Silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric cell lugs and asymmetric cathode plate

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of precious metal metallurgy, and discloses a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric cell lugs and an asymmetric cathode plate, the silver electrolytic cell comprises an electrolytic cell body, one side of the top end of the electrolytic cell body is connected with an anode cell lug, and one side of the electrolytic cell body corresponding to the anode cell lug is provided with a cathode cell lug. The cathode groove lug is lower than the anode groove lug, an anode copper bar and a cathode copper bar are arranged on the upper surface of the anode groove lug and the upper surface of the cathode groove lug respectively, and an insulating heat insulation material layer is further arranged between the cathode copper bar and the cathode groove lug. The utility model aims to solve the problem of cell burning easily caused by high temperature of the cathode copper bar by adopting a method which is lower in investment cost and simpler and more convenient, and block heat transfer between the cathode copper bar and the cathode cell lug by combining the silver electrolytic cell with the asymmetric cell lug structure with the application of a novel insulating material, so that the service life of the cell is prolonged. And the burning loss condition of the cathode groove lug caused by high temperature of the cathode is avoided, and the practicability is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of precious metal metallurgy, in particular to a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric cell ears and an asymmetric cathode plate. Background Art

[0002] In the field of silver purification and processing, electrolytic refining is one of the most widely used methods, and high current density electrolysis is its main technical development direction. The high current density electrolysis process uses silver alloy plates as anodes, stainless steel sheets as cathodes, nitric acid and silver nitrate aqueous solutions as electrolytes, and direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell for electrolysis. After electrolysis of the anode plate, silver powder with a content of more than 99.99% (ω(Ag)) is obtained. After being cast into ingots, the product quality meets the national standard for 1# silver.

[0003] Although high current density electrolysis has many advantages such as short electrolysis cycle, large production capacity, and short metal turnover period, the heat generation and accumulation speed during the electrolysis process is also fast due to the influence of high current intensity. Under current technical conditions, silver electrolytic cells are generally made of PPR or reinforced PPR, PPH, polytetrafluoroethylene and other materials, with limited heat resistance. Under high current density conditions, the temperature of the cathode copper bar and its contacts is often above 200°C. If extreme conditions such as short circuit occur, the temperature of the cathode copper bar can often reach 300-400°C or even higher. Plastic electrolytic cells are difficult to withstand such high temperatures.

[0004] In the silver electrolytic refining process, the cathode plate is usually made of stainless steel or titanium. Due to the influence of conductivity, the cathode often generates severe heat. In addition, since the cathode plate and the cathode copper busbar need to be fixedly connected using silver or copper anchors, the contact points between the cathode plate and the cathode copper busbar cannot be frequently polished or cleaned. In the long-term production process, they are often affected by factors such as loose contact points and long-term adhesion of crystals, which easily lead to an increase in the voltage drop of the relevant contacts. Especially under high current density conditions, due to the high current intensity, the heat generation and accumulation speed is fast. If the cathode plate is loose or crystals are attached, the large amount of Joule heat generated by the cathode copper busbar and its contacts during the electrolysis process will be quickly transferred to the slot ears, resulting in severe thermal oxidation and ablation of the slot ears, and the service life of the electrolytic cell is greatly shortened. On the anode copper busbar side, due to frequent production and maintenance operations such as daily tank loading, unloading, polishing, and cleaning, it is difficult for crystals to adhere for a long time, and the contact is good, so less heat is generated. In actual production, the anode copper busbar temperature is almost never too high.

[0005] At present, there are three common practices in the industry to solve the problem of high temperature of cathode copper busbar: 1. Reduce the electrolysis current density (i.e. reduce the current intensity) to minimize the generation of Joule heat during the electrolysis process, but this practice will lead to a significant drop in production efficiency and a significant drop in production capacity per unit time; 2. Improve the conductivity of the cathode copper busbar and contacts, increase the size of the copper busbar and its related contacts, but under high current density conditions, the contact area will inevitably be affected by crystals, and the electric contact temperature will still rise rapidly, which will cause heat to be transferred to the cathode copper busbar; 3. Transform the copper busbar and force water cooling on the copper busbar. Although this method has good results, it has a large investment cost and requires the addition of cooling towers, water pumps and other equipment, and the production and maintenance are cumbersome.

[0006] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the original electrolytic cell has a symmetrical cell ear structure (i.e., the anode and cathode cell ears are at the same horizontal position), and the cathode / anode copper busbars are isolated from the cell ears by insulating bakelite. Under high current density conditions, the Joule heat generated by the cathode copper busbar and its related contacts during the electrolysis process will still be transferred to the cathode cell ears in large quantities. Under long-term high temperature, the cathode cell ears are severely oxidized and ablated, the electrolytic cell has a short life, and maintenance operations are frequent. After the equipment is damaged, the replacement cost is high and the maintenance and installation cycle is long. After a short circuit occurs, there may even be high-temperature fires and cell burning, which seriously endangers production safety.

[0007] Therefore, based on the above problems, a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric cell ears and an asymmetric cathode plate are proposed. Utility Model Content

[0008] The utility model aims to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and proposes a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears and an asymmetric cathode plate.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears, comprising an electrolytic cell body, an anode slot ear connected to one side of the top of the electrolytic cell body, a cathode slot ear arranged on the side of the electrolytic cell body corresponding to the anode slot ear, the height of the cathode slot ear is lower than that of the anode slot ear, an anode copper bar and a cathode copper bar are arranged on the upper surfaces of the anode slot ear and the cathode slot ear, respectively, and an insulating heat-insulating material layer is also arranged between the cathode copper bar and the cathode slot ear;

[0010] A cathode plate and an anode plate are arranged inside the electrolytic cell body, wherein the cathode plate is an asymmetric cathode plate and the cathode plate and the anode plate are staggeredly arranged inside the electrolytic cell body. A liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are arranged on the surface of the electrolytic cell body, and a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell body.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The lower surfaces of the cathode copper bar and the anode copper bar are both provided with insulating pads, and the insulating pads are made of insulating bakelite.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The height difference between the cathode cell ear and the anode cell ear is 3-8 cm.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The insulating and heat-insulating material layer is a multi-layer composite silicate mineral plate-like material.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] A triangular reinforcing rib plate is arranged between the cathode cell ear and the electrolytic cell body.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] Holes are opened on the cathode copper bar, the insulating pad, the insulating heat-insulating material layer, and the surface of the cathode slot ear, and bolts are used to fix them so as to connect them into a whole.

[0021] An asymmetric cathode plate is arranged in a T shape, the bottom of one side of the T-shaped end of the cathode plate is lower than the bottom of the other side, and the higher side is conductive.

[0022] The bottom of one side of the T-shaped end of the cathode plate is 3-8 cm lower than the bottom of the other side.

[0023] The cathode plate is entirely made of silver material.

[0024] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The utility model aims to solve the problem of cathode copper bar burning caused by high temperature by adopting a simpler method with lower investment cost. Through the silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ear structure and the use of new insulating and heat-insulating materials, the heat transfer between the cathode copper bar and the cathode slot ear is blocked, and the occurrence of cathode slot ear burning caused by high cathode temperature is avoided. The utility model has strong practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the use of a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears and an asymmetric cathode plate proposed by the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a basic structural diagram of a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears and an asymmetric cathode plate proposed by the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3A top view of a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears and an asymmetric cathode plate proposed by the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a silver electrolytic cell with an asymmetric slot ear and a cathode plate in an asymmetric cathode plate proposed by the utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears and an anode plate in an asymmetric cathode plate proposed by the utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is the overall structure diagram of the silver electrolytic cell equipment with original symmetrical cell ears.

[0032] Legend:

[0033] 1. Electrolytic cell body; 2. Cathode cell ear; 3. Triangular reinforcing rib plate; 4. Anode cell ear; 5. Liquid inlet; 7. Liquid outlet; 6. Discharge valve; 8. Anode copper busbar; 9. Cathode copper busbar; 10. Insulating pad; 11. Insulating and heat-insulating material layer; 12. Cathode plate end support point; 13. Anode plate end support point; 14. Anode plate; 141. Anode plate body; 142. Anode conductive copper strip; 143. Anode conductive silver hook; 15. Cathode plate; 151. Cathode plate body; 152. Cathode contact. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3The utility model provides an embodiment: a silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears, comprising an electrolytic cell body 1, an anode slot ear 4 is connected to one side of the top of the electrolytic cell body 1, a cathode slot ear 2 is arranged on the side of the electrolytic cell body 1 corresponding to the anode slot ear 4, the height of the cathode slot ear 2 is lower than the height of the anode slot ear 4, the height difference between the cathode slot ear 2 and the anode slot ear 4 is 3-8cm, the upper surfaces of the anode slot ear 4 and the cathode slot ear 2 are respectively provided with an anode copper bar 8 and a cathode copper bar 9, an insulating heat insulation material layer 11 is also arranged between the cathode copper bar 9 and the cathode slot ear 2, and the lower surfaces of the cathode copper bar 9 and the anode copper bar 8 are both provided with There is an insulating pad 10, which is made of insulating bakelite. The insulating and heat-insulating material layer 11 is a multi-layer composite silicate mineral plate material, which is used to isolate the cathode slot ear 2 and the cathode copper bar 9 to block heat transfer and avoid burning of the cathode slot ear 2 due to high cathode temperature. A triangular reinforcing rib plate 3 is arranged between the cathode slot ear 2 and the electrolytic cell body 1 to enhance the stability of the cathode slot ear 2 and avoid deformation. Holes are opened on the surfaces of the cathode copper bar 9, the insulating pad 10, the insulating and heat-insulating material layer 11, and the cathode slot ear 2, and are fixed with bolts to connect them as a whole, which is convenient for assembly and replacement.

[0037] refer to Figure 3-Figure 5 A cathode plate 15 and an anode plate 14 are arranged inside the electrolytic cell body 1, wherein the cathode plate 15 is an asymmetric cathode plate, and the cathode plate 15 comprises a cathode plate body 151 made of stainless steel, one end of the cathode plate body 151 is connected to a cathode contact 152 through an anchor, and the anode plate 14 comprises an anode conductive copper strip 142, and an anode conductive silver hook 143 is arranged on the surface of the anode conductive copper strip 142, and the anode conductive silver hook 143 is hung on the anode plate body 141, and one side of the anode copper bar 8 is connected to a cathode plate end support point 12 for supporting one end of the cathode plate 15, and one side of the cathode copper bar 9 is connected to an anode plate end support point 13 for supporting one end of the anode plate 14, and the cathode plate 15 and the anode plate 14 are staggeredly arranged inside the electrolytic cell body 1, and a liquid inlet 5 and a liquid outlet 7 are arranged on the surface of the electrolytic cell body 1 to facilitate the introduction and export of the electrolyte, and a discharge valve 6 is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell body 1 to facilitate the discharge of the silver powder obtained by electrolysis.

[0038] Embodiment 2:

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, an asymmetric cathode plate, the cathode plate 15 is T-shaped, the bottom of one side of the T-shaped end of the cathode plate 15 is lower than the bottom of the other side, and the higher side is conductive, the bottom of one side of the T-shaped end of the cathode plate 15 is 3-8 cm lower than the bottom of the other side, so as to match the asymmetric slot ear, the cathode plate 15 is made of silver material as a whole, which will cause the cathode plate to continuously deposit. If an iron plate is used, the anode plate is continuously electrolyzed, and finally the granular material on the cathode plate will fall into the bottom of the slot and be collected after being scraped off with a scraper.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the left side of the cathode plate is energized with the left side of the slot, and the right side of the cathode plate is suspended with the right side of the slot, but is not energized; similarly, the energization direction of the anode plate is opposite to that of the cathode plate. This is common knowledge in the field.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric cell ears, comprising a cell body (1), wherein one side of the top of the cell body (1) is connected to an anode cell ear (4), characterized in that: A cathode lug (2) is provided on one side of the electrolytic cell body (1) corresponding to the anode lug (4); the height of the cathode lug (2) is lower than the height of the anode lug (4); an anode copper bar (8) and a cathode copper bar (9) are provided on the upper surfaces of the anode lug (4) and the cathode lug (2), respectively; and an insulating heat-insulating material layer (11) is provided between the cathode copper bar (9) and the cathode lug (2); The electrolytic cell body (1) is provided with a cathode plate (15) and an anode plate (14) inside, wherein the cathode plate (15) is an asymmetric cathode plate, and the cathode plate (15) and the anode plate (14) are arranged in a staggered manner inside the electrolytic cell body (1), and a liquid inlet (5) and a liquid outlet (7) are provided on the surface of the electrolytic cell body (1), and a discharge valve (6) is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell body (1).

2. The silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surfaces of the cathode copper bar (9) and the anode copper bar (8) are both provided with insulating pads (10), and the insulating pads (10) are made of insulating bakelite.

3. The silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height difference between the cathode slot ear (2) and the anode slot ear (4) is 3-8 cm.

4. The silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating and heat-insulating material layer (11) is a multi-layer composite silicate mineral plate-like material.

5. The silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears according to claim 1, characterized in that: A triangular reinforcing rib plate (3) is provided between the cathode slot ear (2) and the electrolytic cell body (1).

6. The silver electrolytic cell with asymmetric slot ears according to claim 1, characterized in that: Holes are opened on the surfaces of the cathode copper bar (9), the insulating pad (10), the insulating and heat-insulating material layer (11), and the cathode slot ear (2), and they are fixed with bolts to form a whole.

7. An asymmetric cathode plate, a silver electrolytic cell with an asymmetric slot lug according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The cathode plate (15) is arranged in a T-shape, the bottom of one side of the T-shaped end of the cathode plate (15) is lower than the bottom of the other side, and the higher side is conductive.

8. An asymmetric cathode plate as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of one side of the T-shaped end of the cathode plate (15) is 3-8 cm lower than the bottom of the other side.

9. The asymmetric cathode plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cathode plate (15) is entirely made of silver material.

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