Pre-splitting blast hole and pre-blasting protective belt using same

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pre-splitting blast hole and a pre-blasting protective belt using the same, the pre-splitting blast hole comprises a hole body, a blasting explosive cartridge and a blasting fuse, the blasting explosive cartridge is wound on the blasting fuse, and the blasting explosive cartridge and the blasting fuse are arranged in the hole body together; the diameter of the hole body is larger than that of a blasting explosive cartridge, and a gap is formed in the hole body. The blasting fuse is divided into three sections, namely a weakening charging section, a normal charging section and a reinforcing charging section according to the line charging density from small to large, the reinforcing charging section is located at the bottom of the hole body, the weakening charging section is located on the upper portion of the hole body, and the normal charging section is located between the weakening charging section and the reinforcing charging section. The pre-splitting blast hole is formed in the periphery of the blast ground, the pre-splitting blast hole can provide a physical isolation effect for main blasting after blasting is finished, and the situation that shock waves of the main blasting affect the area outside the pre-splitting blast hole is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of blasting, in particular to a pre-splitting blasting hole and a pre-blasting protective belt using the same. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy, a large number of old industrial facilities need to be rebuilt and renovated, so blasting technology has been more and more widely used. Blasting refers to the process of using explosive energy to destroy objects or structures.

[0003] The blasting method currently used generally sets up multiple blasting holes at the target blasting site, fills the blasting holes with explosives and ignites them. After the explosives are ignited, a violent chemical reaction will occur in the blasting hole, which will produce a large amount of high-temperature gas and a high-pressure shock wave. In the early stage, the energy generated by the explosion will accumulate in the blasting hole. When the accumulated energy reaches the limit, an explosion will occur. The energy is then released rapidly, and the energy released by the explosion will form a shock wave, which is a compression wave of high-speed gas. The shock wave will propagate rapidly and has high pressure and high speed, which can cause serious damage to surrounding objects and structures. Therefore, under the action of the shock wave, the stone, concrete and other solid materials around the blasting hole will be affected.

[0004] Since the traditional blasting method does not limit the explosion range, it is also impossible to effectively limit the scope of the explosion. Therefore, it cannot be applied to situations where there are facilities that need to be protected around the blasting site. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a pre-splitting blasting hole, which is arranged around a blasting site and can provide a physical isolation effect for a main blasting after the blasting of the pre-splitting blasting hole is completed, so as to prevent the shock wave of the main blasting from affecting the area outside the pre-splitting blasting hole.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the utility model provides a pre-splitting blasting hole, which comprises a hole body, a blasting explosive roll and a fuse, wherein the blasting explosive roll is wound around the fuse and is placed in the hole body together with the fuse;

[0007] The diameter of the hole body is larger than the diameter of the blasting explosive roll, and there is a gap in the hole body;

[0008] The fuse is divided into three sections in the order of the first charge density from small to large: a weakened charge section, a normal charge section, and a reinforced charge section. The reinforced charge section is located at the bottom of the hole body, the weakened charge section is located at the upper part of the hole body, and the normal charge section is located between the weakened charge section and the reinforced charge section.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of blasting explosive rolls are provided, and the plurality of blasting explosive rolls are fixed at intervals in the height direction of the fuse, and a gap is provided between two adjacent blasting explosive rolls.

[0010] Preferably, the linear charge density of the normal charge section is set to Q1, 0.3kg / m≤Q1≤0.7kg / m.

[0011] Preferably, the linear charge density of the weakened charge section is set to Q2, 1 / 3Q1≤Q2≤1 / 2Q1.

[0012] Preferably, the linear charge density of the reinforced charge section is set to Q3, 3Q1≤Q3≤5Q1.

[0013] Preferably, a blocking section is provided at the top of the hole body, and the blocking section is used to seal the opening of the hole body.

[0014] Preferably, the blocking section is located above the weakened charge section.

[0015] Preferably, the diameter of the hole body is D, the length of the blocking section is L, and L=1.5D.

[0016] The utility model also provides a pre-blasting protection belt using the pre-splitting blasting holes, wherein the pre-splitting blasting protection belt comprises a plurality of the pre-splitting blasting holes, the plurality of the pre-splitting blasting holes are arranged along the edge of the blasting area, and the pre-splitting blasting protection belt forms an isolation belt after blasting.

[0017] Preferably, the plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes are arranged at intervals, and the distance between two adjacent pre-splitting blasting holes is set to 2.5-3 m.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, the fuse of the utility model ignites the blasting explosive roll to generate explosive energy to destroy the surrounding stone or concrete structure. Since the diameter of the hole body is larger than the diameter of the blasting explosive roll, there is a certain gap in the hole body, which is filled with air and can buffer the impact energy generated by the explosion. Specifically, the energy generated by the explosion of the blasting explosive roll will first vibrate the air in the hole body, and the air will absorb part of the explosion energy during the vibration process, so that the damage of the blasting explosive roll to the stone or concrete structure around the hole body is reduced.

[0019] Therefore, after the blasting of the explosive roll, it will first be buffered by the air of the hole body. In addition, by controlling the amount of explosives placed in the pre-splitting blasting hole, the scope of blasting damage can be effectively controlled, and multiple pre-splitting blasting holes can be used in combination. For example, multiple pre-splitting blasting holes are distributed along the cordon. By detonating the multiple pre-splitting blasting holes, a blasted isolation belt is formed along the cordon. The area inside the isolation belt is the area that needs to be blasted, and the area outside the isolation belt is the area that needs to be protected. The isolation belt can block the vibration generated by the subsequent detonation of the main blasting hole. Therefore, after detonating the multiple pre-splitting blasting holes, the main blasting is carried out in the cordon, then the isolation belt can be used as a buffer area. The isolation belt realizes the physical separation of the solids on both sides of the isolation belt, and the isolation belt is filled with air, so that the shock wave of the main blasting in the cordon cannot effectively transmit vibration to the outside after reaching the isolation belt position, and the air in the isolation belt can also effectively absorb the vibration energy, thereby avoiding the main blasting in the cordon to cause large-scale damage and affect the area that needs to be protected.

[0020] In order to further control the number of blasting explosive rolls filled in the hole body, avoid excessive blasting explosive rolls, which will cause a large shock wave to be generated when the pre-splitting blasting hole explodes and affect the area to be protected, therefore, according to actual needs, a reinforced charging section is set at the bottom of the hole body, and the reinforced charging section contains more blasting explosive rolls. Because the bottom of the hole body is subject to a large clamping effect, by setting more explosives, the stones at the bottom of the hole body can also be exploded, so that the bottom of the pre-splitting blasting hole can also effectively physically isolate the shock wave. The normal charging section can be set with normal blasting explosive rolls, with the purpose of splitting the stones around the hole body. The weakened charging section is located at the upper part of the hole, and the least blasting explosive rolls are set at this position, because the opening of the pre-splitting blasting hole is most likely to be split. Therefore, setting a small amount of explosives can achieve the purpose of splitting the stones around the hole body, and setting less explosives in the weakened charging section can also avoid punching in the pre-splitting blasting hole to avoid wasting explosives.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pre-splitting blasting hole;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a distribution diagram of the pre-blasting protection zone.

[0025] Description of Reference Numerals

[0026] 1 hole body 2 blasting explosive rolls

[0027] 3 fuse 4 blocking section

[0028] 5 openings 10 pre-splitting blasting holes

[0029] 6 Weakened charge section 7 Normal charge section

[0030] 8 Strengthened charging section 30 main blast hole DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional words contained in terms such as "inside, bottom, top, between, adjacent, above" merely represent the orientation of the term in normal use, or are common names understood by those skilled in the art, and should not be regarded as limitations on the term.

[0033] See also Figure 1 The pre-splitting blasting hole 10 comprises a hole body 1, a blasting explosive roll 2 and a fuse 3, wherein the blasting explosive roll 2 is wound around the fuse 3 and is placed in the hole body 1 together with the fuse 3;

[0034] The diameter of the hole body 1 is larger than the diameter of the blasting explosive roll 2, and there is a gap in the hole body 1;

[0035] The fuse 3 is divided into three sections in the order of linear charge density from small to large: a weakened charge section 6, a normal charge section 7, and a reinforced charge section 8. The reinforced charge section 8 is located at the bottom of the hole body 1, the weakened charge section 6 is located at the upper part of the hole body 1, and the normal charge section 7 is located between the weakened charge section 6 and the reinforced charge section 8.

[0036] By implementing the above technical solution, the fuse 3 ignites the blasting explosive roll 2 to generate explosive energy to destroy the surrounding stone or concrete structure. Since the diameter of the hole body 1 is larger than the diameter of the blasting explosive roll 2, there is a certain gap in the hole body 1, which is filled with air and can buffer the impact energy generated by the explosion. Specifically, the energy generated by the explosion of the blasting explosive roll 2 will first vibrate the air in the hole body 1, and the air will absorb part of the explosion energy during the vibration process, so that the blasting explosive roll 2 reduces the damage to the solid such as stone or concrete structure around the hole body 1.

[0037] Therefore, after blasting the explosive roll 2, it will first be buffered by the air of the hole body 1. In addition, by controlling the amount of explosives placed in the pre-splitting blasting hole 10, the scope of blasting damage can be effectively controlled, and multiple pre-splitting blasting holes 10 can be used in combination. By detonating the multiple pre-splitting blasting holes 10, a blasted isolation belt is obtained. One side of the isolation belt is the area that needs to be blasted, and the other side of the isolation belt is the area that needs to be protected. The isolation belt can block the vibration generated by the subsequent detonation of the main blasting hole 30. Therefore, after detonating the multiple pre-splitting blasting holes 10, the main blasting is carried out on the area that needs to be blasted. Then, the isolation belt can be used as a buffer area. The isolation belt realizes the physical separation of the solids on both sides of the isolation belt, so that the shock wave of the main blasting in the warning line cannot effectively transmit vibration to the outside after reaching the isolation belt position, and the air in the isolation belt can also effectively absorb the vibration energy, thereby avoiding large-scale damage caused by the main blasting and affecting the area that needs to be protected.

[0038] In order to further control the number of blasting explosive rolls 2 filled in the hole body 1, and avoid excessive filling of blasting explosive rolls 2, which will cause a large shock wave to be generated when the pre-splitting blasting hole 10 explodes and affect the area to be protected, therefore, according to actual needs, a reinforced charging section 8 is set at the bottom of the hole body 1, and the reinforced charging section 8 contains more blasting explosive rolls 2. Because the bottom of the hole body 1 is subject to a large clamping effect, by setting more explosives, the stones at the bottom of the hole body 1 can also be exploded, so that the bottom of the pre-splitting blasting hole 1 can also effectively physically isolate the shock wave. The normal charging section 7 can be set with a normal blasting explosive roll 2, so as to be able to split the stones around the hole body 1. The weakened charge section 6 is located at the upper part of the hole, and the least blasting explosive roll 2 is set at this position, because the vicinity of the opening 5 of the pre-splitting blasting hole 10 is most easily split. Therefore, setting a small amount of explosives can achieve the purpose of splitting the stone around the hole body 1. In addition, setting less explosives in the weakened charge section 6 can also avoid punching of the pre-splitting blasting hole 10, thereby avoiding waste of explosives.

[0039] In this embodiment, preferably, a plurality of blasting explosive rolls 2 are provided, and the plurality of blasting explosive rolls 2 are fixed at intervals in the height direction of the fuse 3 , and a gap is provided between two adjacent blasting explosive rolls 2 .

[0040] A gap is set between two adjacent blasting explosive rolls 2, so that there are more gaps in the hole body 1. On the one hand, this gap setting can reduce the amount of explosives filled in the hole body 1, so that after detonating the blasting explosive roll 2, the explosion energy will not be too large, avoiding affecting the area that needs to be protected. On the other hand, the air filled in the gap can also play a buffering role between the two adjacent blasting explosive rolls 2, and the explosion energy can be further controlled.

[0041] By adjusting the size of the interval between two adjacent blasting explosive rolls 2, the distribution amount of the blasting explosive rolls 2 at this position can also be adjusted. The interval between two adjacent blasting explosive rolls 2 in the weakened charge section 6 can be set larger or more, so as to achieve the purpose of filling less explosives in the weakened charge section 6; similarly, the interval between two adjacent blasting explosive rolls 2 in the strengthened charge section 8 can be set smaller, or even no interval between two adjacent blasting explosive rolls 2 is set, so that more explosives can be set in the strengthened charge section 8, thereby obtaining a more reliable blasting effect on the bottom of the hole body 1.

[0042] In this embodiment, preferably, the linear charge density of the normal charge section 7 is set to Q1, 0.3 kg / m≤Q1≤0.7 kg / m.

[0043] The specific value of the linear charge density Q1 of the normal charge section 7 is set according to the material of the solid around the hole body 1. According to experience, Q1 can usually be set to 0.3-0.7 kg / m.

[0044] In this embodiment, preferably, the linear charge density of the weakened charge section 6 is set to Q2, 1 / 3Q1≤Q2≤1 / 2Q1.

[0045] In this embodiment, preferably, the linear charge density of the reinforced charge section 8 is set to Q3, 3Q1≤Q3≤5Q1.

[0046] In this embodiment, preferably, a plugging section 4 is provided at the top of the well body 1 , and the plugging section 4 is used to seal the opening 5 of the well body 1 .

[0047] The plugging section 4 is used to block the opening 5 of the hole body 1, so that after the blasting explosive roll 2 is detonated, the explosion energy will not spread outward from the opening 5, thereby focusing the explosion energy to blast the solid around the hole body 1, effectively forming an isolation zone.

[0048] In this embodiment, preferably, the blocking section 4 is located above the weakened charge section 6 .

[0049] The plugging section 4 does not contain the blasting explosive roll 2, but only seals the hole body 1, thereby maximizing the effect of the explosion.

[0050] One implementation method is to use taphole mud to seal the opening 5. Specifically, the operator fills the taphole mud into the opening 5 of the hole body 1 until the opening 5 is sealed.

[0051] In this embodiment, preferably, the diameter of the hole body 1 is D, the length of the blocking section 4 is L, and L=1.5D.

[0052] When L=1.5D, the sealing effect of the plugging section 4 on the hole body 1 is the most reliable. Moreover, when L=1.5D, the explosive power of the weakened charge section 6 can still cover the opening 5, so that the solid around the opening 5 is split.

[0053] Specifically, when the blasting explosive rolls 2 are actually filled, the distance from the top blasting explosive roll 2 to the opening 5 can be measured, and it can be ensured that the distance is not less than L. When the gun mud is actually filled, the operator presses the gun mud so that the first gun mud filled contacts or is slightly higher than the top blasting explosive roll 2, thereby ensuring the depth of the blocking section 4 and avoiding punching during the explosion.

[0054] See also Figure 2 A pre-blasting protection belt using pre-splitting blasting holes 10 is shown. The pre-blasting protection belt comprises a plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes 10. The plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes 10 are arranged along the edge of the blasting area. After the pre-blasting protection belt is blasted, an isolation belt is formed.

[0055] A plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes 10 are arranged along the edge of the blasting area to isolate the area outside the blasting area that needs to be protected. After the blasting of the plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes 10 is completed, an isolation belt will be formed, and the isolation belt is distributed along the pre-blasting protection belt. Since the solid in the pre-blasting protection belt has been blasted by the pre-splitting blasting holes 10, the two sides of the pre-blasting protection belt cannot effectively transmit vibration through the rigid connection of the solid. Therefore, when the main blasting hole 30 located on one side of the pre-blasting protection belt is detonated, the shock wave generated by the explosion cannot be effectively transmitted to the other side of the pre-blasting protection belt, thereby realizing the protection of the buildings or mountains on the other side of the pre-blasting protection belt.

[0056] In this embodiment, preferably, a plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes 10 are arranged at intervals, and the distance between two adjacent pre-splitting blasting holes 10 is set to 2.5-3 m.

[0057] When the distance between two adjacent pre-splitting blasting holes 10 is less than 2.5 m, when the pre-splitting blasting holes 10 are blasted, the shock waves of the explosions of the two adjacent pre-splitting blasting holes 10 will overlap with each other and may be transmitted to both sides of the pre-blasting protection zone, that is, they may cause damage to the buildings or mountains that need to be protected.

[0058] When the distance between two adjacent pre-splitting blasting holes 10 is greater than 3m, after the two adjacent pre-splitting blasting holes 10 explode, there may be unblasted solids in the middle. After the subsequent main blasting hole 30 explodes, the energy generated by the explosion will be transmitted from the rigid connection to the other side of the pre-blasting protection zone, causing damage to the buildings or mountains that need to be protected.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present utility model will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0061] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-splitting blasting hole (10), characterized in that: The pre-splitting blasting hole (10) comprises a hole body (1), a blasting explosive roll (2) and a fuse (3), wherein the blasting explosive roll (2) is wound around the fuse (3) and is placed together with the fuse (3) in the hole body (1); The diameter of the hole body (1) is larger than the diameter of the blasting explosive roll (2), and there is a gap in the hole body (1); The fuse (3) is divided into three sections in the order of linear charge density from small to large: a weakened charge section (6), a normal charge section (7), and a reinforced charge section (8); the reinforced charge section (8) is located at the bottom of the hole body (1), the weakened charge section (6) is located at the upper part of the hole body (1), and the normal charge section (7) is located between the weakened charge section (6) and the reinforced charge section (8).

2. The pre-splitting blasting hole (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of blasting explosive rolls (2) are provided, and the plurality of blasting explosive rolls (2) are fixed at intervals in the height direction of the fuse (3), and a gap is provided between two adjacent blasting explosive rolls (2).

3. The pre-splitting blasting hole (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linear charge density of the normal charge section (7) is set to Q1, 0.3kg / m≤Q1≤0.7kg / m.

4. The pre-splitting blasting hole (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linear charge density of the weakened charge section (6) is set to Q2, 1 / 3Q1≤Q2≤1 / 2Q1.

5. The pre-splitting blasting hole (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linear charge density of the reinforced charge section (8) is set to Q3, 3Q1≤Q3≤5Q1.

6. The pre-splitting blasting hole (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blocking section (4) is provided at the top of the hole body (1), and the blocking section (4) is used to seal the opening (5) of the hole body (1).

7. The pre-splitting blasting hole (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blocking section (4) is located above the weakened charge section (6).

8. The pre-splitting blasting hole (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the hole body (1) is D, the length of the blocking section (4) is L, and L=1.5D.

9. A pre-blasting protection belt using the pre-splitting blasting hole (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The pre-blasting protection zone comprises a plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes (10), the plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes (10) are arranged along the edge of the blasting area, and the pre-blasting protection zone forms an isolation zone after blasting.

10. The pre-detonation protection belt according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of pre-splitting blasting holes (10) are arranged at intervals, and the distance between two adjacent pre-splitting blasting holes (10) is set to 2.5-3 m.

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