Positioning and clamping mechanism of workbench and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locating and clamping mechanism of a workbench and a machine tool, the locating and clamping mechanism of the workbench comprises the workbench and a sliding seat, and further comprises a locating assembly and a locking assembly, the locating assembly is provided with a clamping groove, the locking assembly comprises a main body and a locking part, the main body is fixed on the sliding seat and provided with a hole channel, and the locking part is partially located in the hole channel. When the working table is in butt joint with the sliding base, the moving direction of the working table or the sliding base is perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking part, the positioning assembly abuts against the locking part to enable the locking part to be connected with the clamping groove in a clamped mode, and locking is achieved. A hole channel is machined through the locking assembly, the bottom of the hole is made into a conical channel, the diameter of the conical channel is smaller than that of the buckle piece, the protruding part of the buckle piece does not leak out, at the moment, under the action of the elastic piece, the buckle piece makes contact with the curve end and the linear end of the positioning block in sequence and finally protrudes and is locked in the clamping groove, and high positioning precision is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tool positioning, in particular to a positioning clamping mechanism of a workbench and a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In today's machine tool industry, there is a horizontal milling and boring machine or horizontal machining center that can exchange workbenches. After the workbench is clamped at the exchange device, the workbench with the workpiece is sent to the slide by the driving device, and locked at a fixed position by the positioning clamping device, and then processing begins. The existing problem is that the workbench with the workpiece moves toward the slide under the action of the driving device, and collides with the upper limit block of the slide after reaching the limit position. Under the reaction force, the workbench will "swing" back and forth on the slide, and the final stop position cannot be determined, and the positioning clamping device on the slide cannot work.

[0003] Most manufacturers nowadays use collision parts such as springs and rubber blocks to eliminate the impact force caused by inertia after encountering this problem. When the workbench is loaded, it will continue to rush forward due to inertia when it is sent from the exchange device to the slide. When it hits the collision parts such as springs and rubber blocks on the slide, it will inevitably rebound and vibrate, resulting in the inability of the moving parts to stop in the right position in time and accurately. To achieve the purpose of precise positioning and locking, buffer positioning devices such as hydraulic and pneumatic pressure have complex structures and high costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model aims to realize a positioning clamping mechanism for a workbench and a machine tool which can improve the positioning accuracy of the workbench after the workbench reaches a specified position.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A positioning and clamping mechanism for a workbench comprises a workbench and a slide, and also comprises a positioning assembly and a locking assembly, wherein the positioning assembly is provided with a slot, and the locking assembly comprises a main body and a locking portion, wherein the main body is fixed on the slide, and the main body is provided with a hole, wherein the locking portion is partially located in the hole, and partially extends toward the workbench and is elastically connected to the main body, and when the workbench is docked with the slide, the moving direction of the workbench or the slide is perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking portion, and the positioning assembly abuts against the locking portion to make the locking portion engage with the slot to achieve locking.

[0007] Preferably, the locking portion comprises a snap member and an elastic member, the snap member partially protrudes out of the hole, the elastic member is in a compressed state and two ends thereof respectively contact the snap member and the main body.

[0008] Preferably, the locking assembly further comprises a top screw, one end of which contacts the elastic member, and the other end of which is connected to the main body.

[0009] Preferably, the snap member is a sphere.

[0010] Preferably, the fastener is an elastic ball, the fastener is installed in the hole, and the fastener is in conflict with the top screw.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the fastener, and the hole is provided with a tapered channel on a side adjacent to the workbench for fixing the fastener.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning block, the slot is arranged at the end of the positioning block, the slot is provided with a curved end, the curved end comprises a plurality of beveled surfaces, and the curved ends are the two ends of the slot.

[0013] Preferably, the slot further comprises a straight end, the straight end is the middle portion of the slot, and the straight end is smoothly connected to the curved end.

[0014] Preferably, the positioning assembly further includes an adjusting gasket, and the positioning block is fixedly connected to the workbench via the adjusting gasket.

[0015] A machine tool comprises the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench and the machine tool of the utility model have the following advantages:

[0017] (1) The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench and the machine tool of the present application are achieved by machining a hole in the locking component, the diameter of the hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the clip, and the bottom of the hole is made into a tapered channel with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the clip, so that the clip protrudes a part without leaking out, and the rear of the clip contacts the elastic part, and the tail end of the elastic part is locked with a top screw. At this time, under the action of the elastic part, the clip contacts the curved end and the straight end of the slot in turn, and finally protrudes and locks in the slot, with high positioning accuracy.

[0018] (2) The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench and the machine tool of the present application are designed with a grinding margin by adjusting the gasket, and are ground according to the needs of the assembly site to achieve the purpose of adjusting the thickness. The positioning block is used to cooperate with the locking assembly on the slide to achieve high-precision locking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench and the machine tool of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2It is a cross-sectional view of the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench and the machine tool of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench and the positioning block structure of the machine tool of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench of the utility model and the machine tool in the first working position;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench of the utility model and the machine tool in the second working position;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench of the utility model and the machine tool in the third working position;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench of the utility model and part of the structure of the machine tool.

[0026] In the figure: 10, workbench; 20, slide; 21, limit block; 30, positioning assembly; 31, adjustment gasket; 32, positioning block; 320, slot; 321, curved end; 322, straight end; 40, locking assembly; 41, main body; 410, channel; 42, locking part; 421, snap-fit ​​part; 422, elastic part; 423, top screw; 50, exchange assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be another intermediate component through which it is fixed. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be another intermediate component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be another intermediate component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0030] Figure 1 to Figure 7 The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench of the utility model comprises a workbench 10 and a slide seat 20, and also comprises a positioning assembly 30 and a locking assembly 40. The positioning assembly 30 is fixedly connected to the workbench 10, and the locking assembly 40 is fixedly connected to the slide seat 20.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, a driving assembly is further included, and the workbench 10 moves toward the slide 20 under the drive of the driving assembly.

[0032] A locking assembly 40 is fixedly connected to one side of the slide seat 20 , and a limit block 21 is provided on the other side for positioning.

[0033] The positioning assembly 30 includes an adjusting gasket 31 and a positioning block 32 . The adjusting gasket 31 is located below the workbench 10 , and the thickness of the adjusting gasket 31 can be adjusted.

[0034] The positioning block 32 is located below the workbench 10 and connected to the workbench 10 through the adjustment shim 31. In some other embodiments, the positioning block 32 is located on the side of the workbench 10 and cooperates with the locking assembly 40 to achieve locking. In a preferred embodiment, the positioning block 32 is located on both sides of the workbench 10 and cooperates with the locking assembly 40 to achieve locking, and the positioning accuracy is higher.

[0035] The slot 320 is located at the end of the positioning block 32 . The slot 320 has a curved end 321 and a straight end 322 . The curved end 321 is located at both ends of the slot 320 , and the straight end 322 is located in the middle of the slot 320 , for fixing the position of the buckle 421 .

[0036] Specifically, the curved end 321 includes multiple beveled surfaces. In a preferred embodiment, the beveled surfaces include a 30° beveled surface and a 135° beveled surface. Through the connection of multiple beveled surfaces, the buckle 421 can smoothly move into the fixed slot 320 to achieve locking.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the straight end 322 is a 90° right angle surface.

[0038] Specifically, the positioning block 32 is fixed to the workbench 10 by screws.

[0039] The locking assembly 40 is located on the slide 20, and includes a main body 41 and a locking portion 42. The main body 41 includes a hole 410. The locking portion 42 is partially located in the hole 410, and partially extends toward the workbench 10 and is elastically connected to the main body 41. The locking portion 42 includes a buckle 421. When the buckle 421 is fixed to the slot 320, the buckle 421 is compressed to the maximum, thereby achieving locking.

[0040] When the workbench 10 and the slide 20 are docked, the moving direction of the workbench 10 or the slide 20 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the locking portion 42 , and the positioning assembly 30 abuts against the locking portion 42 so that the locking portion 42 is engaged with the slot 320 to achieve locking.

[0041] In another preferred embodiment, the locking portion 42 includes a snap member 421 and an elastic member 422. The snap member 421 partially protrudes from the main body 41. The elastic member 422 is in a compressed state and its two ends respectively contact the snap member 421 and the main body 41. When the workbench 10 moves toward the slide 20, the snap member 421 contacts the curved end 321 and the straight end 322 in sequence under the compression of the elastic member 422, and is finally fixed in the slot 320 to achieve locking.

[0042] In one embodiment, the locking portion 42 only includes a latch 421, which is an elastic ball. The latch 421 abuts against the top screw 423. The latch 421 is partially located in the hole 410 and partially protrudes from the hole 410 to engage with the slot 320 when the compression is maximum.

[0043] In some other embodiments, one side of the hole 410 is closed, and the locking member 421 and the elastic member 422 enter the hole 410 from one side to achieve a compression movement of a fixed distance.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the hole 410 is a cylindrical hole, and the corresponding snap-fit ​​member 421 is a sphere, which has the effects of agile movement and rapid response.

[0045] Specifically, the diameter of the channel 410 is greater than the diameter of the fastener 421 , and the channel 410 is provided with a tapered channel on one side adjacent to the workbench 10 for fixing part of the fastener 421 .

[0046] Specifically, the elastic member 422 is a compression spring. In some other embodiments, the elastic member 422 is a disc spring.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the locking portion 42 further includes a top screw 423, one end of which contacts the elastic member 422, and the other end is connected to the main body 41. The top screw 423 can be adjusted to increase the positioning strength of the buckle 421, and is suitable for moving parts with different loads.

[0048] Specifically, the locking assembly 40 is made of steel, and the buckle 421 is a steel ball, which has high strength and can be reused, thereby reducing costs.

[0049] Specifically, the main body 41 is fixedly connected to the slide seat 20 .

[0050] The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench further includes an exchange component 50 , on which the workbench 10 is located, and the workbench 10 is slidably connected to the exchange component 50 .

[0051] The utility model also relates to a machine tool, comprising a positioning and clamping mechanism of a workbench.

[0052] When the present application is in use, the workbench 10 moves from the exchange assembly 50 to the slide 20 under the action of the driving assembly. When the workbench 10 reaches the first working position, the buckle 421 contacts the positioning block 32, and the contact position is a 30° bevel surface. The workbench 10 continues to move, and under the action of the bevel, the buckle 421 retreats backwards, compressing the elastic member 422, and finally reaches the second working position, at which time the elastic member 422 is compressed to the maximum. Then the workbench 10 continues to move to the third working position. In the process from the second working position to the third working position, the latch 421 is pressed against the 135° bevel surface of the positioning block 32 under the action of the elastic member 422. After reaching the third working position, the latch 421 stops moving under the obstruction of the 90° right-angle surface (perpendicular to the direction of movement), achieving a locking effect. The latch 421 is tightly stuck in the slot 320 of the positioning block 32 under the action of the elastic member 422. By adjusting the thickness of the gasket 31 and fine-tuning the locking position of the workbench 10, the purpose of positioning is achieved by cooperating with the limit block 21 on the slide 20. After the processing is completed, the workbench 10 needs to move in the opposite direction and be sent from the slide 20 at the processing position to the exchange assembly 50 to disassemble the workpiece. At this time, the latch 421 is firstly connected to the workbench 10. Figure 3 The 135° bevel surface contacts the workbench 10. Under the action of the bevel, the buckle 421 compresses the elastic part 422, so that the workbench 10 can be smoothly retracted. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench of the present application and the machine tool are processed into a hole 410 in the locking assembly 40. The diameter of the hole 410 is slightly larger than the diameter of the buckle 421. The bottom of the hole 410 is made into a conical channel with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the buckle 421, so that the buckle 421 protrudes a part without leaking out. The back of the buckle 421 contacts the elastic part 422, and the tail end of the elastic part 422 is locked with a top screw 423. At this time, under the action of the elastic member 422, the latch member 421 contacts the curved end 321 and the straight end 322 of the slot 320 in turn, and finally protrudes and locks in the slot 320, with high positioning accuracy; by adjusting the gasket 31, a grinding margin is left at the beginning of the design, and grinding is performed according to the needs of the assembly site to achieve the purpose of adjusting the thickness. The positioning block 32 is used to cooperate with the locking assembly 40 on the slide 20 to achieve high-precision locking.

[0053] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the utility model, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are equivalent modifications and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the utility model, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping mechanism for a workbench, comprising a workbench and a slide seat, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning component and a locking component, the positioning component is provided with a slot, the locking component includes a main body and a locking part, the main body is fixed on the slide, the main body is provided with a channel, the locking part is partially located in the channel, and partially extends toward the workbench and is elastically connected to the main body. When the workbench is docked with the slide, the moving direction of the workbench or the slide is perpendicular to the extension direction of the locking part, and the positioning component abuts against the locking part to make the locking part engage with the slot to achieve locking.

2. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking portion includes a buckle and an elastic member, the buckle part protrudes out of the hole, the elastic member is in a compressed state and two ends thereof are respectively in contact with the buckle and the main body.

3. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking assembly further comprises a top screw, one end of which contacts the elastic member, and the other end of which is connected to the main body.

4. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buckle piece is a sphere.

5. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buckle is an elastic ball, which is installed in the hole and contacts with the top screw.

6. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the fastener, and the hole is provided with a tapered channel on one side adjacent to the workbench for fixing the fastener.

7. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly includes a positioning block, the slot is arranged at the end of the positioning block, the slot is provided with a curved end, the curved end includes a plurality of bevel surfaces, and the curved ends are the two ends of the slot.

8. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slot also includes a straight end, which is the middle of the slot, and the straight end is smoothly connected to the curved end.

9. The positioning and clamping mechanism of the workbench according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning assembly also includes an adjusting gasket, and the positioning block is fixedly connected to the workbench via the adjusting gasket.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that: A positioning and clamping mechanism comprising a workbench as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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