Cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model equipment, which comprises a human body model, a plurality of resonance units, a driving main control board, a base and a control device, and is characterized in that the bottom of the human body model is connected with an upper cover plate of the base; a plurality of cavities are formed in the human body model, and the resonance units are correspondingly installed in the cavities respectively, electrically connected with the driving main control board and used for simulating heart sounds and breath sounds; a containing cavity is formed in the base, the driving main control board is arranged at the bottom of the containing cavity and fixedly connected with the base, and the driving main control board is used for receiving audio frequency and driving the resonance unit to produce sound; and the control device is connected with the driving main control board through a bus interface and is used for sending the audio to the driving main control board.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical education equipment, in particular to a cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device. Background Art

[0002] Cardiopulmonary auscultation is an indispensable core component of cardiology examinations and is crucial to the learning process of interns. In the practical training and skill improvement stages, the use of cardiopulmonary auscultation simulation equipment is an indispensable teaching method. This type of simulation equipment is designed to provide learners with a highly simulated environment, allowing them to become familiar with and master the accurate locations of the various auscultation areas of the heart and lungs and the characteristics of the auscultation sounds that should be present under normal circumstances. Through these simulators, doctors can truly experience the difference between normal breath sounds and pathological auscultation sounds in different heart valve areas and lung regions, thereby enhancing diagnostic capabilities and clinical practice levels.

[0003] In the current cardiopulmonary auscultation simulation teaching equipment on the market, the hardware system that integrates a real stethoscope is often limited by the technical characteristics of the diaphragm speaker, the sound-generating element it uses. Due to its limited power output and insufficient sound quality restoration ability, this speaker is difficult to accurately reproduce the complex and varied details of the heart and lung sounds, especially when simulating heart murmurs, subtle changes in heart sounds, and various pathological respiratory sounds. In addition, these simulation devices fail to provide physical tactile feedback that matches actual heart sound auscultation, such as the heartbeat vibrations felt by touching the heart, which constitutes an important deficiency for learners to experience real diagnosis and treatment situations.

[0004] At the software level, there are still some technical bottlenecks in this type of simulator. The sound switching between the various auscultation points is not smooth, and the sound source cross-interference problem between adjacent auscultation intervals is prone to occur. This is mainly due to the lack of advanced software algorithms to optimize the switching synchronization and positioning accuracy of the sound source between different auscultation sites. Therefore, when simulating the continuous movement of the stethoscope for scanning the cardiopulmonary area, it is impossible to achieve a high degree of simulation, which affects the overall teaching effect and learning experience. It cannot fully meet the requirements of high-fidelity simulation training of cardiopulmonary auscultation skills in medical education, and it is also impossible to effectively simulate the three-dimensional tactile information during the palpation process. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to solve the problem of being unable to accurately reproduce complex and changeable cardiopulmonary sounds and the cross-interference of sound sources in adjacent auscultation intervals.

[0006] The utility model provides a cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device, comprising: a human body model, a plurality of resonance units, a driving main control board, a base and a control device, wherein the bottom of the human body model is connected to the upper cover plate of the base;

[0007] The human body model is provided with a plurality of cavities, and the resonance units are respectively installed in the plurality of cavities and electrically connected to the driving main control board for simulating heart sounds and respiratory sounds;

[0008] A cavity is provided inside the base, the driving main control board is placed at the bottom of the cavity and fixedly connected to the base, the driving main control board is used to receive audio and drive the resonance unit to make sound; the control device is connected to the driving main control board through a bus interface, and is used to send the audio to the driving main control board.

[0009] Furthermore, the driving main control board is used to receive the audio, drive the corresponding resonance unit to perform split audio and play at the same frequency.

[0010] Furthermore, the resonance unit is made of 6061 aluminum alloy.

[0011] Furthermore, the resonance unit includes a plurality of heart sound resonance units and a plurality of respiratory sound resonance units, and the heart sound resonance units and the respiratory sound resonance units are respectively connected to the driving main control board through driving cables.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive cable is a 2-pin cable.

[0013] Furthermore, the diameter of the heart sound resonance unit is 20mm-40mm, the thickness is 10mm-15mm, and the power is 0-5W; the diameter of the respiratory sound resonance unit is 20mm-40mm, the thickness is 10mm-15mm, and the power is 0-3W.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving main control board is used to output corresponding electrical signals to the driving main control board according to the resonance units of different powers.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving main control board also has an intelligent control unit, which is used to identify the auscultation area and simulate the pathological or physiological sounds corresponding to the area.

[0016] Furthermore, the human body model includes a silicone outer skin and a cavity shell, the silicone outer skin is mounted on the outside of the cavity shell, the silicone outer skin is used to simulate the touch of a real human body, the cavity shell is used to provide support, and the cavity is arranged on the cavity shell.

[0017] Furthermore, the driving main control board is threadedly connected to the base.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by installing multiple resonance units inside the human body model and accurately simulating heart sounds and respiratory sounds, the present device can provide a sound experience that is very similar to auscultation of a real human body, thereby enhancing the sense of reality and immersion in learning. The driver main control board can receive and process a variety of different audio files, so that the present device can simulate a variety of pathological and physiological sounds of the heart and lungs, providing learners with comprehensive auscultation training. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the front view and the rear view of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the central lung auscultation teaching model device of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the base in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the control device in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a specific schematic diagram of the resonance unit of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 It is an exploded diagram of the resonance unit of the utility model.

[0027] Among them, 1-human body model, 2-base, 3-front chest cardiopulmonary auscultation area, 4-back cardiopulmonary auscultation area, 5-abdominal auscultation area, 6-left side cardiopulmonary auscultation area, 7-right side cardiopulmonary auscultation area, 8-drive main control board, 9-bus interface, 10-upper cover, 11-shell, 12-lower cover, 13-resonance unit; 131-vibration part; 132-magnet; 133-coil; 134-resonance unit shell; 135-elastic fixing part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] A cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with a schematic diagram, wherein a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, and it should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the present invention described herein, while still achieving the beneficial effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being widely known to those skilled in the art, and not as a limitation to the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0030] The present invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in very simplified form and in non-precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] The utility model provides a cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device, comprising: a human body model 1, a plurality of resonance units 13, a driving main control board 8, a base 2 and a control device, wherein the bottom of the human body model 1 is connected to the upper cover plate 10 of the base 2;

[0032] The human body model 1 is provided with a plurality of cavities, and the resonance units 13 are respectively installed in the plurality of cavities and electrically connected to the driving main control board 8 for simulating heart sounds and respiratory sounds;

[0033] A cavity is provided inside the base 2, and the driving main control board 8 is placed at the bottom of the cavity and fixedly connected to the base 2. The driving main control board 8 is used to receive audio and drive the resonance unit 13 to make sound; the control device is connected to the driving main control board 8 via a bus interface 9, and is used to send the audio to the driving main control board 8.

[0034] In this embodiment, the mannequin 1 is a simulation of the external structure of the human body, especially the thoracic cavity, for providing an intuitive learning environment. The shape and size of the model are usually close to that of a real person so that students can practice auscultation in a real environment. The bottom of the mannequin 1 is connected to the upper cover plate 10 of the base 2 to ensure the stability of the model.

[0035] Furthermore, the human body model 1 includes a silicone outer skin and a cavity shell, the silicone outer skin is mounted on the outside of the cavity shell, the silicone outer skin is used to simulate the touch of a real human body, the cavity shell is used to provide support, and the cavity is arranged on the cavity shell.

[0036] Specifically, there is a foam filling layer between the silicone skin and the cavity shell, which is designed to provide a touch and appearance as close to the real human body as possible, while providing the necessary support and protection for the internal resonance unit.

[0037] The silicone skin is a layer of material covering the outside of the cavity shell, which is used to simulate the touch of real human skin. This skin design allows students to feel the skin feeling similar to that of real patients when performing auscultation, thereby increasing the authenticity of the training.

[0038] The cavity shell is a solid structure inside the human body model that provides support for the silicone skin and protects the internal resonant unit and other electronic components. It is usually made of rigid materials (such as plastic or metal) to ensure the durability and stability of the model.

[0039] The cavity is a space set on the cavity shell for installing the resonance unit. Each cavity corresponds to a specific auscultation area, such as a valve area of ​​the heart or a part of the lungs. By installing the resonance unit in the cavity, the model can simulate the heart sounds and respiratory sounds of the corresponding area, allowing students to practice on specific auscultation points.

[0040] The resonance unit 13 is a key part for simulating heart sounds and respiratory sounds. Each unit corresponds to a specific cavity inside the human body model 1. Specifically, the cavity is arranged on the surface of the cavity shell and is recessed 2mm-4mm downward. In this embodiment, it specifically includes the front chest cardiopulmonary auscultation area 3, the back cardiopulmonary auscultation area 4, the abdominal cardiopulmonary auscultation area 5, the left side cardiopulmonary auscultation area 6 and the right side cardiopulmonary auscultation area 7. These cavities simulate the actual positions of the heart and lungs. When the main control board 8 is driven to send a signal, the resonance unit 13 will vibrate according to the signal to produce sounds similar to real heart sounds and respiratory sounds.

[0041] The driving main control board 8 is responsible for receiving the audio signal sent by the control device and driving the corresponding resonance unit 13 to make sound. It is placed at the bottom of the cavity inside the base 2 and is fixedly connected to the base 2 to ensure stable operation. Further, the driving main control board 8 is threadedly connected to the base 2.

[0042] The base 2 includes an upper cover plate 10, a shell 11 and a lower cover plate 12. The base 2 provides support for the entire model and includes an internal cavity for placing the driving main control board 8 and other electronic components that may be required. The upper cover plate 10 is connected to the bottom of the human body model 1 to fix and stabilize the model.

[0043] The control device generally includes a user interface (such as a touch screen or buttons) and one or more interfaces for connecting to the driver main control board 8 and transmitting audio signals. In this embodiment, the control device can be a computer configured with audio files, allowing the user to operate the model, select different heart sound and respiratory sound modes, and adjust parameters such as volume. Through this device, medical students can repeatedly practice auscultation skills without real patients until they can accurately identify and interpret various heart sounds and respiratory sounds.

[0044] Furthermore, the driving main control board 8 is used to receive the audio, drive the corresponding resonance unit 13 to perform split audio and play at the same frequency.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the driving main control board 8 adopts a main control board of model ESP32-S3, which is used to receive external audio input, which can be pre-recorded heart sounds and respiratory sounds, or sounds generated in real time. The driving main control board 8 includes an audio processing circuit that can amplify and process the input audio signal, and then transmit it to the corresponding resonance unit 13 in a branch path. Each resonance unit is designed for a specific auscultation area, such as different valve areas of the heart or different parts of the lungs. The driving main control board 8 ensures that the audio signal is played synchronously to maintain the continuity and authenticity of the sound. In this way, when students or doctors perform auscultation, they can hear heart sounds and respiratory sounds similar to those of real patients, thereby conducting effective diagnostic training.

[0046] Furthermore, the resonance unit 13 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy.

[0047] For details of the resonance unit 13, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The resonance unit 13 is provided with a magnet 132 in a columnar shape, one end of which is fixedly connected to a surface of the vibration part 131, and a coil 133 is arranged around the outer periphery. The surface of the vibration part 131 provided with the magnet 132 is fixed to the housing of the resonance unit 13 through an elastic fixing member 135. In this embodiment, the magnet 132 is a neodymium iron boron magnet, and the elastic fixing member 135 is a leaf spring.

[0048] Specifically, the vibration part 131 is placed in the cavity, the resonance unit housing 134 protrudes out of the cavity, and the other surface of the vibration part 131 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity, so that the resonance unit 13 is fixed on the human body model. In this embodiment, the resonance unit 13 is fixedly connected to the cavity by strong glue.

[0049] When the resonance unit 13 receives the audio signal from the driving main control board 8 , the magnetic field generated by the coil 133 drives the magnet 132 to push the vibration part 131 to vibrate.

[0050] Further, the resonance unit 13 includes a plurality of heart sound resonance units and a plurality of respiratory sound resonance units, and the heart sound resonance units and the respiratory sound resonance units are respectively connected to the driving main control board 8 via driving cables. In this embodiment, the driving cable is a 2-pin cable.

[0051] Furthermore, the diameter of the heart sound resonance unit is 20mm-40mm, the thickness is 10mm-15mm, and the power is 0-5W; the diameter of the respiratory sound resonance unit is 20mm-40mm, the thickness is 10mm-15mm, and the power is 0-3W.

[0052] Specifically, the resonance unit 13 is subdivided into a heart sound resonance unit and a respiratory sound resonance unit, which simulate the sounds of the heart and lungs respectively.

[0053] The diameter of the heart sound resonance unit is 20mm-40mm. This size range allows the resonance unit to be large enough to produce a loud enough sound, but not too large to fit in the human body model. The thickness is 10mm-15mm. This thickness can ensure the stability and vibration efficiency of the resonance unit. The power is 0-5W. This power range means that the heart sound resonance unit can produce a loud enough sound, and can also adjust the volume to simulate heart sounds of different intensities.

[0054] In this embodiment, the diameter of the heart sound resonance unit is 35 mm, the thickness is 13 mm, the impedance is 4Ω, and the power is 5W.

[0055] The diameter of the breath sound resonance unit is 20mm-40mm. The same diameter range as the heart sound resonance unit ensures efficient and consistent sound generation. The thickness is 10mm-15mm. The same thickness as the heart sound resonance unit provides similar stability and vibration characteristics. The power is 0-3W. Although breath sounds are usually softer than heart sounds, this power range can still produce clear and audible breath sounds, while also being able to adjust the volume to simulate different breathing patterns.

[0056] In this embodiment, the diameter of the respiratory sound resonance unit is 26 mm, the thickness is 13.8 mm, the impedance is 4Ω, and the power is 3W.

[0057] Furthermore, the driving main control board 8 is used to output corresponding electrical signals to the driving main control board 8 according to the resonance units of different powers.

[0058] Specifically, the main drive control board 8 can identify the power requirements of each resonance unit 13 and adjust the output electrical signal to meet these requirements. For example, the power range of the heart sound resonance unit is 0 to 5W, while the power range of the respiratory sound resonance unit is 0 to 3W. The main drive control board 8 needs to be able to distinguish these different power requirements and accurately provide electrical signals of corresponding strengths.

[0059] In order to simulate the volume and tone of different heart sounds and breath sounds, the driver main control board 8 must be able to adjust the amplitude and frequency of the output signal. In this way, it can make the heart sound resonance unit produce clear heartbeat sounds, and also make the breath sound resonance unit produce soft breath sounds.

[0060] Since the heart sound resonance unit and the respiratory sound resonance unit may work at the same time, the driving main control board 8 also needs to have a multi-channel output capability to ensure that signals can be sent to multiple resonance units at the same time without interfering with each other. The driving main control board 8 also needs to be able to quickly respond to the instructions of the control device and adjust the output signal in real time to simulate the dynamic changes of the heart and lungs, such as changes in heart rate or changes in breathing mode.

[0061] Furthermore, the driving main control board 8 also has an intelligent control unit, which is used to identify the auscultation area and simulate the pathological or physiological sounds corresponding to the area.

[0062] Specifically, the intelligent control unit may include a sensor, through which the medical student or doctor is identifying the auscultation area being simulated by the sensor or by interaction with the control device. This may include various valve areas of the heart (such as the mitral valve area, tricuspid valve area, aortic valve area, etc.) and different parts of the lungs. Once the auscultation area is identified, the intelligent control unit can select and simulate the pathological or physiological sounds corresponding to the area. For example, if auscultation is performed in the mitral valve area, the intelligent control unit may simulate the sound of mitral regurgitation or mitral stenosis.

[0063] The intelligent control unit is also able to simulate a variety of different pathological and physiological conditions so that medical students and doctors can practice auscultation in various situations. This includes normal heart and lung sounds, the sounds of various common heart and lung diseases, and other possible abnormal sounds. Through the intelligent control unit, students can choose different cases or auscultation scenarios according to their learning needs, so as to learn and practice in an interactive environment. This ability to simulate real clinical situations greatly improves learning efficiency and practicality.

[0064] The intelligent control unit can also provide instant feedback and evaluation to help students understand whether their auscultation skills are accurate and how to improve. For example, it can prompt students whether they have correctly identified a specific heart sound or breath sound, or whether they have noticed specific characteristics of a pathological sound.

[0065] By integrating an intelligent control unit, the cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device can not only provide static heart and respiratory sound simulation, but also dynamically simulate various clinical situations, which helps to improve diagnostic skills.

[0066] The above specific examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which are only used to help understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, some simple deductions, deformations or substitutions can be made based on the idea of ​​the present invention.

Claims

1. A cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device, characterized in that: include: A human body model, a plurality of resonance units, a driving main control board, a base and a control device, wherein the bottom of the human body model is connected to the upper cover plate of the base; The human body model is provided with a plurality of cavities, and the resonance units are respectively installed in the cavities and electrically connected to the driving main control board for simulating heart sounds and respiratory sounds; A cavity is provided inside the base, the driving main control board is placed at the bottom of the cavity and fixedly connected to the base, the driving main control board is used to receive audio and drive the resonance unit to make sound; the control device is connected to the driving main control board through a bus interface, and is used to send the audio to the driving main control board.

2. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving main control board is used to receive the audio, drive the corresponding resonance unit to perform split audio and play at the same frequency.

3. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonance unit is made of 6061 aluminum alloy.

4. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonance unit includes a plurality of heart sound resonance units and a plurality of respiratory sound resonance units, and the heart sound resonance units and the respiratory sound resonance units are respectively connected to the driving main control board through driving cables.

5. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive cable is a 2-pin cable.

6. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the heart sound resonance unit is 20mm-40mm, the thickness is 10mm-15mm, and the power is 0-5W; the diameter of the respiratory sound resonance unit is 20mm-40mm, the thickness is 10mm-15mm, and the power is 0-3W.

7. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving main control board is used to output corresponding electrical signals to the driving main control board according to the resonance units of different powers.

8. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving main control board also has an intelligent control unit, which is used to identify the auscultation area and simulate the pathological or physiological sounds corresponding to the area.

9. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The human body model includes a silicone outer skin and a cavity shell. The silicone outer skin is set on the outside of the cavity shell. The silicone outer skin is used to simulate the touch of a real human body. The cavity shell is used to provide support. The cavity is set on the cavity shell.

10. The cardiopulmonary auscultation teaching model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving main control board is threadedly connected to the base.

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