Soft rock tunnel entering supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction, and discloses a soft rock tunnel entering supporting structure which comprises two cover arches, the interiors of the two cover arches are connected with I-shaped steel through steel bars, the two I-shaped steel are welded through connecting ribs, bottom dies are arranged on the inner walls of the two cover arches, and a steel arch frame is arranged below the bottom dies; the cover arches are started to be constructed and installed after excavation of the side slope and the front slope is completed, the cover arches are made of concrete materials, the I-shaped steel is welded in the cover arches through the steel bars, the I-shaped steel is welded through the connecting ribs, and therefore fixed connection between the cover arches is completed, and the sealing space is formed between the bottom die and the cover arches; the top of the cover arch is not provided with an outer mold and serves as a pouring window, the outer molds are installed one by one along with the concrete pouring progress till pouring is completed, the multiple sets of transverse rods and vertical rods are welded to one another, and therefore the bottom mold can be externally supported, displacement and sliding of a tunnel portal slope are effectively prevented, and it is ensured that a tunnel enters a hole safely.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a soft rock tunnel entry support structure. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is a passage dug out of an existing building or earth-rock structure. It is an engineering structure buried in the ground and a form of human use of underground space. Tunnels can be divided into traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, and mining tunnels. The tunnel conference held by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in 1970 combined various factors and defined a tunnel as a cavern with a cross-sectional area greater than 2 square meters that is built for a certain purpose and in any way under the ground with a specified shape and size.

[0003] With the deepening of the practice of the "Two Mountains" theory and the strengthening of environmental protection concepts, the "zero excavation" entry technology is increasingly used in highway tunnel construction. This technology can minimize the damage to vegetation, meet the construction principle of "early entry and late exit" of the tunnel, and achieve environmental protection, beautiful and safe effects. However, under low and gentle slope terrain conditions, especially when the slope foot height is lower than the top height of the arch, conventional tunnel entry construction generally requires first excavating the slope to form a certain height of the back slope and reinforce it, and then construct the arch and pipe shed close to the slope. Therefore, in this complex environment and low and gentle slope terrain conditions, a zero excavation entry construction method is needed to solve the low and gentle slope terrain and the slope foot height is lower than the top of the arch, but the arch cannot completely stick to the slope. When encountering heavy rain, the open trough slope and side slope of the tunnel entrance will displace and slide. If emergency measures are not taken, it will cause large-scale collapse of the open trough mountain, making it difficult to ensure the safe entry of the tunnel. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the sleeve arch cannot completely adhere to the slope surface, when encountering heavy rain, the slope and side slope of the open channel at the tunnel entrance will be displaced and slide down. If emergency measures are not taken, it will cause large-scale collapse of the open channel mountain, making it difficult to ensure safe entry into the tunnel, the present application provides a soft rock tunnel entry support structure.

[0005] The soft rock tunnel entry support structure provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A soft rock tunnel entrance support structure comprises a sleeve arch, wherein two sleeve arches are provided, the interiors of the two sleeve arches are connected with I-beams via steel bars, the two I-beams are welded via connecting bars, the inner walls of the two sleeve arches are provided with bottom molds, and a steel arch frame is provided below the bottom molds.

[0007] Preferably, the connecting ribs are provided in plurality and are evenly distributed in a semicircular shape.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom mold is spliced ​​into an arch shape using wooden molds, and the outer arc surface of the bottom mold is respectively tied to each connecting rib through steel bars.

[0009] Preferably, the steel arch frame includes a cross bar and a vertical bar, the cross bar and the vertical bar are welded to each other, a plurality of cross bars are provided, and they are vertically and horizontally distributed in parallel, and every two cross bars above and below are welded to each other through the vertical bar.

[0010] Preferably, the free ends of some of the cross bars and vertical bars are welded to the bottom mold through steel plates.

[0011] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0012] After the excavation of the side slope is completed, the construction and installation of the sleeve arch begins. The sleeve arch is made of concrete. The I-beam is welded inside the sleeve arch through steel bars, and the I-beam is welded through connecting ribs to complete the fixed connection between the sleeve arches, and a sealed space is formed between the bottom formwork and the sleeve arch. The top of the sleeve arch is not installed with an external formwork, which serves as a pouring window. As the concrete pouring progresses, the external formwork is installed piece by piece until the pouring is completed. By welding multiple sets of cross bars and vertical bars to each other, the bottom formwork can be supported externally, effectively preventing the displacement and sliding of the slope at the tunnel entrance, ensuring the safe entry of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural front view of an embodiment of the application;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a structural exploded diagram of an embodiment of the application;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve arch and I-beam of the embodiment of the application.

[0016] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. arch; 2. I-beam; 3. connecting rib; 4. vertical pole; 5. horizontal pole; 6. bottom mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 This application is described in further detail.

[0018] The present application embodiment discloses a soft rock tunnel entry support structure, referring to Figure 1-Figure 3, including a sleeve arch 1, wherein two sleeve arches 1 are provided, and the interiors of the two sleeve arches 1 are connected with I-beams 2 through steel bars, and the two I-beams 2 are welded through connecting ribs 3, and a plurality of connecting ribs 3 are provided, and are evenly distributed in a semicircle, and the inner walls of the two sleeve arches 1 are provided with bottom molds 6, and the bottom molds 6 are spliced ​​into an arch shape by wooden molds, and the outer arc surface of the bottom molds 6 is respectively tied to each connecting rib 3 through steel bars. After the side slope excavation is completed, the sleeve arch 1 is constructed and installed, and the sleeve arch 1 is made of concrete material, and the I-beams 2 are welded inside the sleeve arch 1 by steel bars, and the I-beams 2 are welded through the connecting ribs 3, so as to complete the fixed connection between the sleeve arches 1, and form a sealed space between the bottom molds 6 and the sleeve arch 1, and the top of the sleeve arch 1 is not installed with an external mold as a pouring window, and the external molds are installed piece by piece as the concrete pouring progresses until the pouring is completed.

[0019] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 A steel arch frame is provided under the bottom form 6. There are multiple groups of steel arch frames, which are horizontally and equidistantly distributed. Each group of steel arch frames includes a cross bar 5 and a vertical bar 4. The cross bar 5 and the vertical bar 4 are welded to each other. There are multiple cross bars 5, which are distributed in parallel up and down. Every two cross bars 5 above and below are welded to each other through the vertical bar 4. The free ends of some cross bars 5 and vertical bars 4 are welded to the bottom form 6 through steel plates. Through the mutual welding of multiple groups of cross bars 5 and vertical bars 4, the bottom form 6 can be supported externally, which effectively prevents the displacement and sliding of the slope of the tunnel entrance, ensuring the safe entry of the tunnel.

[0020] The implementation principle of a soft rock tunnel entry support structure in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: when in use, after the excavation of the side slope is completed, the construction and installation of the sleeve arch 1 is started. The sleeve arch 1 is made of concrete material. The I-beam 2 is welded inside the sleeve arch 1 through steel bars, and the I-beam 2 is welded through connecting ribs 3, so as to complete the fixed connection between the sleeve arches 1, and form a sealed space between the bottom mold 6 and the sleeve arch 1. No external mold is installed on the top of the sleeve arch 1, which serves as a pouring window. As the concrete pouring progresses, the external mold is installed piece by piece until the pouring is completed, and by welding multiple groups of cross bars 5 and vertical bars 4 to each other, the bottom mold 6 can be externally supported, effectively preventing the displacement and sliding of the tunnel entrance slope, ensuring the safe entry of the tunnel.

[0021] Finally, a few points should be explained: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, which may refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection, or internal communication between two components, or direct connection. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may change;

[0022] Secondly: In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present utility model, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present utility model are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other;

[0023] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A soft rock tunnel entrance support structure, comprising a sleeve arch (1), characterized in that: The two sleeve arches (1) are provided with two, the interiors of the two sleeve arches (1) are connected with I-beams (2) via steel bars, the two I-beams (2) are welded together via connecting bars (3), the inner walls of the two sleeve arches (1) are provided with bottom molds (6), and a steel arch frame is provided below the bottom molds (6).

2. A soft rock tunnel entry support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting ribs (3) are provided in plurality and are distributed equidistantly in a semicircular shape.

3. A soft rock tunnel entry support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom mold (6) is formed into an arch shape by splicing wooden molds, and the outer arc surface of the bottom mold (6) is respectively tied to each connecting rib (3) through steel bars.

4. The soft rock tunnel entry support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel arch frame comprises a crossbar (5) and a vertical bar (4), wherein the crossbar (5) and the vertical bar (4) are welded to each other, a plurality of crossbars (5) are provided, and the crossbars (5) are vertically and horizontally distributed in parallel, and each two crossbars (5) are welded to each other via the vertical bar (4).

5. A soft rock tunnel entry support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The free ends of some of the cross bars (5) and vertical bars (4) are welded to the bottom mold (6) via steel plates.

Images