surface of the main nail 2, the second bone nail 4 and the third bone nail 5 are both installed obliquely in the main nail 2, the third bone nail 5 is installed below the second bone nail 4, a fixing nail 6 is installed on the surface of the main nail 2, the fixing nail 6 is installed obliquely in the main nail 2, and one end of the fixing nail 6 is adapted to be installed A reciprocating screw rod 601 is installed, and the second bone screw 4, the third bone screw 5 and the fixing screw 6 form a triangular stable structure in the femur 1. One end of the fixing screw 6 is adapted to be installed with an expansion device 7, so that the second bone screw 4 and the third bone screw 5 are driven into the inner wall of the femur 1 at an inclined angle and penetrate the main screw 2 at a cross angle. At the same time, the fixing screw 6 is driven into the inner wall of the femur 1 at an inclined angle and penetrates the main screw 2 at an inclined angle, so that the fixing screw 6, the second bone screw 4 and the third bone screw 5 form a triangular structure to support the inside of the femur 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the fracture position of the femur 1.

[0029] Working principle: When in use, the fixing nail 6 is tiltedly driven into the inside of the femur 1 so that the fixing nail 6 penetrates the surface of the main nail 2. When the fixation is completed, the fixing nail 6 is rotated so that the rotation of the fixing nail 6 drives the reciprocating screw rod 601 at one end to rotate, so that the fixing nail 6 drives the positioning ring 701 and the support ring 705 to move in opposite directions during the rotation, so that the positioning ring 701 and the support ring 705 respectively drive the expansion rod 703 and the support rod 706 to move in angle when moving, so that the expansion rod 703 and the support rod 706 can adjust and limit the angle according to the support plate 707 and the limit plate 702, so that the expansion rod 703 can support various places when it is unfolded.

[0030] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fractures, comprising a femur (1), characterized in that: A main nail (2) is provided on the inner wall of the femur (1), a first bone nail (3) is provided on the surface of the main nail (2), a second bone nail (4) is provided on the surface of the main nail (2), a third bone nail (5) is provided below the second bone nail (4), a fixing nail (6) is adapted to be provided on the surface of the main nail (2), and an expansion device (7) is adapted to be provided at one end of the fixing nail (6); The expansion device (7) comprises a positioning ring (701) fixedly mounted on the surface of the reciprocating screw rod (601), a limiting plate (702) fixedly disposed on one side of the positioning ring (701), an expansion rod (703) movably disposed on the surface of the limiting plate (702), a support ring (705) adapted to be disposed on the surface of the reciprocating screw rod (601), a fixing ring (704) fixedly disposed on one side of the support ring (705), support rods (706) uniformly disposed on the surface of the support ring (705), a support plate (707) adapted to be disposed on one end of the support rod (706), and the support rod (706) and the expansion rod (703) movably connected via the support plate (707).

2. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bone screw (3) is installed vertically at 90 degrees on one side surface of the main screw (2).

3. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second bone screw (4) and the third bone screw (5) are both installed obliquely inside the main screw (2).

4. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing nail (6) is installed obliquely inside the main nail (2), and a reciprocating screw rod (601) is adapted to be provided at one end of the fixing nail (6).

5. An intramedullary nail for treating femoral fracture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second bone screw (4), the third bone screw (5) and the fixing screw (6) form a triangular stable structure in the femur (1).

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