Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module, and relates to the field of photovoltaic technology. The photovoltaic module provided by the utility model comprises a frame and a laminated part, the frame is provided with a mounting groove at least used for accommodating the edge of the laminated part, the mounting groove is internally provided with a filling structure, the filling structure is filled between the frame and the laminated part and limits the edge of the laminated part in the mounting groove, and the filling structure is waterproof. At least part of the surface, making contact with the filling structure, of the inner wall of the mounting groove and / or the laminated piece is arranged to be an uneven face. By arranging the uneven surface, the binding force between the filling structure and the inner wall of the mounting groove can be improved, and / or the binding force between the filling structure and the laminated part can be improved, so that the stability of the laminated part in the mounting groove is improved, the water blocking effect is improved, and the running stability of the photovoltaic module is ensured.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the priority of Chinese patent application No. 2023231049216, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on November 16, 2023, and entitled “A Photovoltaic Module”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0004] Photovoltaic modules are a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy by connecting a number of single cells in series and parallel, and then sealing them into a whole. Common photovoltaic modules are mostly flat-panel packaging structures.

[0005] However, TOPCon, HJT, perovskite and other products are more sensitive to water vapor due to the particularity of the battery. In the photovoltaic modules of the related technology, the edge of the laminate is inserted into the mounting groove of the frame, and the laminate is filled with material to fix the laminate and make the edge waterproof. However, in the related technology, the inner wall of the mounting groove and the surface of the laminate are smooth planes, resulting in poor bonding with the filling material, high water permeability, and easy loosening of the laminate during subsequent use, resulting in reduced reliability of the photovoltaic module and difficulty in meeting the use requirements of the product. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic module having lower water permeability and better reliability.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module, including a frame and a laminate, wherein a mounting groove at least suitable for accommodating an edge of the laminate is provided on the frame, a filling layer and a protective layer are provided in the mounting groove, the filling layer and the protective layer are covered and stacked and filled between the frame and the laminate, and the edge of the laminate is restricted in the mounting groove, and at least one of the filling layer and the protective layer is waterproof;

[0009] At least a portion of the surface in the installation groove that contacts the filling layer and / or the protective layer is set as an uneven surface.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module, including a frame and a laminate, wherein the frame is provided with a mounting groove for accommodating at least an edge of the laminate, and a filling structure is provided in the mounting groove, the filling structure is filled between the frame and the laminate, and the edge of the laminate is restricted in the mounting groove, and the filling structure is waterproof;

[0011] At least a portion of the surface of the inner wall of the installation groove in contact with the filling structure is set as an uneven surface, and / or at least a portion of the surface of the laminate in contact with the filling structure is set as a rough surface.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the mounting groove has a bottom wall and an opening opposite to the bottom wall in a depth direction of the mounting groove, and at least a portion of the uneven surface is located on the bottom wall.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the mounting groove has a bottom wall and an opening opposite to the bottom wall in the depth direction of the mounting groove, and the mounting groove also has a first inner wall and a second inner wall opposite to each other in its width direction, and the uneven surface is located on at least one of the first inner wall, the second inner wall and the bottom wall.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the uneven surface is square-toothed, sawtooth-shaped or wavy.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the rough surface is distributed on the light-receiving side and / or the light-repelling side of the laminate.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the surface of the light-receiving surface that contacts the filling structure is a rough surface, and the surface of the light-receiving surface that does not contact the filling structure is a smooth plane.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the laminate includes a panel glass, a battery cell and a back panel glass which are stacked in sequence, and the rough surface is embossing formed on the surface of the panel glass and / or the outer surface of the back panel glass.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the laminate includes a surface coating layer disposed on a surface, and the rough surface is formed on an outer surface of the surface coating layer.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the filling structure includes a water-blocking glue.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application are:

[0021] The photovoltaic assembly provided by the present application includes a frame and a laminate, and a mounting groove is provided on the frame for accommodating at least the edge of the laminate, and a filling structure is provided in the mounting groove, and the filling structure is filled between the frame and the laminate, and the edge of the laminate is limited in the mounting groove, and the filling structure is waterproof. The inner wall of the mounting groove and / or at least part of the surface of the laminate in contact with the filling structure is set as an uneven surface. By setting the uneven surface, the bonding force between the filling structure and the inner wall of the mounting groove can be improved, and / or, the bonding force between the filling structure and the laminate can be improved, thereby improving the stability of the laminate in the mounting groove, and improving the water blocking effect, and ensuring the stability of the operation of the photovoltaic assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of a laminate in one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in a second embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in a third embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic assembly in a fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic assembly in a fifth embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic assembly in a sixth embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is an overall structural view of a laminate in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which a bus bar passes through a laminate in one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bus bar penetrating into one side of a laminate in one embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bus bar passing through one side of a laminate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.12 This is a schematic structural diagram of a packaging method of a junction box and a laminate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of another packaging method of the junction box and the laminate in another embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Icons: 1-frame; 11-mounting groove; 12-bottom wall; 13-first inner wall; 14-second inner wall; 2-laminate; 201-first side; 202-second side; 203-end face; 21-bus bar; 22-lead hole; 23-panel glass; 24-battery cell; 25-back glass; 3-filling structure; 31-filling layer; 32-protective layer; 33-glue overflow groove; 5-water-blocking gasket; 6-junction box; 7-water-blocking medium; 8-water-blocking layer; 9-protective medium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] In the photovoltaic modules of the related art, the edge of the laminate is inserted into the mounting groove of the frame, and the laminate is filled with material to fix the laminate and waterproof the edge. However, in the related art, the inner wall of the mounting groove and the surface of the laminate are smooth planes, resulting in poor bonding with the filling material, high water permeability, and easy loosening of the laminate during subsequent use, resulting in reduced reliability of the photovoltaic module and difficulty in meeting the use requirements of the product.

[0044] In order to improve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned related technologies, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, which is bonded to the filling structure by setting an uneven surface on the laminate and / or the inner wall of the installation groove, thereby improving the bonding force and improving the reliability and water-blocking performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0045] Figure 1This is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present application. The photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a frame 1 and a laminate 2. The frame 1 is provided with a mounting groove 11 for accommodating at least the edge of the laminate 2. A filling structure 3 is arranged in the mounting groove 11. The filling structure 3 is filled between the frame 1 and the laminate 2, and the edge of the laminate 2 is limited in the mounting groove 11. The filling structure 3 is waterproof. At least part of the surface of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 in contact with the filling structure 3 is set as an uneven surface, and / or at least part of the surface of the laminate 2 in contact with the filling structure 3 is set as a rough surface. For example, at least part of the surface of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 in contact with the filling structure 3 is an uneven surface; or at least part of the surface of the laminate 2 in contact with the filling structure 3 is a rough surface; or at least part of the surface of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 in contact with the filling structure 3 is an uneven surface, and at least part of the surface of the laminate 2 in contact with the filling structure 3 is a rough surface. In the embodiment of the present application, since at least part of the surface of the laminate 2 and / or the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 in contact with the filling structure 3 is an uneven surface or a rough surface, the bonding area with the filling structure 3 is increased, and it is not easy to separate or crack from the filling structure 3, and the generation of air gaps is avoided, so that a better waterproof effect can be guaranteed. In addition, since the heat generated by the laminate 2 during use will be transferred to the frame 1 by the filling structure 3 for heat dissipation, the laminate 2, the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 and the filling structure 3 have a better bonding force and can also ensure better thermal conductivity and heat dissipation performance. In addition, the filling structure 3 can also have a buffering effect.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the edge of the laminate 2 has a thickness direction of the laminate 2 ( Figure 1 The mounting groove 11 includes a first side surface 201 and a second side surface 202 that are opposite to each other in the left-right direction (in the left-right direction) and an end surface 203 that is connected between the first side surface 201 and the second side surface 202. The mounting groove 11 includes a bottom wall 12 and an opening that is opposite to the bottom wall 12 in the depth direction of the mounting groove 11, and the end surface 203 is spaced apart from the bottom wall 12. It should be understood that the depth direction of the mounting groove 11 is a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall 12. Further, the mounting groove 11 includes a first inner side wall 13 and a second inner side wall 14 that are opposite to each other, the first inner side wall 13 is spaced apart from the first side surface 201, and the second inner side wall 14 is spaced apart from the second side surface 202.

[0047] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, at least part of the uneven surface is located on the bottom wall 12. Due to the provision of the uneven surface, the contact area between the filling structure 3 and the bottom wall 12 is increased, and therefore, the bonding force between the filling structure 3 and the bottom wall 12 between the bottom wall 12 and the end surface 203 of the laminate 2 is significantly improved, so that the laminate 2 can be more stably placed in the mounting groove 11, thereby improving the reliability and water-blocking performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0048] Optionally, in addition to the bottom wall 12, the uneven surface of the mounting groove 11 can also be set on the first inner side wall 13 or the second inner side wall 14; in other words, one or more of the first inner side wall 13, the second inner side wall 14 and the bottom wall 12 can be an uneven surface, or partially set as an uneven surface. In some cases, any one of the first inner side wall 13, the second inner side wall 14 and the bottom wall 12 may not be completely in contact with the filling structure 3, so the above-mentioned "partially set as an uneven surface" can be that the entire part in contact with the filling structure 3 is an uneven surface, or a part of the part in contact with the filling structure 3 is an uneven surface, or a part of the uneven surface is in contact with the filling structure 3, and a part is not in contact with the filling structure 3. In an optional embodiment, the surfaces of the first inner side wall 13 and the second inner side wall 14 in contact with the filling structure 3 are uneven surfaces, and the bottom wall 12 is an uneven surface as a whole.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the uneven surface on the inner wall of the installation groove 11 is located on the one of the first inner wall 13, the second inner wall 14 and the bottom wall 12 that is the smallest distance from the laminate 2. This arrangement can improve the water blocking and / or buffering performance of the weak point.

[0050] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the uneven surface on the inner wall of the installation groove 11 is a tooth-shaped groove array, such as Figure 1 In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the uneven surface on the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 may also be sawtooth (triangular teeth) or wavy, or any other shape formed by a concave-convex, high-low undulating design. The uneven surface with a concave-convex structure can increase the physical interlocking effect, improve the bonding force between the filling structure 3 and the frame 1, and reduce the risk of load failure.

[0051] In other embodiments, the laminate 2 may be provided with a rough surface. The rough surface on the laminate 2 is distributed on the light-receiving surface or the backlight surface of the laminate 2.

[0052] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a partial schematic diagram of a laminate 2 in an embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the light-receiving surface of the laminate 2 is located at Figure 1 On the left side, Figure 2 The backlight surface of the laminate 2 is located on the upper side of Figure 1 On the right side, Figure 2The lower side of the laminate 2. Part of the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface of the laminate 2 are in contact with the filling structure 3. In order to improve the bonding strength between the laminate 2 and the filling structure 3, in the present embodiment, the light-receiving surface and the backlight surface of the laminate 2 are both provided with a rough surface to bond with the filling structure 3. Optionally, the part of the light-receiving surface of the laminate 2 that contacts the filling structure 3 (that is, the first side surface 201 of the edge of the laminate 2) is a rough surface; optionally, the part of the light-receiving surface of the laminate 2 that is not in contact with the filling structure 3 is a smooth plane, which can improve the light transmittance, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the laminate 2. Specifically, the width W of the rough surface on the light-receiving surface of the laminate 2 is ≤12mm. After the laminate 2 is combined with the filling structure 3, the rough surface of the light-receiving surface of the laminate 2 will not be exposed, and the risk of dust accumulation will not be increased.

[0053] Optionally, the entire backlight surface of the laminate 2 may be a rough surface. Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the uneven surface on the laminate 2 may be wavy; in other embodiments, it may also be toothed.

[0054] In this embodiment, the laminate 2 includes a panel glass 23, a battery cell 24 and a back glass 25 which are stacked in sequence, and an adhesive film is provided between the panel glass 23 and the battery cell 24, and between the back glass 25 and the battery cell 24. The panel glass 23 is on the light-receiving side of the laminate 2, and the back glass 25 is on the backlight side of the laminate 2. The rough surface on the laminate 2 can be an embossing formed on the surface of the panel glass 23 and / or the surface of the back glass 25. In this embodiment, during the production of the panel glass 23, the end of the roller is embossed, so that an embossed area can be formed at the edge of the panel glass 23, that is, a rough surface is formed; the roller in the process of producing the back glass 25 is embossed as a whole.

[0055] Optionally, the laminate 2 includes a surface coating disposed on the outer surface, and the surface coating may be located on the outer surface of the panel glass 23 and / or the back panel glass 25, and the rough surface is formed on the surface coating. The surface coating may be applied before or after the glass is coated with an anti-reflection film, and sintered at high temperature with the coating solution to increase the bonding area with the filling structure 3 without affecting the thickness of the original glass. Optionally, the surface coating of the light-receiving surface of the laminate 2 is located at the edge and has a width of ≤12 mm; the material of the surface coating may be an inorganic non-metallic material such as ZnO2, TiO2, CaCO3, etc., which may form a good bond with the glass surface after sintering.

[0056] It should be understood that in other optional embodiments, the rough surface on the laminate 2 can be formed on one of the first side surface 201 and the second side surface 202 of the laminate 2 , or even on the end surface 203 .

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the filling structure 3 can be filled between the frame 1 and the laminate 2 to generate a force through bonding, thereby reducing the probability of the edge of the laminate 2 falling out of the installation groove 11. The filling structure 3 also has a water-blocking effect.

[0058] Optionally, the filling structure 3 includes a water-blocking glue. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the filling structure 3 is a water-blocking adhesive as a whole. The main components of the water-blocking adhesive include resin, filler and additives. The resin can be made of polyurethane, silicone-modified polyurethane and other materials, the filler can be made of calcium carbonate, carbon black, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and other materials, and the additive can be made of coupling agent, curing agent, catalyst, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber and other materials. The water permeability of the water-blocking adhesive is ≤10g / (m 2 ·day); The water-blocking adhesive can be selected as two components, and the ratio can be selected as 1:1 or 2:1.

[0059] The filling structure 3 uses materials with low water permeability and low moisture absorption, which not only strengthens the protection of internal materials such as adhesive films, battery cells 24, welding strips, etc., but also protects the bonding interface, increases the interaction force between the filling structure 3 and the laminate 2, and is not easy to fall off after aging. The bonding interface refers to the interface between the laminate 2 and the filling structure 3. The low water permeability material can not only block the invasion of water vapor on the substrate body, but also reduce the risk of bonding falling off at the interface bonding. Due to the low water absorption rate, the risk of hydrolysis of the adhesive is also low. At the same time, a higher process yield can be obtained, and rework is easy, and rework is convenient and low-cost.

[0060] Figures 3 to 7 Schematic diagram of a part of a photovoltaic module in various embodiments of the present application. In other optional embodiments, the filling structure 3 may include a filling layer 31 and a protective layer 32, and at least a portion of the surface in contact with the filling layer 31 and / or the protective layer 32 in the mounting groove 11 is set as an uneven surface. Further optionally, at least a portion of the surface of the laminate 2 in contact with the filling layer 31 and / or the protective layer 32 is set as a rough surface. Figures 3 to 7 The specific forms of the uneven surface and the rough surface are not shown in the description. It should be understood that according to the introduction of the above embodiments, an uneven surface can be set on the inner wall of the installation groove 11, and / or a rough surface can be set on the laminate 2.

[0061] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, a filling layer 31 and a protective layer 32 are provided in the mounting groove 11, and the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 are covered and stacked and filled between the frame 1 and the laminate 2, and the edge of the laminate 2 is restricted in the mounting groove 11. The filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 can be filled between the frame 1 and the laminate 2 to generate a force through bonding, thereby reducing the probability of the edge of the laminate 2 escaping from the mounting groove 11. At least one of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 can be waterproof. By adding the protective layer 32, the packaging options are more diversified, and a variety of material and structure combinations are provided. The most suitable solution can be selected according to factors such as the use environment, customer needs, process compatibility, implementation difficulty, and installation cost.

[0062] In the present application, the meaning of covering, superimposing and filling is that the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 are arranged in sequence between the frame 1 and the laminate 2, and the covering and filling are performed in the form of partial covering, half covering or full covering. Figures 3 to 6 In the illustrated embodiment, one of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 covers the other. Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the filling layer 31 covers a portion of the protective layer 32, and another portion of the protective layer 32 also covers the filling layer 31. Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 are mutually covered. At least one of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 uses a material with low water permeability and low moisture absorption, which not only strengthens the protection of internal materials such as adhesive films, batteries, welding strips, etc., but also protects the bonding interface, increases the interaction force between the filling layer 31 and / or the protective layer 32 and the laminate 2, and is not easy to fall off after aging. The low water permeability material can not only block the intrusion of water vapor, but also reduce the risk of bonding and falling off of the interface bonding. Due to the low water absorption rate, the risk of the adhesive being hydrolyzed is also low. At the same time, a higher process yield can be obtained, and it is easy to rework, which is convenient and low-cost.

[0063] In some embodiments, at least part of the filling layer 31 is in contact with the frame 1 and bonded, and at least part of the filling layer 31 is in contact with the laminate 2 and bonded, so that the filling layer 31 and the frame 1 and the laminate 2 have a basic bonding strength, and the probability of the frame 1 and the laminate 2 being separated is reduced. Figures 3 to 7 As shown, optionally, both the laminate 2 and the frame 1 are in contact and bonded with the filling layer 31, at least one of the laminate 2 and the frame 1 is in contact and bonded with the protective layer 32, and at least one of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 is suitable for buffering.

[0064] When a filling layer 31 and a protective layer 32 are provided in the mounting groove 11, the protective layer 32 is embedded between part of the filling layer 31 and the frame 1, and is bonded to the filling layer 31 and the frame 1. At least one of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 is suitable for buffering, thereby reducing the probability of compression damage between the frame 1 and the laminate 2.

[0065] In some embodiments, optionally, one of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 is used for water blocking, and the other is used for buffering, and the two are used in combination to fully demonstrate their respective characteristics, so that the laminate and the frame 1 have both low water permeability and high buffering performance. In other embodiments, the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 both have water blocking and buffering properties, and the water blocking and buffering properties are improved at the same time through the composite use of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32.

[0066] In some embodiments (such as Figure 3 In the embodiment shown in the figure, the protective layer 32 is laid on part of the inner wall of the installation groove 11, and at least part of the filling layer 31 is suitable for contacting the frame 1 outside the protective layer 32, so as to ensure that the filling layer 31 can be bonded to the frame 1 all around the protective layer 32, thereby reducing the probability of separation of the protective layer 32 from the filling layer 31 or from the frame 1.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, there are two protective layers 32, one protective layer 32 is arranged on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 opposite to the upper surface of the laminate 2, and the other protective layer 32 is arranged on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 opposite to the lower surface of the laminate 2. The two parts of the protective layer 32 can protect the two sides of the laminate 2 respectively, and the installation position is consistent with the relative movement between the frame 1 and the laminate 2 and the normal water penetration position, so as to provide better buffering or water blocking.

[0068] Alternatively, the protective layer 32 may be an integral body surrounding the edge of the laminate 2, and the protective layer 32 includes at least two parts, one part of the protective layer 32 is disposed on the first inner side wall 13, and the other part of the protective layer 32 is disposed on the second inner side wall 14. The protective layer 32 may cover part or all of the first inner side wall 13 and the second inner side wall 14. The two parts of the protective layer 32 can protect the two sides of the laminate 2 respectively.

[0069] The first side 201 of the laminate 2 is located on the first side of the laminate 2, usually on the side facing the light source (such as the upper surface) when in use; the second side 202 of the laminate 2 is located on the second side of the laminate 2, usually on the side facing away from the light source (such as the lower surface) when in use.

[0070] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the filling layer 31 can use water-blocking glue, and the protective layer 32 can use foam tape, which is easy to install. The foam tape can provide buffering, and the water-blocking glue can provide water blocking. The advantages of the two are combined to make the photovoltaic module more stable. Optionally, the foam tape is a combination of a base material (PE, acrylic acid) + an adhesive (acrylic acid system, silicone rubber system), and its water permeability is ≤10g / (m 2·day), the foam thickness is 0.4-1mm. Optionally, the width of the foam tape on the first inner wall 13 is ≤5mm (2-3mm narrower than the width of the first inner wall 13, which is convenient for the overflow of the water-blocking glue), and the width of the foam tape on the first inner wall 13 is ≤13mm. It should be understood that the width of the foam tape and the inner wall mentioned above refers to the dimension in the depth direction of the installation groove 11. Optionally, the water permeability of the water-blocking glue is ≤5g / (m 2 ·day), it can be selected as a two-component, the ratio can be selected as 1:1, 2:1, the main components of the water-blocking adhesive are resin, filler and additives.

[0071] In some embodiments, the protective layer 32 opposite to the first side surface 201 of the laminate 2 (i.e., the portion of the protective layer 32 bonded to the first inner side wall 13) is provided with an overflowing glue groove 33 on one side near the opening of the mounting groove 11, and the overflowing glue groove 33 can reduce or even avoid the probability of the water-blocking glue overflowing from the mounting groove 11 to the photovoltaic cell on the laminate 2. In this embodiment, the overflowing glue groove 33 is formed between the uncovered portion of the first inner side wall 13 and the filling layer 31.

[0072] Optionally, when a filling layer 31 and a protective layer 32 are provided in the installation groove 11, the protective layer 32 can be embedded between part of the filling layer 31 and the laminate 2, and bonded with the filling layer 31 and the laminate 2, and at least one of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 is suitable for buffering. The protective layer 32 can be pre-bonded to the surface of the laminate 2, and the installation is simpler and more convenient. This method combines the advantages of water-blocking glue and foam tape. The water-blocking glue has water-blocking and bonding effects, and the foam tape has buffering, filling and bonding effects.

[0073] Optionally, the protective layer 32 half-wraps or fully wraps the edge of the laminate 2; optionally, at least part of the filling layer 31 contacts the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 32 to improve the overall stability. The protective layer 32 half-wraps the edge of the laminate 2, which means that when the edge of the laminate 2 is accommodated in the installation groove 11, the surface of the edge of the laminate 2 exposed in the installation groove 11 is at least partially covered by the protective layer 32, that is, the coverage degree is between not covered by the protective layer 32 and completely covered by the protective layer 32, and does not include the two situations of not being covered by the protective layer 32 and being completely covered by the protective layer 32.

[0074] It should be understood that at least part of the filling layer 31 is in contact with the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 32, which means that at least part of the filling layer 31 (or a part of the filling layer 31) is closer to the opening of the installation groove 11 than the protective layer 32 (specifically the protective layer 32 wrapping the edge of the laminate 2), or farther away from the bottom wall 12 of the installation groove 11.

[0075] like Figures 4 to 7As shown in the embodiment, at least part of the protective layer 32 is bonded to at least one of the first side 201, the second side 202 and the end face 203 of the laminate 2, and the bonding area of ​​the filling layer 31 on the laminate 2 is closer to the opening than the bonding area of ​​the protective layer 32 on the laminate 2.

[0076] like Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the protective layer 32 is bonded to the first side surface 201, the second side surface 202 and the end surface 203, so that the cross section of the protective layer 32 is U-shaped. The filling layer 31 is coated on the outer side of the protective layer 32 on the laminate 2, and a portion of the filling layer 31 is located on the side of the protective layer 32 close to the opening and bonded to the first side surface 201 and the second side surface 202.

[0077] Specifically, the protective layer 32 is a water-blocking film and completely wraps the edge of the laminate 2, the filling layer 31 is a silicone layer and completely wraps the protective layer 32, and is bonded to the frame 1 in the installation groove 11, and the width covered by the protective layer 32 on the upper surface (i.e., the first side 201) and the lower surface (i.e., the second side 202) of the laminate 2 is less than the depth of the laminate 2 embedded in the filling layer 31, so that the filling layer 31 can be in contact and bonded with the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 32 (i.e., the side closer to the opening), and the laminate 2 is restricted in the installation groove 11 by the combined force of the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32, thereby improving the connection stability between the frame 1 and the laminate 2. In this embodiment, the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 can be a combination of a water-blocking adhesive and a foam tape, for example, the filling layer 31 is a water-blocking adhesive, and the protective layer 32 is a foam tape.

[0078] In other embodiments, the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32 may also be a combination of silicone and a water-blocking film. For example, the filling layer 31 is silicone and the protective layer 32 is a water-blocking film. In this way, the advantages of silicone and water-blocking film can be combined. The silicone plays the role of bonding, buffering and filling, and the water-blocking film plays the role of water blocking and bonding. The water-blocking tape can be a metal tape, such as aluminum foil, copper foil, etc., with a water permeability of ≤0.1g / (m 2 ·day), thickness 40~100um, low water permeability, can also be composite film, such as aluminum-plastic film, aluminum-plated film, etc., water permeability ≤2g / (m 2 ·day), thickness 50~150um, water permeability depends on the material structure, the tape has high mechanical strength, and can also be non-metallic film, such as BOPP, PET, PE, etc., water permeability ≤5g / (m 2 ·day), thickness 50~150um, low cost.

[0079] like Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, another arrangement of the protective layer 32 is that there are two protective layers 32, which are respectively bonded and covered on the upper and lower surfaces of the edge of the laminate 2, and the filling layer 31 completely wraps the protective layer 32, is bonded to the frame 1 in the mounting groove 11, and is in contact and bonded to the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 32.

[0080] In other words, Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the first side 201 and the second side 202 of the laminate 2 are both bonded with a protective layer 32, the space between the protective layer 32 on the first side 201 and the first inner wall 13 is filled with a filling layer 31, the space between the protective layer 32 on the second side 202 and the second inner wall 14 is filled with a filling layer 31, and the space between the bottom wall 12 and the end surface 203 is filled with a filling layer 31. Therefore, Figure 5 Example and Figure 4 The difference between the embodiments is that Figure 5 In the embodiment, the end surface 203 of the laminate 2 is bonded to the filling layer 31 instead of the protective layer 32. Optionally, the protective layer 32 on the first side 201 and the second side 202 can be a whole surrounding the edge of the laminate 2, so the protective layer 32 on both sides of the laminate 2 can be regarded as two parts of the protective layer 32.

[0081] like Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, another configuration of the protective layer 32 is that the protective layer 32 is bonded and covers the side of the laminate 2, the filling layer 31 completely wraps the protective layer 32, is bonded to the frame 1 in the mounting groove 11, and is in contact and bonded to the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 32.

[0082] In other words, Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the space between the bottom wall 12 and the end face 203 is filled with the protective layer 32, and the space between the first side face 201 and the first inner side wall 13 and the space between the second side face 202 and the second inner side wall 14 are filled with the filling layer 31. It should be understood that the protective layer 32 may completely fill the space between the end face 203 and the bottom wall 12, or may partially fill it; when the protective layer 32 only fills a portion of the space between the end face 203 and the bottom wall 12, a portion of the filling layer 31 will also be located between the end face 203 and the bottom wall 12, so that the space between the end face 203 and the bottom wall 12 is filled with both the filling layer 31 and the protective layer 32.

[0083] like Figure 7In the embodiment shown, optionally, the protective layer 32 is simultaneously embedded between a portion of the filling layer 31 and the frame 1 and between a portion of the filling layer 31 and the laminate 2. The number of protective layers 32 is three. One protective layer 32 is arranged on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 opposite to the upper surface of the laminate 2, and another protective layer 32 is arranged on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 opposite to the lower surface of the laminate 2. Another protective layer 32 completely wraps the edge of the laminate 2, and the filling layer 31 completely wraps the protective layer 32, is bonded to the frame 1 in the mounting groove 11, and is in contact and bonded to the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 32. This method is suitable for situations where the mounting groove 11 is larger in specification, and can enable the laminate 2 to obtain better buffering and water-blocking properties.

[0084] In other words, Figure 7 In the embodiment, the protective layer 32 is laid on the first inner wall 13 and the second inner wall 14, the space between the protective layer 32 on the first inner wall 13 and the protective layer 32 on the first side 201 is filled with the filling layer 31, and the space between the protective layer 32 on the second inner wall 14 and the protective layer 32 on the second side 202 is filled with the filling layer 31.

[0085] In some embodiments, the filling layer 31 includes water-blocking glue or silicone, and the protective layer 32 includes foam tape or metal film tape or non-metal film tape or composite film tape.

[0086] like Figures 8 to 11 In the illustrated embodiment, a water-blocking gasket 5 is laminated and placed inside the laminate 2 at the lead-out portion of the busbar 21 , and a lead-out hole 22 communicating with the lead-out portion of the busbar 21 is provided on the laminate 2 , and a water-blocking glue is filled in the lead-out hole 22 .

[0087] like Fig.10 and 11 In the illustrated embodiment, water-blocking gaskets 5 are provided on both sides of the laminate 2 at the lead-out point of the bus bar 21. The bus bar 21 directly covers the water-blocking gasket 5 on the inner side of the lead-out point, and the bus bar 21 passes through the water-blocking gasket 5 on the outer side of the lead-out point, and the water-blocking gasket 5 is fixed by bending.

[0088] In the lamination process, before the glass / backplane is combined, a low-permeability film gasket, i.e., a water-blocking gasket 5, may be placed at the lead-out position of the busbar 21. The water permeability is less than 10g / (m2·day) and the material may be POE, EPE, etc., and the lead-out hole 22 may be sealed by a lamination process.

[0089] A junction box 6 is provided on the laminate 2 . When the junction box 6 is installed, the contact surface between the junction box 6 and the laminate 2 needs to be sealed around.

[0090] like Fig.12In the illustrated embodiment, a water-blocking medium 7 is disposed around the junction box 6 and between the laminate 2 . The water-blocking medium 7 is preferably made of a water-blocking glue, which has good water-blocking properties.

[0091] like Fig.13 In the illustrated embodiment, a water-blocking layer 8 is first bonded between the junction box 6 and the laminate 2. The water-blocking layer 8 plays a water-blocking role. The water-blocking layer 8 is preferably made of foam tape, and then installed on the laminate 2 through the foam tape. Then, a protective medium 9 covering the water-blocking layer 8 is arranged around the junction box 6 and between the laminate 2. The protective medium 9 plays a bonding role. The protective medium 9 is preferably made of silicone, which has good weather resistance.

[0092] In some embodiments, the junction box 6 is filled with a low permeability potting water-blocking glue, the permeability of which is less than 10 g / (m 2 ·day), optionally, water permeability ≤5g / (m 2 ·day), preferably a two-component fast-curing adhesive with a viscosity of less than 8000mPa·s.

[0093] In some embodiments, after the laminate 2 is completed, during the process of installing the junction box 6, a low permeability potting water-blocking glue may be added to the back lead-out hole 22, with a permeability of less than 10g / (m 2 ·day), optionally, water permeability ≤5g / (m 2 ·day), preferably a two-component fast-setting glue with a viscosity of less than 8000mPa·s, to seal the back glass or back panel lead-out hole 22 to reduce water permeability.

[0094] In the above embodiment, the existing packaging method between the frame 1 and the laminate 2, the bus bar 21 and the laminate 2, and the junction box 6 and the laminate 2 is optimized to solve the problem of easy water penetration around the component, the back, and the junction box 6, thereby improving the reliability of the component.

[0095] The optimization of the existing packaging method between the frame 1 and the laminate 2 in the above embodiment is simple to implement, does not require or only requires the addition of a small amount of processing equipment, such as tape sticking equipment, etc., has low cost and is easy to upgrade the production line.

[0096] The photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages:

[0097] (1) The waterproof structure of the present application uses a packaging material with low water permeability and low moisture absorption rate to bond and seal the laminate 2 and the frame 1. The packaging material can block the intrusion of water vapor through the substrate body, reduce the risk of hydrolysis of the bonding interface, and thus reduce the probability of separation at the bonding point, increase the interaction force between the frame 1, the laminate 2 and the packaging material, and is not easy to fall off after aging;

[0098] (2) The waterproof structure of the present application optimizes the existing packaging method and provides a variety of packaging forms that are combined with various materials and structures, with more diverse choices. The most suitable solution can be selected according to factors such as the use environment, customer needs, process compatibility, implementation difficulty, and installation cost;

[0099] (3) The waterproof photovoltaic module of the present application optimizes the existing packaging method, and optimizes the packaging of the parts around the module, the back, the junction box 6 and other places that are easy to be permeated with water, thereby reducing the probability of water vapor intrusion and improving the reliability of the module;

[0100] (4) By providing an uneven surface or a rough surface in the installation groove 11 and / or on the laminate 2, the bonding strength between the filling structure 3 and the frame and the laminate 2 is improved, thereby ensuring the water-blocking performance, buffering performance and heat dissipation performance, and improving the stability of the photovoltaic module.

[0101] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising a frame and a laminate, wherein the frame is provided with a mounting groove at least suitable for accommodating an edge of the laminate, characterized in that: A filling layer and a protective layer are arranged in the installation groove, the filling layer and the protective layer are covered and stacked to fill between the frame and the laminate, and the edge of the laminate is limited in the installation groove, and at least one of the filling layer and the protective layer is waterproof; At least a portion of the surface in the installation groove that contacts the filling layer and / or the protective layer is configured as an uneven surface.

2. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It comprises a frame and a laminate, wherein the frame is provided with a mounting groove for at least accommodating the edge of the laminate, and a filling structure is arranged in the mounting groove, the filling structure is filled between the frame and the laminate, and the edge of the laminate is restricted in the mounting groove, and the filling structure is waterproof; At least a portion of the surface of the inner wall of the installation groove in contact with the filling structure is set as an uneven surface, and / or at least a portion of the surface of the laminate in contact with the filling structure is set as a rough surface.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation groove has a bottom wall and an opening opposite to the bottom wall in the depth direction of the installation groove, and at least a portion of the uneven surface is located on the bottom wall.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting groove has a bottom wall and an opening opposite to the bottom wall in the depth direction of the mounting groove. The mounting groove also has a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall opposite to each other in its width direction. The uneven surface is located on at least one of the first inner side wall, the second inner side wall and the bottom wall.

5. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the uneven surface is square tooth-shaped, sawtooth-shaped or wavy.

6. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The rough surface is distributed on the light-receiving surface and / or the light-receiving surface of the laminate.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the light-receiving surface that contacts the filling structure is the rough surface, and the surface of the light-receiving surface that does not contact the filling structure is a smooth plane.

8. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The laminate comprises a panel glass, a battery sheet and a back panel glass which are stacked in sequence, and the rough surface is embossing formed on the surface of the panel glass and / or the outer surface of the back panel glass.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The laminate comprises a surface coating layer disposed on a surface, and the rough surface is formed on an outer surface of the surface coating layer.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The filling structure includes water-blocking glue.

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