Spark plug for hydrogen internal combustion engine, hydrogen internal combustion engine, and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spark plug of a hydrogen internal combustion engine, the hydrogen internal combustion engine and a vehicle, and the spark plug is cylindrical integrally and comprises a central electrode, a ceramic body and a side electrode. The center electrode is cylindrical and located at the position where the axis of the spark plug is located, the ceramic body wraps the periphery of the center electrode in the radial direction of the center electrode, and the side electrode wraps the periphery of the ceramic body in the radial direction of the ceramic body. In addition, the tail end of the center electrode protrudes out of the tail end face of the side electrode, and the space between the center electrode and the side electrode is filled with the ceramic body. As the space between the central electrode and the side electrode is filled with the ceramic body, the ignition end of the spark plug does not have a spark plug bag area, a hook-like protruding structure of the side electrode of a traditional spark plug is omitted, the preignition phenomenon of a hydrogen internal combustion engine is reduced, and the spark plug is more suitable for being applied to the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field related to hydrogen internal combustion engines, in particular to a spark plug of a hydrogen internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0002] As national emission regulations continue to tighten, traditional internal combustion engines (gasoline engines, diesel engines, etc.) are under increasing pressure to reduce fuel consumption and emissions. Hydrogen is a clean fuel recognized worldwide. Hydrogen internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells are important technical routes for the application of hydrogen energy in automobiles. Among them, hydrogen internal combustion engines have become the preferred way to utilize hydrogen energy in the future due to their low cost, long durability, and the ability to be produced on the same line as current traditional internal combustion engines. However, due to the inherent characteristics of hydrogen such as low ignition energy and short quenching distance, hydrogen has low ignition energy and is easier to ignite. One of the main technical challenges of hydrogen internal combustion engines is that they are more prone to abnormal combustion than traditional internal combustion engines. In order to meet the use of hydrogen internal combustion engines and solve the problem of abnormal combustion of hydrogen internal combustion engines, it is necessary to design a new hydrogen-specific spark plug with a deep cooling type.

[0003] Figure 1 The present invention has a common existing spark plug structure, including a side electrode 1, a ceramic body 2 and a center electrode 3, wherein the ignition end of the center electrode 3 is tapered, the ignition end of the ceramic body 2 is also tapered, there is an internal volume 4 of the spark plug bag area between the ceramic body 2 and the side electrode 1, high-temperature gas will be retained in the internal volume 4 of the spark plug bag area, and an ignition hook 5 is provided on the side of the side electrode 1. When this conventional spark plug is used in a hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, abnormal combustion and hydrogen pre-ignition are prone to occur.

[0004] Furthermore, in the disclosed prior art, for example, a Chinese patent with application number CN202111319002.3 discloses a spark plug and a vehicle hydrogen engine deicing control method. The spark plug also uses a traditional spark plug, the side electrode is bent, and there is a spark plug pocket area between the side electrode and the center electrode, which is also prone to abnormal combustion and hydrogen pre-ignition.

[0005] Therefore, high-temperature gas will be retained inside the spark plug pocket volume of the spark plug of the hydrogen internal combustion engine in the prior art, which is prone to abnormal combustion and hydrogen pre-ignition. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to solve the problem that high temperature gas is retained inside the spark plug pocket area of ​​the spark plug of the hydrogen internal combustion engine in the prior art, which easily causes abnormal combustion and hydrogen premature combustion.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine. The spark plug is cylindrical as a whole and includes a center electrode, a ceramic body and a side electrode.

[0008] The center electrode is columnar and located at the position of the axis of the spark plug. The ceramic body is wrapped around the outer periphery of the center electrode along the radial direction of the center electrode, and the side electrode is wrapped around the outer periphery of the ceramic body along the radial direction of the ceramic body. In addition, the end of the center electrode protrudes from the end end surface of the side electrode, and the ceramic body fills the space between the center electrode and the side electrode.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the utility model discloses a brand-new spark plug structure. Because the ceramic body fills the space between the center electrode and the side electrode, there is no spark plug pocket area at the ignition end of the spark plug, so there is no high-temperature gas retention environment at the ignition end, so it is easier to ignite and no abnormal combustion occurs. Furthermore, because hydrogen fuel has a lower ignition point than traditional oil-gas mixtures, the utility model also eliminates the hook-like protruding structure of the side electrode of the traditional spark plug, improves the cooling performance of the spark plug and reduces the generation of hot spots on the spark plug, while reducing the pre-ignition phenomenon of hydrogen internal combustion engines, and is more suitable for the application of hydrogen internal combustion engines.

[0010] The embodiment of the utility model further discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the ceramic body is flush with the end surfaces of the side electrodes, and the end of the center electrode protrudes from the end surfaces of the ceramic body and the side electrodes.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the end of the center electrode protrudes from the end surfaces of the ceramic body and the side electrode, which makes it easier to ignite the center electrode and the side electrode.

[0012] Further preferably, the utility model discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the center electrode is cylindrical, and the length of the end of the center electrode protruding from the ceramic body and the end surface of the side electrode is in the range of 1 to 3 mm.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the central electrode is cylindrical and has a cold structure, and the end of the central electrode protrudes from the end surface of the ceramic body and the side electrode, which can better and more conveniently ignite the hydrogen fuel.

[0014] The embodiment of the utility model also discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the ceramic body is in a hollow cylindrical shape, and the inner wall of the ceramic body is interference fit with the outer wall of the center electrode. The ceramic body includes a first extension portion and a first reduced diameter portion, wherein the first reduced diameter portion is located on the side close to the end of the spark plug, the outer diameter of the first reduced diameter portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the first extension portion, and the end surface of the first reduced diameter portion forms a first annular ignition end face. Furthermore, the outer wall of the first reduced diameter portion extends obliquely from the first extension portion toward the first annular ignition end face.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the ceramic body has a reduced diameter portion near the ignition end, which can reduce the use of ceramic body materials and make the electric field between the electrodes more concentrated. Since the working principle of the spark plug is to generate a high-voltage electric field between the electrodes to break through the air gap to form a spark, the reduced diameter design can make the electric field lines denser, making it easier to generate sparks in a smaller gap and improve the ignition success rate. In addition, the reduced diameter design usually also reduces the distance between the electrodes, which helps to reduce the voltage required for ignition, making the ignition faster and more stable. This is especially important for the ignition of internal combustion engines under conditions such as high speed or low air pressure, and can ensure reliable ignition under various operating conditions.

[0016] The embodiment of the utility model also discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the side electrode is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the inner wall of the side electrode is interference fit with the outer wall of the ceramic body. The side electrode includes a second extension portion and a second reduced diameter portion, the second reduced diameter portion is located on the side close to the end of the spark plug, the outer diameter of the second reduced diameter portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the second extension portion, and the end of the second reduced diameter portion close to the ignition end is a second annular ignition end face, and the second annular ignition end face is flush with the first annular ignition end face. Furthermore, the outer wall of the second reduced diameter portion extends obliquely from the second extension portion toward the second annular ignition end face.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the second reduced diameter portion is arranged on the side electrode, which can make the electric field more concentrated, reduce the distance between electrodes, reduce the energy loss during ignition, improve the durability of the spark plug and extend its service life, making it more suitable for hydrogen internal combustion engines.

[0018] The embodiment of the utility model further discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the outer wall of the second extension portion is provided with a connecting thread, and the connecting thread is located at a side away from the second reduced diameter portion along the axial direction of the side electrode.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a connecting thread is provided for installing the spark plug on a hydrogen internal combustion engine for use.

[0020] The embodiment of the utility model further discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the first reduced diameter portion and the second reduced diameter portion are in a truncated cone shape.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the first reduced diameter portion and the second reduced diameter portion are arranged in a truncated cone shape, which can achieve a smooth transition of the electric field distribution between the electrodes, reduce the sudden change of the electric field at the reduced diameter, and thus improve the stability and reliability of ignition.

[0022] The cone-shaped reduced diameter can further optimize the ignition performance. By precisely controlling the cone's taper and height, the electric field strength and ignition gap can be adjusted to suit different engine types and ignition requirements, thereby achieving a more efficient and stable ignition effect.

[0023] The frustum shape has good structural strength and can withstand high thermal and mechanical stress. During the ignition process, the end of the ceramic body may be subject to certain impact and vibration. The frustum design can provide better support and stability, reducing the risk of damage to the ceramic body.

[0024] The truncated cone-shaped reduced diameter portion is relatively simple and easy to manufacture and process. In the production process, common mechanical processing or mold forming methods can be used to manufacture the truncated cone-shaped ceramic body end, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0025] The frustum shape can also better match the design of the electrode to form a tighter sealing structure, which helps reduce the possibility of gas leakage and improve the combustion efficiency and safety of the internal combustion engine.

[0026] The embodiment of the utility model further discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the central electrode and the side electrodes are both made of metal materials.

[0027] With the above technical solution, the metal material has good electrical conductivity and can quickly transfer current from the ignition system to the electrode of the spark plug. The metal material also has excellent high temperature resistance, ensuring the long-term and reliable operation of the spark plug. The spark plug electrode needs to withstand multiple forces such as gas pressure inside the combustion chamber, mechanical vibration and impact. The metal material has high mechanical strength and can resist the effects of these forces to maintain the integrity and stability of the electrode. The metal material has good plasticity and processability, and electrodes with specific shapes and sizes can be manufactured through various molding processes. This makes the design and manufacture of spark plug electrodes more flexible and can be customized according to different engine types and ignition requirements.

[0028] The embodiment of the utility model further discloses a hydrogen internal combustion engine, comprising any one of the above-mentioned spark plugs for the hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the spark plug is arranged on the body of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and the ignition end of the spark plug is located in the combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0029] An embodiment of the utility model further discloses a vehicle, comprising any one of the above-mentioned hydrogen internal combustion engines.

[0030] In summary, the utility model discloses a brand-new spark plug for hydrogen internal combustion engines, in which the ceramic body fills the space between the center electrode and the side electrode, and there is no spark plug pocket area at the ignition end of the spark plug, so there will be no high-temperature gas retention environment at the ignition end, so that it is easier to ignite and abnormal combustion will not occur. Furthermore, because hydrogen fuel has a lower ignition point than traditional oil-gas mixtures, the utility model also eliminates the hook-like protruding structure of the side electrode of the traditional spark plug, improves the cooling of the spark plug and reduces the generation of hot spots on the spark plug, while reducing the pre-ignition phenomenon of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and is more suitable for the application of hydrogen fuel engines or internal combustion engines. In addition, the ceramic body and the side electrode are both provided with a reduced diameter portion near the ignition end, so that the electric field is more concentrated, the distance between the electrodes is reduced, the energy loss during the ignition process is reduced, the durability of the spark plug is improved, and the service life is extended, which is more suitable for hydrogen internal combustion engines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The specific structure of a common spark plug in the prior art;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a spark plug of a hydrogen internal combustion engine provided by an embodiment of the utility model having a first reduced diameter portion and a second reduced diameter portion arranged in a truncated cone shape.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] Reference numerals of prior art drawings:

[0036] 1. Side electrode; 2. Ceramic body; 3. Center electrode; 4. Internal volume of spark plug pocket area; 5. Ignition hook;

[0037] Reference numerals of this application:

[0038] 100. Center electrode;

[0039] 200, ceramic body;

[0040] 210, first extension portion; 220, first reduced diameter portion; 230, first annular ignition end face;

[0041] 300, side electrode;

[0042] 310, second extension portion; 320, second reduced diameter portion; 330, second annular ignition end face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine is a new type of energy power equipment. Its working principle is different from that of the traditional fuel internal combustion engine, but the basic structure and working process are similar. In the cylinder of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, the mixed gas is compressed. When the piston moves upward, the mixed gas is compressed to the top of the cylinder. At this time, the igniter will ignite the mixed gas at the right time. After ignition, the mixed gas burns to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas. These gases push the piston downward to complete a working cycle. However, most of the existing hydrogen internal combustion engines use traditional spark plugs, but because hydrogen has lower ignition energy and faster combustion speed. This means that traditional spark plugs may need to be adjusted to adapt to the lower ignition energy requirements of hydrogen. At the same time, because hydrogen burns quickly, the spark plug needs to generate sparks faster to ensure stable ignition.

[0044] For example Figure 1 The structure of a common spark plug is shown, including a side electrode 1, a ceramic body 2 and a center electrode 3, wherein the ignition end of the center electrode 3 is conical, the ignition end of the ceramic body 2 is also conical, there is an internal volume 4 of the spark plug pocket area between the ceramic body 2 and the side electrode 1, high-temperature gas will be retained in the internal volume 4 of the spark plug pocket area, and an ignition hook 5 is provided on the side of the side electrode 1. When this conventional spark plug is used in a hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, abnormal combustion and hydrogen pre-ignition are prone to occur. Therefore, high-temperature gas will be retained inside the spark plug pocket area in the prior art, and abnormal combustion and hydrogen pre-ignition are prone to occur.

[0045] The embodiment of this embodiment discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, see Figure 2 The spark plug is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and includes a center electrode 100 , a ceramic body 200 and a side electrode 300 .

[0046] The center electrode 100 is columnar and located at the position where the axis of the spark plug is located, the ceramic body 200 is covered on the outer periphery of the center electrode 100 along the radial direction of the center electrode 100, and the side electrode 300 is covered on the outer periphery of the ceramic body 200 along the radial direction of the ceramic body 200. In addition, the end of the center electrode 100 protrudes from the end end surface of the side electrode 300, and the ceramic body 200 fills the space between the center electrode 100 and the side electrode 300.

[0047] Specifically, this embodiment discloses a new spark plug structure. Because the ceramic body 200 fills the space between the center electrode 100 and the side electrode 300, there is no spark plug pocket area at the ignition end of the spark plug, so there is no high-temperature gas retention environment at the ignition end, so it is easier to ignite and there will be no abnormal combustion. Furthermore, because hydrogen fuel has a lower ignition point than traditional oil-gas mixtures, the utility model also eliminates the hook-like protrusion structure of the side electrode 300 of the traditional spark plug, improves the cooling of the spark plug and reduces the generation of hot spots on the spark plug, while reducing the pre-ignition phenomenon of hydrogen internal combustion engines, and is more suitable for the application of hydrogen fuel engines or internal combustion engines.

[0048] The end of the center electrode 100 protrudes from the end surface of the side electrode 300, and the ceramic body 200 fills the space between the center electrode 100 and the side electrode 300. This arrangement also has the following effects:

[0049] The design that the end of the center electrode 100 protrudes from the side electrode 300 can reduce the ignition gap and make the electric field more concentrated. During ignition, a smaller gap means a lower ignition voltage requirement, thereby improving ignition efficiency. In addition, the reduced ignition gap also helps to generate sparks in a shorter time, making ignition faster. The ceramic body 200 fills the space between the center electrode 100 and the side electrode 300, making the electric field distribution more uniform. This helps to ensure that the spark is generated at the correct position and reduces the ignition failure or instability caused by uneven electric field distribution. The ceramic body 200 not only serves as an insulator, but also plays a role in fixing the relative position of the center electrode 100 and the side electrode 300. The design of filling the space can reduce the looseness and vibration between the electrodes, enhance the structural stability of the spark plug, and extend the service life. The ceramic body 200 tightly fills the space between the electrodes, improving the sealing performance of the spark plug. This helps to prevent gas leakage, especially in high-pressure and high-temperature working environments, ensuring the stability and safety of the spark plug. The design of the ceramic body 200 filling the electrode space makes the manufacturing process of the spark plug simpler and more efficient, which helps to reduce production costs and improve product consistency and reliability.

[0050] In summary, this design significantly improves the performance and service life of spark plugs by optimizing ignition efficiency, electric field distribution, structural stability, sealing performance, and manufacturing process.

[0051] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in actual production and design and use, the size of the end of the center electrode 100 protruding from the end face of the side electrode 300 may be set as required. For example, the protruding size may be in the range of 1 to 6 mm, such as 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, etc. This embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0052] Further preferably, in the spark plug for the hydrogen internal combustion engine disclosed in this embodiment, the ceramic body 200 is flush with the end surfaces of the side electrode 300 , and the end of the center electrode 100 protrudes from the end surfaces of the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300 .

[0053] With this structural design, the end of the center electrode 100 protrudes from the end surface of the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300, which makes it easier for the center electrode 100 and the side electrode 300 to ignite. The design that the end surface of the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300 are flush helps to ensure that the electric field is evenly distributed in the ignition gap. This evenly distributed electric field can more effectively break through the air gap to form a stable and strong spark, thereby improving the ignition success rate. The flush design reduces the gap between the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300 and enhances the overall sealing performance of the spark plug. This helps prevent gas leakage, especially in high-pressure and high-temperature working environments, and ensures the stability and safety of the spark plug. The flushness of the end surface of the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300 makes the manufacturing and installation process of the spark plug simpler. There is no need for excessive adjustment and calibration during the manufacturing process, which improves production efficiency. At the same time, during installation, the flush design allows the spark plug to cooperate more smoothly with the corresponding components of the engine, reducing the difficulty and time of installation. Since the potential stress concentration area is reduced, the design that the ceramic body 200 is flush with the end surface of the side electrode 300 helps to reduce the thermal stress and mechanical stress to which the spark plug is subjected during use, which helps to improve the durability of the spark plug and extend its service life.

[0054] Further preferably, the present embodiment also discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the center electrode 100 is cylindrical, and the length of the end of the center electrode 100 protruding from the end surfaces of the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300 is in the range of 1 to 3 mm.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the length of the end of the center electrode 100 protruding from the end surface of the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300 can be 1mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc. Those skilled in the art can design it according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0056] With this structural design, the center electrode 100 is cylindrical and has a cold-type structure, and the end of the center electrode 100 protrudes from the end surfaces of the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300, which can better and more conveniently ignite the hydrogen fuel. It should be noted that the cylindrical shape of the center electrode 100 allows the electrode to have stable support and positioning inside the spark plug, and is also easy to manufacture and install. The cylindrical shape also ensures uniform heat dissipation of the electrode during the ignition process, which helps to maintain a stable operating temperature of the electrode. The "cold type" here does not mean that the actual temperature of the electrode is lower, but that its heat dissipation performance is better than other types of electrodes (such as hot electrodes). The design of the cold-type structure is intended to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the electrode, prevent the electrode from overheating, and thus extend the service life of the electrode.

[0057] The implementation of this embodiment also discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the ceramic body 200 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the inner wall of the ceramic body 200 is interference fit with the outer wall of the center electrode 100. The ceramic body 200 includes a first extension portion 210 and a first reduced diameter portion 220, wherein the first reduced diameter portion 220 is located on the side close to the end of the spark plug, and the outer diameter of the first reduced diameter portion 220 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first extension portion 210, and the end surface of the first reduced diameter portion 220 forms a first annular ignition end surface 230. Furthermore, the outer wall of the first reduced diameter portion 220 extends obliquely from the first extension portion 210 toward the first annular ignition end surface 230. It should be noted that the first annular ignition end surface 230 refers to the annular end surface formed by the end surface of the outer wall of the first reduced diameter portion 220 surrounding the center electrode 100.

[0058] With this structural design, the ceramic body 200 has a reduced diameter portion near the ignition end, which can reduce the use of ceramic body 200 materials and make the electric field between the electrodes more concentrated. Since the working principle of the spark plug is to generate a high voltage electric field between the electrodes to break through the air gap to form a spark, the reduced diameter design can make the electric field lines more dense, so that it is easier to generate sparks in a smaller gap, thereby improving the ignition success rate. And the reduced diameter design usually also reduces the distance between the electrodes, which helps to reduce the voltage required for ignition, making ignition faster and more stable. This is particularly important for the ignition of internal combustion engines under conditions such as high speed or low pressure, and can ensure reliable ignition under various working conditions.

[0059] The implementation of this embodiment also discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the side electrode 300 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the inner wall of the side electrode 300 is interference fit with the outer wall of the ceramic body 200. The side electrode 300 includes a second extension portion 310 and a second diameter reduction portion 320, wherein the second diameter reduction portion 320 is located on the side close to the end of the spark plug, the outer diameter of the second diameter reduction portion 320 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second extension portion 310, and the end of the second diameter reduction portion 320 close to the ignition end is a second annular ignition end face 330, and the second annular ignition end face 330 is flush with the first annular ignition end face 230. Moreover, the outer wall of the second diameter reduction portion 320 extends obliquely from the second extension portion 310 toward the second annular ignition end face 330. It should be noted that the second annular ignition end face 330 refers to the annular end face formed by the end face of the outer wall of the second diameter reduction portion 320 surrounding the ceramic body 200.

[0060] With this structural design, the side electrode 300 is provided with the second reduced diameter portion 320, which also makes the electric field more concentrated, reduces the distance between electrodes, reduces the energy loss during ignition, improves the durability of the spark plug and extends its service life, making it more suitable for hydrogen internal combustion engines.

[0061] The implementation of this embodiment further discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine. The outer wall of the second extension portion 310 is provided with a connecting thread, and the connecting thread is located on a side away from the second reduced diameter portion 320 along the axial direction of the side electrode 300 .

[0062] By adopting the above technical solution, a connecting thread is provided for installing the spark plug on a hydrogen internal combustion engine for use. Those skilled in the art can also provide or design other structures for installation on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to requirements.

[0063] The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the first reduced diameter portion 220 and the second reduced diameter portion 320 are truncated cone-shaped. Figure 3 The first reduced diameter portion 220 and the second reduced diameter portion 320 are trapezoidal in cross-sectional view.

[0064] With this structural design, the first reduced diameter portion 220 and the second reduced diameter portion 320 are set in a truncated cone shape to achieve a smooth transition of the electric field distribution between the electrodes, reduce the sudden change of the electric field at the reduced diameter, and thus improve the stability and reliability of ignition. This shape can prevent the skirt from overheating due to continuous internal discharge, and the elimination of the bag volume also reduces the effects of residual hydrogen between the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300.

[0065] The cone-shaped reduced diameter can further optimize the ignition performance. By precisely controlling the cone's taper and height, the electric field strength and ignition gap can be adjusted to suit different engine types and ignition requirements, thereby achieving a more efficient and stable ignition effect.

[0066] The truncated cone shape has good structural strength and can withstand high thermal and mechanical stress. During the ignition process, the end of the ceramic body 200 may be subjected to certain impacts and vibrations. The truncated cone design can provide better support and stability, reducing the risk of damage to the ceramic body 200.

[0067] The truncated cone-shaped reduced diameter portion is relatively simple and easy to manufacture and process. In the production process, common mechanical processing or mold forming methods can be used to manufacture the truncated cone-shaped ceramic body 200 end to improve production efficiency and product quality.

[0068] The frustum shape can also better match the design of the electrode to form a tighter sealing structure, which helps reduce the possibility of gas leakage and improve the combustion efficiency and safety of the internal combustion engine.

[0069] The implementation of this embodiment also discloses a spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the center electrode 100 and the side electrode 300 are both made of metal material.

[0070] With the above technical solution, the metal material has good electrical conductivity and can quickly transfer current from the ignition system to the electrode of the spark plug. The metal material also has excellent high temperature resistance, ensuring the long-term and reliable operation of the spark plug. The spark plug electrode needs to withstand multiple forces such as gas pressure inside the combustion chamber, mechanical vibration and impact. The metal material has high mechanical strength and can resist the effects of these forces to maintain the integrity and stability of the electrode. The metal material has good plasticity and processability, and electrodes with specific shapes and sizes can be manufactured through various molding processes. This makes the design and manufacture of spark plug electrodes more flexible and can be customized according to different engine types and ignition requirements.

[0071] The implementation manner of this embodiment also discloses a hydrogen internal combustion engine, comprising a spark plug of any one of the above hydrogen internal combustion engines, wherein the spark plug is arranged on the body of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and the ignition end of the spark plug is located in the combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0072] The implementation manner of this embodiment also discloses a vehicle, comprising any one of the above-mentioned hydrogen internal combustion engines.

[0073] Specifically, the hydrogen internal combustion engine can be applied to various types of vehicles such as common sedans, SUVs, MPVs, trucks, etc., and this embodiment does not make any specific limitation to this.

[0074] In summary, the utility model discloses a new spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the ceramic body 200 fills the space between the center electrode 100 and the side electrode 300, and there is no spark plug pocket area at the ignition end of the spark plug, so there is no high-temperature gas retention environment at the ignition end, so it is easier to ignite and there will be no abnormal combustion. Furthermore, because the ignition point of hydrogen fuel is lower than that of the traditional oil-gas mixture, the utility model also cancels the hook-like protruding structure of the side electrode 300 of the traditional spark plug, improves the cooling of the spark plug and reduces the generation of hot spots on the spark plug, while reducing the pre-ignition phenomenon of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and is more suitable for the application of hydrogen fuel engines or internal combustion engines. In addition, the ceramic body 200 and the side electrode 300 are both provided with a reduced diameter portion near the ignition end, so that the electric field is more concentrated, the distance between the electrodes is reduced, the energy loss during the ignition process is reduced, the durability of the spark plug is improved, and the service life is extended, which is more suitable for hydrogen internal combustion engines.

[0075] It should be noted that, in addition to the implementation methods of the utility model described in the above-mentioned specific specific embodiments, those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and functions of the utility model from the contents disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the utility model will be introduced in conjunction with the preferred embodiment, this does not mean that the features of this utility model are limited to this implementation method. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the utility model in conjunction with the implementation method is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the utility model. In order to provide an in-depth understanding of the utility model, the above description contains many specific details, and the utility model can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or blurring the focus of the utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0076] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0077] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0078] The terms “first”, “second”, etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0079] In the description of this embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this embodiment can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0080] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art may make various changes in form and details, including making several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine, the spark plug being cylindrical in shape as a whole, comprising a center electrode, a ceramic body and a side electrode; characterized in that: The center electrode is columnar and located at the position where the axis of the spark plug is located, the ceramic body is coated on the outer periphery of the center electrode along the radial direction of the center electrode, and the side electrode is coated on the outer periphery of the ceramic body along the radial direction of the ceramic body; and The distal end of the central electrode protrudes from the distal end surface of the side electrode, and the ceramic body fills the space between the central electrode and the side electrode.

2. The spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic body is flush with the end surfaces of the side electrodes, and the end of the center electrode protrudes from the end surfaces of the ceramic body and the side electrodes.

3. The spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central electrode is cylindrical; and The length of the end of the central electrode protruding from the ceramic body and the end surface of the side electrode is in the range of 1 to 3 mm.

4. The spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ceramic body is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the inner wall of the ceramic body is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the center electrode; The ceramic body comprises a first extension portion and a first reduced diameter portion, wherein the first reduced diameter portion is located near the end of the spark plug, the outer diameter of the first reduced diameter portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the first extension portion, and the end surface of the first reduced diameter portion forms a first annular ignition end surface; and The outer wall portion of the first reduced diameter portion extends obliquely from the first extending portion toward the first annular ignition end surface.

5. The spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side electrode is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the inner wall of the side electrode is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the ceramic body; The side electrode comprises a second extension portion and a second reduced diameter portion, the second reduced diameter portion is located on a side close to the end of the spark plug, the outer diameter of the second reduced diameter portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the second extension portion, and the end of the second reduced diameter portion close to the ignition end is a second annular ignition end face, and the second annular ignition end face is flush with the first annular ignition end face; and The outer wall portion of the second reduced diameter portion extends obliquely from the second extending portion toward the second annular ignition end surface.

6. The spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall portion of the second extension portion is provided with a connecting thread, and the connecting thread is located at a side away from the second reduced diameter portion along the axial direction of the side electrode.

7. The spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first reduced diameter portion and the second reduced diameter portion are in a truncated cone shape.

8. The spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The central electrode and the side electrodes are both made of metal material.

9. A hydrogen internal combustion engine, characterized in that: A spark plug for a hydrogen internal combustion engine comprising any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the spark plug is arranged on a body of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and an ignition end of the spark plug is located in a combustion chamber of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the hydrogen internal combustion engine as described in claim 9.

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