Automatic tool changing spindle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic tool changing main shaft which is used for clamping a tool. Wherein the body extends in the axial direction, and a first hole and a second hole are formed in the two sides of the body in the axial direction respectively; the clamping mechanism is arranged in the first hole in a penetrating mode, the side, close to the body, of the clamping mechanism has a small diameter size, and the side, away from the body, of the clamping mechanism has a large diameter size matched with the inner diameter of the first hole; the clamping mechanism is composed of a plurality of clamping blocks which are evenly distributed at equal angles in the radial direction, and the inner sides of the multiple clamping blocks are matched with the outer contour of the tool, so that when the clamping mechanism retracts, the tool is jointly clamped by the multiple clamping blocks; the air inlet is formed in one side of the body in the radial direction, and a smooth air channel is formed between the air inlet and the clamping mechanism in the body. By means of the structure, closing and separating of the clamping mechanism can be achieved by controlling air pressure, and compared with manual work, the spindle tool changing efficiency can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an automatic tool-changing spindle, belonging to the technical field of PCB processing. Background Art

[0002] The description in this section merely provides background information related to the disclosure of the present utility model and does not constitute prior art.

[0003] The spindle is a high-speed rotating machine that drives the cutter head to rotate through an electric drive. It is mainly used for board cutting, drilling and other operations on printed circuit boards (PCBs). The characteristics of the spindle are high speed, high precision, high stability and low temperature rise, which can ensure the quality and efficiency of PCB processing. The tool clamped at one end of the spindle is a tool used for cutting, milling, drilling, boring, threading and other operations on the workpiece. Different types of knives have different shapes, sizes, materials and functions, suitable for different processing requirements and conditions.

[0004] Generally speaking, tools are consumables that wear out and have a certain lifespan, so spindle tools need to be replaced frequently. At the same time, when processing different areas of a circuit board or to achieve different processing functions, tool models also need to be frequently switched. In the prior art, tool switching requires additional fixation, which is cumbersome, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, and requires too much manual intervention, posing a major safety hazard during use.

[0005] There is no automatic tool changing spindle that can solve the above problems at present. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide an automatic tool-changing spindle, which can realize the closing and disengagement of a clamping mechanism by controlling air pressure, and can significantly improve the spindle tool-changing efficiency compared with manual operation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model discloses the following automatic tool changing spindle for clamping a tool, comprising:

[0008] A body, the body extending in an axial direction, and having a first hole and a second hole on both sides of the body in the axial direction respectively;

[0009] A clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is inserted into the first hole, the clamping mechanism has a first end close to the body and a second end away from the body, the diameter of the first end of the clamping mechanism is smaller than the diameter of the second end, and the diameter of the second end of the clamping mechanism matches the inner diameter of the first hole; the clamping mechanism is composed of a plurality of clamping blocks equally divided along radial angles, the inner sides of the plurality of clamping blocks match the outer contour of the tool, so that when the clamping mechanism is retracted, the tool is clamped by the plurality of clamping blocks;

[0010] An air inlet is arranged on one side of the main body along the radial direction, and a smooth air passage is formed inside the main body from the air inlet to the clamping mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism consists of three clamping blocks with a radial angle of 60°.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a third hole, which is arranged on one side of the body along the radial direction, and a rod-shaped wrench extending along the radial direction is passed through the third hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the overhang amount of the tool extending out of the first hole along the axial direction is 13 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the air inlet also includes a three-way valve, and the air inlet of the three-way valve can input air with a pressure of 0-0.6MPa.

[0015] Further, the first hole includes a sleeve portion protruding outwardly from the body along the axial direction.

[0016] Furthermore, a side of the sleeve portion away from the body includes a dust cover, and the dust cover covers a gap between the sleeve portion and the body.

[0017] Furthermore, the side of the first hole away from the main body includes a ring-shaped limiting step for limiting the disengagement of the clamping mechanism, and the side of the first hole facing the main body includes a limiting screw arranged along the radial direction for limiting the installation depth of the tool.

[0018] By means of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0019] The automatic tool changing spindle of the utility model can realize stable clamping of the tool by tightening radially together through multiple groups of clamping blocks in the clamping mechanism, and then after air pressure is input from the outside at the air inlet, the clamping block is separated from the body and loosened, thereby realizing the separation of the tool from the clamping block. The structure is simple and stable, and compared with traditional manual replacement, it can realize efficient pneumatic replacement of tools, avoids the potential danger of manual tool replacement, and can also significantly improve the replacement efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 It is an isometric schematic diagram of an automatic tool changing spindle provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a clamping mechanism of an automatic tool changing spindle provided in an embodiment of this specification;

[0023] In the figure: 100, tool; 1, body; 11, first hole; 111, sleeve portion; 12, second hole; 13, third hole; 2, clamping mechanism; 21, clamping block; 3, air inlet; 4, dust cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0025] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "middle", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "back" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following describes the implementation method of the present utility model based on its overall structure.

[0026] See also Figure 1-2 , is an automatic tool changing spindle of this embodiment, used for clamping a tool 100, and includes:

[0027] A body 1, the body 1 extends in the axial direction, and has a first hole 11 and a second hole 12 on both sides of the body 1 in the axial direction;

[0028] The clamping mechanism 2 is inserted into the first hole 11. The side of the clamping mechanism 2 close to the body 1 has a smaller diameter, and the side of the clamping mechanism 2 away from the body 1 has a larger diameter matching the inner diameter of the first hole 11. The clamping mechanism 2 is composed of multiple clamping blocks 21 equally divided along the radial direction at equal angles. The inner sides of the multiple clamping blocks 21 match the outer contour of the tool 100, so that when the clamping mechanism 2 is retracted, the tool 100 is clamped by the multiple clamping blocks 21.

[0029] When using this embodiment, the staff only needs to set the air inlet 3 on the body 1 onto the external air inlet valve, so that the clamping mechanism 2 at the first hole 11 inside the body 1 can receive the driving force from the air pressure, so that the multi-petal clamping block 21 in the clamping mechanism 2 is pushed out to the outside of the first hole 11 by the air pressure input into the body 1. At this time, due to the conical structure of the clamping mechanism 2, the outer contour of the clamping block 21 fits the inner wall of the first hole 11 under the action of air pressure, and the pushed-out clamping block 21 can be automatically separated, so that the tool 100 originally clamped by the clamping mechanism 2 can easily fall off the clamping mechanism 2 and separate from the body 1. Then, the staff can align the clamping mechanism 2 with another new tool 100 to be replaced, so that the tool 100 is inserted into the interior of the clamping mechanism 2 in a relaxed state, and stop supplying air pressure to the air inlet 3. The gas is discharged from the air inlet 3 and other places, and the clamping mechanism 2 retracts into the first hole 11. Therefore, the tool 100 to be replaced can be clamped circumferentially again by the multi-petal clamping block 21 in the clamping mechanism 2, and the entire tool 100 replacement process is completed.

[0030] In the above process, the staff only needs to control the air supply or exhaust of the air inlet 3 to achieve the tightening or loosening of the clamping mechanism 2. With the help of the clamping mechanism 2 with inconsistent radii at both ends and tapered extension, the clamping block 21 can be pushed in and out of the first hole 11 and extended and retracted under the push of the air pressure input from the air inlet 3. In other words, the clamping mechanism 2 fixes the tool 100 indirectly through the air pressure system, rather than directly fixing it by hand through traditional mechanical structures such as fasteners or elastic parts. Therefore, the operation in this embodiment can avoid the potential danger of manually replacing the tool, and can also significantly improve the replacement efficiency of the tool 100.

[0031] Specifically, the first end of the clamping mechanism 2 refers to a side close to the body 1 , and the second end of the clamping mechanism 2 refers to a side away from the body 1 .

[0032] For further information, see Figure 1In this embodiment, the main body 1 is configured as an axially extending cylindrical sleeve-shaped shell, and both ends of the sleeve are covered with multi-level annular cover plates, and a through hole is provided at the position where the cover plate intersects the axial direction, wherein the through hole on the side of the main body 1 close to the external part to be processed is a first hole 11, and the first hole 11 is used to dock with the clamping mechanism 2 and realize the clamping of the tool 100, and the side of the main body 1 close to the shaft electric drive device is a second hole 12, and the second hole 12 is used to dock with the external electric drive device so that the electric drive device drives the clamping mechanism 2 to drive the rotation of the tool 100, and the external electric drive device can be fixedly connected to the main body 1 and control the movement of the main body 1, so as to realize flexible operations such as grinding of the external part to be processed by the tool 100. In this embodiment, in the clamping state, the clamping mechanism 2 is pulled by the elastic mechanism on one side of the main body 1 so that the clamping mechanism 2 is pulled and retracted into the main body 1. At this time, the gap between the multiple clamping blocks 21 is minimized or the multiple clamping blocks 21 can be tightly fitted, and the tool 100 clamped between the multiple clamping blocks 21 is tightly clamped and stabilized. In the relaxed state, the air inlet 3 inputs air pressure through the external air valve, so that the clamping mechanism 2 can be partially pushed out to the outside of the first hole 11 by the air pressure input into the body 1. At this time, due to the geometric structure of the clamping mechanism 2 with inconsistent radii at both ends and tapered extension, when it is pushed to the outside of the first hole 11, the outer walls of the multiple clamping blocks 21 in the clamping mechanism 2 extend out and cling to the inner wall of the first hole 11 under the action of air pressure. Since the aperture of the first hole 11 is larger than the diameter of the narrowest part of the clamping mechanism 2, the multiple clamping blocks 21 can be separated axially to disengage the tool 100 clamped by the clamping block 21. At this time, the staff can insert the new tool 100 to be replaced into the clamping mechanism 2 in the expanded state. The whole structure is simple and clear, and the method of driving the clamping mechanism 2 by air pressure is efficient and fast, and has strong controllability.

[0033] For further information, please refer to Figure 2 The clamping mechanism 2 is composed of a three-petal clamping block 21 with a radial angle of 60°. Specifically, when the three-petal clamping block 21 is in a closed state, the head parts of the multiple clamping blocks 2 together form a hexagonal nut shape, which makes the clamping mechanism 2 easier to adjust from the outside. The areas outside the heads of the multiple clamping blocks 2 are set as conical walls with smooth outer wall surfaces, and the conical wall surface can match and fit with the inner wall of the first hole 11, so that when the clamping block 21 is extended or retracted under the action of air pressure, the inner wall of the first hole 11 reduces the friction on the clamping block 21, and the entry and exit of the clamping block 21 is also smoother.

[0034] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, the third hole 13 is also included. The third hole 13 is radially arranged on one side of the body 1. A rod spanner extending radially is inserted into the third hole 13. The installation method of this embodiment is that the rod spanner is inserted and fixed in the third hole 13, so that the staff can bend the rod spanner to control the rotation of the body 1 around the axial direction. The outer wall of the second hole 12 has a thread, and the electric drive device connected to one side of the second hole 12 also has a matching thread. In addition, the second hole 12 of the body 1 can be easily screwed into the electric drive device, which can achieve quick disassembly and quick installation.

[0035] Furthermore, the overhang of the tool 100 extending axially out of the first hole is 13 mm. By controlling the overhang of the tool 100, the utility model can achieve a higher concentricity while maintaining the rotation speed, thereby avoiding machining errors or mechanical wear problems caused by excessive concentricity deviation.

[0036] Furthermore, the air inlet 3 also includes a three-way valve, and the air inlet of the three-way valve can input air with a pressure of 0-0.6MPa. Specifically, under the limit of 0.6MPa air pressure, the clamping mechanism 2 can achieve the maximum extension state; at 0 air pressure, the clamping mechanism 2 can be fully retracted and the tool 100 can be firmly gripped and fixed.

[0037] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the first hole 11 includes a sleeve portion 111 axially protruding outward from the body 1. In this embodiment, the inner wall of the sleeve portion 111 matches the outer wall of the movable clamping mechanism 2, and the sleeve portion 111 with a certain length extending through the first hole 11 can increase the friction contact surface between the clamping block 21 in the clamping mechanism 2 and the body 1, so that the entry and exit trajectory of the clamping block 21 is more stable.

[0038] Furthermore, the side of the sleeve portion 111 away from the body includes a dust cover 4, which covers the gap between the sleeve portion 11 and the body 1. Since there is a certain installation gap between the sleeve portion 11 and the main part of the body 1, a certain amount of cutting waste may inevitably enter the gap between the sleeve portion 11 and the main part of the body 1 during the use of the utility model, thereby causing the entire device to wear during use, affecting the mechanical life. The dust cover 4 is provided to effectively avoid the above situation.

[0039] Furthermore, the side of the first hole 11 away from the main body 1 includes a limiting step (not shown) arranged in an annular manner for the limiting clamping mechanism to disengage, and the side of the first hole 11 facing the main body 1 includes a limiting screw arranged in a radial direction for limiting the tool installation depth. The main function of the limiting step and the limiting screw is to prevent the clamping mechanism 2 from being separated from the main body or being excessively sunk into the main body 1 by limiting the maximum forward and backward travel of the clamping mechanism 2 in the axial direction.

[0040] The present invention uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic tool changing spindle for clamping a tool; characterized in that: include: A body, the body extending in an axial direction, and having a first hole and a second hole on both sides of the body in the axial direction respectively; A clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is inserted into the first hole, the clamping mechanism has a first end close to the body and a second end away from the body, the diameter of the first end of the clamping mechanism is smaller than the diameter of the second end, and the diameter of the second end of the clamping mechanism matches the inner diameter of the first hole; the clamping mechanism is composed of a plurality of clamping blocks equally divided along radial angles, the inner sides of the plurality of clamping blocks match the outer contour of the tool, so that when the clamping mechanism is retracted, the tool is clamped by the plurality of clamping blocks; An air inlet is arranged on one side of the main body along the radial direction, and a smooth air passage is formed inside the main body from the air inlet to the clamping mechanism.

2. The automatic tool changing spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism is composed of three clamping blocks with a radial angle of 60°.

3. The automatic tool changing spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third hole, which is arranged on one side of the body along the radial direction, and a rod-shaped wrench extending along the radial direction is passed through the third hole.

4. The automatic tool changing spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overhang amount of the tool extending out of the first hole along the axial direction is 13 mm.

5. The automatic tool changing spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet also includes a three-way valve, and the air inlet of the three-way valve can input air with a pressure of 0-0.6MPa.

6. The automatic tool changing spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hole includes a sleeve portion protruding outwardly from the body along the axial direction.

7. The automatic tool changing spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side of the sleeve part away from the body includes a dust cover, and the dust cover covers the gap between the sleeve part and the body.

8. The automatic tool changing spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the first hole away from the main body includes a limiting step arranged in an annular manner to limit the disengagement of the clamping mechanism, and the side of the first hole facing the main body includes a limiting screw arranged along the radial direction to limit the installation depth of the tool.

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