Passivated perovskite thin film coating device and perovskite battery preparation system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of perovskite cell related equipment, and provides a passivated perovskite film coating device and a perovskite cell preparation system. The passivated perovskite film coating device comprises a base table, an air knife mechanism, a nitrogen cylinder and an additive atomizer, a sliding mechanism is arranged on the base table, the air knife mechanism is slidably installed on the base table through the sliding mechanism, the nitrogen cylinder is provided with a nitrogen pipe, the additive atomizer is provided with an additive air pipe, and the top of the air knife mechanism is connected with a mixed air inlet pipe. An air outlet of the nitrogen pipe and an air outlet of the additive gas pipe are respectively communicated with the mixed gas inlet pipe. According to the passivated perovskite film coating device, the additive atomizer is used for atomizing a solution in which an additive is dissolved so that the solution can become gas, nitrogen and the atomized gas of the additive are mixed and then discharged from the air knife lip, and in the process that the air knife mechanism conducts blowing treatment on a liquid film, the liquid film can be blown out through the air knife. And doping of the additive to the perovskite or passivation treatment of the passivator to the surface of the perovskite is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of perovskite battery related equipment, and in particular to a passivation perovskite film coating device and a perovskite battery preparation system. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite materials are neither calcium nor titanium, but a general term for a class of "ceramic oxides" with the same crystal structure. The molecular formula is ABX3, where A represents "large radius cations", B represents "metal cations", and X represents "halogen anions". These three ions can present many magical physical properties, including but not limited to insulation, ferroelectricity, antiferromagnetism, and giant magnetic effects, through the arrangement and combination of different elements, or by adjusting the distance between each other. As the most promising new material, perovskite can be used as the absorption layer of solar cells. It has many excellent optoelectronic properties, such as adjustable band gap, high absorption coefficient, low exciton binding energy, high carrier mobility, high defect tolerance, etc.; and the preparation process of perovskite is simple, which can achieve semi-transparency, ultra-light, ultra-thin, and flexible; the raw materials of perovskite are widely available and rich in content. These advantages make perovskite solar cells a new generation of technology that subverts crystalline silicon and thin-film solar cells.

[0003] At present, the perovskite light-absorbing layer is mostly prepared by the solution method, that is, the prepared perovskite powder is added to the solvent to make a perovskite precursor solution, and the perovskite precursor solution is evenly coated on the substrate surface by spin coating, slit coating, scraping or micro-concave coating technology to form a uniform liquid film. The wind knife device moves with the coating device, or a wind knife structure is set separately. There is a lip under the wind knife head and a wind knife air inlet pipe on the top; usually the wind knife air inlet pipe is connected to a nitrogen bottle (or liquid nitrogen tank), and the nitrogen blown by the wind knife is used to purge the liquid film after coating, so that the low-boiling point solvent in the liquid film evaporates first to form a perovskite intermediate phase, and then the perovskite intermediate phase is heated and annealed to form a polycrystalline perovskite thin film absorption layer.

[0004] Defects will be generated during the crystallization and nucleation process of the perovskite layer. These defects will cause non-radiative recombination and reduce the battery performance. In order to reduce the defects generated during the crystallization and nucleation process of the perovskite layer, additives are usually added to the perovskite precursor solution to passivate the perovskite grain boundaries. At the same time, a passivation layer is also prepared separately on the surface of the perovskite layer to passivate the defects on the perovskite surface and improve the performance of the perovskite battery.

[0005] However, some additives are currently insoluble in the perovskite precursor solution, which makes it impossible to directly add the additives to the perovskite precursor solution, and thus it is impossible to achieve the effect of passivation using the additives.

[0006] In view of this, the present utility model is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model aims to provide a passivation perovskite film coating device and a perovskite battery preparation system.

[0008] The embodiment of the utility model is achieved as follows:

[0009] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a passivated perovskite thin film coating device, which includes a base, an air knife mechanism, a nitrogen bottle and an additive atomizer, wherein a sliding mechanism is provided on the base, and the air knife mechanism is slidably mounted on the base through the sliding mechanism, the nitrogen bottle is provided with a nitrogen pipe, the additive atomizer is provided with an additive air pipe, and the top of the air knife mechanism is connected to a mixing air inlet pipe, and the air outlet of the nitrogen pipe and the air outlet of the additive air pipe are respectively connected to the mixing air inlet pipe.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the passivation perovskite thin film coating device further includes a mixing chamber, and the nitrogen pipe, the additive pipe and the mixing air inlet pipe are all inserted into the mixing chamber.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the nitrogen pipe is inserted from the top of the mixing chamber and extends to the bottom of the mixing chamber, the additive pipe is inserted from the bottom of the mixing chamber and extends to the top of the mixing chamber, and the height of the additive pipe extending to the top of the mixing chamber is greater than the distance between the end of the nitrogen pipe and the bottom of the mixing chamber.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, a baffle is disposed in the mixing chamber, and the baffle is disposed between the mixing air intake pipe and the additive air pipe.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the nitrogen pipe, the additive pipe and the mixed air intake pipe are connected via a pipe interface.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the passivation perovskite thin film coating device further includes a coating mechanism, the coating mechanism is arranged in parallel with the air knife mechanism, and the coating mechanism is slidably connected to the base via the sliding mechanism.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the sliding mechanism includes a slide rail and a slider, the slide rail is fixed on the base, the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the air knife mechanism and the coating mechanism are respectively connected to the slider.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, there are two slide rails which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the base, there are two corresponding sliders, and the air knife mechanism and the coating mechanism are arranged between the two sliders.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the sliding mechanism further includes a connecting rod, and both sides of the wind knife mechanism and both sides of the coating mechanism are connected to the sliding block via the connecting rod.

[0018] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a perovskite battery preparation system, which includes a passivation perovskite film coating device as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the utility model are:

[0020] The passivated perovskite film coating device provided by the utility model utilizes an additive atomizer to atomize a solution in which an additive is dissolved so as to convert it into a gas, and the gas is discharged from the additive air pipe. The additive air pipe and the nitrogen pipe are both connected to the mixed air inlet pipe, so that the nitrogen gas is mixed with the atomized gas of the additive, and the gas discharged from the mixed air inlet pipe is a mixed gas of the nitrogen gas and the atomized gas of the additive, which is finally discharged from the lip of the wind knife, so that in the process of the wind knife mechanism blowing the liquid film, the gas is changed from a single nitrogen gas to a mixed gas, and the doping of the additive to the perovskite or the passivation treatment of the perovskite surface by the passivating agent is completed. The passivated perovskite film coating device is used to add the additive in a gaseous state, and the addition uniformity is high and the passivation effect is excellent. The passivated perovskite film coating device provided by the utility model is particularly suitable for the situation that it cannot be miscible with the perovskite precursor solution, resulting in the inability to directly add the additive to the perovskite precursor solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a passivation perovskite film coating device provided in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a passivation perovskite film coating device provided in the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Icons: 100-passivated perovskite film coating device; 110-base; 111-sliding mechanism; 112 slide rail; 113-slider; 114-connecting rod; 120-wind knife mechanism; 121-coating lip; 122-mixing air inlet pipe; 130-coating mechanism; 131-wind knife lip; 140-nitrogen bottle; 141-nitrogen pipe; 150-additive atomizer; 151-additive air pipe; 160-mixing chamber; 161-baffle; 170-air pipe interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0028] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] First embodiment

[0032] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a passivation perovskite thin film coating device 100 , which includes a base 110 , an air knife mechanism 120 , a coating mechanism 130 , a nitrogen bottle 140 and an additive atomizer 150 .

[0033] In this embodiment, the base 110 is used as a working platform to support the air knife mechanism 120 and the coating mechanism 130, and is also used to place the substrate, so that the coating mechanism 130 can coat the perovskite precursor liquid on the substrate. In this embodiment, a sliding mechanism 111 is provided on the base 110, and the air knife mechanism 120 is slidably mounted on the base 110 through the sliding mechanism 111. The coating mechanism 130 is arranged in parallel with the air knife mechanism 120, and the coating mechanism 130 is slidably connected to the base 110 through the sliding mechanism 111.

[0034] The sliding mechanism 111 includes a slide rail, a slider 113 and a connecting rod 114. The slide rail is fixed on the base 110. The slider 113 is slidably connected to the slide rail. The air knife mechanism 120 and the coating mechanism 130 are respectively connected to the slider 113. Specifically, there are two slide rails and they are arranged in parallel on both sides of the base 110. The slider 113 is correspondingly two pieces. The air knife mechanism 120 and the coating mechanism 130 are arranged between the two sliders 113. Both sides of the air knife mechanism 120 and both sides of the coating mechanism 130 are connected to the slider 113 through the connecting rod 114.

[0035] In this embodiment, a coating lip 121 is provided at the bottom of the coating mechanism 130, which is used to discharge the perovskite precursor liquid from the coating lip 121 to achieve coating on the surface of the substrate. A wind knife lip 131 is provided at the bottom of the wind knife mechanism 120, which is used to discharge gas from the wind knife lip 131 to achieve a purge treatment of the coated liquid film, so that the low boiling point solvent in the liquid film evaporates first to form a perovskite intermediate phase. Other specific structures of the coating mechanism 130 and the wind knife mechanism 120 can refer to the structural design of the conventional wind knife mechanism 120 and the coating mechanism 130, which will not be specifically described in this embodiment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the nitrogen cylinder 140 is provided with a nitrogen pipe 141, the additive atomizer 150 is provided with an additive air pipe 151, the top of the wind knife mechanism 120 is connected to a mixing air inlet pipe 122, and the air outlet of the nitrogen pipe 141 and the air outlet of the additive air pipe 151 are respectively connected to the mixing air inlet pipe 122.

[0037] In view of the fact that some additives are currently insoluble in the perovskite precursor solution, it is impossible to directly add the additives to the perovskite precursor solution, and thus it is impossible to achieve the effect of passivation using the additives. To this end, in this embodiment, an additive atomizer 150 is provided, and the additive can be prepared into a solution in advance, and then the solution is atomized by the additive atomizer 150. Since the air outlet of the nitrogen pipe 141 and the air outlet of the additive air pipe 151 are respectively connected to the mixed air inlet pipe 122, at this time, the nitrogen discharged from the nitrogen pipe 141 can be mixed with the atomized gas discharged from the additive air pipe 151, and enter the mixed air inlet pipe 122, and finally discharged from the air knife lip 131, so that in the process of the air knife mechanism 120 purging the liquid film, the gas is changed from a single nitrogen gas to a mixed gas, and the doping of the additive to the perovskite or the passivation of the perovskite surface by the passivator is completed.

[0038] In order to improve the mixing effect, the passivation perovskite film coating device 100 in this embodiment further includes a mixing chamber 160 , and the nitrogen pipe 141 , the additive pipe 151 and the mixing air inlet pipe 122 are all inserted into the mixing chamber 160 .

[0039] Specifically, the nitrogen pipe 141 is inserted from the top of the mixing chamber 160 and extends to the bottom of the mixing chamber 160, and the additive pipe 151 is inserted from the bottom of the mixing chamber 160 and extends to the top of the mixing chamber 160. The height of the additive pipe 151 extending to the top of the mixing chamber 160 is greater than the distance between the end of the nitrogen pipe 141 and the bottom of the mixing chamber 160.

[0040] In this embodiment, by limiting the insertion position and insertion distance of the nitrogen pipe 141 and the additive pipe 151, the mixing effect of the nitrogen discharged from the nitrogen pipe 141 and the additive atomized gas discharged from the additive gas can be improved. Among them, the nitrogen pipe 141 is extended to the bottom of the mixing chamber 160 as much as possible to prevent the nitrogen discharged from the nitrogen pipe 141 from directly entering the mixing intake pipe 122, and the additive pipe 151 extends upward to a certain height, and the height is less than 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the overall height of the mixing chamber 160, so that the additive atomized gas discharged from the additive pipe 151 can be fully dispersed in the mixing chamber 160, and enter the mixing intake pipe 122 after being fully mixed with the nitrogen discharged from the nitrogen pipe 141.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a baffle plate 161 is provided in the mixing chamber 160, and the baffle plate 161 is provided between the mixing air inlet pipe 122 and the additive air pipe 151. The provision of the baffle plate 161 can change the movement direction of the additive atomized gas discharged from the additive air pipe 151, prolong the residence time of the additive atomized gas in the mixing chamber 160, and thus improve the mixing effect of the additive atomized gas and the nitrogen.

[0042] There are many ways to connect the baffle 161 to the mixing chamber 160. For example, the baffle 161 can be connected to the side wall of the mixing chamber 160 through a connecting rod, and there is a gap between the baffle 161 and the side wall of the mixing chamber 160, so that the baffle 161 only changes the movement direction of the gas, and the gas can be discharged from the gap between the baffle 161 and the mixing chamber 160. In some other embodiments, the baffle 161 can also be directly sealed and connected to the side wall of the mixing chamber 160, and the gas can be dispersed and discharged by providing a plurality of through holes on the baffle 161.

[0043] In addition, it should be understood that in order to better control the opening and closing and flow of the gas in the nitrogen pipe 141, the additive pipe 151 and the mixing air intake pipe 122, in this embodiment, flow valves can also be set on the nitrogen pipe 141, the additive pipe 151 and the mixing air intake pipe 122, so as to facilitate the regulation of the flow of the nitrogen pipe 141, the additive pipe 151 and the mixing air intake pipe 122, making the coating process more controllable.

[0044] The working principle of the passivated perovskite film coating device 100 is as follows: the coating mechanism 130 can slide along with the sliding mechanism 111, and the substrate on the base 110 is coated with the perovskite precursor liquid by the coating mechanism 130, and the liquid film after coating is purged by the nitrogen discharged from the air knife lip 131 of the air knife mechanism 120, so that the low boiling point solvent in the liquid film evaporates first to form a perovskite intermediate phase. When it is necessary to add additives, especially additives that cannot be miscible with the perovskite precursor liquid, the solution is atomized by the additive atomizer 150 after the additive is dissolved, and the atomized gas is mixed with the nitrogen and discharged through the air knife lip 131 of the air knife mechanism 120, so that in the process of the air knife mechanism 120 purging the liquid film, the gas is changed from a single nitrogen gas to a mixed gas, and the doping of the additive to the perovskite or the passivation of the perovskite surface by the passivator is completed.

[0045] In addition, this embodiment also provides a perovskite battery preparation system, which includes the above-mentioned passivation perovskite film coating device 100.

[0046] Second embodiment

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2The present embodiment provides a passivation perovskite film coating device 100, which is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the mixing chamber 160 is not provided in the present embodiment, and the gas pipe interface 170 is directly used to achieve the mixing of nitrogen and additive atomizing gas.

[0048] Specifically, the nitrogen pipe 141 , the additive pipe 151 and the mixed air intake pipe 122 of the passivation perovskite film coating device 100 provided in this embodiment are connected via the air pipe interface 170 .

[0049] Among them, the air pipe interface 170 is a three-way interface, which is used to connect the nitrogen pipe 141, the additive air pipe 151 and the mixing intake pipe 122 respectively. Since the interior of the air pipe interface 170 is hollow, it can be used as a mixing chamber to achieve the mixing of nitrogen and additive atomizing gas. The gases discharged from the nitrogen pipe 141 and the additive air pipe 151 are directly merged into one gas, and the mixed gas can be further mixed in the mixing intake pipe 122.

[0050] In this embodiment, the air pipe interface 170 is directly used to achieve the mixing of nitrogen and additive atomizing gas, and there is no need to set up the mixing chamber 160. Its structure is simpler and the modification cost is lower.

[0051] In summary, the passivated perovskite film coating device 100 provided by the utility model utilizes an additive atomizer 150 to atomize a solution containing an additive to convert it into gas, and the gas is discharged from the additive air pipe 151. The additive air pipe 151 and the nitrogen pipe 141 are both connected to the mixed air inlet pipe 122, so that the nitrogen gas is mixed with the atomized gas of the additive, and the gas discharged from the mixed air inlet pipe 122 is a mixed gas of the nitrogen gas and the atomized gas of the additive, and finally discharged from the air knife lip 131, so that in the process of the air knife mechanism 120 purging the liquid film, the gas is changed from a single nitrogen gas to a mixed gas, and the doping of the additive to the perovskite or the passivation of the perovskite surface by the passivating agent is completed. The passivated perovskite film coating device 100 is used to add the additive in a gaseous state, and the addition uniformity is high and the passivation effect is excellent. The passivated perovskite film coating device 100 provided by the utility model is particularly suitable for situations where the perovskite precursor solution is not miscible with the perovskite precursor solution, resulting in the inability to directly add additives to the perovskite precursor solution.

[0052] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A passivated perovskite film coating device, characterized in that: It includes a base, an air knife mechanism, a nitrogen bottle and an additive atomizer. The base is provided with a sliding mechanism, and the air knife mechanism is slidably installed on the base through the sliding mechanism. The nitrogen bottle is provided with a nitrogen pipe, and the additive atomizer is provided with an additive air pipe. The top of the air knife mechanism is connected to a mixed air inlet pipe, and the air outlet of the nitrogen pipe and the air outlet of the additive air pipe are respectively connected to the mixed air inlet pipe.

2. The passivation perovskite thin film coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passivation perovskite thin film coating device further comprises a mixing chamber, wherein the nitrogen pipe, the additive pipe and the mixed air inlet pipe are all inserted into the mixing chamber.

3. The passivation perovskite thin film coating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nitrogen pipe is inserted from the top of the mixing chamber and extends to the bottom of the mixing chamber, the additive pipe is inserted from the bottom of the mixing chamber and extends to the top of the mixing chamber, and the height of the additive pipe extending to the top of the mixing chamber is greater than the distance between the end of the nitrogen pipe and the bottom of the mixing chamber.

4. The passivation perovskite thin film coating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixing chamber is provided with a baffle, and the baffle is provided between the mixing air intake pipe and the additive air pipe.

5. The passivation perovskite film coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen pipe, the additive pipe and the mixed air intake pipe are connected via a pipe interface.

6. The passivation perovskite film coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passivated perovskite film coating device further comprises a coating mechanism, which is arranged in parallel with the air knife mechanism, and the coating mechanism is slidably connected to the base via the sliding mechanism.

7. The passivation perovskite film coating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism comprises a sliding rail and a sliding block, the sliding rail is fixed on the base, the sliding block is slidably connected to the sliding rail, and the air knife mechanism and the coating mechanism are respectively connected to the sliding block.

8. The passivation perovskite film coating device according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are two slide rails which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the base, there are two corresponding sliders, and the air knife mechanism and the coating mechanism are arranged between the two sliders.

9. The passivation perovskite thin film coating device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism further comprises a connecting rod, and both sides of the wind knife mechanism and both sides of the coating mechanism are connected to the sliding block through the connecting rod.

10. A perovskite battery preparation system, characterized in that: It comprises the passivation perovskite film coating device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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