Glass atomic gas chamber

Abstract

The utility model relates to a glass atomic air chamber which comprises a square air chamber framework which is made of a glass tube, the outer wall of the glass tube is cut after being subjected to four-side grinding, a cylindrical inner cavity is formed in the square air chamber framework, and a filling hole communicated with the inner cavity is formed in one outer wall face of the square air chamber framework. The glass tube is adopted as a raw material, the outer wall of the glass tube is cut to form the square air chamber framework after being subjected to four-side grinding, the degree of finish of the circular inner cavity of the glass tube is high, inner cavity polishing treatment does not need to be carried out, the perpendicularity of the formed adjacent faces and the parallelism of the formed opposite faces are high, and the light window glass sheets are bonded to the two end faces of the square air chamber framework. The formed optical window is high in light transmittance, the two end faces of the square air chamber framework are polished, the perpendicularity and parallelism of the two end faces are improved, the perpendicularity and parallelism of the bonded optical window glass are high, and the formed optical window is high in light transmittance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of atomic gas chambers, in particular to a glass atomic gas chamber. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of quantum technology and atomic physics, alkali metal atomic gas cells are key core components for manufacturing magnetometers, atomic clocks, atomic gyroscopes, and laser frequency stabilization. At present, the preparation processes of atomic gas cells include glass shell welding, glass sintering, MEMS etching, bonding technology, etc., usually using the etching of atomic gas cells, or a single gas cell for six glass plates splicing and bonding assembly. It has many joint surfaces and low overall structural strength, low manufacturing efficiency, low processing accuracy, unstable quality, and high manufacturing cost, which are not suitable for industrial production. In particular, the atomic gas cell has extremely high requirements on the parallelism and verticality of the two glass sheets as optical windows, which is also the technical bottleneck of the gas cell produced by the existing process in the preparation of atomic gas cells.

[0003] Chinese patent CN114216518B discloses a method of forming an inner cavity of an atomic gas chamber with one end not closed by pressing a concave cavity formed by a male mold on a softened glass plate. However, there are technical bottlenecks in improving the finish of the inner cavity of the atomic gas chamber. The polishing technology of the inner cavity of the atomic gas chamber is difficult, the yield is low, and the process is complicated.

[0004] The inner wall of the circular glass tube manufactured by the blowing or drawing method is highly smooth, but the outer wall of the circular glass tube will produce diffuse reflection of the laser beam irradiated by the atomic gas chamber, which is not suitable for making lateral optical windows. In addition, it is technically difficult to open a filling hole on the curved outer wall, which is prone to cracking and has a low yield rate. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the technical problems in the background technology, the utility model provides a glass atomic gas chamber.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0007] A glass atomic gas chamber comprises a square gas chamber frame which is cut after grinding the outer wall of a glass tube as a raw material on four sides. A cylindrical inner cavity is formed in the square gas chamber frame. A filling hole connected to the inner cavity is provided on an outer wall surface of the square gas chamber frame. Light window glass sheets are bonded to the two end surfaces of the square gas chamber frame to close the inner cavity. A filling tube is connected to the filling hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the square air chamber skeleton is a cube or a cuboid, and a multi-purpose atomic gas chamber, such as a Rydberg gas chamber, can be manufactured. The rectangular square air chamber skeleton has a filling hole that is not at the midpoint, and the atomic gas chamber can form optical windows in more than two directions to achieve multi-beam orthogonal irradiation.

[0009] Furthermore, the two end faces of the square air chamber skeleton are polished to improve the verticality and parallelism of the two end faces, the bonded optical window glass sheets have high verticality and parallelism, and the formed optical window has high light transmittance.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall surfaces relative to each other of the square air chamber skeleton are symmetrically provided with lateral optical windows connected to the inner cavity; the lateral optical windows are respectively bonded with light window glass sheets to seal the inner cavity, thereby forming an air chamber with optical windows in more than two directions with high light transmittance, thereby realizing multi-directional vertical orthogonal irradiation of atoms.

[0011] Furthermore, the four outer walls of the square air chamber frame are polished to improve the verticality and parallelism of the relative surfaces, the bonded optical window glass sheets have high verticality and parallelism, and the formed optical window has high light transmittance.

[0012] Furthermore, the material of the optical window glass sheet is sapphire glass, which has extremely high light transmittance, especially high transmittance to terahertz electromagnetic waves. High borosilicate glass, quartz glass, silicon glass, zinc sulfide glass and other materials can also be used to make infrared observation windows, ultraviolet observation windows, laser observation windows and other uses.

[0013] Furthermore, the square air chamber frame is made of a glass tube manufactured by a blowing method or a drawing method, and uses mature products of existing technologies as raw materials, which greatly reduces product costs and improves reliability.

[0014] The utility model has the following beneficial effects: a square air chamber frame is formed by grinding the outer wall of a glass tube as a raw material and then cutting the outer wall thereof on four sides; the cylindrical inner cavity of the glass tube forms an optical channel, which has high smoothness and does not need to be polished; the adjacent outer wall surfaces formed by grinding and cutting have high verticality and high parallelism of the opposite surfaces at both ends, and the optical window formed has high light transmittance. The two end surfaces of the square air chamber frame are polished to improve the verticality and parallelism of the two end surfaces, and the bonded light window glass pieces have high verticality and parallelism, and the optical window formed has high light transmittance.

[0015] The outer wall surfaces opposite to the square air chamber frame are symmetrically provided with lateral optical windows connected to the inner cavity; the lateral optical windows are respectively bonded with light window glass sheets to seal the inner cavity, thus forming an air chamber with optical windows in more than two directions with high light transmittance, thereby realizing multi-directional vertical orthogonal irradiation of atoms.

[0016] The square air chamber frame formed by cutting the glass tube has high structural strength, with only two ends as joint surfaces, good sealing, and the air chamber can withstand higher positive and negative pressures, and can be used in atomic air chambers with high-level technical requirements.

[0017] The atomic gas chamber optical window has high parallel precision, good stability and consistency of product quality, low manufacturing cost, reliable structure, and is suitable for industrial-scale production. The utility model can be applied to various square and rectangular atomic gas chambers with a size of 1*1*1mm and above, and can be widely used in the technical fields of alkali metal atomic gas chambers, Rydberg terahertz systems, quantum antenna arrays, magnetometers and various quantum sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the glass tube raw material of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the glass tube of the utility model after the four sides are ground;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the square air chamber skeleton structure of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the atomic gas chamber structure of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circular lateral optical window in a square air chamber skeleton structure of Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circular lateral optical window after being closed in Example 2 of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elliptical lateral optical window provided on a square air chamber frame in Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the elliptical lateral optical window after being closed according to Example 2 of the utility model;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the square air chamber skeleton structure after cutting in Example 3 of the utility model;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the atomic gas chamber after closure in Example 3 of the utility model.

[0028] Parts and numbers in the picture:

[0029] 1- glass tube; 2- filling hole; 3- square air chamber frame; 4- filling tube; 5- light window glass sheet; 6- lateral optical window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following embodiments are used to illustrate a glass atomic gas cell of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of protection.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A glass atomic gas chamber, comprising a square gas chamber frame 3 made of a glass tube as a raw material, the outer wall of which is ground on four sides and then cut into a square gas chamber frame 3, wherein a cylindrical inner cavity is formed in the square gas chamber frame 3, a filling hole 2 communicating with the inner cavity is provided on an outer wall surface of the square gas chamber frame 3, light window glass sheets 5 are bonded to the two end surfaces of the square gas chamber frame 3 to close the inner cavity, and a filling pipe 4 is connected to the filling hole 2, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0033] A. Glass tube grinding: Use a high borosilicate glass tube with a suitable inner diameter and wall thickness to grind the outer wall of the glass tube 1 on four sides, and grind the outer wall of the round glass tube 1 into a square; then polish the four grinding surfaces;

[0034] B. Opening filling holes: Opening a plurality of filling holes 2 communicating with the inner cavity on an outer wall surface of the glass tube 1 ground into a square shape, such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0035] C. Cutting the unit: Cut the square glass tube 1 into a square air chamber frame 3. In this embodiment, the glass tube 1 is cut into a cube. The cut surfaces at both ends are polished. Figure 3 As shown;

[0036] D. Bonding and sealing: bonding the cut surfaces at both ends of the square air chamber skeleton 3 to the light window glass sheets 5 to seal the air chamber, thus completing the preparation of the square atomic air chamber. In this embodiment, the light window glass sheets 5 at both ends are optical windows, and the light window glass sheets 5 are bonded to seal the air chamber;

[0037] E. The square atomic gas chamber prepared in step D is connected to the filling hole 2 with a filling pipe 4 for filling alkali metal atoms, such as Figure 4 As shown, the finished product of the atomic gas chamber is prepared.

[0038] In this embodiment, in step A, before four-side grinding, the outer wall of the glass tube 1 is first ground using a centerless grinder to improve the concentricity of the inner wall and the outer wall of the glass tube 1, thereby improving the yield rate of four-side grinding and the processing accuracy and quality of the atomic gas chamber product.

[0039] In this embodiment, the grinding surfaces of the four-sided grinding of the outer wall of the glass tube 1 are parallel to the axis of the glass tube 1, and adjacent grinding surfaces are perpendicular to each other, thereby improving the laser beam transmission effect of the finished alkali metal atom gas chamber.

[0040] In the step C, the cutting surface of the square glass tube 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the glass tube 1. The light window glass sheet 5 has high parallelism, which enables vertical irradiation of the laser beam and improves light transmittance.

[0041] The glass tube of this embodiment is manufactured by a blowing method or a drawing method, and its circular inner cavity has a high degree of smoothness and does not need to be polished, which greatly reduces the processing cost and ensures the high light transmittance of the atomic gas chamber.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The multi-directional optical window atomic gas cell uses a glass tube as a raw material and is prepared by grinding and cutting processes to form a square atomic gas cell. The specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0044] A. Glass tube grinding: Figure 1 As shown, the outer wall of the glass tube 1 is firstly ground by a centerless grinder to improve the concentricity between the inner wall and the outer wall of the glass tube 1, and the outer wall of the glass tube 1 is ground on four sides to grind the outer wall of the circular glass tube 1 into a square;

[0045] B. A filling hole 2 communicating with the inner cavity is provided on an outer wall surface of the glass tube 1 ground into a square shape. Figure 2 As shown, lateral optical windows 6 communicating with the inner cavity are symmetrically provided on the opposite outer wall surfaces, as shown Figure 5 As shown;

[0046] C. Cutting the monomer: Cut the square glass tube 1 into a rectangular square air chamber frame 3, wherein the lateral optical window 6 is located in the middle of the cuboid, the filling hole 2 is close to one end, and the outer wall surface and the cut surfaces at both ends are polished;

[0047] D. Bonding and sealing: Bond the cut surfaces at both ends of the square air chamber frame 3 and the lateral optical windows 6 on the opposite side walls to the light window glass sheets 5 to seal the air chamber. Figure 6 shown.

[0048] In this embodiment, the lateral optical window 6 is preferably cut by laser or water jet cutting on the opposite side wall. The lateral optical window 6 is as follows: Figure 5 , 6 of a circle, or opening Figure 7 , 8 The elliptical, bonded optical window glass sheet 5 can be made of sapphire glass, which has extremely high transmittance, especially high transmittance to terahertz electromagnetic waves. The square monomer formed by cutting the glass tube 1 is used as an air chamber frame with high structural strength. The air chamber has strong bearing pressure and can prepare optical window air chambers in more than two directions with high transmittance, thereby realizing multi-directional vertical orthogonal irradiation of atoms.

[0049] E. The square atomic gas chamber prepared in step D is connected with a filling pipe 4 on the filling hole 2, such as Figure 6 As shown, the finished product of the atomic gas chamber is prepared.

[0050] In step D of this embodiment, the bonded light window glass sheet 5 is made of sapphire glass sheet, which has extremely high light transmittance, especially high transmittance to terahertz electromagnetic waves of the Rydberg atomic system.

[0051] This embodiment uses a mature and low-cost glass tube as a raw material, and forms a square air chamber skeleton 3 of the air chamber through grinding and cutting, thereby solving the technical problem of difficulty in opening holes and windows on the curved outer wall. A high-transmittance sapphire window glass sheet 5 is bonded to establish an optical window with high transmittance in more than two directions, so as to orthogonally irradiate atoms, which can be applied to the Rydberg atomic system.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] The specific preparation steps of the large length gas chamber are as follows:

[0054] A. Glass tube grinding: Use a high borosilicate glass tube with a suitable inner diameter and wall thickness to grind the outer wall of the glass tube 1 on four sides, and grind the outer wall of the round glass tube 1 into a square; then polish the four grinding surfaces;

[0055] B. Open the filling hole: Figure 7 As shown, one or more filling holes 2 communicating with the inner cavity are provided on an outer wall surface of a glass tube 1 ground into a square shape;

[0056] C. Cutting the unit: Cut the square glass tube 1 into a square air chamber frame 3. In this embodiment, the glass tube 1 is cut into a rectangular parallelepiped. The cut surfaces at both ends are polished. Fig. 9 As shown;

[0057] D. Joining and sealing: Join the cut surfaces at both ends of the square air chamber frame 3 to the light window glass sheet 5 to seal the air chamber.

[0058] E. The square atomic gas chamber prepared in step D is connected with a filling pipe 4 on the filling hole 2, such as Fig.10 As shown, the finished product of the atomic gas chamber is prepared.

[0059] The large-length atomic gas chamber of this embodiment can be prepared at low cost, and the plane of the outer wall can be coated with an electric heating coating layer, which can be used in the field of quantum antenna array system.

Claims

1. A glass atomic gas cell, characterized in that: The invention comprises a square air chamber frame (3) made of a glass tube as raw material, whose outer wall is ground on four sides and then cut into a shape. A cylindrical inner cavity is formed in the square air chamber frame (3). A filling hole (2) communicating with the inner cavity is provided on an outer wall surface of the square air chamber frame (3). Light window glass sheets (5) are bonded to both end surfaces of the square air chamber frame (3) to seal the inner cavity. A filling pipe (4) is connected to the filling hole (2).

2. A glass atomic gas cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square air chamber frame (3) is a cube or a cuboid.

3. A glass atomic gas cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both end surfaces of the square air chamber frame (3) are polished.

4. A glass atomic gas cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opposite outer wall surfaces of the square air chamber frame (3) are symmetrically provided with lateral optical windows (6) communicating with the inner cavity; the lateral optical windows (6) are respectively bonded with light window glass sheets (5) to seal the inner cavity.

5. A glass atomic gas cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The four outer walls of the square air chamber frame (3) are polished.

6. A glass atom gas cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The material of the light window glass sheet (5) is sapphire glass.

7. A glass atom gas cell according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The square air chamber frame (3) is made of a glass tube manufactured by a blowing method or a drawing method.

Images