Completely-modularly-assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding at multiple positions simultaneously

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of energy, in particular to a completely modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneously feeding at multiple positions, which comprises a modularized lower shell and an upper shell, a first biomass input device is arranged on the lower shell, a rotatable fire grate is integrally integrated in the lower shell, and a second biomass input device is arranged on the upper shell. The outlet end of an input pipeline of the first biomass input device is formed in the center of the top of the fire grate, so that the grate surface of the fire grate forms a core reaction area of the pyrolysis reactor, and the fire grate has a cooling function and a door opening and closing function. A second biomass input device is arranged on the upper shell, and the outlet end of an input pipeline of the second biomass input device extends into the core reaction area of the pyrolysis reactor. On the premise that accurate control is achieved, the technical problem that in the prior art, a lower feeding vertical pyrolysis reactor is single in fuel is solved, multiple fuels can be used immediately, and the operation stability is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of energy, in particular to a fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneously feeding materials from multiple locations. Background Art

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis refers to the thermochemical conversion technology method of heating biomass to 250-700°C in the absence of oxidants (air, oxygen, water vapor, etc.) or with limited oxygen, and decomposing biomass macromolecules (lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose) into smaller molecular fuel substances (solid charcoal, combustible gas, bio-oil) through thermochemical reactions. Analyzing it from the perspective of chemical reactions, biomass undergoes complex thermochemical reactions during pyrolysis, including molecular bond breaking, isomerization and small molecule polymerization. (Zhao Tinglin, Wang Peng, Deng Dajun, et al. Current status and prospects of biomass pyrolysis research [J]. New Energy Industry, 2007, 5: 54-60).

[0003] The products of biomass pyrolysis are combustible pyrolysis gas and solid biochar, both of which are products that can be used for energy applications. In addition to being used as a heating fuel, gas can also be further reformed as a raw material for power generation and synthesis of green liquid fuels; in addition to being used as a fuel, biochar also has a lot of added value, and is also used as a fuel for metal smelting, food and light industry, a reducing agent for electric furnace smelting, and a covering agent to protect metals from oxidation during metal refining. In the chemical industry, it is often used as a raw material for carbon disulfide and activated carbon. The market for biochar is now vast.

[0004] Chinese patent CN201210590914.9 discloses a vertical pyrolysis reactor, which includes a reactor shell, a feeding device, a biomass gas outlet at the top of the reactor, an ash discharge device at the bottom of the reactor, and a grate inside the reactor. The feeding device is located at the bottom of the reactor, and the discharge port of the feeding device is located at the bottom center of the reactor.

[0005] Application number CN201220748018.6, patent name: A precise control vertical pyrolysis reactor, including a reactor shell, a feeding device, a biomass gas outlet at the top of the reactor, an ash discharge device at the bottom of the reactor, and a grate inside the reactor; the feeding device is located at the bottom of the reactor, and the discharge port of the feeding device is located at the bottom center of the reactor. The method of feeding at the bottom center solves the problem of uniform distribution among the three bottlenecks that have long plagued biomass pyrolysis reactors; a slag breaking device is installed in the pyrolysis reactor to form an organic combination with the rotating grate, and the running speed of the grate can accurately adjust the discharge amount, and precise pyrolysis reaction control is achieved by controlling the feeding speed, discharge speed, material layer thickness, air intake, air intake distribution, reaction temperature, etc. The ash discharge of the pyrolysis reactor is more stable and continuous, and the production reliability is greatly improved; the position design of the feeding device and the use of the slag breaking device can effectively and continuously process biomass up to about 10 cm in size.

[0006] CN202011483354.8, patent name: A rotating furnace plate and pyrolysis reactor, comprising a plate body and at least one stirring piece, wherein the plate body is configured to be rotatably mounted, and a material stirring piece is provided on the material-diverting surface of the plate body; the material stirring piece is configured to be fixedly mounted, and the plate body can rotate freely relative to the material stirring piece. When the reactor of the present invention is in operation, the material-diverting piece and the material stirring piece act on the material and ash accumulation at the same time, making it difficult for bridging to form inside the reactor. The stirring piece of the present application has a flow channel, and a cooling medium passes through its interior. The heat exchange between the cooling medium and the material and gas inside the reactor can effectively reduce the temperature inside the reactor, thereby effectively controlling the degree of coking inside the reactor, and thereby effectively avoiding the formation of hardening.

[0007] This application is a deep improvement on the previous inventions (CN201220748018.6, CN202011483354.8) of the applicant team, and its purpose is to adapt to more commercial application scenarios. Under the premise of achieving precise control, it solves the technical problem that the vertical pyrolysis reactor with bottom feeding in the prior art can only use a single fuel, and realizes the immediate use of multiple fuels, and greatly improves the stability of operation. Utility Model Content

[0008] In order to solve the technical problem of single fuel in the vertical pyrolysis reactor with bottom feeding in the prior art, the present application proposes a fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor that can feed at multiple locations simultaneously, which solves the above technical problem.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0010] The utility model provides a fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneously feeding materials from multiple locations, comprising: a modular lower shell, on which a first biomass input device is arranged, and at the same time, a rotatable grate is integrated in the lower shell, and the outlet end of the input pipeline of the first biomass input device is formed at the top center of the grate, so that the grate surface forms the core reaction zone of the pyrolysis reactor; a modular upper shell, on which one or more second biomass input devices are arranged, and the outlet end of the input pipeline of the second biomass input device penetrates into the core reaction zone of the pyrolysis reactor.

[0011] Furthermore, the input pipes of the first biomass input device and the second biomass input device are both provided with screws for conveying biomass.

[0012] Furthermore, a heat insulation structure layer is arranged on a section of the input pipe of the second biomass input device in the lower shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the thermal insulation structure layer is coated with a heat preservation material, or the thermal insulation structure layer is a circulating water cooling layer.

[0014] Furthermore, a material distribution tower with a pointed roof and a bowl-shaped structure is arranged at the top center of the grate, and the material distribution tower blocks the outlet end of the input pipe of the first biomass input device and ensures that the biomass input from the second biomass input device eventually falls evenly onto the grate surface below, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0015] Furthermore, the outlet end of the input pipeline of the second biomass input device is provided with a valve which automatically closes under the action of gravity, so that instant input or instant stop can be achieved.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper shell is split.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of water-cooling pipes interconnected with each other are connected in the lower shell, and the water-cooling pipes are fixed in the lower shell. Meanwhile, the water-cooling pipes are arranged above the grate surface to move and stir the biomass on the grate.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a modular slag discharge seat that can be integrated with the lower shell. The slag discharge seat can be detachably configured at the bottom of the lower shell. At the same time, a circular slag discharge port is formed at the bottom of the grate surface and the inner wall of the lower shell. The waste slag after the reaction is completed enters the slag discharge seat through the slag discharge port.

[0019] Furthermore, the corresponding connections of the upper shell, the lower shell and the slag discharge seat are all ring-matched to achieve modular assembly that can be adjusted in any direction in the horizontal direction.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, the technical effects that can be achieved by the utility model are:

[0021] The fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneous feeding of the utility model has a first biomass input device disposed on the modular lower shell, and a second biomass input device disposed on the modular upper shell, so that at least two types of biomass can be input simultaneously, and the amount of input biomass and the capacity of the reactor can also be made larger, which is about 4-10 times the capacity of a single-feeding reactor. At the same time, the fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneous feeding of multiple places of the utility model can be manufactured in a modular manner, and can be pre-installed by professional technicians in the workshop of the reactor manufacturer, including electrical and monitoring systems, and comprehensive cold and hot state debugging, and then modularly transported to the site to avoid rough installation by non-professional construction personnel at the work site, shortening the on-site installation time by 90% while ensuring the installation quality. The modular installation also ensures that the angles of feeding, air intake, charcoal discharge, air outlet, etc. can be adjusted at any time. When each modular equipment is standardized, each installation angle can be adjusted like a combination of building blocks to suit the on-site needs of the customer, without changing the overall design of the pyrolyzer. In short, the modular design not only maximizes the commercialization level, but also realizes the precise control of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0022] The utility model is a fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneously feeding materials at multiple locations. The corresponding connections of the upper shell, the lower shell and the slag discharge seat of the pyrolysis reactor are all ring-matched to achieve modular assembly in any direction in the horizontal direction. The pyrolysis reactor, the direction of its main modular split equipment can be like building blocks, with any combination of feeding, air intake, slag discharge, gas outlet and other directions to meet various customer usage requirements without changing the overall design of the pyrolysis reactor itself. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A modular schematic diagram of a fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneously feeding materials from multiple locations according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the upper shell and the lower shell of the pyrolysis reactor of the utility model which is fully modularly assembled and capable of feeding materials at multiple locations simultaneously.

[0025] In the utility model: 1-lower shell, 11-first biomass input device, 12-grate, 13-distribution tower, 14-water cooling pipe; 2-upper shell, 21-second biomass input device, 22-valve; 3-slag discharge seat, 31-slag discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means a limitation on the utility model and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the utility model provides a fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneously feeding from multiple locations, comprising a modular lower shell 1 and an upper shell 2, wherein the lower shell 1 is provided with a first biomass input device 11, and a rotatable grate 12 is integrated into the lower shell 1, wherein the outlet end of the input pipe of the first biomass input device 11 is formed at the top center of the grate 12, so that the grate surface of the grate 12 forms the core reaction zone of the pyrolysis reactor, and the upper shell 2 is provided with a second biomass input device 21, and the outlet end of the input pipe of the second biomass input device 21 extends deep into the core reaction zone of the pyrolysis reactor.

[0028] The first biomass input device 11 can input dried sludge particles. Since the calorific value of dried sludge is sometimes unstable, when the calorific value is low, the pyrolysis reaction will be unstable. At this time, the control system of the pyrolysis reactor will determine that a fuel with a higher calorific value is needed. Therefore, the second biomass input device 21 can input dry sawdust with a higher calorific value. According to the calculation results of the control system, it can feed instantly and automatically, and control the feed amount and feed rate. Through the control system, stable and precise control of the biomass pyrolysis reactor can be achieved.

[0029] When the second biomass fuel does not need to be input, the input can be stopped immediately. When the input is stopped, the thermal insulation structure layer and the valve 22 can protect the pyrolysis reactor from affecting the second fuel still in the input device.

[0030] The second type of biomass fuel can be organic solid waste, such as PE and other plastic sheets, RDF, etc. Due to the small amount, it needs to be mixed with the first type of biomass fuel and then reacted.

[0031] The fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneous feeding of the utility model has a first biomass input device 11 disposed on the modular lower shell 1, and a second biomass input device 21 disposed on the modular upper shell 2, so that at least two types of biomass can be input simultaneously, and the amount of input biomass and the capacity of the reactor can also be made larger, which is about 4-10 times the capacity of a single-feeding reactor. At the same time, the fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneous feeding of multiple places of the utility model can be manufactured in a modular manner, and can be pre-installed by professional technicians in the workshop of the reactor manufacturer, including electrical and monitoring systems, and comprehensive cold and hot state debugging, and then modularly transported to the site to avoid rough installation by non-professional construction personnel at the work site, shortening the on-site installation time by 90% while ensuring the installation quality. The modular installation also ensures that the angles of feeding, air intake, charcoal discharge, air outlet, etc. can be adjusted at any time. When each modular equipment is standardized, each installation angle can be adjusted like a combination of building blocks to suit the on-site needs of the customer, without changing the overall design of the pyrolyzer. In short, the modular design not only maximizes the commercialization level, but also realizes the precise control of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0032] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the input pipes of the first biomass input device 11 and the second biomass input device 21 are both provided with screws for conveying biomass.

[0033] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a heat insulation structure layer is disposed on a section of the input pipe of the second biomass input device 21 inside the lower shell 1 .

[0034] Specifically, the thermal insulation structure layer is covered by a thermal insulation material, or the thermal insulation structure layer is a circulating water cooling layer.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, a material dividing tower 13 with a pointed top and a bowl-shaped structure is arranged at the top center of the grate 12, and the material dividing tower 13 blocks the outlet end of the input pipe of the first biomass input device 11 to prevent the biomass input from the second biomass input device 21 of the upper shell 2 from entering the input pipe of the first biomass input device 11 of the lower shell 1. It also ensures that the biomass input from the second biomass input device 21 eventually falls evenly onto the surface of the grate 12 below, ensuring the uniformity of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0036] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the outlet end of the input pipe of the second biomass input device 21 is provided with a valve 22 which automatically closes under the action of gravity. For example, the outlet end of the input pipe of the second biomass input device 21 is designed to protrude obliquely downward. When the input pipe no longer feeds material, the valve 22 will automatically be pressed against the outlet end which protrudes obliquely downward under the action of gravity.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the upper shell 2 can be an integral body, or the upper shell 2 can be configured as a split type, and the upper shell 2 can be divided into two or more sections for easy transportation and installation.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of water-cooling pipes 14 interconnected with each other are connected in the lower shell 1, and the water-cooling pipes 14 are fixed in the lower shell 1. At the same time, the water-cooling pipes 14 are arranged above the row surface of the grate 12 to stir and stir the biomass on the grate 12 to prevent the biomass from arching and compacting on the row surface.

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, it also includes a modular slag discharge seat 3 that can be integrated with the lower shell 1. The slag discharge seat 3 can be detachably configured at the bottom of the lower shell 1. At the same time, a circular slag discharge port 31 is formed at the bottom of the discharge surface of the grate 12 and the inner wall of the lower shell 1. The waste slag after the reaction is completed enters the slag discharge seat 3 through the slag discharge port 31.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding connections of the upper shell 2, the lower shell 1 and the slag discharge seat 3 are all ring-matched to achieve modular assembly that can be adjusted in any direction in the horizontal direction.

[0041] The utility model is a fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of simultaneously feeding materials from multiple locations. The corresponding connections of the upper shell 2, the lower shell 1 and the slag discharge seat 3 of the pyrolysis reactor are all ring-matched to achieve modular assembly in any direction in the horizontal direction. The pyrolysis reactor, the direction of its main modular split equipment can be like building blocks, with any combination of feeding, air intake, slag discharge, gas outlet and other directions to meet various customer usage requirements without changing the overall design of the pyrolysis reactor itself.

[0042] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Obvious changes or modifications derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully modularly assembled pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously, characterized in that: include: A modular lower shell (1), wherein a first biomass input device (11) is arranged on the lower shell (1), and a rotatable grate (12) is integrated in the lower shell (1), wherein the outlet end of the input pipe of the first biomass input device (11) is formed at the top center of the grate (12), so that the grate surface of the grate (12) forms the core reaction zone of the pyrolysis reactor; A modular upper shell (2) is provided with one or more second biomass input devices (21), and the outlet end of the input pipeline of the second biomass input device (21) extends deep into the core reaction zone of the pyrolysis reactor.

2. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input pipes of the first biomass input device (11) and the second biomass input device (21) are both provided with screws for conveying biomass.

3. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 1, characterized in that: An input pipe of the second biomass input device (21) is provided with a heat insulation structure layer on a section inside the lower shell (1).

4. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat-insulating structure layer is covered by a heat-insulating material, or the heat-insulating structure layer is a circulating water cooling layer.

5. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material distribution tower (13) having a pointed roof and a bowl-shaped structure is arranged at the top center of the grate (12), and the material distribution tower (13) blocks the outlet end of the input pipeline of the first biomass input device (11).

6. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the input pipeline of the second biomass input device (21) is provided with a valve (22) which automatically closes under the action of gravity.

7. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper shell (2) is of split type.

8. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water-cooling pipes (14) interconnected with each other are connected in the lower shell (1), and the water-cooling pipes (14) are fixed in the lower shell (1). At the same time, the water-cooling pipes (14) are arranged above the grate surface (12) to move and stir the biomass on the grate (12).

9. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a modular slag discharge seat (3) that can be integrated with the lower shell (1). The slag discharge seat (3) is detachably arranged at the bottom of the lower shell (1). At the same time, a round slag discharge port (31) is formed at the bottom of the discharge surface of the grate (12) and the inner wall of the lower shell (1). After the reaction is completed, the waste slag enters the slag discharge seat (3) through the slag discharge port (31).

10. The fully modularized pyrolysis reactor capable of feeding materials from multiple locations simultaneously according to claim 9, characterized in that: The corresponding connections between the upper shell (2), the lower shell (1) and the slag discharge seat (3) are all ring-matched, so as to realize modular assembly that can be adjusted in any direction in the horizontal direction.

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