Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the utility model comprises a frame and a laminated part, the frame is provided with a mounting groove at least suitable for accommodating the edge of the laminated part, the mounting groove is internally provided with a filling layer and a protective layer, the filling layer and the protective layer are coated, superposed and filled between the frame and the laminated part, and the edge of the laminated part is limited in the mounting groove. And at least one of the filling layer and the protective layer is waterproof. The photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the effects of low water permeability and moisture absorption rate, strong protection performance and high process yield.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the priority of Chinese patent application No. 2023231049216, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on November 16, 2023, and entitled “A Photovoltaic Module”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0004] Photovoltaic modules are a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy by connecting a number of single cells in series and parallel, and then sealing them into a whole. Common photovoltaic modules are mostly flat-panel packaging structures.

[0005] Currently, PERC single-glass and double-glass modules have a relatively high market share and are sealed with conventional silicone adhesives. With the development of technology, it is expected that the proportion of PERC products on the market will gradually decrease, and will be replaced by TOPCon, HJT, perovskite and other products.

[0006] However, the inventors believe that the above-mentioned related technologies have defects: TOPCon, HJT, perovskite and other products are more sensitive to water vapor due to the particularity of the battery, the packaging materials and packaging methods suitable for PERC are relatively single, and the water permeability is too high, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of new products. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic module to improve the problem of poor waterproof performance of photovoltaic modules in related technologies.

[0008] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a frame and a laminate, wherein the frame is provided with an installation groove at least suitable for accommodating an edge of the laminate, a filling layer and a protective layer are arranged in the installation groove, the filling layer and the protective layer are covered and stacked and filled between the frame and the laminate, and the edge of the laminate is confined in the installation groove, and at least one of the filling layer and the protective layer is waterproof.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, at least part of the filling layer is in contact and bonded with the frame, and at least part of the filling layer is in contact and bonded with the laminate;

[0011] The protective layer is embedded between part of the filling layer and the frame, and is bonded to the filling layer and the frame, and / or the protective layer is embedded between part of the filling layer and the laminate, and is bonded to the filling layer and the laminate;

[0012] At least one of the filling layer and the protective layer is adapted for cushioning.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the protective layer half-wraps or fully wraps around the edge of the laminate, and at least a portion of the filling layer is in contact with the laminate outside the protective layer.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the protective layer fully covers the edge of the laminate, and the width of the protective layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the laminate is smaller than the depth of the laminate embedded in the filling layer.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the protective layer is laid on a portion of the inner wall of the installation groove, and at least a portion of the filling layer is in contact with the frame outside the protective layer.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, there are two protective layers, one protective layer is arranged on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove opposite to the upper surface of the laminate, and the other protective layer is arranged on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove opposite to the lower surface of the laminate.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the filling layer includes water-blocking glue or silica gel, and the protective layer includes foam tape or metal film tape or non-metal film tape or composite film tape.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, at least a portion of the surface in the installation groove that contacts the filling layer and / or the protective layer is configured as an uneven surface.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, a junction box is provided on the laminate, and a water-blocking medium is provided around the junction box and between the laminate, or a water-blocking layer is bonded between the junction box and the laminate, and a protective medium covering the water-blocking layer is provided around the junction box and between the laminate.

[0020] In some embodiments, a water-blocking gasket is laminated and placed inside the laminate at the busbar lead-out point, and a lead-out hole connected to the busbar lead-out point is provided on the laminate, and the lead-out hole is filled with water-blocking glue; the lead-out hole in the junction box is filled with water-blocking glue.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the edge of the laminate has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the laminate and an end surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, the mounting groove has a bottom wall and an opening opposite to the bottom wall in a depth direction of the mounting groove, and the end surface is spaced apart from the bottom wall; at least a portion of the protective layer is bonded to at least one of the first side surface, the second side surface and the end surface, and the bonding area of ​​the filling layer on the laminate is close to the opening relative to the bonding area of ​​the protective layer on the laminate.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, at least part of the protective layer is bonded to the first side, the second side and the end face, the filling layer is coated on the outside of the protective layer on the laminate, and a part of the filling layer is located on the side of the protective layer close to the opening and is bonded to the first side and the second side.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the mounting groove has a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall relative to each other, the first inner side wall is spaced opposite to the first side surface, the second inner side wall is spaced opposite to the second side surface, the first inner side wall and the second inner side wall are both covered with a protective layer, the space between the protective layer on the first inner side wall and the protective layer on the first side surface is filled with a filling layer, and the space between the protective layer on the second inner side wall and the protective layer on the second side surface is filled with a filling layer.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the mounting groove has a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall relative to each other, the first inner side wall is spaced apart from the first side surface, the second inner side wall is spaced apart from the second side surface, both the first side surface and the second side surface are bonded with a protective layer, the space between the protective layer on the first side surface and the first inner side wall is filled with a filling layer, the space between the protective layer on the second side surface and the second inner side wall is filled with a filling layer, and the space between the bottom wall and the end surface is filled with a filling layer.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the mounting groove has a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall relative to each other, the first inner side wall is spaced apart from the first side surface, and the second inner side wall is spaced apart from the second side surface; the space between the bottom wall and the end surface is filled with a protective layer, and the space between the first side surface and the first inner side wall and the space between the second side surface and the second inner side wall are both filled with a filling layer.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the edge of the laminate has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the laminate and an end surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, and the mounting groove has a bottom wall opposite to the end surface interval; the filling layer is coated on the first side surface, the second side surface and the end surface of the laminate and is bonded to the bottom wall, and the protective layer is arranged between the filling layer and the first side surface and between the filling layer and the second side surface.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application are:

[0028] The photovoltaic assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a frame and a laminate, and a mounting groove suitable for accommodating at least the edge of the laminate is provided on the frame, and a filling layer and a protective layer are provided in the mounting groove, and the filling layer and the protective layer are covered and superimposed and filled between the frame and the laminate, and the edge of the laminate is limited in the mounting groove, and at least one of the filling layer and the protective layer can be waterproof. The photovoltaic assembly of the present application optimizes the existing packaging method, and provides a packaging form in which at least two materials and structures are matched and combined, which can better meet the requirements of the photovoltaic assembly for waterproof performance. And by using the two materials in combination, the selection is more diversified, and the most suitable solution can be selected according to factors such as the use environment, customer needs, process compatibility, implementation difficulty, and installation cost. In addition, a water-blocking medium or a water-blocking layer (matching a protective medium) is provided around the junction box and between the laminate, which can reduce the probability of water vapor intrusion and improve the reliability of the photovoltaic assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in the related art;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in a second embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in a third embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic assembly in a fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic assembly in a fifth embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which at least part of the surface in contact with the filling layer in the installation groove is set as an uneven surface;

[0037] Figure 8 This is an overall structural view of a laminate in one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which a bus bar passes through a laminate in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bus bar penetrating into one side of a laminate in one embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bus bar passing through one side of a laminate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig.12 This is a schematic structural diagram of a packaging method of a junction box and a laminate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of another packaging method of the junction box and the laminate in another embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Icons: 1-frame; 11-mounting groove; 12-bottom wall; 13-first inner wall; 14-second inner wall; 111-uneven surface; 2-laminate; 201-first side surface; 202-second side surface; 203-end surface; 21-bus bar; 22-lead hole; 3-filling layer; 4-protective layer; 41-glue overflow groove; 5-water-blocking gasket; 6-junction box; 7-water-blocking medium; 8-water-blocking layer; 9-protective medium. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0045] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0046] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a partial schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in the related art. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module in the related art includes a frame 1 and a laminate 2, and the frame 1 is provided with a mounting groove 11 at least suitable for accommodating the edge of the laminate 2. A filling layer 3 is arranged in the mounting groove 11, and the filling layer 3 is filled between the frame 1 and the laminate 2, and the edge of the laminate 2 is restricted in the mounting groove 11. The filling layer 3 can be filled between the frame 1 and the laminate 2 to generate a force through bonding, thereby reducing the probability that the edge of the laminate 2 will fall out of the mounting groove 11. The material of the filling layer 3 in the related art is silica gel. The waterproofness of the photovoltaic module with this structure still needs to be improved.

[0051] To this end, the present application embodiment provides a photovoltaic assembly, referring to Figures 2 to 13 , including a frame 1 and a laminate 2, the frame 1 is provided with a mounting groove 11 at least suitable for accommodating the edge of the laminate 2, the frame 1 is made of any material and can be an aluminum frame, a steel frame, a composite frame, etc.

[0052] The photovoltaic modules provided in the embodiments of the present application include but are not limited to PERC modules, TOPCon modules, heterojunction modules, perovskite modules, stacked modules, thin-film modules, etc.; and the laminate 2 can be a single-glass structure or a double-glass structure.

[0053] Optionally, the filling layer 3 uses materials with low water permeability and low moisture absorption, which not only strengthens the protection of internal materials such as adhesive films, batteries, welding strips, etc., but also protects the bonding interface, increases the interaction force between the filling layer 3 and the laminate 2, and is not easy to fall off after aging. The bonding interface refers to the interface between the laminate 2 and the sealing material. The low water permeability material can not only block the invasion of water vapor on the substrate body, but also reduce the risk of bonding falling off at the interface bonding. Due to the low water absorption rate, the risk of hydrolysis of the adhesive is also low. At the same time, a higher process yield can be obtained, and rework is easy, and rework is convenient and low-cost.

[0054] Figures 2 to 6 Schematic diagram of photovoltaic modules in various embodiments of the present application. Figures 2 to 6 As shown, a filling layer 3 and a protective layer 4 are provided in the installation groove 11, and the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 are covered and stacked and filled between the frame 1 and the laminate 2, and the edge of the laminate 2 is restricted in the installation groove 11. The filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 can be filled between the frame 1 and the laminate 2 to generate a force through bonding, thereby reducing the probability of the edge of the laminate 2 escaping from the installation groove 11. At least one of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 can be waterproof. By adding the protective layer 4, the packaging options are more diversified, and a variety of material and structure combinations are provided. The most suitable solution can be selected according to factors such as the use environment, customer needs, process compatibility, implementation difficulty, and installation cost.

[0055] In this application, the meaning of covering, superimposing and filling is that the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 are arranged between the frame 1 and the laminate 2, and the covering and filling are performed in the form of partial covering, half covering or full covering. Figures 2 to 5 In the embodiment shown, one of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 covers the other. Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, the filling layer 3 covers a part of the protective layer 4, and another part of the protective layer 4 also covers the filling layer 3. Figure 6In the illustrated embodiment, the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 are mutually covered. At least one of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 uses a material with low water permeability and low moisture absorption, which not only strengthens the protection of internal materials, such as adhesive films, batteries, welding strips, etc., but also protects the bonding interface, increases the interaction force between the filling layer 3 and / or the protective layer 4 and the laminate 2, and is not easy to fall off after aging. The bonding interface refers to the interface at the bonding point of the laminate 2 and the sealing material. The low water permeability material can not only block the intrusion of water vapor in the substrate body, but also reduce the risk of bonding and falling off of the interface bonding. Due to the low water absorption rate, the risk of the adhesive being hydrolyzed is also low. At the same time, a higher process yield can be obtained, and rework is easy, and rework is convenient and low cost. In the present application, the edge of the laminate 2 is defined as the portion of the laminate 2 extending into the mounting groove 11.

[0056] In some embodiments, at least part of the filling layer 3 is in contact with the frame 1 and bonded, and at least part of the filling layer 3 is in contact with the laminate 2 and bonded, so that the filling layer 3 has a basic bonding strength with the frame 1 and the laminate 2, and the probability of the frame 1 and the laminate 2 being separated is reduced. Figures 2 to 6 As shown, optionally, both the laminate 2 and the frame 1 are in contact and bonded with the filling layer 3, at least one of the laminate 2 and the frame 1 is in contact and bonded with the protective layer 4, and at least one of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 is suitable for buffering.

[0057] When a filling layer 3 and a protective layer 4 are provided in the installation groove 11, the protective layer 4 is embedded between part of the filling layer 3 and the frame 1, and is bonded to the filling layer 3 and the frame 1. At least one of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 is suitable for buffering, thereby reducing the probability of compression damage between the frame 1 and the laminate 2.

[0058] In some embodiments, optionally, one of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 is water-blocking, and the other is buffering, and the two are used in combination to fully demonstrate their respective characteristics, so that the laminate and the frame 1 have both low water permeability and high buffering performance. In other embodiments, the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 both have water-blocking and buffering properties, and the water-blocking and buffering properties are improved at the same time through the composite use of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4.

[0059] In some embodiments (such as Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the protective layer 4 is laid on part of the inner wall of the installation groove 11, and at least part of the filling layer 3 is suitable for contacting the frame 1 outside the protective layer 4, ensuring that the filling layer 3 can be bonded to the frame 1 all around the protective layer 4, thereby reducing the probability of separation of the protective layer 4 from the filling layer 3 or from the frame 1.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the edge of the laminate 2 has a first side surface 201 and a second side surface 202 that are opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the laminate 2, and an end surface 203 that is connected between the first side surface 201 and the second side surface 202. The mounting groove 11 has a bottom wall 12 and an opening that is opposite to the bottom wall 12 in the depth direction of the mounting groove 11, and the end surface 203 is spaced apart from the bottom wall 12. It should be understood that the depth direction of the mounting groove 11 in the present embodiment is a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall 12. Further, the mounting groove 11 has a first inner side wall 13 and a second inner side wall 14 that are opposite to each other, the first inner side wall 13 is spaced apart from the first side surface 201, and the second inner side wall 14 is spaced apart from the second side surface 202. In the present embodiment, two surfaces are spaced apart from each other means that there is a space between the two surfaces instead of being attached, and the normal vectors of the two surfaces are mutually oriented in the direction of each other.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, there are two protective layers 4, one protective layer 4 is arranged on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 opposite to the upper surface of the laminate 2, and the other protective layer 4 is arranged on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 opposite to the lower surface of the laminate 2. The two parts of the protective layer 4 can protect the two sides of the laminate 2 respectively, and the installation position is consistent with the relative movement between the frame 1 and the laminate 2 and the normal water penetration position, so as to provide better buffering or water blocking.

[0062] Generally, the first side 201 of the laminate 2 is located toward the light source (such as the upper surface) when in use; the second side 202 of the laminate 2 is located away from the light source (such as the lower surface) when in use.

[0063] exist Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the filling layer 3 can use water-blocking glue, and the protective layer 4 can use foam tape, which is easy to install. The foam tape can provide buffering, and the water-blocking glue can provide water blocking. The advantages of the two are combined to make the photovoltaic module more stable. Optionally, the foam tape is a combination of a base material (PE, acrylic acid) + an adhesive (acrylic acid system, silicone rubber system), and its water permeability is ≤10g / (m 2 ·day), the foam thickness is 0.4-1mm. Optionally, the width of the foam tape on the first inner wall 13 is ≤5mm (2-3mm narrower than the width of the first inner wall 13, which is convenient for the overflow of the water-blocking glue), and the width of the foam tape on the first inner wall 13 is ≤13mm. It should be understood that the width of the foam tape and the inner wall mentioned above refers to the dimension in the depth direction of the installation groove 11. Optionally, the water permeability of the water-blocking glue is ≤5g / (m 2·day), it can be selected as a two-component, and the ratio can be selected as 1:1, 2:1. The main components of the water-blocking adhesive are resin, filler and additives. The filler can use materials such as calcium carbonate, carbon black, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, etc., and the additives can use materials such as coupling agents, curing agents, catalysts, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers.

[0064] In some embodiments, the protective layer 4 opposite to the first side surface 201 of the laminate 2 (i.e., the portion of the protective layer 4 bonded to the first inner side wall 13) is provided with an overflowing glue groove 41 on one side near the opening of the mounting groove 11, and the overflowing glue groove 41 can reduce or even avoid the probability of the water-blocking glue overflowing the mounting groove 11 to the photovoltaic cell on the laminate 2. In this embodiment, the overflowing glue groove 41 is formed between the uncovered portion of the first inner side wall 13 and the filling layer 3.

[0065] Optionally, when the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 are provided in the installation groove 11, the protective layer 4 can be embedded between part of the filling layer 3 and the laminate 2, and bonded with the filling layer 3 and the laminate 2, and at least one of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 is suitable for buffering. The protective layer 4 can be pre-bonded to the surface of the laminate 2, and the installation is simpler and more convenient. This method combines the advantages of water-blocking glue and foam tape. The water-blocking glue has water-blocking and bonding effects, and the foam tape has buffering, filling and bonding effects.

[0066] Optionally, the protective layer 4 half-wraps or fully wraps to the edge of the laminate 2; optionally, at least part of the filling layer 3 contacts the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 4 to improve the overall stability. The protective layer 4 half-wraps to the edge of the laminate 2, which means that when the edge of the laminate 2 is accommodated in the installation groove 11, the surface of the edge of the laminate 2 exposed in the installation groove 11 is at least partially covered by the protective layer 4, that is, the coverage degree is between not being covered by the protective layer 4 and being completely covered by the protective layer 4, and does not include the two situations of not being covered by the protective layer 4 and being completely covered by the protective layer 4.

[0067] It should be understood that at least part of the filling layer 3 is in contact with the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 4, which means that at least part of the filling layer 3 (or a part of the filling layer 3) is closer to the opening of the installation groove 11 than the protective layer 4 (specifically the protective layer 4 wrapping the edge of the laminate 2), or farther away from the bottom wall 12 of the installation groove 11.

[0068] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown in the embodiment, at least part of the protective layer 4 is bonded to at least one of the first side 201, the second side 202 and the end face 203 of the laminate 2, and the bonding area of ​​the filling layer 3 on the laminate 2 is closer to the opening than the bonding area of ​​the protective layer 4 on the laminate 2.

[0069] like Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, the protective layer 4 is bonded to the first side surface 201, the second side surface 202 and the end surface 203, so that the cross section of the protective layer 4 is U-shaped. The filling layer 3 is coated on the outer side of the protective layer 4 on the laminate 2, and a part of the filling layer 3 is located on the side of the protective layer 4 close to the opening and bonded to the first side surface 201 and the second side surface 202.

[0070] Specifically, the protective layer 4 is a water-blocking film and completely wraps the edge of the laminate 2, the filling layer 3 is a silicone layer and completely wraps the protective layer 4, and is bonded to the frame 1 in the mounting groove 11. The width of the protective layer 4 on the upper surface (i.e., the first side 201) and the lower surface (i.e., the second side 202) of the laminate 2 is less than the depth of the laminate 2 embedded in the filling layer 3, so that the filling layer 3 can be in contact with the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 4 (i.e., the side closer to the opening) and bonded, and the laminate 2 is restricted in the mounting groove 11 by the combined force of the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4, thereby improving the connection stability between the frame 1 and the laminate 2. In this embodiment, the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 can be a combination of a water-blocking glue and a foam tape, for example, the filling layer 3 is a water-blocking glue, and the protective layer 4 is a foam tape. Among them, the material of the filling layer 3 is a water-blocking glue, so that the filling layer 3 also has a certain buffering effect, that is, the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 can be used for buffering.

[0071] In other embodiments, the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 may also be a combination of silica gel and a water-blocking film. For example, the filling layer 3 is silica gel and the protective layer 4 is a water-blocking film. In this way, the advantages of silica gel and the water-blocking film can be combined. The silica gel plays the role of bonding, buffering and filling, and the water-blocking film plays the role of water blocking and bonding. The water-blocking tape can be a metal tape, such as aluminum foil, copper foil, etc., with a water permeability of ≤0.1g / (m 2 ·day), thickness 40~100um, low water permeability, can also be composite film, such as aluminum-plastic film, aluminum-plated film, etc., water permeability ≤2g / (m 2 ·day), thickness 50~150um, water permeability depends on the material structure, the tape has high mechanical strength, and can also be non-metallic film, such as BOPP, PET, PE, etc., water permeability ≤5g / (m 2 ·day), thickness 50~150um, low cost.

[0072] In other optional embodiments, the filling layer 3 may be a water-blocking glue, and the protective layer 4 may be a water-blocking film, so that the filling layer 3 can play a water-blocking role and a certain buffering role, and the protective layer 4 can play a water-blocking role. Alternatively, the filling layer 3 is silica gel, and the protective layer 4 is a foam tape, so that the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 both have water-blocking and buffering functions.

[0073] like Figure 4In the embodiment shown, another arrangement of the protective layer 4 is that there are two protective layers 4, which are respectively bonded to and cover the upper and lower surfaces of the edges of the laminate 2, and the filling layer 3 completely wraps the protective layer 4, is bonded to the frame 1 in the mounting groove 11, and is in contact and bonded to the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 4.

[0074] In other words, Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the first side 201 and the second side 202 of the laminate 2 are both bonded with the protective layer 4, the space between the protective layer 4 on the first side 201 and the first inner wall 13 is filled with the filling layer 3, the space between the protective layer 4 on the second side 202 and the second inner wall 14 is filled with the filling layer 3, and the space between the bottom wall 12 and the end surface 203 is filled with the filling layer 3. Therefore, Figure 4 Example and Figure 3 The difference between the embodiments is that Figure 4 In the embodiment, the end surface 203 of the laminate 2 is bonded to the filling layer 3 instead of the protective layer 4 .

[0075] like Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, another arrangement of the protective layer 4 is that the protective layer 4 is bonded and covers the side of the laminate 2, the filling layer 3 completely wraps the protective layer 4, is bonded to the frame 1 in the installation groove 11, and is in contact and bonded to the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 4.

[0076] In other words, Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the space between the bottom wall 12 and the end face 203 is filled with the protective layer 4, and the space between the first side face 201 and the first inner side wall 13 and the space between the second side face 202 and the second inner side wall 14 are filled with the filling layer 3. It should be understood that the protective layer 4 may completely fill the space between the end face 203 and the bottom wall 12, or may partially fill it; when the protective layer 4 only fills a portion of the space between the end face 203 and the bottom wall 12, part of the filling layer 3 will also be between the end face 203 and the bottom wall 12, so that the space between the end face 203 and the bottom wall 12 is filled with the filling layer 3 and the protective layer 4 together.

[0077] like Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, optionally, the protective layer 4 is simultaneously embedded between part of the filling layer 3 and the frame 1 and between part of the filling layer 3 and the laminate 2. The number of protective layers 4 is three. One protective layer 4 is arranged on at least part of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 opposite to the upper surface of the laminate 2, and another protective layer 4 is arranged on at least part of the inner wall of the mounting groove 11 opposite to the lower surface of the laminate 2. Another protective layer 4 completely wraps the edge of the laminate 2, and the filling layer 3 completely wraps the protective layer 4, is bonded to the frame 1 in the mounting groove 11, and is in contact and bonded with the laminate 2 outside the protective layer 4. This method is suitable for the case where the mounting groove 11 is larger in specification, and can enable the laminate 2 to obtain better buffering and water-blocking properties.

[0078] In other words, Figure 6 In the embodiment, the protective layer 4 is laid on the first inner wall 13 and the second inner wall 14, the space between the protective layer 4 on the first inner wall 13 and the protective layer 4 on the first side 201 is filled with the filling layer 3, and the space between the protective layer 4 on the second inner wall 14 and the protective layer 4 on the second side 202 is filled with the filling layer 3.

[0079] In some embodiments, the filling layer 3 includes water-blocking glue or silicone, and the protective layer 4 includes foam tape or metal film tape or non-metal film tape or composite film tape.

[0080] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the surface in the installation groove 11 that contacts the filling layer 3 and / or the protective layer 4 is set as an uneven surface 111, which can effectively increase the amount of the filling layer 3, improve the water blocking and / or buffering effect, and also improve the heat absorption and heat dissipation efficiency of the frame 1, thereby improving the stability of the operation of the photovoltaic module.

[0081] like Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the cross-sectional shape of the uneven surface 111 is a tooth-shaped groove array. In some embodiments, the uneven surface 111 can be any shape formed by a concave-convex, high-low undulating design. Optionally, the uneven surface 111 is arranged on the bottom wall 12 of the mounting groove 11.

[0082] In some embodiments, the uneven surface 111 is at least disposed at a location where the distance between the laminate 2 and the frame 1 is relatively close, so as to enhance the water blocking and / or buffering performance of the weak location.

[0083] like Figures 8 to 11 In the illustrated embodiment, a water-blocking gasket 5 is laminated and placed inside the laminate 2 at the lead-out portion of the busbar 21 , and a lead-out hole 22 communicating with the lead-out portion of the busbar 21 is provided on the laminate 2 , and a water-blocking glue is filled in the lead-out hole 22 .

[0084] like Fig.10 and 11 In the illustrated embodiment, water-blocking gaskets 5 are provided on both sides of the laminate 2 at the lead-out point of the bus bar 21. The bus bar 21 directly covers the water-blocking gasket 5 on the inner side of the lead-out point, and the bus bar 21 passes through the water-blocking gasket 5 on the outer side of the lead-out point, and the water-blocking gasket 5 is fixed by bending.

[0085] In the lamination process, before the glass / back sheet is combined, a low permeability film gasket, i.e., a water-blocking gasket 5, can be placed at the lead-out position of the busbar 21, with a water permeability of <10g / (m 2 ·day), the material can be POE, EPE, etc., and the lead-out hole 22 is blocked by a lamination process.

[0086] A junction box 6 is provided on the laminate 2 . When the junction box 6 is installed, the contact surface between the junction box 6 and the laminate 2 needs to be sealed around.

[0087] like Fig.12 In the illustrated embodiment, a water-blocking medium 7 is disposed around the junction box 6 and between the laminate 2 . The water-blocking medium 7 is preferably made of a water-blocking glue, which has good water-blocking properties.

[0088] like Fig.13 In the illustrated embodiment, a water-blocking layer 8 is first bonded between the junction box 6 and the laminate 2. The water-blocking layer 8 plays a water-blocking role. The water-blocking layer 8 is preferably made of foam tape, and then installed on the laminate 2 through the foam tape. Then, a protective medium 9 covering the water-blocking layer 8 is arranged around the junction box 6 and between the laminate 2. The protective medium 9 plays a bonding role. The protective medium 9 is preferably made of silicone, which has good weather resistance.

[0089] In some embodiments, the junction box 6 is filled with a low permeability potting water-blocking glue, the permeability of which is less than 10 g / (m 2 ·day), optionally, water permeability ≤5g / (m 2 ·day), preferably a two-component fast-curing adhesive with a viscosity of less than 8000mPa·s.

[0090] In some embodiments, after the laminate 2 is completed, during the process of installing the junction box 6, a low permeability potting water-blocking glue can be added to the back lead-out hole 22, with a water permeability of less than 10g / (m 2 ·day), optionally, water permeability ≤5g / (m 2 ·day), preferably a two-component fast-setting glue with a viscosity of less than 8000mPa·s, to seal the back glass or back panel lead-out hole 22 to reduce water permeability.

[0091] In the above embodiment, the existing packaging method between the frame 1 and the laminate 2, the bus bar 21 and the laminate 2, and the junction box 6 and the laminate 2 is optimized to solve the problem of easy water penetration around the component, the back, and the junction box 6, thereby improving the reliability of the component.

[0092] The optimization of the existing packaging method between the frame 1 and the laminate 2 in the above embodiment is simple to implement, does not require or only requires the addition of a small amount of processing equipment, such as tape sticking equipment, etc., has low cost and is easy to upgrade the production line.

[0093] In summary, the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages:

[0094] (1) The photovoltaic module of the present application uses a packaging material with low water permeability and low moisture absorption rate to bond and seal the laminate 2 and the frame 1. The packaging material can block the intrusion of water vapor through the substrate body, reduce the risk of hydrolysis of the bonding interface, and thus reduce the probability of separation at the bonding point, increase the interaction force between the frame 1, the laminate 2 and the packaging material, and is not easy to fall off after aging;

[0095] (2) The photovoltaic module of the present application optimizes the existing packaging method and provides a variety of packaging forms that are combined with various materials and structures, with more diverse choices, and the most suitable solution can be selected according to factors such as the use environment, customer needs, process compatibility, implementation difficulty, and installation cost;

[0096] (3) The photovoltaic module of the present application optimizes the existing packaging method, and optimizes the packaging of water-permeable locations such as the periphery and back of the module and the junction box 6, thereby reducing the probability of water vapor intrusion and improving the reliability of the module.

[0097] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising a frame and a laminate, wherein the frame is provided with a mounting groove at least suitable for accommodating an edge of the laminate, characterized in that: A filling layer and a protective layer are arranged in the installation groove. The filling layer and the protective layer are covered and stacked to fill between the frame and the laminate, and the edge of the laminate is restricted in the installation groove. At least one of the filling layer and the protective layer is waterproof.

2. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least part of the filling layer is in contact with and bonded to the frame, and at least part of the filling layer is in contact with and bonded to the laminate; The protective layer is embedded between part of the filling layer and the frame, and is bonded to the filling layer and the frame, and / or the protective layer is embedded between part of the filling layer and the laminate, and is bonded to the filling layer and the laminate; At least one of the filling layer and the protective layer is adapted for cushioning.

3. A photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective layer half-wraps or fully wraps to cover the edge of the laminate, and at least a portion of the filling layer is in contact with the laminate outside the protective layer.

4. A photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective layer fully covers the edge of the laminate, and the width of the protective layer covering the upper surface and the lower surface of the laminate is smaller than the depth of the laminate embedded in the filling layer.

5. A photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective layer is laid on a portion of the inner wall of the installation groove, and at least a portion of the filling layer is in contact with the frame outside the protective layer.

6. A photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two protective layers, one of which is disposed on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove opposite to the upper surface of the laminate, and the other protective layer is disposed on at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove opposite to the lower surface of the laminate.

7. A photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The filling layer includes water-blocking glue or silica gel, and the protective layer includes foam tape, metal film tape, non-metal film tape or composite film tape.

8. A photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: At least a portion of the surface in the installation groove that contacts the filling layer and / or the protective layer is configured as an uneven surface.

9. A photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A junction box is arranged on the laminate, a water-blocking medium is arranged around the junction box and between the laminate, or a water-blocking layer is bonded between the junction box and the laminate, and a protective medium covering the water-blocking layer is arranged around the junction box and between the laminate.

10. A photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that: A water-blocking gasket is laminated and placed inside the laminate at the busbar lead-out position, and a lead-out hole connected to the busbar lead-out position is provided on the laminate, and water-blocking glue is filled in the lead-out hole; water-blocking glue is filled in the lead-out hole in the junction box.

11. A photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edge of the laminate has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the laminate, and an end surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, the mounting groove has a bottom wall and an opening opposite to the bottom wall in the depth direction of the mounting groove, and the end surface is spaced apart and opposite to the bottom wall; at least part of the protective layer is bonded to at least one of the first side surface, the second side surface and the end surface, and the bonding area of ​​the filling layer on the laminate is close to the opening relative to the bonding area of ​​the protective layer on the laminate.

12. A photovoltaic module according to claim 11, characterized in that: At least part of the protective layer is bonded to the first side, the second side and the end face, the filling layer is coated on the outside of the protective layer on the laminate, and part of the filling layer is located on the side of the protective layer close to the opening and is bonded to the first side and the second side.

13. A photovoltaic module according to claim 12, characterized in that: The mounting groove has a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall opposite to each other, the first inner side wall is opposite to the first side face at an interval, the second inner side wall is opposite to the second side face at an interval, the first inner side wall and the second inner side wall are both paved with the protective layer, the filling layer is filled between the protective layer on the first inner side wall and the protective layer on the first side face, and the filling layer is filled between the protective layer on the second inner side wall and the protective layer on the second side face.

14. A photovoltaic module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The mounting groove has a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall opposite to each other, the first inner side wall is opposite to the first side face at an interval, the second inner side wall is opposite to the second side face at an interval, the first side face and the second side face are both bonded with the protective layer, the space between the protective layer on the first side face and the first inner side wall is filled with the filling layer, the space between the protective layer on the second side face and the second inner side wall is filled with the filling layer, and the space between the bottom wall and the end face is filled with the filling layer.

15. A photovoltaic module according to claim 11, characterized in that: The mounting groove has a first inner side wall and a second inner side wall opposite to each other, the first inner side wall is spaced apart from the first side surface, and the second inner side wall is spaced apart from the second side surface; the space between the bottom wall and the end surface is filled with the protective layer, and the space between the first side surface and the first inner side wall and the space between the second side surface and the second inner side wall are both filled with the filling layer.

16. A photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edge of the laminate has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the laminate and an end surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, and the mounting groove has a bottom wall opposite to the end surface; the filling layer is coated on the first side surface, the second side surface and the end surface of the laminate and is bonded to the bottom wall, and the protective layer is arranged between the filling layer and the first side surface and between the filling layer and the second side surface.

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