Heat pump device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of high efficiency and energy conservation, in particular to a heat pump device which comprises a falling-film evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a heat exchanger, a heat source and liquid water are introduced into the falling-film evaporator through pipelines, the compressor is communicated with the falling-film evaporator and used for conveying water vapor into the condenser from the falling-film evaporator, and the condenser is communicated with the heat exchanger. The water vapor is condensed in the condenser, the heat exchanger is communicated with the condenser, and the preheated material flows in and out of the heat exchanger. The device has the advantages that the heat source can be increased to 100 DEG C or above and output, and the effect of saving energy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of high-efficiency energy-saving technology, and in particular to a heat pump device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society and the requirements of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the requirements for energy efficiency are constantly increasing. However, there is still a large amount of high-temperature waste heat in industrial production and construction fields that needs to be utilized urgently.

[0003] For example: In the distillation process of chemical and pharmaceutical enterprises, after steam is used to heat the input materials, the substances with lower boiling points are first vaporized and output, with a certain saturation temperature (for example, the boiling point of ethanol is 78.3℃), carrying a large amount of latent heat, but because its temperature is lower than the temperature of the heat source (for example, the steam temperature is 120℃), it cannot be used again, and can only be condensed and dissipated by cooling water, resulting in the waste of all the above latent heat and increasing the load of the cooling system. In the fermentation tank disinfection process of biopharmaceutical enterprises and the equipment disinfection process of hospitals, low-pressure steam is introduced into the tank to make the water in the tank reach the boiling point, and the exhaust steam of nearly 100℃ is discharged from the top of the tank. Although it carries a large amount of latent heat, it is lower than the source temperature of the steam and cannot be used again. It can only be discharged, wasting energy. The flue gas of industrial kilns has a certain temperature, which can reach 110℃, and can be used to produce high-temperature hot water. The hot water temperature can reach 70℃. It can be used for heating in winter, but it cannot be used in other seasons.

[0004] In the industrial and construction fields, there are a lot of heat sources with a certain temperature, but they cannot be used directly. They can only be used by raising their temperature to above 100°C. Therefore, designing a device that can raise the heat source to above 100°C and output it is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to raise the heat source to above 100°C and output it to achieve the purpose of saving energy, the present application provides a heat pump device.

[0006] The heat pump device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A heat pump device comprises a falling film evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a heat exchanger. A heat source and liquid water are respectively introduced into the falling film evaporator through pipelines. The compressor is connected to the falling film evaporator. The compressor is used to send water vapor from the falling film evaporator to the condenser. The water vapor is condensed in the condenser. The heat exchanger is connected to the condenser, and the preheated material flows into and out of the heat exchanger.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when working, first the heat source and liquid water are introduced into the falling film evaporator 1 together, and heat exchange occurs between the heat source and liquid water in the falling film evaporator 1. The liquid water absorbs heat and evaporates to form saturated water vapor. The compressor sends the water vapor into the condenser, and the high-temperature water vapor condenses to release heat. At the same time, the high-temperature water vapor is condensed into high-temperature liquid water to meet the requirement of raising the temperature to above 100°C, and then passes through the heat exchanger to achieve heating of the material. In this way, by extracting the heat source and raising the temperature, it is finally converted into high-temperature liquid water, which does not need to be cooled and discharged, so as to realize the recycling of heat energy, save energy, and reduce the load of the cooling system.

[0009] Optionally, the water outlet inside the falling film evaporator is located at the top, and the water outlet inside the falling film evaporator is located above the heat source outlet inside the falling film evaporator.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, liquid water can flow from top to bottom, can fully contact with heat during the flow process, can fully absorb latent heat, achieve indirect heating, and the liquid water can continue to evaporate.

[0011] Optionally, a sprayer is provided inside the falling film evaporator, and the sprayer is connected to a pipeline for conveying liquid water.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, liquid water forms a water film on the inner wall under the action of spraying, which makes the liquid water flow down more evenly and makes it easier to evaporate.

[0013] Optionally, a first flow limiting valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the sprayer, and the first flow limiting valve is used to change the flow rate and proportion of the liquid water.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the first flow limiting valve can change the flow rate and proportion of liquid water, and can also reduce the waste of water resources while meeting the demand.

[0015] Optionally, a separation tank is further included, and the separation tank is arranged between the compressor and the falling film evaporator.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the separation tank realizes gas-liquid separation, which facilitates the smooth discharge of water vapor in the falling film evaporator.

[0017] Optionally, a mixing tube is further included, wherein the mixing tube is arranged between the separation tank and the compressor, and water vapor enters the mixing tube through a pipeline. The mixing tube is also connected to a pipeline for conveying liquid water.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, liquid water and water vapor are mixed under the action of the mixing tube, so that the water vapor reaches a saturated state, thereby facilitating compression by the compressor.

[0019] Optionally, a second flow limiting valve is installed on the pipeline connected to the mixing tube and used to transport liquid water.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the second flow limiting valve can change the flow rate and proportion of liquid water in the mixing tube, and can also reduce the waste of water resources while meeting the mixing requirements.

[0021] Optionally, the mixing tube is an arc-shaped tube, a nozzle is provided in the mixing tube, the nozzle is connected to liquid water, and the nozzle is located at the connection between the compressor and the mixing tube.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, water vapor and liquid water are fully mixed under the action of the nozzle to ensure that the water vapor reaches a saturated state.

[0023] Optionally, a working fluid pump is also included, and the working fluid pump is used to return the liquid water in the heat exchanger to the falling film evaporator 1 or the mixing tube.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of the heat exchanger, liquid water can also be used as a refrigerant in the previous treatment.

[0025] Optionally, the compressor is a twin-screw compressor.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, a water film is formed on the surface of the screw of the compressor, which continuously absorbs the heat generated during the compression process, so that the output water vapor will not be seriously overheated.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. The present application provides a heat pump device. First, the heat source and liquid water are introduced into the falling film evaporator 1 together. The liquid water absorbs heat and evaporates to form saturated water vapor. The compressor sends the water vapor into the condenser and introduces the heated liquid at the same time. The high-temperature water vapor condenses and releases heat. The heated liquid absorbs the heat released by condensation. The high-temperature water vapor is condensed into high-temperature liquid water to meet the demand of raising the temperature to above 100°C, and is output for reuse. In this way, by extracting the heat source and raising the temperature, it is finally converted into high-temperature liquid water, which does not need to be cooled and discharged, so as to realize the recycling of heat energy, save energy, and reduce the load of the cooling system;

[0029] 2. In this application, a sprayer is built into the falling film evaporator. Liquid water forms a water film on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube under the action of spraying, absorbs the heat from the heat source on the shell side, and evaporates saturated water vapor to provide a cold source for the heat source, so that the heat source is continuously condensed. Under the action of the water film, the heat exchange is uniform and the heat conversion is optimal;

[0030] 3. A heat exchanger is also provided in the present application, and high-temperature liquid water is passed into the heat exchanger, and at the same time, the preheated material is also passed into the heat exchanger. Under the action of the heat exchanger, the heat in the high-temperature liquid water is transferred to the material to realize the reuse of the heat source; at the same time, the liquid water can also be used as a refrigerant in the previous treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a system diagram of the heat pump device in this application.

[0032] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Falling film evaporator; 2. Compressor; 3. Condenser; 4. Heat exchanger; 5. Separation tank; 6. Mixing tube; 7. First flow limiting valve; 8. Second flow limiting valve; 9. Working fluid pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is combined with Figure 1 This application is described in further detail.

[0034] The present application embodiment discloses a heat pump device, referring to Figure 1 The heat pump device includes a falling film evaporator 1, a compressor 2, a condenser 3 and a heat exchanger 4. The heat source and liquid water are respectively introduced into the falling film evaporator 1 through pipelines. The compressor 2 is connected to the falling film evaporator 1, the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the condenser 3, and the preheated material flows in and out of the heat exchanger 4.

[0035] During operation, the heat source and liquid water are introduced into the falling film evaporator 1 together, the heat source is condensed in the shell side of the falling film evaporator 1, and the latent heat is indirectly transferred to the liquid water. The liquid water absorbs the heat and evaporates to form saturated water vapor. The compressor 2 sends the water vapor to the condenser 3, and the water vapor condenses in the condenser 3 to form high-temperature liquid water. Then the high-temperature liquid water is introduced into the heat exchanger 4 to achieve heating of the material. In this way, by extracting the heat source and increasing the temperature, it is finally converted into high-temperature liquid water, which does not need to be cooled and discharged, so as to achieve the recycling of heat energy, save energy, and reduce the load of the cooling system.

[0036] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The falling film evaporator 1 is used to transfer the latent heat in the heat source to the water vapor. Of course, there are gas outlets and water outlets inside the falling film evaporator 1. In this embodiment, the water outlet inside the falling film evaporator 1 is located at the top, and the water outlet inside the falling film evaporator 1 is located above the gas outlet inside the falling film evaporator 1. After the liquid water enters the falling film evaporator 1, it can flow down from top to bottom. During the flow process, it can fully contact with the latent heat in the heat source, and the liquid water can evaporate continuously.

[0037] In particular, a sprayer (not shown) is provided inside the falling film evaporator 1, and the sprayer is connected to a pipeline for conveying water. Liquid water forms a water film on the inner wall under the action of spraying, absorbs the latent heat from the heat source of the shell side, and evaporates saturated water vapor. Under the action of the water film, the heat exchange of the tower top gas is uniform, and the heat conversion is optimal.

[0038] Of course, refer to Figure 1 , and also includes a separation tank 5, which is arranged between the compressor 2 and the falling film evaporator 1. The separation tank 5 is used to achieve gas-liquid separation, so that the water vapor in the falling film evaporator 1 can be discharged smoothly.

[0039] In this embodiment, a mixing tube 6 is further included, which is arranged between the separation tank 5 and the compressor 2. The water vapor enters the mixing tube 6 through a pipeline, and the mixing tube 6 is also connected to a pipeline for conveying liquid water. Under the action of the mixing tube 6, the liquid water and the water vapor are mixed, and while the water vapor reaches a saturated state, excess water can also be provided to facilitate compression by the compressor 2.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 The mixing tube 6 is an arc-shaped tube, and a nozzle (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the mixing tube 6, which is connected to an external water source and is located at the connection between the compressor 2 and the mixing tube 6. Under the action of the nozzle and the arc-shaped mixing tube 6, the water vapor and the liquid water are fully mixed to ensure that the water vapor can reach a saturated state.

[0041] Of course, a first flow limiting valve 7 is provided on the pipeline connected to the sprinkler, and a second flow limiting valve 8 is installed on the pipeline connected to the mixing tube 6 and used to transport liquid water. The first flow limiting valve 7 can change the flow rate and proportion of liquid water according to the actual flow rate of the tower top gas, and the second flow limiting valve 8 can change the flow rate and proportion of liquid water in the mixing tube 6 according to the actual flow rate of the tower top gas. In this way, under the premise of meeting the mixing requirements, the waste of water resources can also be reduced.

[0042] In this embodiment, the compressor 2 is a twin-screw compressor 2 with synchronous gears, and the two screw surfaces in the compressor 2 do not touch each other. The compressor 2 rotates to suck in a mixture of steam and liquid droplets, and continues to evaporate while compressing, so as to avoid the output water vapor temperature being too high.

[0043] Of course, refer to Figure 1 A heated liquid can also be introduced into the condenser 3. When water vapor condenses in the condenser 3, a certain amount of heat will be released. Since the heated liquid is introduced, the heat will be released to the heated liquid, thereby realizing the utilization of thermal resources.

[0044] In this embodiment, a working fluid pump 9 is also included, which is used to return the liquid water in the heat exchanger 4 to the falling film evaporator 1 or the mixing tube 6. Under the action of the heat exchanger 4, the liquid water can be used as a refrigerant in the previous treatment again, realizing the recycling of resources.

[0045] In a specific embodiment:

[0046] The working fluid pump 9 delivers liquid water as the working fluid, the temperature of the liquid water is about 80°C, and the delivery pressure is 0.4MPa. The liquid water passes through the first flow limiting valve 7 and enters the top of the falling film evaporator 1. Under the action of the sprayer therein, the liquid water becomes an atomized state, is evenly sprayed on the top of the pipe section of the falling film evaporator 1, and flows downward naturally. A uniform thin layer of water film is formed on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube of the falling film evaporator 1.

[0047] The heat source is the gas output by the user's distillation system, which contains 90% methanol and 10% water vapor, and its saturation temperature is about 70°C. The heat source is condensed in the shell side of the falling film evaporator 1, and the latent heat is indirectly transferred to the water film in the tube side. After condensation, the heat source forms condensate and is discharged naturally. After the heat is transferred to the water film of the falling film evaporator 1, the water film evaporates, and its boiling point is about 65°C, and the saturation pressure is 0.025MPa (absolute pressure). Through the separation tank 5, the water vapor in the upper and lower parts of the falling film evaporator 1 is smoothly collected and discharged.

[0048] The water vapor discharged from the falling film evaporator 1 enters the mixing pipe section 6, and the second flow limiting valve 8 is opened to spray a certain amount of water. The water forms a mist and continuously provides water. Among them, the mass flow rate of water vapor is 4000kg / h, and the water spraying amount is 400kg / h, which is about 10% of the water vapor flow rate. The formed mixture enters the compressor 2, and a water film is formed on the screw surface of the compressor 2, which continuously absorbs the heat generated during the compression process, so that the output water vapor will not be seriously overheated.

[0049] The compression ratio of compressor 2 is set to 8 times, the shaft power of compressor 2 is 720kW, the output water vapor pressure is 0.2MPa (absolute pressure), and the output water vapor temperature is controlled at 122℃. If the output temperature exceeds 122℃ at a certain moment, the water spraying amount is increased; otherwise, the water spraying amount is reduced. Water spraying is crucial to reducing the shaft power of compressor 2.

[0050] The water vapor output by the compressor 2 enters the condenser 3 and is condensed and released in the shell side. The liquid that the user needs to heat passes through the tube side, which can be the user's lean liquid. The inlet temperature of the liquid is 103°C, and the outlet temperature is 109°C. By increasing the temperature, it can be used for boiling evaporation at the back end. The use of this device for heating avoids the use of steam to heat these solutions, which can save about 4T / h of low-pressure steam.

[0051] The condensed water vapor becomes high-temperature liquid water with a temperature of more than 110°C, which is still useful and can be used to preheat the user's material through the heat exchanger 4. The preheated material can be the user's rich liquid with a temperature of about 35°C, which contains methanol to be distilled. After the rich liquid is preheated by the high-temperature liquid water, the temperature is increased to 70°C, which can reduce the energy demand for subsequent evaporation.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the energy efficiency ratio can generally reach between 3.5 and 4.2, which can greatly save energy and reduce the load of the cooling system.

[0053] The implementation principle of a heat pump device in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: first, the heat source and liquid water are introduced into the falling film evaporator 1 together, the liquid water absorbs heat and evaporates to form saturated water vapor, and the gas-liquid separation is achieved through the separation tank 5. The compressor 2 sends the water vapor into the condenser 3, and at the same time, the heated liquid is introduced, the high-temperature water vapor condenses and releases heat, and the heated liquid absorbs the heat released by condensation. The high-temperature water vapor is condensed into high-temperature liquid water, and the high-temperature liquid water is introduced into the heat exchanger 4, and the heat in the liquid water is utilized. In this way, by extracting the heat source and increasing the temperature, it is finally converted into high-temperature liquid water, and there is no need to cool and discharge it, so as to realize the recycling of heat energy, save energy, and reduce the load of the cooling system.

[0054] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A heat pump device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a falling film evaporator (1), a compressor (2), a condenser (3) and a heat exchanger (4); a heat source and liquid water are respectively introduced into the falling film evaporator (1) through pipelines; the compressor (2) is connected to the falling film evaporator (1); the compressor (2) is used to send water vapor from the falling film evaporator (1) to the condenser (3); the water vapor is condensed in the condenser (3); the heat exchanger (4) is connected to the condenser (3), and the preheated material flows into and flows out of the heat exchanger (4).

2. The heat pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet inside the falling film evaporator (1) is located at the top, and the water outlet inside the falling film evaporator (1) is located above the heat source outlet inside the falling film evaporator (1).

3. The heat pump device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sprayer is arranged inside the falling film evaporator (1), and the sprayer is connected to a pipeline for conveying liquid water.

4. The heat pump device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first flow limiting valve (7) is arranged on the pipeline connected to the sprayer, and the first flow limiting valve (7) is used to change the flow rate and proportion of liquid water.

5. The heat pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a separation tank (5), wherein the separation tank (5) is arranged between the compressor (2) and the falling film evaporator (1).

6. The heat pump device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a mixing tube (6), which is arranged between the separation tank (5) and the compressor (2), and water vapor enters the mixing tube (6) through a pipeline, and the mixing tube (6) is also connected to a pipeline for conveying liquid water.

7. The heat pump device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second flow limiting valve (8) is installed on a pipeline that is in communication with the mixing pipe (6) and is used to transport liquid water.

8. The heat pump device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing tube (6) is an arc-shaped tube. A nozzle is arranged inside the mixing tube (6). The nozzle is connected to liquid water. The nozzle is located at the connection between the compressor (2) and the mixing tube (6).

9. The heat pump device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a working fluid pump (9), wherein the working fluid pump (9) is used to return the liquid water in the heat exchanger (4) to the falling film evaporator (1) or the mixing tube (6).

10. The heat pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor (2) is a twin-screw compressor.

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