Antenna and communication equipment
By designing specific metal plating structures and microstrip line assembly layouts in the antenna, the problems of large and heavy antenna volume at high frequencies are solved, achieving smaller volumes and lighter weight while maintaining a lower resonant frequency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420241839.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-31
AI Technical Summary
In high frequencies, in order to achieve a lower resonant frequency, it is often necessary to increase the height or volume of the resonant medium, resulting in problems of large antenna volume and heavy weight.
By designing the annular radiation portion, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion of the metal plating layer, and the microstrip wire assembly is arranged between the circuit board and the metal plating layer, the resonant medium is arranged at one end of the metal plating layer away from the microstrip wire assembly to reduce the resonant frequency.
The effect of reducing the volume and weight of the antenna while maintaining or increasing the resonant frequency without increasing the height or volume of the resonant medium is achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222620133U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments of the utility model relate to the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular to an antenna and a communication equipment. Background Art
[0002] In the existing antenna technology, in order to solve the problem of spectrum resource shortage, high-frequency millimeter waves are gradually being used in 5G communication systems. The antenna includes a circuit board, a resonant medium, a metal coating and a microstrip line component. The microstrip line component is arranged on the circuit board, the metal coating is cylindrical, and the opposite ends of the metal coating are respectively arranged at one end of the microstrip line component away from the circuit board and the resonant medium.
[0003] However, in the process of implementing the embodiments of the utility model, the inventors found that: at high frequencies, in order to achieve a relatively low resonant frequency, the resonant medium height or the resonant medium volume is usually increased to lower the resonant frequency, resulting in large volume and heavy weight of the antenna. Utility Model Content
[0004] An embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna, which can reduce the volume and weight of the antenna.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide an antenna, including a circuit board; a microstrip line component, which is arranged on the circuit board; a metal coating, which is arranged on the microstrip line component, and the microstrip line component is located between the circuit board and the metal coating, and the metal coating includes an annular radiating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion is connected to one end of the annular radiating portion, and the second connecting portion is connected to the other end of the annular radiating portion, and the annular radiating portion corresponds to the microstrip line component; a resonant medium is arranged at one end of the metal coating away from the microstrip line component.
[0006] Optionally, the annular radiating portion is in the shape of three-quarters of a circle.
[0007] Optionally, the metal plating layer is within a projection range of the resonant medium along the first direction.
[0008] Optionally, a cross section of the resonant medium along the first direction is a square.
[0009] Optionally, a height of the resonant medium along the first direction is 1 mm.
[0010] Optionally, the microstrip line component includes a first microstrip line corresponding to the first connecting portion, a second microstrip line corresponding to the second connecting portion, and a pad adapted to the annular radiation portion, one end of the pad is connected to the first microstrip line, and the other end of the pad is connected to the second microstrip line.
[0011] Optionally, the first microstrip line has a first port extending along the second direction, and the second microstrip line has a second port extending along the third direction, the first port and the second port are symmetrical about a central axis between the first direction and the second direction, and the first port and the second port are both used to receive or transmit signals, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
[0012] Optionally, the pad is in the shape of a three-quarter ring.
[0013] Optionally, the antenna further includes a feeder line, and the feeder line is arranged on the circuit board.
[0014] In order to solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a communication device, including the above antenna.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application are as follows: a microstrip line component is arranged on the circuit board, a metal coating is arranged on the microstrip line component, the microstrip line component is located between the circuit board and the metal coating, the metal coating includes an annular radiating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion is connected to one end of the annular radiating portion, the second connecting portion is connected to the other end of the annular radiating portion, the annular radiating portion corresponds to the microstrip line component, and a resonant medium is arranged at one end of the metal coating away from the microstrip line component. By designing the metal coating as the above-mentioned structure, the effect achieved by the antenna of the present application is better than the effect of reducing the resonant frequency by generally increasing the height of the resonant medium or increasing the volume of the resonant medium, and can also reduce the volume and weight of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without paying creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 It is a view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the first port and the second port of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of simulation results of antenna S parameters provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 5 It is an efficiency diagram of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 6 The embodiment of the utility model provides a two-dimensional simulated radiation pattern of the antenna;
[0023] Figure 7 The embodiment of the utility model provides a three-dimensional simulated radiation pattern of the antenna;
[0024] Figure 8 It is a gain diagram of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model.
[0025] Reference numerals:
[0026] 100. Antenna; 10. Circuit board; 20. Microstrip line component; 21. First microstrip line; 22. Second microstrip line; 23. Pad; 30. Metal coating; 31. Ring-shaped radiation part; 32. First connecting part; 33. Second connecting part; 40. Resonant medium; 50. Feed line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to facilitate the understanding of the utility model, the utility model is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.
[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
[0029] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 The antenna 100 includes a circuit board 10, a microstrip line component 20, a metal coating 30 and a resonant medium 40. The microstrip line component 20 is arranged on the circuit board 10, the metal coating 30 is arranged on the microstrip line component 20, the microstrip line component 20 is located between the circuit board 10 and the metal coating 30, and the resonant medium 40 is arranged at one end of the metal coating 30 away from the microstrip line component 20.
[0030] In order to more conveniently explain the embodiment of the antenna 100 of the present application, a first direction z, a second direction x, and a third direction y that are perpendicular to each other are introduced.
[0031] For the above-mentioned resonant medium 40, please refer to Figure 2 The resonant medium 40 has a rectangular shape. Preferably, the cross section of the resonant medium 40 along the first direction z is a square. In addition, the resonant medium 40 is made of ceramic.
[0032] For the metal coating 30, see Figure 2 , the metal plating layer 30 includes an annular radiating portion 31, a first connecting portion 32 and a second connecting portion 33. The first connecting portion 32 and the second connecting portion 33 are both in the shape of an elongated strip, extending along the second direction x along the length of the first connecting portion 32, and the length of the second connecting portion 33 extending along the third direction y, the first connecting portion 32 is connected to one end of the annular radiating portion 31, and the second connecting portion 33 is connected to the other end of the annular radiating portion 31, and the annular radiating portion 31 corresponds to the microstrip line component 20. Preferably, the shape of the annular radiating portion 31 is a three-quarter ring. Further, the metal plating layer 30 is within the projection range of the resonant medium 40 along the first direction z. Compared with the prior art, the present embodiment designs the metal plating layer 30 as the above-mentioned structure, and the effect achieved by the antenna 100 of the present application is better than the effect of reducing the resonant frequency by generally increasing the height of the resonant medium 40 or increasing the volume of the resonant medium 40, and can also reduce the volume and weight of the antenna 100.
[0033] For the above-mentioned microstrip line component 20, please refer to Figure 2 The microstrip line component 20 includes a first microstrip line 21 corresponding to the first connection portion 32, a second microstrip line 22 corresponding to the second connection portion 33, and a pad 23 adapted to the annular radiation portion 31, one end of the pad 23 is connected to the first microstrip line 21, and the other end of the pad 23 is connected to the second microstrip line 22. Preferably, the shape of the pad 23 is adapted to the annular radiation portion 31, and it can be understood that the shape of the pad 23 is a three-quarter ring.
[0034] For further information, see Figure 3 The first microstrip line 21 extends along the second direction x with a first port 21a, and the second microstrip line 22 extends along the third direction y with a second port 22a. The first port 21a and the second port 22a are symmetrical about the central axis between the first direction z and the second direction x, and both the first port 21a and the second port 22a are used to receive or transmit signals.
[0035] For the above antenna 100 , the antenna 100 further includes a feed line 50 , and the feed line 50 is disposed on the circuit board 10 .
[0036] In order to help readers better understand the concept of the present invention, an example simulation of the antenna 100 is performed below. When the dielectric constant of the resonant medium 40 is 21 and the dielectric loss factor is 0.00054, the optimized size of one set of antennas 100 is:
[0037] The height of the resonant medium 40 is HD, where HD is preferably 1 mm; the length and width of the resonant medium 40 are LD and WD, respectively, where the length LD is preferably 2.82 mm, and the width WD is preferably 2.82 mm. The height HD, length LD, and width WD of the resonant medium 40 are schematically shown as follows: Figure 3 shown.
[0038] When the antenna 100 with optimized size is set on the circuit board 10, the simulation results of its scattering parameters (S parameters) are as follows: Figure 4 As shown. In the frequency band of 24.25GHz-27.5GHz (N258 frequency band), when the frequency of the antenna 100 is 24.25GHz, the return loss in the scattering parameters of the first port 21a is -10.2dB, and the return loss in the scattering parameters of the second port 22a is -9.8dB; when the frequency of the antenna 100 is 27.5GHz, the return loss in the scattering parameters of the first port 21a is -10.1dB, and the return loss in the scattering parameters of the second port 22a is -10.7dB. Figure 4 The ordinate is the power gain 100 of the antenna 100, and the abscissa is the frequency band. Figure 4 represents the return loss in the scattering parameters of the first port 21a, Figure 4 , represents the return loss in the scattering parameters of the second port 22a.
[0039] When the antenna 100 of optimized size is placed on the circuit board 10, the efficiency of the antenna 100 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. In the frequency band of 24.25GHz-27.5GHz (N258 frequency band), when the frequency of the antenna 100 is 24.25GHz, the efficiency of the first port 21a is 0.73, and the efficiency of the second port 22a is 0.73; when the frequency of the antenna 100 is 27.5GHz, the efficiency of the first port 21a is 0.71, and the efficiency of the second port 22a is 0.72. Figure 5 The ordinate is the efficiency of the antenna 100, and the abscissa is the frequency band. Figure 5 Tot.Efficiency[1] in the equation represents the efficiency of the first port 21a. Figure 5 Tot.Efficiency[2] in FIG. 2 represents the efficiency of the second port 22 a .
[0040] When the antenna 100 of optimized size is set on the circuit board 10, the gain of the antenna 100 is as follows: Figure 6-Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the radiation intensity of the antenna 100 in all directions in the positive direction of the Z axis is relatively uniform, the intensity is relatively close, and the performance is good.
[0041] When the antenna 100 of optimized size is set on the circuit board 10, the gain of the antenna 100 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown. In the frequency band of 24.25 GHz-27.5 GHz (N258 frequency band), when the frequency of the antenna 100 is 24.25 GHz, the gain of the antenna 100 is 4.55, and when the frequency of the antenna 100 is 27.5 GHz, the gain of the antenna 100 is 5.28. Figure 8 The ordinate in represents the gain of the antenna 100 , and the abscissa represents the frequency band.
[0042] The utility model further provides a communication device embodiment, the communication device includes the above-mentioned antenna 100, and the specific structure and function of the antenna 100 can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be described one by one here.
[0043] It should be noted that the preferred embodiments of the utility model are given in the specification and drawings of the utility model, but the utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the specification. These embodiments are not used as additional restrictions on the content of the utility model. The purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the utility model more thorough and comprehensive. In addition, the above-mentioned technical features continue to be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, which are all regarded as the scope of the description of the utility model; further, for ordinary technicians in this field, they can be improved or transformed according to the above description, and all these improvements and transformations should belong to the scope of protection of the claims attached to the utility model.
Claims
1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: Circuit board; A microstrip line component is arranged on the circuit board; A metal plating layer is arranged on the microstrip line component, the microstrip line component is located between the circuit board and the metal plating layer, the metal plating layer comprises an annular radiating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion is connected to one end of the annular radiating portion, the second connecting portion is connected to the other end of the annular radiating portion, and the annular radiating portion corresponds to the microstrip line component; The resonant medium is arranged at one end of the metal coating layer away from the microstrip line component.
2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The annular radiation portion is in the shape of three-quarters of a circle.
3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal coating is within the projection range of the resonant medium along the first direction.
4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the resonant medium along the first direction is a square.
5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The height of the resonant medium along the first direction is 1 mm.
6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The microstrip line component includes a first microstrip line corresponding to the first connecting portion, a second microstrip line corresponding to the second connecting portion, and a pad adapted to the annular radiation portion, one end of the pad is connected to the first microstrip line, and the other end of the pad is connected to the second microstrip line.
7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The first microstrip line extends along the second direction to have a first port, the second microstrip line extends along the third direction to have a second port, the first port and the second port are symmetrical about a central axis between the first direction and the second direction, the first port and the second port are both used for receiving or transmitting signals, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pad is in the shape of a three-quarter ring.
9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a feeder line, and the feeder line is arranged on the circuit board.
10. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1-9.