Motors and vehicles

Abstract

The present application discloses a motor and a vehicle, wherein the motor comprises: an output shaft; a stator core, on which the output shaft is sleeved, and two end windings are arranged on the stator core, and the end windings are respectively located at a first end face and a second end face of the stator core that are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the output shaft; a first end cover, on which the end windings of the first end face are covered to form a first accommodating chamber, and the first end cover is provided with a liquid inlet connected to the first accommodating chamber; a second end cover, on which the end windings of the second end face are covered to form a second accommodating chamber, and the first accommodating chamber is connected to the second accommodating chamber, and the second end cover is circumferentially provided with at least two liquid discharge ports connected to the second accommodating chamber. It is not easy to form a local high temperature area with a low flow rate in the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber of the motor of the present application, and the end windings dissipate heat evenly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a motor and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the power density of the motor gradually increases, the heat generated by the motor is also rising rapidly. The heat dissipation problem has become an important factor restricting the further improvement of the power density of the motor. The existing motor is provided with end shields at both ends of the stator. The two end shields respectively cover the two end faces of the stator core to form an oil cavity. The oil cavity includes an inlet and a drain port. The coolant fills the oil cavity through the inlet and flows out from the drain port. The end winding of the stator is immersed in the oil cavity for cooling. However, due to the interference limitation of the motor output shaft, the drain port cannot generally be set in the middle of the end shield, so that the flow rate of the coolant in different areas is different when it flows in the oil cavity, resulting in higher temperatures in some areas with lower flow rates, uneven temperature distribution of the stator end winding, and poor heat dissipation effect. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present application provides a motor and a vehicle to solve the technical problem of poor heat dissipation of stator windings.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a motor, comprising: an output shaft; a stator core, on which the output shaft is sleeved, and on which two end windings are arranged, and the end windings are respectively located at a first end face and a second end face of the stator core that are axially opposite to each other along the output shaft; a first end cover, on which the end windings on the first end face are covered to form a first accommodating chamber, and the first end cover is provided with a liquid inlet connected to the first accommodating chamber; a second end cover, on which the end windings on the second end face are covered to form a second accommodating chamber, and the first accommodating chamber is connected to the second accommodating chamber, and the second end cover is circumferentially provided with at least two liquid discharge ports connected to the second accommodating chamber.

[0005] The second end cover is annular, the liquid discharge port is a through hole, and the liquid discharge port is circumferentially arranged on the annular side wall of the second end cover.

[0006] The sum of the axial cross-sectional areas of all the liquid discharge ports is less than or equal to the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid inlet port.

[0007] Wherein, the distance from each liquid discharge port to the second end surface is equal.

[0008] The first end cover is provided with a first seal on the side facing the first end surface, the first seal seals the first accommodating cavity, and the second end cover is provided with a second seal on the side facing the second end surface, the second seal seals the second accommodating cavity.

[0009] Among them, the first end cover includes a first outer wall and a first inner wall arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the stator core, the first inner wall is provided with a first inner mounting groove on the side facing the first end face, the first outer wall is provided with a first outer mounting groove on the side facing the first end face, the first seal includes a first outer seal and a first inner seal, the first outer seal is arranged in the first outer mounting groove, and the first inner seal is arranged in the first inner mounting groove; the second end cover includes a second outer wall and a second inner wall arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the stator core, the second inner wall is provided with a second inner mounting groove on the side facing the second end face, the second outer wall is provided with a second outer mounting groove on the side facing the second end face, the second seal includes a second outer seal and a second inner seal, the second outer seal is arranged in the second outer mounting groove, and the second inner seal is arranged in the second inner mounting groove.

[0010] Among them, a stator slot is passed through between the first end face and the second end face, the stator slot extends radially along the stator core, and a notch is formed in the stator slot toward one end of the output shaft; the end winding is at least partially arranged in the stator slot, and a notch seal is arranged between the end winding and the notch, the notch seal and the end winding are surrounded to form a cooling channel, the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity are connected through the cooling channel, and the first seal and the second seal abut against the area between the cooling channel and the notch on the notch seal.

[0011] The distance a between the cooling channel and the notch is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0012] Wherein, along the radial direction of the stator core, the ratio of the distance a between the cooling channel and the slot to the size of the cooling channel is not greater than 5 to 3.

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a vehicle, comprising the above motor.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: Different from the prior art, the present application provides a motor and a vehicle, wherein the motor includes an output shaft, a stator core, a first end cover and a second end cover. The stator core is sleeved with an output shaft. Two end windings are arranged on the stator core. The end windings are respectively located at the first end face and the second end face of the stator core which are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the output shaft. The first end cover covers the end winding of the first end face to form a first accommodating chamber. The first end cover is provided with a liquid inlet connected to the first accommodating chamber. The second end cover covers the end winding of the second end face to form a second accommodating chamber. The first accommodating chamber is connected to the second accommodating chamber. The second end cover is circumferentially provided with at least two drainage ports connected to the second accommodating chamber. Through the above arrangement, the coolant in the second accommodating chamber can be uniformly discharged from the at least two drainage ports, so that the coolant flowing from the first accommodating chamber to the second accommodating chamber can also form a uniform flow path, and it is not easy to form a local high temperature area with a low flow rate in the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, and the end winding dissipates heat uniformly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a second end cover of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of B;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor of the present application.

[0021] Figure numbers: 100, motor; 10 stator core; 11, first end face; 12, second end face; 13, end winding; 14, stator slot; 141, slot; 142, slot seal; 143, cooling channel; 20, first end cover; 21, liquid inlet; 22, first seal; 221, first outer seal; 222, first inner seal; 23, first outer wall; 231, first outer mounting groove; 24, first inner wall; 241, first inner mounting groove; 26, first accommodating chamber; 30, second end cover; 31, liquid discharge port; 32, second seal; 321, second outer seal; 322, second inner seal; 33, second outer wall; 331, second outer mounting groove; 34, second inner wall; 341, second inner mounting groove; 36, second accommodating chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0024] The motor and vehicle provided by the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0025] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 , Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor of the present application; Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the second end cover of the present application. The present application provides a motor 100, which includes an output shaft, a stator core 10, a first end cover 20 and a second end cover 30. The stator core 10 is sleeved with an output shaft. Two end windings 13 are arranged on the stator core 10. The end windings 13 are respectively located at a first end face 11 and a second end face 12 of the stator core 10 that are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the output shaft. The first end cover 20 covers the end windings 13 of the first end face 11 to form a first accommodating chamber 26. The end windings 13 of the first end face 11 are located in the first accommodating chamber 26 and isolated from the outside. The first end cover 20 is provided with a liquid inlet 21 connected to the first accommodating chamber 26. Cooling liquid can enter the first accommodating chamber 26 through the liquid inlet 21. The second end cover 30 covers the end windings 13 of the second end face 12 to form a second accommodating chamber 36. The end windings 13 of the second end face 12 are located in the second accommodating chamber 36 and isolated from the outside. The first accommodating chamber 26 is connected to the second accommodating chamber 36. The cooling liquid can flow from the first accommodating chamber 26 into the second accommodating chamber 36. The second end cover 30 is circumferentially provided with at least two drainage ports 31 connected to the second accommodating chamber 36. After the cooling liquid fills the first accommodating chamber 26 and the second accommodating chamber 36, it flows out from the at least two drainage ports 31.

[0026] Through the above arrangement, the coolant in the second accommodating chamber 36 can be evenly discharged from at least two drain ports 31, so that the coolant flowing from the first accommodating chamber 26 to the second accommodating chamber 36 can also form a uniform flow path. It is not easy to form local high-temperature areas with low flow rates in the first accommodating chamber 26 and the second accommodating chamber 36, and the end winding 13 dissipates heat evenly.

[0027] The distribution of the at least two drainage ports 31 can be determined according to actual conditions. In one specific embodiment, at least two drainage ports 31 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction. The number of drainage ports 31 arranged in the upper half of the second end cover 30 along the gravity direction is equal to the number of drainage ports 31 arranged in the lower half of the second end cover 30 along the gravity direction. In another specific embodiment, at least two drainage ports 31 are arranged at variable intervals along the circumferential direction. The number of drainage ports 31 arranged in the upper half of the second end cover 30 along the gravity direction is greater than the number of drainage ports 31 arranged in the lower half of the second end cover 30 along the gravity direction. Such a setting is conducive to increasing the drainage flow rate of the upper half of the second accommodating chamber 36, thereby compensating for the fact that the flow rate of the drainage ports 31 in the upper half of the second end cover 30 is lower than the flow rate of the drainage ports 31 in the lower half of the second end cover 30 due to the influence of gravity.

[0028] The number and shape of the drain ports 31 can also be set according to the requirements, for example, the drain ports 31 can be set to two, three, six or more. The shape of the drain ports 31 can be a circular hole, a rectangular hole, a triangular hole, etc. The sizes of the drain ports 31 can be the same or different.

[0029] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the distance between each drain port 31 and the second end face 12 is equal. Therefore, after the heat of the end winding 13 on the second end face 12 is transferred to the surrounding coolant, the distances of the coolant flowing to different drain ports 31 are close, and it is not easy to form a local overheating area, and the heat dissipation performance of the motor 100 is good.

[0030] In one embodiment, the second end shield 30 is annular. The end winding 13 is also annular. The annular size of the second end shield 30 matches the end winding 13. The second end shield 30 covers the end winding 13 to form an annular second accommodating chamber 36. The output shaft passes through the annular hole of the second end shield 30. The drain port 31 is a through hole. The drain port 31 is circumferentially arranged on the annular side wall of the second end shield 30.

[0031] Through the above arrangement, compared with the second end cover 30 being arranged in other shapes, the second end cover 30 is arranged in an annular shape to cover the end winding 13, which is beneficial to maintaining a uniform distance between the second end cover 30 and the end winding 13. It is not easy to form a region with lower flow velocity in the second accommodating cavity 36 due to the structural difference between the second end cover 30 and the end winding 13, and the heat dissipation of the motor 100 is uniform.

[0032] The annular side wall refers to two side walls spaced apart along the radial direction of the output shaft of the second end cover 30. The drain port 31 may be arranged on the side wall facing the output shaft and / or the side wall facing away from the output shaft.

[0033] In one embodiment, the sum of the axial cross-sectional areas of all the drain ports 31 is less than or equal to the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet port 21. The axial cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet port 21 refers to the area of ​​the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the coolant in the inlet port 21. The axial cross-sectional area of ​​the drain port 31 refers to the area of ​​the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the coolant in the drain port 31.

[0034] Through the above arrangement, a pressure difference can be formed between the smaller axial cross-sectional area of ​​the drain port 31 and the larger axial cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet port 21, the flow rate at the drain port 31 is faster, the coolant can flow more fully from the inlet port 21 to the drain port 31, and the motor 100 dissipates heat evenly.

[0035] See also Figure 3 to Figure 4 , Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A is an enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of B. Figure 1 to Figure 2 In one embodiment, a first seal 22 is provided on the side of the first end cover 20 facing the first end face 11. The first seal 22 seals the first accommodating chamber 26. A second seal 32 is provided on the side of the second end cover 30 facing the second end face 12. The second seal 32 seals the second accommodating chamber 36. The first seal 22 and the second seal 32 can be O-rings, elastic sealing rings, etc. The first seal 22 and the second seal 32 can form a seal with the first end face 11 and the second end face 12 respectively by interference fit, or other structures can be provided to abut the first end cover 20 and the second end cover 30 to provide axial extrusion force, so that the first seal 22 and the second seal 32 form a seal with the first end face 11 and the second end face 12 respectively. Through the above arrangement, the coolant in the first accommodating chamber 26 and the second accommodating chamber 36 is not easy to leak, and the motor 100 has stable performance.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first end cover 20 includes a first outer wall 23 and a first inner wall 24 which are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the stator core 10. The first inner wall 24 is provided with a first inner mounting groove 241 on the side facing the first end face 11. The first outer wall 23 is provided with a first outer mounting groove 231 on the side facing the first end face 11. The first seal 22 includes a first outer seal 221 and a first inner seal 222. The first outer seal 221 is provided in the first outer mounting groove 231. The first inner seal 222 is provided in the first inner mounting groove 241. When the first end cover 20 covers the first end face 11, the first outer seal 221 cooperates with the first outer mounting groove 231 and the first end face 11 for sealing, respectively, and the first inner seal 222 cooperates with the first inner mounting groove 241 and the first end face 11 for sealing. The second end cover 30 includes a second outer wall 33 and a second inner wall 34 which are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the stator core 10. The second inner wall 34 is provided with a second inner mounting groove 341 on the side facing the second end face 12. The second outer wall 33 is provided with a second outer mounting groove 331 on the side facing the second end face 12. The second seal 32 includes a second outer seal 321 and a second inner seal 322. The second outer seal 321 is provided in the second outer mounting groove 331. The second inner seal 322 is provided in the second inner mounting groove 341. When the second end cover 30 covers the second end face 12, the second outer seal 321 cooperates with the second outer mounting groove 331 and the second end face 12 for sealing, and the second inner seal 322 cooperates with the second inner mounting groove 341 and the second end face 12 for sealing.

[0037] Through the above arrangement, the first inner seal 222 and the first outer seal can be installed in the first inner mounting groove 241 and the first outer mounting groove 231 respectively, and the second inner seal 322 and the second outer seal 321 can be installed in the second inner mounting groove 341 and the second outer mounting groove 331 respectively, and the installation is stable and the sealing effect is good. At the same time, the first inner wall 24 and the first outer wall 23 inside and outside the first end cover 20 are sealed, and the second inner wall 34 and the second outer wall 33 inside and outside the second end cover 30 are also sealed. The first accommodating chamber 26 and the second accommodating chamber 36 have good overall sealing performance, the coolant is not easy to leak, and the motor 100 is stable in use.

[0038] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a motor of the present application. Figures 1 to 4In one embodiment, a stator slot 14 is provided between the first end face 11 and the second end face 12. The stator slot 14 extends radially along the stator core 10. A plurality of stator slots 14 may be provided and the stator slots 14 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. A notch 141 is formed toward one end of the output shaft. The end winding 13 is at least partially provided in the stator slot 14. The end winding 13 may extend and protrude from the stator slot 14 toward the first end face 11 and the second end face 12. A notch seal 142 is provided between the end winding 13 and the notch 141. The notch seal 142 seals the notch 141. The notch seal 142 and the end winding 13 are surrounded to form a cooling channel 143. The first accommodating chamber 26 and the second accommodating chamber 36 are connected through the cooling channel 143. When the coolant flows through the cooling channel 143, the coolant contacts and exchanges heat with the end winding 13. The first seal 22 and the second seal 32 abut against the area between the cooling channel 143 and the notch 141 on the notch seal 142 .

[0039] Through the above arrangement, the coolant can contact and cool the end winding 13 located inside the stator core 10 through the cooling channel 143, and then flow into the second accommodating chamber 36 to take away the heat, which can effectively dissipate the heat of the end winding 13. At the same time, the notch seal 142 can simultaneously play the role of forming the cooling channel 143 with the end winding 13 and providing an assembly position for the first seal 22 and the second seal 32, and the motor 100 has a simple and ingenious structural design.

[0040] In one embodiment, the distance a between the cooling channel 143 and the notch 141 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm. Therefore, the notch seal 142 has an appropriate size, which can well support the first seal 22 and the second seal 32, and will not occupy too much space for installing the end winding 13 in the stator slot 14, which is conducive to improving the power density of the motor 100.

[0041] Furthermore, along the radial direction of the stator core 10, the ratio of the distance a between the cooling channel 143 and the slot 141 to the size of the cooling channel 143 is not greater than 5 to 3. Through the above arrangement, the distance between the cooling channel 143 and the slot 141 and the size of the cooling channel 143 can be in a good balance, the cooling channel 143 is not likely to be too small to cause poor coolant flow, affecting the heat dissipation performance of the motor 100, and the size of the slot seal 142 is not likely to be too large to cause the overall structure to be bloated, occupy the installation space of the end winding 13, and affect the power density of the motor 100, and the motor 100 has good performance.

[0042] In one embodiment, an insulating member (not shown in the figure) is further disposed in the stator slot 14. The insulating member is disposed between the end winding 13 and the inner wall of the stator slot 14. The insulating member wraps the portion of the end winding 13 located in the stator slot 14. Thus, the end winding 13 is wrapped and isolated by the insulating member, and is not prone to accidental short circuit, and the performance of the motor 100 is stable.

[0043] The present application provides a vehicle, including the above motor 100. The end winding 13 of the stator of the motor 100 can have a good heat dissipation effect, reducing the restriction of heat dissipation on the power density of the motor 100, which is conducive to the motor 100 providing a stronger driving force for the vehicle.

[0044] The terms "first", "second", "third" in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second", "third" can expressly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the embodiments of the present application, all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back ...) are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, motion conditions, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The process, method, system, product or equipment such as including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally also includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0045] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A motor, characterized in that: include: Output shaft; A stator core, on which the output shaft is sleeved, wherein two end windings are arranged on the stator core, and the end windings are respectively located at a first end surface and a second end surface of the stator core which are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the output shaft; A first end cover, covering the end winding of the first end surface to form a first accommodating cavity, the first end cover is provided with a liquid inlet communicating with the first accommodating cavity; The second end cover covers the end winding of the second end surface to form a second accommodating cavity, the first accommodating cavity is connected to the second accommodating cavity, and the second end cover is circumferentially provided with at least two liquid discharge ports connected to the second accommodating cavity.

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The second end cover is annular, the drain port is a through hole, and the drain port is circumferentially arranged on the annular side wall of the second end cover.

3. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The sum of the axial cross-sectional areas of all the liquid discharge ports is less than or equal to the axial cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid inlet port.

4. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The distances from each of the liquid discharge ports to the second end surface are equal.

5. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The first end cover is provided with a first sealant on the side facing the first end surface, and the first sealant seals the first accommodating cavity. The second end cover is provided with a second sealant on the side facing the second end surface, and the second sealant seals the second accommodating cavity.

6. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that The first end cover comprises a first outer wall and a first inner wall spaced apart along the radial direction of the stator core, a first inner wall is provided with a first inner mounting groove on the side facing the first end surface, a first outer wall is provided with a first outer mounting groove on the side facing the first end surface, the first seal comprises a first outer seal and a first inner seal, the first outer seal is provided in the first outer mounting groove, and the first inner seal is provided in the first inner mounting groove; The second end cover includes a second outer wall and a second inner wall arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the stator core, the second inner wall is provided with a second inner mounting groove on the side facing the second end surface, the second outer wall is provided with a second outer mounting groove on the side facing the second end surface, the second seal includes a second outer seal and a second inner seal, the second outer seal is arranged in the second outer mounting groove, and the second inner seal is arranged in the second inner mounting groove.

7. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that A stator slot is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface, the stator slot extends radially along the stator core, and a notch is formed in the stator slot toward one end of the output shaft; The end winding is at least partially arranged in the stator slot, and a slot seal is arranged between the end winding and the slot. The slot seal and the end winding are surrounded by a cooling channel, the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity are connected through the cooling channel, and the first seal and the second seal abut against the area between the cooling channel and the slot on the slot seal.

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that A distance a between the cooling channel and the notch is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.

9. The motor according to claim 8, characterized in that Along the radial direction of the stator core, the ratio of the distance a between the cooling channel and the slot to the size of the cooling channel is no more than 5 to 3.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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