Vertical numerical control lathe

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical numerical control lathe which comprises a main shaft, a fixed shaft sleeve is arranged on the main shaft, and rotor blades are arranged on the surface of the fixed shaft sleeve in an array mode. The inner shaft sleeve is arranged in a funnel shape, an inner ring sleeve is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the inner shaft sleeve, and stator blades are arranged on the inner wall of the inner ring sleeve in an array mode; wherein the rotor blades and the stator blades are arc-shaped blades, are arranged at intervals and are opposite in bending direction. According to the vertical numerical control lathe, multi-stage compression of air is achieved through the multiple sets of stator blades and rotor blades which are arranged at intervals, when the compressed air flows to the straight cylinder part from the funnel part of the inner shaft sleeve, further acceleration is achieved, the accelerated air flow is sprayed to the tool bit, and therefore the tool bit is more compact. And therefore, chippings during machining are prevented from splashing into a gap for mounting the tool bit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a numerically controlled lathe, in particular to a vertical numerically controlled lathe. Background Art

[0002] A vertical lathe is a machine tool used to process parts. Its special feature is that the spindle of the vertical lathe is set vertically.

[0003] Publication number CN220295860U, publication date 2024-01-05, discloses a spindle box protection structure for a vertical CNC lathe, including a spindle box and a protective cover, and a rubber sealing ring is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the protective cover.

[0004] In the prior art including the above-mentioned patent, the protective cover and rubber sealing ring are provided to improve the sealing of the connection between the protective cover and the spindle box, thereby preventing debris from entering the protective cover and the spindle box and causing damage to the internal structure. However, the connection of the turning tool is still exposed to the outside, and the installation gap between the turning tool and the spindle is easy to enter debris, thereby causing wear to the turning tool. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a vertical CNC lathe, which is used to solve the technical problem that the installation gap between the turning tool and the main shaft is easy to enter the debris.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a vertical CNC lathe, comprising:

[0007] A main shaft, on which a fixed sleeve is arranged, and a rotor blade array is arranged on the surface of the fixed sleeve;

[0008] An inner sleeve is arranged in a funnel shape, an inner ring sleeve is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the inner sleeve, and stator blades are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the inner ring sleeve;

[0009] Wherein, the rotor blades and the stator blades are both arc-shaped blades, which are arranged at intervals and have opposite bending directions.

[0010] Preferably, the device further comprises injection nozzles arranged in a circumferential array on the inner sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a reduction sleeve fixedly arranged on the inner shaft sleeve, on which a gear ring is rotatably arranged, and fan blades are arranged in an array on the outer wall of the gear ring.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes reduction gears meshing with the gear ring and the main shaft, which are arranged in a circular array around the main shaft.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an outer sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the inner sleeve, which is arranged in a funnel shape.

[0014] Preferably, the device further comprises partitions arranged in a circumferential array between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.

[0015] In the above technical scheme, a vertical CNC lathe provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the rotor blades are driven to rotate in the funnel part of the inner sleeve by the rotation of the main shaft, and the air is pressed downward to cause the vortex motion of the airflow, and then the stator blades increase the pressure by slowing down the rotation motion of the air, and the air is compressed in multiple stages by multiple groups of stator blades and rotor blades arranged at intervals, and the air is made to flow from the funnel part of the inner sleeve to the straight cylinder part. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the funnel part is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the straight cylinder part, the compressed air is further accelerated when it flows from the funnel part of the inner sleeve to the straight cylinder part according to the principle that the flow velocity is small at a large cross-section and the flow velocity is large at a small cross-section. The accelerated airflow is sprayed to the cutter head, thereby preventing the debris from splashing into the gap where the cutter head is installed during processing, thereby protecting the cutter head. At the same time, it can prevent the debris from adhering to the cutter head, realize automatic cleaning, facilitate the processing of the next workpiece, save the time for cleaning the cutter head, improve the processing efficiency, and clean the debris on the surface of the cutter head while blowing away the debris on the surface of the workpiece, thereby improving the processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top-down stereoscopic structure provided for an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 A bottom-up stereoscopic structural schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure provided for an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a reduction gear provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a rotor blade provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Main shaft; 11. Cutter head; 12. Fixed sleeve; 121. Rotor blades; 13. Teeth; 2. Outer sleeve; 21. Air outlet slot; 22. Injection nozzle; 3. Speed ​​reduction sleeve; 31. Fan blades; 32. Gear ring; 33. Speed ​​reduction gear; 4. Partition; 5. Inner sleeve; 51. Inner ring sleeve; 52. Stator blades; 53. Diverter plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a vertical CNC lathe comprises:

[0026] A main shaft 1 is provided with a fixed sleeve 12, and a rotor blade 121 is arranged in an array on the surface of the fixed sleeve 12;

[0027] The inner sleeve 5 is funnel-shaped, an inner ring sleeve 51 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the inner sleeve 5, and stator blades 52 are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the inner ring sleeve 51;

[0028] The rotor blades 121 and the stator blades 52 are both arc-shaped blades, which are arranged at intervals and have opposite bending directions.

[0029] Specifically, it also includes injection nozzles 22 arranged in a circumferential array on the inner sleeve 5. When the CNC lathe is working, the spindle 1 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the cutter head 11 to process the workpiece.

[0030] Furthermore, the main shaft 1 rotates, thereby driving the fixed sleeve 12 to rotate, thereby driving the rotor blades 121 to rotate in the funnel portion of the inner sleeve 5, and pressing the air downward to cause vortex motion of the airflow, and then the stator blades 52 increase the pressure by slowing down the rotational motion of the air, and the multiple groups of stator blades 52 and rotor blades 121 arranged at intervals are used to achieve multi-stage compression of the air, and the air is made to flow from the funnel portion of the inner sleeve 5 to the straight cylinder portion. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the funnel portion is larger than that of the straight cylinder portion, the compressed air flows out from the inner sleeve 5 in accordance with the principle that the flow velocity is small where the cross-section is large and the flow velocity is large where the cross-section is small. When the funnel portion of the sleeve 5 flows toward the straight portion, further acceleration is achieved. The accelerated airflow enters the straight portion through the diversion of the diverter plate 53, and is finally sprayed toward the cutter head 11 through the jet nozzle 22, thereby preventing debris from splashing into the gap where the cutter head 11 is installed during processing, thereby protecting the cutter head 11. At the same time, it can prevent debris from adhering to the cutter head 11, achieve automatic cleaning, facilitate processing of the next workpiece, save time for cleaning the cutter head 11, improve processing efficiency, and while cleaning the debris on the surface of the cutter head 11, the debris on the surface of the workpiece is also blown away, thereby preventing the debris from affecting the processing accuracy.

[0031] Due to the instability of the eddy current, polarization may occur during the rotation of the spindle 1, affecting the processing accuracy. The stator blades 52 can slow down the rotation of the air, and the diverter plate 53 can further prevent the rotation of the air, thereby accelerating the airflow without affecting the stability of the spindle 1 during processing, thereby achieving automatic cleaning and improving processing accuracy.

[0032] In the above technology, the main shaft 1 rotates to drive the rotor blades 121 to rotate in the funnel part of the inner sleeve 5, and presses the air downward to cause the vortex motion of the airflow, and then the stator blades 52 increase the pressure by slowing down the rotational motion of the air, and the multiple groups of stator blades 52 and rotor blades 121 arranged at intervals are used to achieve multi-stage compression of the air, and the air flows from the funnel part of the inner sleeve 5 to the straight cylinder part. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the funnel part is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the straight cylinder part, the compressed air is further accelerated when it flows from the funnel part of the inner sleeve 5 to the straight cylinder part according to the principle that the flow velocity is small at a large cross-section and the flow velocity is large at a small cross-section. The accelerated airflow is sprayed toward the cutter head 11, thereby preventing the chips from being splashed into the gap where the cutter head 11 is installed during processing, thereby protecting the cutter head 11. At the same time, it can prevent the chips from adhering to the cutter head 11, realize automatic cleaning, facilitate the processing of the next workpiece, save the time for cleaning the cutter head 11, improve the processing efficiency, and clean the chips on the surface of the cutter head 11 while blowing away the chips on the surface of the workpiece, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0033] As a further embodiment provided by the present invention, the reduction sleeve 3 is further provided, which is fixedly mounted on the inner shaft sleeve 5 , on which a gear ring 32 is rotatably mounted, and on the outer wall of the gear ring 32 , blades 31 are arranged in an array.

[0034] Specifically, the gear ring 32 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the fan blades 31 to rotate, so that more air is sucked into the inner shaft sleeve 5 through the rotation of the fan blades 31 .

[0035] As a further embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a reduction gear 33 meshing with the gear ring 32 and the main shaft 1 , which is arranged in a circumferential array around the main shaft 1 .

[0036] Specifically, when the main shaft 1 rotates, the teeth 13 arranged in a circular array on the surface of the main shaft 1 drive the reduction gear 33 to rotate. The rotation of the reduction gear 33 drives the gear ring 32 meshing with it to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the fan blades 31 to inhale more air into the inner sleeve 5. No additional driving source is needed to drive the fan blades 31 to rotate, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0037] Based on the meshing and rotation of the gears, and using the different number of teeth of the gears to change the speed and torque of the output shaft, when the input shaft drives the small gear, the large gear will rotate at a lower speed. On the contrary, when the input shaft drives the large gear, the small gear will rotate at a higher speed. Figure 4 As shown, the reduction gear 33 is a small gear and the gear ring 32 is a large gear, so that the gear ring 32 is driven to rotate through the main shaft 1 and the reduction gear 33. The gear ring 32 rotates at a lower speed than the main shaft 1 through the reduction gear 33, so that the air enters the inner sleeve 5 more stably, further reducing the impact of the airflow on the main shaft 1.

[0038] As a further embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an outer sleeve 2 sleeved on the outer side of the inner sleeve 5, which is arranged in a funnel shape.

[0039] Specifically, it also includes a partition plate 4 arranged in a circumferential array between the inner sleeve 5 and the outer sleeve 2. When the main shaft 1 rotates, the teeth 13 arranged in a circumferential array on the surface of the main shaft 1 drive the reduction gear 33 to rotate, and the rotation of the reduction gear 33 drives the gear ring 32 meshing with it to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the fan blade 31 to inhale more air, part of the inhaled air enters the inner sleeve 5, and the other part enters the cavity formed between the outer sleeve 2 and the inner sleeve 5, and is discharged through the air outlet slot 21 formed at the lower end of the outer sleeve 2 and the inner sleeve 5, thereby realizing the flow of air between the outer sleeve 2 and the inner sleeve 5, thereby dissipating the heat inside the outer sleeve 2, thereby providing heat dissipation protection for the main shaft 1, and extending the service life of the main shaft 1.

[0040] The partitions 4 arranged in a circumferential array further prevent the air vortex from rotating, thereby maintaining the stability of the entire structure.

[0041] Since the inner sleeve 5 and the outer sleeve 2 are both arranged in a funnel shape, Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the space between the funnel portion of the outer sleeve 2 and the funnel portion of the inner sleeve 5 gradually decreases to the cross-sectional area of ​​the space between the straight tube portion of the outer sleeve 2 and the straight tube portion of the inner sleeve 5. The airflow flows through the space between the inner sleeve 5 and the outer sleeve 2 and gradually accelerates. When the airflow is accelerated and ejected through the air outlet slot 21, a wind wall is formed to surround the cutter head 11, thereby blocking the propagation of sound, thereby achieving the function of noise reduction. At the same time, since the airflow is ejected downward, the flying debris can be blown off, thereby achieving the function of preventing the flying of debris.

[0042] Working principle: When the CNC lathe is working, the main shaft 1 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the cutter head 11 to process the workpiece. When the main shaft 1 rotates, the teeth 13 arranged in a circular array on the surface of the main shaft 1 drive the reduction gear 33 to rotate. The rotation of the reduction gear 33 drives the gear ring 32 meshing with it to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the fan blades 31 to inhale more air. Part of the inhaled air enters the inner sleeve 5. The main shaft 1 rotates, thereby driving the fixed sleeve 12 to rotate, thereby driving the rotor blades 121 to rotate in the funnel part of the inner sleeve 5, and presses the air downward to cause vortex motion of the airflow, and then the stator blades 52 increase the pressure by slowing down the rotation motion of the air, and the multiple groups of stator blades 52 and rotor blades 121 arranged at intervals are used to achieve multi-stage compression of the air, and the air is made to flow from the funnel part of the inner sleeve 5 to the straight cylinder part. The cross-sectional area of ​​the funnel portion is larger than that of the straight-barrel portion. Following the principle that the flow velocity is small where the cross-section is large and the flow velocity is large where the cross-section is small, the compressed air is further accelerated when it flows from the funnel portion of the inner sleeve 5 to the straight-barrel portion. The accelerated airflow enters the straight-barrel portion through the diversion of the diverter plate 53, and is finally sprayed toward the cutter head 11 through the jet nozzle 22, thereby preventing debris from splashing into the gap where the cutter head 11 is installed during processing, thereby protecting the cutter head 11. At the same time, it can prevent debris from adhering to the cutter head 11, thereby achieving automatic cleaning. The other part enters the cavity formed between the outer sleeve 2 and the inner sleeve 5, and is discharged through the air outlet slot 21 formed at the lower end of the outer sleeve 2 and the inner sleeve 5, thereby achieving the flow of air between the outer sleeve 2 and the inner sleeve 5, thereby dissipating the heat inside the outer sleeve 2, thereby performing heat dissipation protection on the spindle 1, thereby extending the service life of the spindle 1.

[0043] The above only describes some exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical CNC lathe, characterized in that: include: A main shaft (1) having a fixed sleeve (12) disposed thereon, wherein a surface array of rotor blades (121) is disposed on the fixed sleeve (12); An inner shaft sleeve (5) is arranged in a funnel shape, an inner ring sleeve (51) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the inner shaft sleeve (5), and stator blades (52) are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the inner ring sleeve (51); The rotor blades (121) and the stator blades (52) are both arc-shaped blades, which are arranged at intervals and have opposite bending directions.

2. A vertical CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes injection nozzles (22) arranged in a circumferential array on the inner sleeve (5).

3. A vertical CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a reduction sleeve (3) fixedly arranged on the inner shaft sleeve (5), on which a gear ring (32) is rotatably arranged, and blades (31) are arranged in an array on the outer wall of the gear ring (32).

4. A vertical CNC lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes reduction gears (33) meshing with the gear ring (32) and the main shaft (1), and arranged in a circumferential array around the main shaft (1).

5. A vertical CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an outer shaft sleeve (2) sleeved on the outer side of the inner shaft sleeve (5) and arranged in a funnel shape.

6. A vertical CNC lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes partition plates (4) arranged in a circumferential array between the inner sleeve (5) and the outer sleeve (2).

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